Abstract: Constructing an offensive situations to measure the tactical behavior in kick of futsal players using virtual reality technology.The research community included the Futsal players of the Iraqi Premier League clubs for the season 2020-2021, who numbered at the time of the experiment (258) players distributed over (16) clubs, and they are: (Police, Nationality, Municipality of Baghdad, Air Force, Army, the Refineries) clubs. (from the central region), (the Basra oil, the South, the South gas, the South Refineries, Uruk, the municipality of Nasiriyah) clubs (from the southern region), (the Central oil, the Eastern) clubs (from the middle Euphrates), (Shahrban, the North gas) clubs (from the northern region)), while the research sample consisted of (128) players representing a percentage of (49.61%) of the total research community.A number of exploratory experiments were conducted, in addition to using the following scientific coefficients : reliability by retesting, Face validity , Intrinsic validity , discriminant validity for the upper and lower groups, discriminant validity for opposing groups, and objectivity.it was reached (5) situations are which represents the whole behavior of the offensive tactics for Futsal players from kick in.The researcher used the following statistical methods:Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson's simple correlation coefficient, (T) test for independent and equal samples, percentage , mode, skew coefficient, chi-square test, modified standard score (6-δ).
Abstract: AbstractStudy of relationship between some biokinematic variables and ability of quick responsiveness and accurately to penalty kick (10 meters) by front of foot of (FUTSAL) playersaims1- Detecting relationship between values of some biokinematic variables and ability to quick responsiveness to penalty kick (10meters) with front of foot of FUTSAL players 2-Revealing relationship between values of some biokinematic variables and accuracy of penalty kick (10meters) with front of foot of FUTSAL players. 3-Detecting relationship between values of ability to quick responsiveness and accuracy to penalty kick (10meters) with front of foot of FUTSAL players hypotheses1-There is a significant correlation between values of some vital kinetic variables and ability to respond quickly to penalty kick (10 meters) with forefoot of players (FUTSAL)2-There is a significant correlation between values of some kinetic variables and accuracy of penalty kick (10 meters) with forefoot of Futsal players3-There is a significant correlation between values of ability to quickly respond and accuracy of penalty kick (10 meters) with for foot of (Futsal) playersThe researchers used descriptive approach in correlative approach to its relationship and the nature of research, and research sample was represented by (8) players of Nineveh Competencies Sports Club in game of futsal. The researchers used (personal interview - scientific sources and references - questionnaire-test and measurement - scientific and technical observation) as a means of data collection. The statistical methods used (percentage - arithmetic mean-standard deviation - coefficient of variation-T-test for independent samples-simple correlation coefficient)
Abstract: The aim of the search is to:1- Preparing the organizational cohesion questionnaire in the directorates of youth and sports in Iraq.2- Identifying the level of organizational cohesion in the directorates of youth and sports in Iraq from the point of view of the sport division’s cadres in them.The Researchers used the descriptive approach in its survey method, and the research community included (192) employees of the sports division’s cadres affiliated to the youth and sports directorates, which numbered (17) directorates distributed over (15) governorates, The exploratory sample, preparation, and application were randomly selected with (8, 101, 66) employees, respectively, To collect information, a questionnaire was prepared for organizational cohesion, which included dimensions (the level of information exchange between different departments, the level of mutual support and cooperation among the directorate members, the degree of senior managers’ respect for employees, and the degree of tolerance for failure within the directorate), The Researchers applied it after the availability of scientific conditions in it, and the data were processed statistically using the arithmetic mean, percentage, simple correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The Researchers drew several conclusions, including:- The effectiveness of the organizational cohesion questionnaire for the directors of youth and sports directorates in Iraq was verified from the viewpoint of its sport division’s cadres after reaching its preparation according to scientific procedures.-The directorates of youth and sports in Iraq have a medium level of organizational cohesion from the viewpoint of their sport division’s cadres.
