 Subjects -> SPORTS AND GAMES (Total: 199 journals)
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- Anniversary Issue: Editor's Introduction
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Authors: Dennis Coates
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-06-06T07:27:33Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221106673
- Incentives and Strategic Behavior of Professional Boxers
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Authors: Zafer Akin, Murat Issabayev, Islam Rizvanoghlu
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
In professional boxing, a higher-ranked boxer chooses his opponent among challengers varying in popularity and strength. We build a three-stage model of a professional boxing fight between the chooser and a challenger to examine the strategic incentives of a chooser in sharing the purse and exerting a proper level of effort. More importantly, we endogenize the choice of the opponent and the purse to be generated. We found that an older chooser who is ready to cash in his reputation tends to choose a stronger opponent with little effort, while a young rising “star” prefers a match against weaker opponents.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-05-24T05:35:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221100203
- Do Fans Impact Sports Outcomes' A COVID-19 Natural Experiment
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Authors: Jeffrey Cross, Richard Uhrig
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
This paper studies the effect of fan attendance on home field advantage in top European soccer leagues. We exploit exogenous variation in the level of fan attendance driven by COVID-19 mitigation policies and find that the home field advantage, as measured by home minus away (expected) goals, is reduced by more than 50% across the English Premier League, German Bundesliga, Italian Serie A, and Spanish La Liga. This leads to a decrease in probability for a home win, indicating that these goals are pivotal with respect to match outcomes.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-05-19T04:33:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221100204
- Contest Outcome Uncertainty and Fan Decisions: A Meta-Analysis
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Authors: Clay Collins, Brad R. Humphreys
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Outcome uncertainty represents a central, defining area of sports economic research. Contest outcome uncertainty (COU), the idea that fan expectations about game outcomes affects attendance decisions, receives substantial attention in the literature, including many papers published in this journal. The standard model of fan decisions under uncertainty generates two diametrically opposed predictions about the COU-attendance relationship, depending on fan preferences, generating tension in the empirical literature. We undertake a meta-analysis of the empirical COU literature to assess empirical support for these predictions. We identify more than 500 empirical model specifications reported in 97 COU papers. The results slightly favor the loss aversion version of the model, but the literature contains no consensus. Sport analyzed and choice of COU proxy variable have no relationship to reported results. Simple OLS and panel data methods generate much of the evidence, highlighting the importance of using causal inference methods in future research.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-04-12T07:50:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221091544
- Rottenberg at Sixty-Five: In Honor of the 20th Anniversary of the Journal
of Sports Economics-
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Authors: Rodney Fort
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Sports economics is now 65 years old, since Rottenberg's “The Baseball Players’ Labor Market”. This milestone coincides with the 20th anniversary of the Journal of Sports Economics. Rottenberg's two main offerings, the match outcome uncertainty hypothesis and the invariance principle, are reviewed, including empirical verdicts from other recent literature reviews. In addition, perhaps less well-known issues in the literature suggest further investigation of these crucial hypotheses, and others that arise. Finally, the place of the Journal of Sports Economics in the evolution of sports economics is offered.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-04-11T02:31:32Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221091548
- All Runs Are Created Equal: Labor Market Efficiency in Major League
Baseball-
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Authors: Ryan Pinheiro, Stefan Szymanski
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Moneyball ( Lewis, 2003) claimed that data analytics enabled savvy operators to exploit inefficiencies in the market for baseball players. The economic analysis of Hakes and Sauer (2006) appeared to show that the publication of Moneyball represented a watershed, after which inefficiencies had been competed away. In both cases analysis focused on composite statistics such as on base percentage (OBP) and slugging percentage (SLG). This paper relies on a more structural approach, associated with the statistical analysis of Lindsey (1963) which identifies the run value of each individual event in a game. Using a dataset of every event in every game from 1996 to 2015, we show that run value of each event can be accurately calculated, as can the run value contribution of each player. We show that the compensation of free agents reliably reflects the run value contribution of each player, regardless of the source of those contributions (walks, singles, and home runs). We find this was true both before and after the publication of Moneyball, suggesting that the labor market for batters in Major League Baseball operated efficiently across our entire sample period.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-04-01T06:25:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221085712
- Sports Economics on Trial: Alston v. NCAA
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Authors: Roger G. Noll
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
