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- Development of Footwork Skill Test Instrument for Junior Badminton Players
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Septian Williyanto Reshandi Nugraha Wildan Alfia Nugroho Herman Subarjah Sandey Tantra Paramitha Ahmad Hamidi Badruzaman Adiska Rani Ditya Candra Soegiyanto Hermawan Pamot Raharjo Donny Wira Yudha Kusuma Sri Wicahyani and Agus Wiyanto This study aims to develop a valid and reliable footwork skill test instrument to measure the skills of junior badminton players. The research method used is the research and development method. The steps in this study refer to the development research model (Borg & Gall, 1983) which includes Research and Information Collecting, Planning, Develop Preliminary Form of Product, Preliminary Field Testing, Main Product Revision, Main Field Testing, Operational Product Revision, Operational Field Testing, Final Product Revision, Dissemination and Implementation. The results of the research product are in the form of a valid and reliable footwork test instrument as a measure of the footwork skills of junior badminton players. Based on the opinions of expert practitioners, academics, and badminton coaches who assess the validity of the instrument, a "very good" score is produced. While the reliability of the instrument used statistical data tests involving a sample of badminton players, resulting in a high score. So it can be concluded that the footwork test instrument product developed for junior badminton players shows the category "good and suitable for use as a footwork test instrument".
PubDate: May 2023
- The Effect of Warm-Up Activities in Game-Based Physical Education on
Increasing Student Pulse
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Gugun Gunawan Hidayat Humaid Junaidi Firmansyah Dlis Sumbara Hambali Muslimin and Aprizal Fikri Warming up is an activity that must be done at the beginning whenever someone wants to do sports activities. Without good warm-up, it is feared that it will be bad for the body when doing sports. This study aims to determine the influence of warm-up activities in game-based physical education learning. The research subjects involved 35 grade V elementary school students. The research method uses experiments with its research design using one group pretest posttest design. The forms of play are given as many as 10 series of activities and tests using pulse measurements for 1 minute, carried out at the time before the game activity is given and after the game activity is given. The results of the study obtained that of the 10 kinds of play forms in the warm-up, all of them had a significant influence on increasing the pulse. This is evidenced by the results of effectiveness testing using paired sample t-test analysis using SPSS IBM 26 where a Sig. (2-tailed) score was obtained by 0.000 < 0.05. It is hoped that physical education teachers must be more creative in providing every material to be studied, starting from the preliminary stage, core activities to closing activities.
PubDate: May 2023
- Plyometric Exercise and Speed on the Power of Sabit Kick in Pencak Silat
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Albadi Sinulingga Ahmad Muchlisin Natas Pasaribu Sabaruddin Yunis Bangun Desy Tya Maya Ningrum and Yafi Velyan Mahyudi The purpose of this study was to determine the changes during plyometric exercises on sickle kicks. The research method used was an experimental study conducted for 8 weeks. The research design is to compare the plyometric standing jump (A1), box drill (A2), and depth jump (A3) training methods with the speed factor (B) in increasing kick power. The instrument for measuring the explosive power of the leg muscles is a punching pad. A total of 25 male participants were selected based on their qualifications for this study. The participants performed sickle kicks three times with each different media. Activities are recorded using a camera with video results and instruments that have been formed. The results show that plyometric standing jump, box drill, and depth jump exercises can increase the explosive power of sickle kicks in pencak silat athletes. In addition to the plyometric training factor, there is a speed variable that can also affect kick power. In this case, it can be interpreted that the three plyometric training methods can be used to increase the explosive power of the leg muscles. This study found that the standing jump training method was better or superior to the box drill and depth jump. However, in general, these three methods can increase the explosive power of the leg muscles with the exercise program applied. This can be seen in the program's training results, which lasted for 8 weeks, showing that the standing jump training method is superior to box drills and depth jumps in increasing kick power.