Abstract: The importance of the topic lies in the fact that it is a modern term that has been addressed to avoid the negatives of previous leadership methods. Through the current research, the dimensions of soft leadership will be clarified and its aspects covered to help researchers develop other future research by taking advantage of the tool that will be prepared, and this research can also come out with results And recommendations that the deans of faculties can benefit from in managing their facultiesThe aim of the research is to identify the level of soft leadership in its dimensions for the deans of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences from the point of view of the members of the college councils and the Division officials, and the descriptive approach was used in the survey method. Members of the college councils are divided into (6) colleges, and in collecting data, a soft leadership questionnaire was prepared after verifying its validity and stability , development and training), and professional ethics have attained a very high level.
Abstract: The current research aims at:1- Preparing a questionnaire for organizational improvisation for the directors of sports and school activity departments in Iraq.2- Identifying the level of organizational improvisation for the directors of sports and school activities from the point of view of the sports technical supervisors.The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and in the method of correlative relations, and the research community represented (239) technical and sports supervisors working in the departments of sports and school activity in Iraq. To collect the information, a questionnaire was prepared for the dimensions of organizational improvisation, represented by (creativity, adaptation, intuition, awareness of risks, opportunities, building a solution) and the researchers applied it after the availability of scientific conditions in it. Two independent and Cronbach coefficients, the researchers concluded the following:1- Reaching to prepare a questionnaire for organizational improvisation for the directors of sports and school activity departments in Iraq, and its effectiveness was verified from the viewpoint of the sports technical supervisors in these departments.2- The directors of the sports and school activity departments enjoy a high level of organizational improvisation from the point of view of the sports technical supervisors, in line with their possession of the foundations and rules of its formation, which include the ability to find appropriate solutions, implement adaptation processes, and invest their creative characteristics, intuitive capabilities and expertise by perceiving risks, as well as having an average level in their exploitation of opportunities.
Abstract: The research aims to build a measure of investment requirements for sports activities in sports tourism in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq' The research community included employees of the Tourism Authority, sports specialists at the Ministry of Culture and Youth, the Olympic Committee members, and the members of the excellent sports clubs in the Kurdistan Region. They numbered (225) individuals, and after verifying the standard characteristics represented by indicators of validity and reliability, the sports tourism scale became in its final form, consisting of (46) items, divided into six axes - administrative requirements - human and material resources - laws and legislation - technical aspects - societal - political culture. And security, the researchers concluded to build a scale for sports tourism in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, which included six axes and forty-six items. The researchers recommended applying the scale to samples of workers in the ministries of tourism, youth, and sports in the Kurdistan region.
Abstract: The current study aimed to:Identifying the degree orientation toward life for distinguished high school students.The study was conducted on the research community, which consisted of distinguished high school students who participated in school sports activities in Mosul city, whose number, according to the records of the sports teams of physical education teachers in the two secondary schools, reached (230) female students in both secondary schools who participated in the school sports activities. Where the application sample reached (55) female students representing (22%) of the research community, as for the stability sample, it reached (30) female students representing (13%) of the research community, and the researchers used the statistical means measured in the (spss) system to help them In obtaining the research samples, which included (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and percentage), and after obtaining the validity and reliability of the measurement tool in the current research, the researchers concluded the presence of desire, motivation and optimism among the members of the research sample from high school students for the distinguished, The researchers recommended strengthening the attitude towards life among the distinguished high school students.
