Authors:Deniz ŞİMŞEK; Semra BIDIL, Caner ÖZBÖKE Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the changes in performance duration during motor tasks, which includes the cognitive cues (cue and mixed cue) of elite badminton athletes. The reaction time of 20 Turkish U-19 badminton national team athletes, 10 males (Mage=17.13±1.45) and 10 females (Mage=16.43±1.40) were determined by The FitLight Trainer™. Significant differences were found in favor of cue and mixed cue protocols for male badminton athletes (p<0.05). Cue and mixed cue protocols are completed faster than the random protocol for female badminton players (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that elite badminton athletes perform postural control adjustments automatically during the motor task. They require minimal less cognitive effort than they need to be minimally considered. PubDate: Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Neşe ALKAN; Tolga AKIŞ Abstract: Accurate perception of time is vital in some athletic activities such as free-diving performance. The exact mechanisms underlying the correct estimation of long intervals using different time estimation paradigms are still an issue to be solved in psychology. To this end, in the current study, by using a prospective paradigm, examined top-down and bottom-up predictors of 25, 50, and 75 seconds of apnea durations. Eleven free-diving athletes performed the target apnea estimations in two experimental conditions: apnea in the air and immersed apnea. In line with our integrative perspective, we obtained heart rate values, attentional control capacities, and affectivity states of the participants, and analyzed the relationship of these with the directional errors of three target apnea estimations. A series of within-participants analyses found the following: first, the heart-rate alone is not the only factor influencing time estimation during long intervals; second, attentional capacity and positive affect contributed to the accuracy of time estimation in a non-constant fashion; third, these three variables affected the accuracy of time estimation differently according to the modality and the duration of the target interval; and fourth, the participants were most accurate in estimating the time during 75s of apnea in the immersed condition. PubDate: Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Mehmet Gören KÖSE; Berkay OTUZBİROĞLU, Ayşe KİN İŞLER Abstract: TThe aim of this study was to determine the internal and external load responses of football referees during the match. Seven amateur referees (Age: 24.44±2.35 years; Height: 181.31±4.79 cm; Body Weight: 74.97±4.63 kg; Experience: 3.86±0.37 years) participated in this study and sixty-two matches from five different categories were evaluated. Internal and external load data were monitored using heart rate (HR) monitors with a global positioning system (GPS) for the referees during the match. For internal load evaluation, HR data in 5 relative categories (HR<%65, HR%65-75, HR%75-85, HR%85-95, HR>95), peak HR (%HRpeak), and mean HR (%HRmean) during the matches were used. The external load data were determined as total distance (TD), average speed (Speedaverage), maximal speed (Speedmax) and 5 different speed categories (Speed≤3,6, Speedu3,6-7,2, Speed7,2-13,0, Speed13,0-18,0, Speed ≥18,0) during the matches. Referees' internal and external load data were analyzed according to 6 periods, 1st and 2nd halves. The paired sample t-test was used for the differences between the halves, and Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measures (ANOVA) was used to determine differences between periods. Internal load analysis results showed that %HRmean, %HRpeak and HR%85-95 values in the 1st half were higher than the 2nd half, on the other hand, HR%65-75 in the 2nd half was higher than the 1st half (p<0.05). When the external load data were evaluated, the 1st half TD, Speedaverage, Speed7,2-13,0 values were higher than the 2nd half, and it was determined that the Speed≤3,6 2nd half values were higher than the 1st half (p<0.05). When the general evaluation is made according to the match periods, it was determined that the external load in the 1st period and the internal load in the 3rd period showed clear differences compared to the other periods. In conclusion, this study showed that referees are exposed to high internal and external loads like football players and in addition, these loads differ according to periods and halves of the match. PubDate: Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Duygu KARADAĞ; F. Hülya AŞÇI Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of goal orientation and the motivational climate created by the coach in the determination of dual career competencies of athletes from Achievement Goal Approach perspective. The study was also examining sex and sport experiences differences in dual career competencies. A total of 404 (Mage=15.28±1.49) student-athletes including 194 girls (Mage=15.09±1.53), 210 boys (Mage=15.46±1.44) voluntarily participated in the study. “Personal Information Form”, “Dual Career Competency Questionnaire”, “Perception of Success Questionnaire”, “Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaires” were administered to participants. Hierarchical Regression Analysis indicated that task orientation and empowering motivational climate created by the coach predicted dual career competencies (p<0.05). In addition, ego orientation was negative predictor of emotional awareness (β=-0.16, p<0.01) and social intelligence and adaptation (β=-0.13, p<0.05) competencies. However, disempowering motivational climate was not predictor of dual career competencies (p>0.05). Independent t-test results revealed only significant sex differences in emotional awareness competency (t(373)=3.43; p<0.05). No significant sport experiences differences were obtained in dual career competencies (p>0.05). It can be concluded that task orientation and supportive motivational climate created by the coach have a role in determining dual career competencies and dual career competency of the athletes differ with regard to sex. PubDate: Tue, 11 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +030
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