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Authors:Vijayan K. Pillai Abstract: This issue presents essays on an assortment of topics of interest to social development workers and researchers. PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.301 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:John Oti Amoah Abstract: Presently, an estimated 1.9 billion people in the world receive social safety net programs in the form of conditional or unconditional cash transfers, nutritional feeding programs, public works programs, and fee waivers (Devereux & Solórzano, 2016). Similarly, almost every country in the world has at least one social safety net program in place. However, these social protection programs cover only one-third of the world’s poor (Honorati, Gentilini, & Yemtsov, 2015). PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.302 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:Dheeshana S. Jayasundara Abstract: This paper provides a detailed and comprehensive national strategy to combat trafficking in a country. Trafficking in persons is considered as one of the most atrocious crimes in the modern day (Department of State, United States, 2019). Given the aberrant human rights violations involved in human trafficking, it is often referred to as the “modern day slavery” (Piotrowicz, Rijkn, & Uhl, 2019). It is very lucrative for the perpetrators involved, with gains over billion dollars annually (Gillispie, Russo, & Shah Arora, 2019). The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (the Palermo Protocol), supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) (2000), used “trafficking in persons” as an umbrella term that covers a wide variety of offenses, such as maintaining someone in forced labor or recruiting someone for compelled commercial sexual exploitation. Trafficking under this protocol is defined as ((UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, 2000): PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.303 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:Gracie E. Brownell Abstract: In post-conflict nations, stakeholders, such as governments, local and international nongovernmental organizations, and communities, are tasked with the challenging task of assisting ex-child soldiers’ transition from military to civilian life and contributing to their social development. To achieve this, ex-child soldiers participate in a societal process to reintegrate into society economically, politically, and socially (Lord & Stein, 2015; Subedi, 2014). However, members of this population faced complex structural barriers during the reintegration process, including but not limited to poverty (Conoir & Bonard, 2013; Denov, 2010), stigmatization, and lack of family and community acceptance (Betancourt, Agnew-Blais, Gilman, Williams, & Ellis, 2010; Denov, 2010; Kaplan & Nussio, 2018; Kohrt, Tol, Pettigrew, & Karki, 2010; McMullin, 2013b; Shakya, 2010). PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.304 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:Mahesti Okitasari Abstract: The need for collective approaches to public policymaking and implementation has become the central concern with the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development along with a widespread recognition of the shift in how policy is developed and implemented (Nilsson & Persson, 2017; UN ECOSOC, 2016). Constructive and inclusive partnerships among all groups of society to ensure that no one is left behind features strongly in the UN resolution text (United Nations General Assembly, 2015) and efforts (UN DESA/DSDG, 2018; UN ECOSOC, 2019). The narrative remains 4 years after the adoption of the 2030 Agenda with governments and nonstate actors exemplified that the governance for implementing the agenda should involve a wide variety of actors, advocate the importance of participation of multi-stakeholders, and strengthen the ownership to achieve the collective global on sustainable development. They also stressed the importance of establishing partnership frameworks, adopting enabling policies, enhancing skills and expertise on partnership design and management, and encouraging monitoring and review of partnerships (UN ECOSOC, 2019). PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.305 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:Jill W. Sinha Abstract: Microfinance offered through non-profit (NP)/NGOs and for-profit (FP) lenders provide access to loans for families below the poverty rate who are likely to be ineligible or restricted in access to formal banking institutions. Poverty is largely feminized: demographics consistently indicate that women and children are the most vulnerable to persistent poverty and are the worlds’ poorest citizens. The reasons for the gendered face of poverty work together: women typically are engaged in the lowest-paid types of work or informal economy; women earn 24% less than men even in equitable jobs; fewer women than men are in the paid labor force; and women contribute significantly more time and “work” to activities such as housework and childcare (OXFAM; United Nations Development Program (UNDP), 2015). PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.306 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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Authors:FangHsun Wei Abstract: Youth alcohol use has been a significant issue in the United States. On a national level, approximately 33% of high school–aged youth reported drinking at least one alcoholic beverage at any given time within 30 days of a self-reporting survey (Department of Health and Human Services, 2015). The Pennsylvania Youth Survey (PAYS) reported significantly lower statewide average rates of alcohol use, with 18.2% of adolescents reporting drinking alcohol within 30 days of being surveyed (Pennsylvania Commission of Crime and Delinquency, 2016). According to the Pennsylvania State Epidemiological Outcomes Workgroup (2017), the youth alcohol use in the past 30 days has decreased from 2011 to 2015. In 2015, Pennsylvania estimated about 17.6% of the youth self-reported that they were involved in alcohol use in the past 30 days (Pennsylvania State Epidemiological Outcomes Workgroup, 2017). In addition, Strohte (2018) reported that about 499,000 youth drank alcohol every year and about 4% youth took at least one alcohol drink within 30 days in 2009. According to these data, the youth alcohol use within 30 days has become an issue in Pennsylvania. PubDate: 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/sdi.17872073.0042.307 Issue No:Vol. 42, No. 3 (2020)
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