PubDate: May 2023
- Norm-Referenced Standard for Pre-Assessment of Sensory Perception in
Children with Autism for Participation in Therapeutic Horseback Riding
Activities
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Fatin Aqilanajwa Adenan Kamaruzaman Soeed Nur Fadilah Darmansah and Izwyn Zulkapri Therapeutic horseback riding (THR) is undoubtedly beneficial for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) because it stimulates the rider's senses. However, it is important to consider the risk of injury associated with THR activities. Safety concerns may arise from the nature of the horse as a herd animal and the challenges associated with autism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a pre-assessment of sensory perception with norm-referenced standards for ASD children as a pre-requisite for participation in THR activities. The pre-assessment was developed based on the learning pyramid. Children (n=33) aged 5 to 12 years with diagnosed ASD were selected as participants. Data indicate that a minimum score of 23 out of 27 must be achieved for tactile and vestibular perception, while a minimum score of 19 out of 24 must be achieved for proprioception and auditory perception. The passing score is determined by a norm-referenced standard, which is the calculated mean and standard deviation (Tactile: M=26.4, SD=1.3; Vestibular: M=26.6, SD=1.2; Proprioception: M=22.4, SD=1.3; Auditory: M=22.6, SD=1.4). This norm-referenced standard for pre-assessment is an important early stage of assessment and a key resource for supporting and directing instructors, health professionals and the community.
PubDate: May 2023
- The Effect of Circuit and Strength Training on the Leg Power in Female
Basketball Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Sigit Nugroho Faza Annasai Sumarjo Novita Intan Arovah and Duwi Kurnianto Pambudi The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the types of exercise training (free weight vs. resistance band) and athletes' initial leg power levels (high vs. low) and the interaction between the types of exercises and athletes' initial power levels on the leg strength. The study was an experimental study with a two-by-two factorial design involving 20 female basketball athletes. Leg muscle strength was measured with a leg and back dynamometer, and leg power was measured with a vertical jump. Two-way ANOVA was used in the data analysis technique, followed by simple effect analyses using Tukey HSD when the interaction effect was significant. The findings indicated significant main effects of exercise types and power levels. However, the main effects were superseded by a statistically significant interaction effect between exercise types and power levels (F(16, 1) = [16.133], p = [0.001). Resistance training outperformed free-weight training in improving leg strength among athletes with high leg power levels. In contrast, free-weight training was better than resistance training in improving leg strength among athletes with low leg power levels. The exercise training for improving leg strength, therefore, should consider initial power levels.
PubDate: May 2023
- Analysis of Biomechanical Parameters on IL_EO and 1L_EC Tests on 10-14
Years Old Players of Tirana FC
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Aida Bendo Lindita Agolli and Agron Kasa Equilibrium is described as the ability to maintain the body's position within its base of support. Often the equilibrium is measured from the use of the force plate and the excursion of the center of the pressure (COP), whose shift presents a target point energetically cost, to maintain the equilibrium. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of proprioception training in improving the balance conditions. The measurements were performed on the licensed force platform in a group of children aged 10-14, who are the players of Tirana football club. The study period includes three phases: the first phase initial, the second phase 24 weeks and the third phase 12 weeks. The frequency of exercises is three times a week, with duration of 60 minutes for every session, following the proprioceptive training program. Subjects performed balance tests in two different conditions: one leg open eyes (1LEO) and one leg closed eyes (1LEC). The equilibrium parameters are analyzed through the statistical package SPSS version 20. Data were analyzed using t-test, which showed statistically significant changes at major biomechanical variables, in one of the most important disciplines of motor skills such as balance. The results confirmed the need to develop balance exercises to improve the quality of life in other psychological and emotional dimensions. The results showed that equilibrium variables increased after proprioception training, while the sway index and sway area decreased. The differences in equilibrium variables showed a significant result of p < 0.050. In conclusion, proprioception training was very effective in reducing sway indexes at athletes, in order to improve and increase their balance condition and sport performances. The results of this study expect to be useful for athletes, coaches, and sport teams and all subjected engaged to physical activity and education.