Abstract: The research aims to identify the possibility of distinguishing between strength tests (characterized by speed and explosiveness) for sports practitioners. The sample consisted of (100) players distributed on clubs (Al-Fatwa football, Mosul football, Mosul municipality football, Mosul municipality basketball, and Nineveh governorate volleyball team). As for the research tools, they included field tests for the two characteristics of strength, speed and explosive power. It included (21) field tests, of which (11) were designed.- Factor analysis of strength tests characterized by speed and explosive power for sports practitioners concluded to seven factors.- Using factor analysis, repetition did not have a basis for distinguishing between tests, as it represents the force characteristic of speed or explosive power, in absolute terms, but rather it appeared in relative terms.-The part of the body participating in the test had a clear impact on the appearance of factors at the expense of the repetition of performance in the tests.- The seven factors that emerged from the factorial structure of sports practitioners called the following names:● The first factor (muscular ability of the vertical jump).● The second factor (muscular ability of the arms).● The third factor (muscular ability of the horizontal jump).● The fourth factor (muscular strength of the arm and trunk).● The fifth factor (the speed characteristic of the arms).● The sixth factor (the speed characteristic of the abdominal muscles).● The seventh factor (the speed characteristic of the legs and trunk).
Abstract: The aim of the research is to identify the significance of the differences between two water temperatures (normal and high) in the volume of oxygen consumption relative to the junior swimmers. They were chosen deliberately, and to collect information, the researcher used technical tests and measurements, observation, and field interview, as means of data collection. The data were treated statistically through the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-Test for the related samples, and the coefficient of variation, and the researchers concluded the following:1. The water in high water temperature when physical effort 400 meters free swimming did not cause a noticeable increase in (comparative volume of oxygen consumed) compared to normal water temperature.The researchers also recommended the following:1- Using the training programs for swimmers appropriately to stimulate the appropriate metabolic and muscular adaptations that will make a big difference in achievement by conducting physiological tests to identify the aerobic and anaerobic abilities of swimmers and allocating a place for them in the training plan. The researcher recommends adopting a distance of 400 meters to identify the job capabilities of young swimmers.
Abstract: The researchers aimed to identify :- Knowing psychological effects relationship between social distancing and achievement motivation among football players .Research hypothesis :There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological effects of social distancing and achievement motivation in research sample . The researchers used descriptive approach that cuase its suitable and nature of research .The research society consisted football clubs players of second and third level in Nineveh government that been selected regularly . The research sample consisted ( 306) players represented ( 14 ) clubs from second and third level in Nineveh government . The researchers conducted an exploratory experiment by using this scale on sample consisted (54) players represented clubs from second and third level in Nineveh government .The researchers used Statistical package ( spss ) to have Mean , standard deviation , Test ( T ) for two independent samples , Pearson correlation coefficient . The resulted of research showed that there are statistically significant differences in the level of social distancing and achievements motivation , the researchers recognized the existence of significant differences between the psychological effects of social distancing with achievement motivation among the research sample. The researchers recommended to reduce the psychological effects of social distancing among players by adhering to preventive measures and motivating them through the media, as well as supporting them financially and morally, which has repercussions on the players' achievement motivation and team cohesion . Keywords: Psychological effects of social distancing , achievement motivation , and football .
Abstract: The aim of the research is to prepare a questionnaire about job competencies with its dimensions (leadership, behavioral, professional) for the directors of student activities departments in Iraqi universities from the point of view of their sports staff. By survey method, the research sample consisted of (524) members distributed over (16) universities.To achieve the objectives of the research, it required preparing a questionnaire of job competencies with its dimensions and verifying its validity and stability, and in statistical data processing, percentage, arithmetic mean, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), Spearman-Brown equation, Alpha Cronbach equation were used. The two researchers concluded to enhance the functional competencies of the directors of student activities departments in Iraqi universities from the point of view of their sports staff, and to adopt professional competencies and emphasize their development through the work of training and development workshops.The aim of the research is to prepare a questionnaire about job competencies with its dimensions (leadership, behavioral, professional) for the directors of student activities departments in Iraqi universities from the point of view of their sports staff. By survey method, the research sample consisted of (524) members distributed over (16) universities.To achieve the objectives of the research, it required preparing a questionnaire of job competencies with its dimensions and verifying its validity and stability, and in statistical data processing, percentage, arithmetic mean, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), Spearman-Brown equation, Alpha Cronbach equation were used. The two
Abstract: The goal of the research build a list of evaluation of the supervisory competencies of physical education supervisors from the point of view of teachers and teachers in the city of Mosul. It was chosen in the random way from teachers and teachers of physical education of both sexes, which number (233), which constitutes (28%) of the research community, and the researchers used the analysis of sources, questionnaire and personal interview to collect data on the study, where the content of a group of sources was analyzed to determine The supervisory competencies of the educational supervisor and specialization, followed by the formulation of a group of paragraphs representing the competencies, and scientific transactions for the questionnaire were found from the sincerity of the arbitrators, as it was presented to (16) experts and the transactions of the sincerity of the internal consistency of the questionnaire and constructive honesty and the steps to ensure the stability of trran Brown connection laboratories, Getman's equation, Alpha-Carronbach correlation laboratories, T.ST test, d range equation and after to become a questionnaire with his image The final from (67) a paragraph divided into nine supervisory competencies .Key words: evaluation, Supervisory competencies, educational supervisor .
