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Social Research : An International Quarterly
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.19  Number of Followers: 5  Subscription journalISSN (Print) 0037-783X - ISSN (Online) 1944-768X Published by Project MUSE  [305 journals]
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- Endangered Scholars Worldwide Quarterly Report
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Abstract: Attacks on higher education communities are occurring at an alarming rate worldwide, threatening the safety and well-being of scholars, students, and academic staff, as well as the autonomy of higher education institutions. While we continue to publish regular updates in Social Research: An International Quarterly, in response to a global increase in threats to academic freedom, Endangered Scholars Worldwide (ESW) has expanded its presence as an online publication under the auspices of the New University in Exile Consortium (www.newuniversityinexileconsortium.org), sharing frequent updates on news and developing cases in contribution to the Consortium's efforts to create a supportive intellectual community for ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Editor's Introduction
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Abstract: this issue, which follows our 90th anniversary issue, also harks back to our beginnings, and it too celebrates our 90th anniversary. As many of our regular readers know, Social Research was launched in 1934 by the University in Exile scholars who were brought out of Germany to the New School in 1933 as Hitler was consolidating his power. How better to celebrate this than by organizing an issue on exile'However, this issue on exile speaks not only to our past but also, sadly, very much to our present, as we witness the mass flows of people forced out of their homelands by war, economic peril, environmental disaster, and political persecution. These appalling conditions led me and a few New School colleagues to ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Internal Exile and Politics
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Abstract: in january 2023, at one of the massive protest demonstrations against what the Israeli government Orwellianly dubbed "judicial reform," David Grossman, an acclaimed Israeli novelist, stood on the main podium and depicted a gloomy picture of the mood in the country:I meet more and more people that do not want to go on living here. They are estranged from what takes place here, which forces them to be strangers in their country. Israel as it is now stopped being home to them. To avoid suffering from a sense of estrangement they withdraw in a kind of "inner exile."1Frank Thiess coined the expression "inner emigration," referring to some writers who remained in Germany after the rise of the Nazis and stayed in Nazi ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Climate-Induced Displacement and the International Protection of Forced
Migrants-
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Abstract: it is now well understood that in coming years scores of millions of people will be forced from their homes because of the effects of the climate crisis. Efforts to reduce the impacts of climate change have generally been concerned with mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and, more recently, with adaptation measures. The international community has devoted little attention to climate migration. This is changing. Forced migration due to climate change is on the agenda of a plethora of international organizations and regional associations of states. Discussions of climate change adaptation and now also of "loss and damage" routinely take up the issue of displacement.Different perspectives—climate, migration, human ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Exile as Metaphor
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Abstract: in illness as metaphor, susan sontag (1978) argued that illness is not a metaphor, not a judgment, not a warning, not a sign, not a punishment, not something you deserve, not something you have earned. It is just an illness, a physiochemical process, genetically and environmentally shaped by factors over which, for the most part, you have little or no control. You have to suffer its effects, but it doesn't help to think of it as a metaphor—for example, a challenge you could overcome with "a positive mental attitude." Such metaphors end up piling psychic stress on top of the physical ordeal. A courageous stance, a cheerful demeanor, a willingness to take risks for the sake of a cure are good qualities. They can even ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Reversing the Gaze from Refugees to Labelers: For a Socio-history of
Labeling-
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Abstract: on august 20, 2015, in the dog days of a summer that is remembered for the "migrant crisis" in Europe, and in the wake of yet another shipwreck on the Mediterranean coast, the Qatari media outlet Al Jazeera decreed that it would henceforth refer to those attempting to cross the Mediterranean only as "refugees," since the word "migrants" had become a "tool of dehumanization."1 While these declarations quickly prompted editorial offices around the world to take a stand on the right term to use, one question remained in the shadows of the debate: Why do we need to transform migrants into refugees to legitimize them'This episode from 2015 reveals the two main principles structuring the migration policies of most ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Milan Kundera's Liberating Exile