PubDate: May 2023
- South Sulawesi's Padduppa Dance: Improving Physical Fitness for the
Elderly
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Andi Muhammad Aswan Firmansyah Dlis Johansyah Lubis Junaidi Hidayat Humaid Widiastuti James Tangkudung Asmawi and Aprizal Fikri The existence of the aging process causes a decline in work performance and a decrease in physical capacity in the elderly, and to prove the effectiveness of traditional dance gymnastics at the social services of South Sulawesi was a research goal. The subjects in this study were 50 elderly people divided into 25 pare pare (n = 01) people and 25 tendri abbeang (n = 02). The experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design was used. The experimental group (01) performed traditional gymnastic exercises with a frequency of 6 times a week for 1 month. The control group (02) did daily activities without regular (conventional) treatment with the same frequency as the experimental group. The first instrument in this study was body composition/BMI with the ATmega16 microcontroller, the second instrument was the pulmonary endurance fitness test with ROCPORT and the third instrument was the pulse test describing arterial frequency, with a frequency of exercise 6 times per week with an intensity of 60%-90% of HRR or 50%-85%voMAX with a duration of 30 minutes. The results of data analysis showed that there was an increase (n = 01) higher than (n = 02), which obtained an average pre-test of 3.06 and a post-test of 4.02 with a standard deviation of 9,272 and 9,129. The mean pre and post test showed 0.962, and the mean of both was positive, meaning that there was a tendency to increase the fitness level after and before treatment with the mean showing the number 0.962. In the t-test with a significance level of 0.05, Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000. This value has indicated that H0 is rejected because the p-value Sig. (2- tailed) < 0.05. It can be said that Padduppa traditional dance-based physical fitness exercises are effective and significant in increasing the level of physical fitness of the elderly.
PubDate: May 2023
- The Main Physical Factors in the Serve Accuracy of Wheelchair Tennis
Players
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Abdul Alim Cerika Rismayanthi Wahyu Dwi Yulianto and Yulvia Miftachurochmah The purpose of this study is to identify physical factors related to the serve accuracy in Yogyakarta wheelchair tennis players (WT). Method: This research is a quantitative study using correlation analysis conducted by field test. The participants were the best wheelchair tennis athletes with seven men and three women 156-167± cm, weight 50-70± kg, age 31-35. Each athlete performed neuromuscular tests consisting of: isometric handgrip strength; serve accuracy (Hewitt test); sprint tests 5m, 10m and 20m (using and not using rackets); agility (using and not using rackets); medicine ball throw (serve, forehand and backhand movement); and endurance test specific to WT. Results: The highest correlation was found from medicine ball throw serve (p = 0.001; r = 0.874), forehand (p = 0.004; r = 0.811) and backhand (p = 0.013; r = 0.747), medicine ball throw showed a positive correlation with serve accuracy. The physical parameters of the medicine ball throw can explain 100% of the service accuracy level (Nagelkerke R Square = 1.00) and have a percentage of being correct 100% through the logistic regression test classification table. Conclusion: It is recommended that coaches and physical trainers incorporate medical ball throwing exercises into the training program of WT players due to benefits of transferring serve accuracy.
PubDate: May 2023
- Emotional Intelligence: A Review of Student-Athletes at Physical Education
Program
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Dian Pujianto Yahya Eko Nopiyanto Bayu Insanistyo Yarmani Syafrial Tono Sugihartono and Ibrahim The student-athletes of the physical education study program at Bengkulu University felt great emotional pressure. They were burdened with competing when they faced the opponent athletes from certain big campuses that had great achievements in sports. This feeling makes them feel afraid of losing the match. As athletes, the students must be able to overcome the emotional stress. So, they must have emotional intelligence. Moreover, the emotional intelligence of athletes in the physical education study program at the University of Bengkulu is needed to be researched. So, the purposes of this study are: 1) to determine the level of emotional intelligence of athletes in the physical education study program at the University of Bengkulu, and 2) to differentiate the emotional intelligence of athletes based on the sports where they participate in. To achieve the research objectives, a quantitative descriptive research method was used. A total of 109 student-athletes in the physical education study program at Bengkulu University were included in this study. The athletes are from 16 branches of sport athletics, weight lifting, wrestling, football, badminton, gymnastics, karate, basketball, volleyball, futsal, tae kwon do, Takraw, swimming, Pencak silat, table tennis, and hockey. The instrument was an Emotional Intelligence Self-Assessment questionnaire with a Likert scale. The data was analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The results of the study show that: 1) the level of emotional intelligence of student-athletes is in the high category. Student-athletes from wrestling had the highest level of emotional intelligence. Student-athletes in badminton, Tae Kwon Do, Takraw, swimming, and hockey had moderate levels. 2) There is no difference in the emotional intelligence of athletes based on the sports they participate in. The results of this study contribute to coaches determining the level of emotional intelligence of their athletes.