Abstract: This study aimed to reveal the effect of the Question Network and Peer Education Strategies in learning some basic football skills for students. The study relied on the experimental method, and the study sample consisted of (40) students from the academic year (2021-2022) in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Duhok, and we divided them into two groups, with (20) students per group.We chose the first year students by the intentional method, and the two experimental groups were set using simple random method, and we studied the first experimental group according to the Question Network Strategy, while the second experimental group studied using the Peer Education Strategy, and the implementation of the educational curriculum took (6) weeks, on an average of (12) educational unit for each of the two strategies (Question Network and Peer Education) from (30/11/2021) to (18/1/2022).It consisted of two units per week for each educational group, and the Educational Unit Time was (90) minutes, and parity was made between the members of the two groups in the variables of (Age, Height, Weight, and the Skills to be learned), and the research tools were consisted of testing specified skills in football. After completing the implementation of the program, the post-test was conducted, and the two researchers used the Statistical Program (spss) to process the data of the research. The two researchers reached several conclusions, the most important of which are:- The first experimental group, (Network of Questions), outperformed the second experimental group (Peer education), in the rates of the post-measurement variable from the Pre-measurement of (Scoring, Handling, Suppression and Rolling) skills in football under research.- The Question-network and the Peer-education strategies are among the effective strategies in learning basic football skills, with reference to the post- measurement results
Abstract: The aim of the search is to:- Building a psychological counseling program to reduce future anxiety and develop sports values among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.- Identifying the impact of the psychological program in reducing future anxiety among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.- Identifying the differences in the post-test in reducing the level of future anxiety between the experimental and control groups.- Identifying the impact of the psychological program on developing sports values for students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.- Identifying the differences in the post-test in the development of sports values between the experimental and control groups among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the experimental research sample was deliberately selected from the students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / College of Basic Education / University of Mosul, whose number is (22) students, to represent the sample of the experimental research after their grades were arranged in descending order (20). ) students were randomly divided into two groups, the first group included (10) students to represent the experimental group, while the second group included (10) students to represent the control group.The researchers found:. The effectiveness of the selective counseling program in improving the level of sportsmanship among the players of some teams of the College of Basic Education in team games.. There are significant differences between the pre and post tests in sportsmanship and in favor of the post test for the experimental group.. There are significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the two posttests in sportsmanship and in favor of the post test for the experimental group
Abstract: The aim of the search is to:- Identifying the impact of the individual games program on the tactical performance of female futsal players.- Identifying the impact of the group games program on the tactical performance of female futsal players.- Identifying the differences in the two post-tests of the two groups in the tactical performance of the female futsal players.The researcher used the experimental method because it is appropriate and appropriate to the nature of the research.The community and sample of the research included the players of Sheikhan Club in futsal football for the season (2021-2022), and their number is (12) players. They were divided into two groups, each group consisting of (6) players. The first group used exercises and individual games, while the second group used exercises and games. The statistical bag (spss) was used to extract and obtain data related to the research.The following conclusions were obtained:1- The two programs prepared according to the individual and group games of the two groups proved its effect on the tactical performance of the female futsal players.2- The group that used group games outperformed the group that used individual games in the research variables.4- The emergence of differences in the two post-tests between the two groups in the variable (speed of tactical thinking and flexibility of tactical thinking) and in favor of the group that used group games.