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Abstract: "by my experiences and my tastes, i am a central european. i have been influenced much more by Janacek, Kafka, Musil than by Debussy or Proust. But in the middle of my life, my wife and I have emigrated to France. This event has been the most decisive of my entire existence; it is the key to my life and my work" (Kundera 1994a, 93).Those are the terms with which the writer Milan Kundera (1929–2023) defined his exile in France, where he settled in 1975 and spent the second half of his life. To be sure, leaving his native Czechoslovakia was directly related to the constraints under which he had to live in the aftermath of the Soviet-led invasion of the country in August 1968 and the so-called normalization that ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Exile's Return in the Ancient Indian Epics
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Abstract: i have borrowed my title from malcolm cowley's book ([1934] 1951) about what he called the "Lost Generation" of the 1920s (Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and others); I chose it because of its positive attitude to exile, including the assumption that an exile (Cowley uses the singular) may (and usually does) return. Yet exile in Western literature is generally a Bad Thing: it means being forced to leave your country against your will, deprived of your precious citizenship, your very identity, banished from your friends and family, usually as punishment for some forbidden but noble political action (examples in European culture abound, from Dante to Paul Robeson) or for an allegedly heinous crime (again ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Urdu's Ambiguous Exile: Love and Loathing in "New India"
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Abstract: the story of urdu's "exile" from its homeland is, at one level, brutally simple. It involves vandals, groups of lumpen urban youth moving around with pots of paint and defacing any signs of Urdu on street signs and storefronts, disfiguring anything written in the Urdu script. The offending script is, in fact, the graceful nastaliq script that comes from Persia and is distinct from the squat, machine-friendly forms associated with Arabic. So, a few crude dabs, and the job is done. However, as with many other stories that have to do with the subcontinent, this one soon ramifies and acquires an unmistakable Old Testament quality, replete with "begats," begetters and begotten, and, inevitably, misbegotten too—all the ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Life with a Foreign Accent
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Abstract: there are several ways of writing about exile: exile as a loss, as a gain, or as an ambivalent nonsolution. Exile as a loss is the most common, even in the metaphorical sense. "That feeling of exile, that hollow we carried constantly with us," wrote Albert Camus about being secluded in a city attacked by a plague ([1947] 2021, 81). For Soviet-born poet Joseph Brodsky, the United States, where he went into exile, was a "better extension" of his native place (see, e.g., Brodsky [1975] 2000). And Bertolt Brecht said in 1935, the second year of his flight from Nazi Germany, that "the lot of those who fled hardly seemed worse … than that of those who remained behind" (Horton 2007). All three wrote the quoted words while ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Reconsidering Stravinsky in Exile: The Tangled Taxonomy of His World War
II "Victory" Symphony-
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Abstract: of all the musicians displaced by twentieth-century war and revolution, Igor Stravinsky has long furnished the most celebrated case of sustained adaptation. Born in Saint Petersburg in 1882, he left Russia for good 32 years later. A voluntary exile, he grew vociferously estranged from his Sovietized homeland. His odyssey took him to Switzerland, then France, then—fleeing World War II—the United States. He took French citizenship in 1934 and two years later called France his "second motherland." Through 1933 he regularly visited Germany. In 1937 a Chicago newspaper reported: "Stravinsky, in German, Says He's French" (Horowitz 2008, 48). He became a US citizen in 1945. He was buried in Venice in 1971.In the decades ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Home and Exile: A Trialogue between Three Africans
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Abstract: this article is centered around the ideas and experiences of three Africans who wrote on the themes of home and exile: Chinua Achebe, Lewis Nkosi, and me, Robin Cohen. After briefly introducing the protagonists, I examine a targeted selection of their writings on home and exile, noting how their lives intersected intellectually and virtually, and draw out some implications of their experiences.Chinua Achebe (1930–2013) was the author of five highly acclaimed novels. His first, Things Fall Apart (1958), has sold more than 20 million copies and is credited with having given a powerful voice and identity to Black African writers for the first time. I use the qualifying adjective "Black" because, as I discuss below ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Emaré / Egaré: Sanctuary and Exile, Law and Romance
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Abstract: in history and in literature, exile may be understood as an abiding search for sanctuary. But Edward Said begins his crucial essay "Reflections on Exile" by putting the comforts of history and literature in their place; narratives that make virtue of exilic necessity are futile attempts to master estrangement from a native place:Exile is strangely compelling to think about but terrible to experience. It is the unhealable rift forced between a human being and a native place, between the self and its true home: its essential sadness can never be surmounted. And while it is true that literature and history contain heroic, romantic, glorious, and even triumphant episodes in an exile's life, these are no more than ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Refugeedom: Making Room in the Crowded Conceptual Terrain