PubDate: May 2023
- Development of Educational-Based Psychosocial Resilience Model Guidelines
for Student Survival in New Normative Routines
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Abd Rahim Mohd Shariff Saeed Javed Norsilawati Abdul Razak and Nur Haziyanti Mohamad Khalid This study aims to review student-athletes resilience power, coping power, and protective power in surviving the new norm routine in Malaysia. Aspects of the resilience dimension include self-confidence, self-discipline, self-ability, self-control, and self-determination. In addition, this study also aims to identify whether there are differences in resilience and coping dimensions based on some demographic factors. Both aspects of the survey, namely the level of resilience and coping, identify this difference obtained from data collected through questionnaires. The study sample consisted of school students in Malaysia. A total of 190 study samples were randomly selected. This study uses a quantitative approach. The findings of the study through exploratory analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the structure of four factors: self-confidence, self-discipline, self-ability, and self-control. Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that the scale items formed four factors related to higher coping. The structure turns out to be stable over different age groups. The study's implications showed the need for exposure to Co-Curriculum education patterns and social support applied directly in increasing the protective power against challenges for student-athletes.
PubDate: May 2023
- The Role of Optimism in the Emotion Regulation of Athletes with
Disabilities
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Miftakhul Jannah Rachman Widohardhono Noraya Rahma Makiko Ima Fitri Sholichah and Rifa Hidayah Athletes with disabilities require emotional regulation in their performances. Optimism is thought to play a role in emotional regulation. This study aims to determine the contribution of optimism to the emotional regulation of athletes with disabilities. This correlational quantitative study was conducted involving 69 athletes with disabilities in Surabaya, Indonesia. Participants aged 14–57 (mean 29.9; SD 12.04) were grouped into categories of physical disability, intellectual disability, and sensory disability. The instruments used in this study were the optimistic scale and the Indonesian Emotion Regulation Questionnaires for Sport. Jeffreys's Amazing Statistics Program software was used to analyze the data using linear regression. The results showed that there was an optimistic contribution of 68.1% to emotional regulation in athletes with disabilities. Through optimism, athletes with disabilities are able to have positive responses, so emotional regulation is good. This affects the sports performance of athletes with disabilities. The implication of this research is to provide assistance so that athletes with disabilities have high optimism, good emotional regulation, and optimal sports performance.
PubDate: May 2023
- The Effect of Small Side Games and Coordination Trainings on the Aerobic
Endurance Ability of Male Futsal Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Yulvia Miftachurochmah Tomoliyus Endang Rini Sukamti Ratna Budiarti Risti Nurfadhila Enggista Hendriko Delano and Inas Gita Amalia Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of small-sided games (SSG) and coordination training (CT) on male futsal players. Design/methodology/approach: This was a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design. The study population included 18 male futsal athletes determined by ordinal pairing. The sample was divided into two groups: the first group conducted the small-sided games and the second group conducted the coordination training. The research instrument applied in this study was the Yoyo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 to measure aerobic endurance (VO2 max). The researchers conducted a paired t-test to determine whether the experimental group's pre- and post-test scored differently. Results: The results of the aerobic endurance ability analysis using the small-sided games method produced a t-count of 3.926 with a probability p = 0.004 < 0.05, indicating a significant result. While the coordination training method produced a t-count of 2.468 with a probability p = 0.039 < 0.05, also indicating a significant result. Conclusion: The small-sided games and coordination training methods could improve aerobic endurance. However, the small-sided games proved to be more effective and efficient in improving the aerobic endurance ability of male futsal players.
PubDate: May 2023
- Bibliometric Analysis of Anxiety and Athlete in the Last Decade
Abstract: Publication date: May 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 3 Sukiri Ayu Purnama Wenly Ramdan Pelana and Yasep Setiakarnawijaya This article provides an empirical review of anxiety concerning athletes around the world. To identify and measure the determinants of anxiety disorders experienced by athletes based on the level of competition, type of sport (team or individual) and gender. The type of research is bibliometric analysis, to explore and analyze amounts of scientific data about anxiety and athletes. The extracted articles were Scopus-indexed articles stored in publish or perish software between 2012-2022, totaling 196 articles that matched the keywords. Moreover, the VOSviewer software was used to explore and analyze data. The results of the bibliometric analysis of these articles highlight the exponential increase in anxiety in athletes in scientific production in the last decade, with the thematic and temporal separation of the concepts studied. This article summarizes the author's interest in relevant topics, about anxiety and athletes in the last 10 years by looking at the highest levels of scientific production and the most citations in the big blocks: (1) athlete anxiety in sports; (2) athlete depression in sports; and (3) athlete competition anxiety. This article spanning a decade provided evidence for evolution and paved the way for researchers seeking alternative visions of the relationship between athlete anxiety, depression and competition. The determinants of anxiety in athletes broadly reflect differences in anxiety based on type of sports, competitive level and experience, and gender.