The Supreme Court's decision in NCAA v. Alston already has had profound effects on the governance of college sports. Despite the narrow scope of the relief ordered in Alston, the opinion invites more challenges to NCAA rules that restrict compensation of athletes. Within months after Alston was decided, many athletes already are substantially better off financially, and the NCAA has delegated regulation of compensation of athletes to its conferences and divisions. Moreover, the case represents an intellectual victory for sports economics in that decades of research in the field formed the foundation for the Court's opinion.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-03-29T07:54:42Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221078504
- Sports-based Entertainment and Crime Evidence from Football Games in
Brazil-
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Authors: Ilaria Masiero
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
I investigate the relationship between sports-based entertainment and crime using nine years of hourly data on robberies and thefts by police district in São Paulo linked to information on 430 football matches. Results report a citywide voluntary incapacitation impact and a local spatial concentration effect. Robberies significantly drop during matches, especially high-audience ones. Around the stadiums, this effect is outweighed by that of concentration. While I find no evidence of spatial displacement, temporal displacement is at play, with offenses being moved up to pre-game time. I show that the game-crime link is likely deployed through potential criminals rather than victims.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-03-18T08:08:57Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221085714
- The Wellbeing Valuation Approach: The Monetary Value of Sport
Participation and Volunteering for Different Life Satisfaction Measures
and Estimators-
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Authors: Tim F. Thormann, Sebastian Gehrmann, Pamela Wicker
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
This study applies the wellbeing valuation approach to sport participation and volunteering using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Linear regression results show that sport and volunteering hours increase satisfaction with life, health, work, income, and leisure, but with diminishing returns in most models. In a seemingly unrelated regression, some of these effects turn insignificant. The instrumental variable estimates show causal impacts of sporting hours on all wellbeing measures, while volunteering only impacts health satisfaction. The monetary values vary depending on the type of wellbeing measure and estimator, indicating that future studies should consider the employed measures and estimators.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-03-08T11:16:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221085716
- UEFA Against the Champions' An Evaluation of the Recent Reform of the
Champions League Qualification-
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Authors: László Csató
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
The paper evaluates the impact of the only reform in the Champions Path of UEFA Champions League qualifying system, effective from the 2018/19 season. In contrast to previous studies, our methodology considers five seasons instead of only one to filter out any possible season-specific attributes. The chances of some national champions decrease much stronger than suggested by the reduction in the number of available slots. Since the negative effects depend to a large extent on the arbitrary cutoffs in the access list, we propose to introduce some randomness into the determination of entry stages.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-03-07T11:42:44Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221074700
- Efficient Spread Betting Markets: A Literature Review
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Authors: Jonas Vandenbruaene, Marc De Ceuster, Jan Annaert
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Are simple trading strategies profitable' It is a question that has been on the minds of academics and practitioners for decades. In this paper, we review the longstanding literature on trading strategies in spread betting (also known as handicap betting), a popular sports betting microstructure. We review over 600 strategy implementations and find that market efficiency and systematic misperceptions are not mutually exclusive per se. Predictable glitches occur, but they are too small to be profitably exploited which is consistent with efficient markets. Furthermore, while controlling for data mining issues is becoming mainstream in finance, it has not yet made its way into this literature. We provide evidence that the hurdle rate of z > 3 which has been put forward in the broader finance literature should also be used in betting market research.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-02-18T03:40:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025211071042
- Anthem Protests, Viewer Politics, and the Demand for NFL Games: Assessing
the Impact of National Anthem Protests on Viewership-
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Authors: Noah Sperling, Donald Vandegrift
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
This paper analyzes the effect of anthem protests on viewership for National Football League (NFL) games controlling for measures of NFL market-specific political beliefs and other demand determinants. To capture the effect of the protests on viewership, we create two classes of protests (unambiguous and ambiguous protests) and support the classification based on the meaning of the protest, actions by NFL owners, and statements by Donald Trump. Using data from all early and late-afternoon Sunday games from the 2014 through 2017 regular NFL seasons, we show that: (1) unambiguous protests reduce viewership in the week following the protests by about 15% while ambiguous protests do not generally produce statistically significant reductions in viewership; (2) the negative effect of unambiguous protests on viewership is particularly strong in metro locations that voted more heavily for Donald Trump in 2016; and (3) following Donald Trump's statements in week 3 of the 2017 season, both ambiguous and unambiguous protests increased and the increase in ambiguous protests was particularly large.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-02-15T05:46:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221078009