Abstract: Diagnosing the reality of sports care in the clubs of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq from the point of view of members of the administrative bodies: a comparative study between the clubs of the first and excellent degreesThe study aimed at diagnosing the reality of sports care from the point of view of members of the football administrative bodies in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq clubs. The research relied on the analytical descriptive approach, and the returned forms (180) represented the total sample form for the study, which was divided into two samples: the construction sample, which represented (80) members of the members, while the application sample represented (100) members of the administrative bodies and From both the premium and first classes, and they are divided into (35) clubs. The research was based on a questionnaire designed by the researchers that included (30) items. The data was processed statistically using descriptive methods and represented by both frequencies, percentages, weighted averages, standard deviations, and t-test for independent samples. In light of the results, a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.Keywords: sponsorship, sports sponsorship, clubs.
Abstract: The aim of the current research is to identify the level of classroom behavior of the teacher among the eighth grade students for both sexes and the pleasure of the lesson of physical education and the relationship between each of the behavior and pleasure of the research sample. The researchers used the descriptive approach in its survey style to achieve the objectives and hypotheses of their research. As for the research sample, the research sample was chosen by the intentional method, by selecting (15) schools for boys and (15) schools for boys, specifically (10) male and female students from each school, and the total number was (150) students. And (150) female students. The researchers prepared and translated the two scales (classroom behavior and learning motivation) and after unpacking the data, the researchers used the statistical bag (spss).The results of the study revealed that the students, in general, were satisfied with the teacher's behavior. There are no statistical differences between male and female students in relation to the teacher's behavior. It turns out that the students in general were motivated to learn in the lesson of physical education. There are significant differences between male and female students in learning motivation and in favor of students
Abstract: The aim of the current research is to identify the sources of psychological stress among male and female physical education teachers in basic schools in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and the significance of differences in those sources according to demographic variables: (gender, governorate, and age). The sample consisted of (480) male and female teachers who were chosen in a stratified random manner from the four governorates (Erbil, Dohuk, Sulaymaniyah and Halabja) in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The researchers relied on the scale of the sources of psychological stress that they prepared, consisting of (40) items distributed on five dimensions or sources. Indicators of the scale's validity and reliability were confirmed. The data were treated statistically using the arithmetic means and standard deviations, in addition to using the t-test for one sample and for two independent samples, and analysis of variance. The results indicated that the level of pressures in two sources, namely the pressures of teaching and the pressures of the school environment, was high, and in contrast, it was found that the level of pressures in two sources, namely professional pressures and family pressures, was low, while the level of pressures in the source of personal pressures was medium. It was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the sources of stress due to the variables of governorate, gender and age. In light of the results of the research, a number of recommendations and proposals were presented.