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Abstract: a crowded conceptual terrain characterizes the study of people on the move, specifically where refugees are concerned. It might therefore be argued that the lexicon of population displacement is sufficiently equipped to satisfy bureaucratic needs and scholarly inquiry alike with a plethora of designations, including "refugees," "displaced persons," "forced migrants," "IDPs" (internally displaced persons), "evacuees," "exiles," "deportees," "asylum seekers," "repatriates," "returnees," and so on. This proliferation of terms is closely related to historic attempts by states and intergovernmental organizations to classify persons for legal-administrative purposes. At the same time, classification of this kind has ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Very Far from the Homeland
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Abstract: "exile is never the state of being satisfied, placid, or secure," Edward Said concluded in his essay "Reflections on Exile"; "in the words of Wallace Stevens, [it] is 'a mind of winter' in which the pathos of summer and autumn as much as the potential of spring are nearby but unobtainable" (Said [1984] 2001, 186). A "mind of winter." In Stevens's poem, that mind belongs to the snowman of the title. Barely material himself, the snowman's gaze makes the cold of his predicament more vivid, as he perceives what surrounds him with the knowledge of what is not present, "which is the sound of the land … blowing in the same place." Deprived of a permanent home on Earth, like the exile, the snowman exists between states ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Exile, Horizons, and Poetic Language
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Abstract: the journal you are reading has long been famous for its hospitality to exiles. But what is exile' Edward Said begins a famous essay on the subject by stating that "exile is strangely compelling to think about but terrible to experience. It is the unhealable rift forced between a human being and a native place, between the self and its true home: its essential sadness can never be surmounted … Torn … from the nourishment of tradition, family and geography," the exile lives on borrowed time in a borrowed place (2000, 173–74). One notes the emotional, uncompromising language: unhealable rift forced, essential sadness, torn, native place, true home. The reader is not invited to argue with a thesis but to empathize ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Exile and Spatiality
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Abstract: exiling is a spatial surgery, from the perspective of punitive systems, to remove certain political actors from "home" or, from the perspective of the self-exiled, to remove oneself from "home" due to threats to one's safety, dignity, and/or freedoms. In Greek mythology, exile is a reoccurring theme as a form of calamity or part of the heroic quest. In Abrahamic mythology, the world itself is nothing but a place to which humanity has been exiled. For over two millennia, exiles have been more influential in shaping political thoughts and realities than we are typically prepared to admit. Consider, for instance, the continued political influence of Confucius, Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Karl Marx, Vladimir ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- Notes on Contributors
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Abstract: karen akoka is an associate professor of political science at Paris Nanterre University and a researcher at Institut des Sciences Sociales du Politique (ISP). She studies asylum and immigration policies in different national contexts, with a focus on comparative approaches over time and space. She has published several articles and books, including L'asile et l'exil: Une histoire de la distinction réfugiés/migrants (2020).t. alexander aleinikoff is the dean of the New School for Social Research and director of the Zolberg Institute on Migration and Mobility at the New School. His recent publications include New Narratives on the Peopling of America (coedited with Alexandra Délano; 2024) and The Arc of Protection: ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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- A Crooked Path through History: Iranian Exile Art
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Abstract: "exile, for me, is a crooked memory," the artist siah armajani said.1 As we spoke one afternoon over tea in the library of his Minneapolis home, I drew a momentary blank on the exact year Armajani had emigrated from Iran to the United States. "Seven years after," he reminded me.2 He marked time with the 1953 coup that overthrew the Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh. That coup, the British Empire's last regime change and America's first, shaped Armajani's views on the role of the artist in society. The real and symbolic power of the event would hang like a shadow over the intertwined histories of Iran and the US for decades to come. As a young student, Armajani had worked as a gopher for the Mossadegh ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-30T00:00:00-05:00
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