- Risk-taking in contests with heterogeneous players and intermediate
Information—Evidence from handball-
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Authors: Lena Neuberg, Stefan Thiem
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
This paper analyzes the risk-taking behavior of heterogeneous players in dynamic contests with intermediate information. Using data from the first German Handball league, we measure risk-taking by substituting the goalkeeper for an additional field player. By differentiating between ex-ante and in-game heterogeneity, we show that underdogs and trailing teams are willing to take more risks and that favourites and underdogs react differently to interim information. Trailing underdogs choose riskier strategies than trailing favorites during a match. The increased overall risk-taking is indeed beneficial for underdogs, whereas favourites lose significantly more games as a result of increased risk-taking.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-01-31T03:15:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025211071028
- What is the Impact of Post-Season Bowl Participation on a Football
Program's On-Field Success, Recruiting and Revenues'-
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Authors: Stacey L. Brook
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Previous research examines the impact college athletic success has on state appropriations, donations, student applications, and academic reputation, but not on the impact college athletic success has on an individual athletic program directly. Since nearly 70% of post-season bowl game Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) participants incur bowl game financial losses, are there future benefits from post-season bowl game participation for the football program' The empirical results show prior post-season bowl participation has positive impacts on current recruiting and revenues, but not performance. Finally, 92% of programs cover their current bowl game financial losses from higher future variable revenues attributed to current bowl participation.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-01-20T01:01:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221074692
- The Effect of the Crowd on Home Bias: Evidence from NBA Games During the
COVID-19 Pandemic-
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Authors: Hua Gong
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
The present study examines a specific type of referee biases, home bias, and analyzes how the presence of fans affects home bias by using NBA games played in empty arenas during the COVID-19 pandemic in the 2020–2021 season and matches played before the pandemic from 2017 to 2020. This research also uses a unique data set from NBA Last Two Minute Reports to assess referees’ performance at the play level. The findings show crowd support does not cause referees to treat home and away teams differently in crucial situations during the NBA regular season, contrary to the results in most prior studies.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-01-17T03:51:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025211073337
- Where to Go Next' Examining the Effect of Franchise Expansion and
Location on Game-Level Attendance in Major League Soccer-
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Authors: Dirk Semmelroth, Bernd Frick, Robert Simmons, Hojun Sung
First page: 524
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
Using a large dataset with over 4,000 game-level observations from Major League Soccer over the period 2006 to 2019 we investigate the determinants of attendance demand. Focusing on franchise expansion and location effects, we find that some decisions made by the organization had positive impacts on league revenues. While going to cities with a large population and already hosting nearby NFL or NBA teams is positively associated with game attendance, the presence of geographically close MLB and NHL teams is detrimental to MLS revenues. Our results suggest a need for a more nuanced and selective approach to MLS expansion policy.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-01-07T02:19:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025211067795
- Sports Mega-Events and Economic Growth: A Synthetic Control Approach
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Authors: Michał Marcin Kobierecki, Michał Pierzgalski
First page: 567
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
This paper contributes to the current literature investigating whether hosting sports mega-events brings tangible economic benefits to the host country. Specifically, we examine whether staging the Olympic Games and the FIFA World Cups leads to observable economic growth. The research has been conducted through a quasi-experimental study in the spirit of the difference-in-differences method. The research subject includes states in which the Olympic Games and FIFA World Cup were held between 2010 and 2016: Canada, South Africa, Great Britain, and Brazil. We found that there is no significant effect of hosting sports mega-events on economic growth.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-01-04T03:57:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025211071029
- Set-level strategic and psychological momentum in best-of-three-set
professional tennis matches-
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Authors: Craig A. Depken, John M. Gandar, Dmitry A. Shapiro
First page: 598
Abstract: Journal of Sports Economics, Ahead of Print.
We provide a theoretical and empirical analysis of strategic momentum and psychological momentum in best-of-three contests between players with unequal skills. As a theoretical benchmark, we develop a fully rational model of best-of-three contests and define psychological momentum as systematic deviation from the theoretical equilibrium. An empirical analysis of 66,262 professional tennis matches from 2002 to 2020 shows that our theoretical model closely matches first set outcomes, which is when set-level psychological momentum is absent. Overall, the empirical results show that both strategic momentum and psychological momentum contribute to the outcomes of best-of-three tennis contests.
Citation: Journal of Sports Economics
PubDate: 2022-04-01T06:27:08Z
DOI: 10.1177/15270025221085715
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