Abstract: the impact of Compound training on some physical characteristics and the forehand and backhand performance for junior tennis playersDr. Dlawer karim HumarSoran university - Faculty of education – school of physical education – Department of Physical Education and Sport SciencesDlawer.humer@soran.edu.iqABSTRACTThe research aims to reveal the effect of compound exercises on some physical characteristics of tennis players and the effect of compound exercises on the level of forehand and backhand performance of tennis players. The researcher used the experimental method by designing a single experimental group with the use of pre- and post-tests due to its suitability to the nature of the study. The research sample was chosen intentionally from tennis juniors under (16) years old. The number of these juniors reached (22) juniors from (Sanur Club) Sports in Erbil Governorate in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq.The researcher made sure of the homogeneity of the sample in the factors influencing the research, and he showed that the training program showed a positive effect on the physical characteristics of junior tennis players, in the variables (transitional speed - agility - strength characterized by speed) for the benefit of the post-tests, and the training program to improve some physical characteristics showed a positive effect. On the performance of forehand and backhand skills among junior tennis players for post-tests
Abstract: The current research aims to:Design of a proposed training curriculum using line exercises for some physical variables for lounge footballers of the football school of Al Noor.Recognize the effectiveness of line exercises in some of the physical variables of lounge footballers of the Ball Light School between the experimental group and the control.Discrepancies in line exercises are identified on some of the physical variables of the lounge footballers of Al Noor Football School between the experimental group and the control group.The researcher assumed:There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the five-a-side football players in the experimental group.There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the five-a-side football players in the control group.There are no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in some physical variables for futsal players in the post-test. The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability to the type and nature of this research, using an experimental design with measurement (pre- and post-test) for the experimental and control groups. The research community included 15-year-old football juniors in the Al-Nour Football Academy in five-a-side football and registered in the Nineveh Football Academy Federation for the 2023/2024 sports season. The research sample consists of (24) players, and they were chosen intentionally, divided as follows (10) players as a sample. Experimental (10) players as a control sample and (4) players as an exploratory sample. Homogeneity was carried out for the research sample in growth variables, training age, and parity in some physical variables. The researcher used the SPSS statistical package to analyze the data statistically
Abstract: The aim of the research is to identify the value of some mechanical variables before and after hitting the ground at a certain angle when the ball is rolled freely for each type of ball (basketball, handball, and football). The importance of the research stems from studying the variance in directions of the balls in their respective playing fields when rolled at a certain angle and rebounding at a different angle and this is when the circumference is fixed. adopted a method of tracking the movement of various types of balls (basketball, handball, and football) when they are in a free-rolling position in a constant environment. In ball competitions we find that the players can not accurately control inbound balls, especially a rebounding ball, and do not accurately predict or determine the distance of the ball’s rebound in order to take the correct location to put down the ball or score it.
Abstract: Background: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a technique that applies resistance to the diaphragm and other muscles involved in inhalation and provides numerous physiological benefits, to enhance their power and function capacity. Purpose: To determine the influence of an 8-week IMT on Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV). Methods: The research design incorporated both pre- and post-tests over a duration of 8 weeks. The sample of the study included twenty healthy participants who experience moderate daily physical activities. The sample was allocated at random to either the experimental group, which underwent an IMT training program, or the control group, which continued with their daily routine. The experimental group utilized a "big breath" threshold device to enhance their respiratory muscles. ANCOVA test was used to process the pre-tests of two groups. Results: Following 8 weeks of IMT, the findings indicate a considerable improvement in MVV. Conclusion: An eight-week IMT has the potential to improve MVV.
Abstract: This research attempts to identify the requirements of the learning process in methods of teaching subject for the students of faculty of education/ Soran University-Kurdistan region/ Iraq. Requirements of the students are important matters that the curriculum developers must take into consideration when developing the topics of the academic subjects, which will be decided to be taught to students who are supposed to learn and benefit from it in their future careers, as the curricula must be based on Students' needs, tendencies, interests, and readiness to assure their needs and developing their tendency to achieve success in their professional lives. University is one of the important stages in that students learn knowledge, experiences, and facts, acquire skills, attitudes, and values through its various faculties, by studying the materials they provide. The sample of the research consisted of (30) fourth-stage students (Male and Female) randomly chosen at the faculty of Education / Soran University who studied methods of teaching the subject at the third stage from the scientific and humanities departments. The data have been collected using a questionnaire consisting of (25) items. The results of this research show that lecturers of the faculty of education in different departments must identify students’ needs and work to fulfill students' educational requirements to increase their motivation to learn the subject and prepare qualified professional teachers, psychologically, educationally, and socially to be able to practice the profession of actual teaching in schools successfully
Abstract: The researchers dealt with the importance of learning using direct play exercise, since it is a new and modern scientific foundation through which the process of linking the technique of the skillful performance of the tennis overhand serve and the receive to the direct play exercises. This could create an environment close to the actual play in learning motor skills in volleyball. The research aims to set direct play exercises within a learning program imitating the reality of actual play, detect the effects of direct playing exercises on learning the technical performance of the overhand serve and the receive in volleyball.The researchers used the experimental method for it is convenient to the nature of the research. The research community consists of 64 female students from the second-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at University of Mosul for the academic year 2021-2022. The sample included 26 female students, divided at random by lot into two groups, the experimental groups, with13 subjects and the control group with 13 subjects. The researchers had set a combination direct play exercises and linked to the skills in question. the sample is subjected to a learning program of the skills in question
Abstract: The study aimed to :-Preparing rebound (strength and speed) exercises on inclined surfaces for young volleyball players.- Detecting the effect of the rebound strength and speed styles on inclined surfaces on a number of physical variables for young volleyball players.- Detecting the significance of the differences between the post-tests of the two research groups.The researchers used the experimental method by designing two equal groups to suit the nature of the research. The research community included all the (3) volleyball clubs in Nineveh Governorate, and the researchers chose the research sample in a deliberate way from the players of Sinjar Youth Sports Club in volleyball for the sports season 2021/2022, which numbered (14) players, So that they were divided by lottery into the two groups according to each specialization by (6) players for each group. The researchers concluded the following:- The rebound strength and speed exercises on inclined surfaces has achieved a positive development in all physical variables for young volleyball players.- There is no significant difference between the (force and speed) styles of regression on inclined surfaces in the post test for both groups.upon the conclusions, the researchers offer a number of recommendations:- Emphasis on coaches using rebound strength and speed exercises on inclined surfaces in their training programs for its effectiveness in developing physical variables different for young volleyball players.- The possibility of conducting similar studies on different age groups and for both sexes.
Abstract: The aim of the research is to:• Learn the significance of the differences in gas exchange variables (volume of oxygen consumed (V̇O2), volume of carbon dioxide (V̇CO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), metabolic equivalent (METs)) when moving from rest to an aerobic exercise of increasing intensity in children Age (10-12) years.The researchers assumed the following:• The presence of statistically significant differences in the gas exchange variables (volume of oxygen consumed (V̇O2), volume of carbon dioxide (V̇CO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), metabolic equivalent (METs)) when moving from rest to an increased intensity aerobic exercise Children . The two researchers used the descriptive method for its suitability and the nature of the study. As for the research sample, it consisted of (10) children of (12-10) years in (Al-Jawadin) primary school from Al-Diwaniyah governorate. The final experiment was conducted under a moderate temperature condition (22 ± 1 ° C) and humidity. Ranging (20-30%) at rest and during physical exertion. The experiment was carried out in the physiological laboratory at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Al-Qadisiyah University.The two researchers concluded:• The intensity gradient of aerobic physical exertion would cause a significant increase in the transition from rest to the air voltage phase, from the air voltage phase to the anaerobic threshold phase, and from the anaerobic threshold phase to the maximum oxygen consumption phase in all gaseous exchange variables (volume of oxygen consumed) V̇O2), volume of carbon dioxide (V̇CO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), metabolic equivalent (METs)).
Abstract: ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that can take a chronic course. Treatment options include medication and verbal psychotherapy, but these can have limited effects in the most affected patients. Sport therapy may provide a mean of improving mental health among people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to examine the therapeutic efficacy of sport therapy on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) of the inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia.SUBJECTS AND METHODSThe study was conducted in AL RASHAD hospital in the city of BAGHADAD for 6 month. It is a single blind randomized controlled trial. 100 male patients between the age of 18-59 years with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM-5 criteria for at least 2 years duration prior to the beginning of the study were included. RESULTSThe total PANSS scores for the study group were significantly lower than those for the controls group, comparisons also showed that sport therapy affords significant advantages on general psychosocial functioning CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION Sport participation may result in reduced psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, less relapse and less consuming of different antipsychotic medications.
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