PubDate: May 2023
- The Effect of Zig-Zag Dribbling and Triangle Dribbling on Futsal Skills
for U13 Athlete Using Video
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Arsil Heru Setiawan Ardo Okilanda Nurul Ihsan Anton Komaini Muhammad Fakhrur Rozi Yogi Arnaldo and Aprizal Fikri One of the reasons in conducting this study is that the game of futsal demands a lot of mastery of ball management skills. One of the basic techniques that must be mastered is dribbling. This study aimed to get the effect of video on zig-zag dribbling and triangle dribbling mastery for futsal game. Dribbling has the main role in futsal skills. While the approach of study used is experimentally by factorial group design 2x2 categories. The participants of the study are athletes aged 13 from futsal club at Bengkulu. There are 22 athletes for experiment class and control class. They are taken from 6 Futsal clubs in Bengkulu. Data validity used internal and external controls. The data analysis technique used two-way ANOVA analysis and if an interaction occurs, it is followed by a Dunnett t-test. The results of the study concluded that there was a different mastery of the dribbling zig-zag and triangle techniques through the video practice process that was applied using zoom or YouTube. This result concluded that video call using zoom is better than YouTube and offline meeting. The average score of dribbling training used the zig zag dribbling was 85 and those who trained using triangle dribbling were 72.85. Creativity in designing the video provides athletes with different concepts of mastery of futsal dribbling techniques.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The BMB3 Approach in Tarung Derajat Martial Arts Training: Mastery of
BMB3, Basic Technical Skills, and Good Character
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Alnedral Mohad Anizu Mohd Noor Umar Nurul Ihsan Anton Komaini Deby Tri Mario Desi Purnama Sari and Nissa Aldani Basic technical skills and psychological factors are important indicators in the Tarung Derajat martial arts. These factors must be trained in an effective approach so that the athlete's performance during the match increases. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the BMB3 approach in Tarung Derajat martial arts training in relation to mastery of BMB3, basic technical skills, and good character of athletes. The basic principle of this approach is that athletes are asked to analyze each activity (think), believe what they think (feel), do what is conceptualized (act), and understand what is being done (responsibility). This research is a true experiment with a two-group pretest-post-test control group design. A total of 80 male athletes from Tarung Derajat in West Sumatra, Indonesia were recruited for the study sample. 40 of them were for the experimental group (BMB3 approach), and the other 40 were for the control group (without BMB3/conventional approach). The data were obtained through tests of basic technical skills in punches and kicks, then a questionnaire for BMB3 mastery and good character. Data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance. The results showed that the experimental group was better than the control group, in mastering BMB3, improving basic technical skills, and building good character (p
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Positive Impact of Small-Sided Games Training on VO2 max and Passing
Accuracy in Futsal Players
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Zanzabil Adwa Fitrian Ali Satia Graha Ahmad Nasrulloh and Mirza Asmara This study aims to determine the influence and effectiveness of small-sided game exercises on the increase in VO2 max and passing accuracy. This research was carried out at the Borneo Indoor Futsal Banjarmasin field from June to July. The treatment was given 15 times with a frequency of 3 times a week. One group pretest-posttest is used as a design in this study. The population recruited by the researchers was futsal players at SMAN 1 Banjarmasin. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for a sample of 16 individuals. This study utilized a multistage fitness test with a validity of 0.408 and reliability of 0.875 to measure VO2 max and a lowball passing test with a test validity of 0.710 and reliability of 0.703 to determine passing accuracy. SPSS is utilized for data analysis procedures, including normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis testing. Normality and homogeneity data from this investigation also indicated that distribution is normal and homogeneous (sig.> 0.05). The results of hypothesis testing show a significance value of 0.000
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Relationship between Physical Activity, Stress and Sleep Quality and
Emotional Intelligence
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Endang Sepdanius Suci Kristian Harefa Pudia M Indika Hastria Effendi Muhamad Sazeli Rifki and Rini Afriani This research aims to determine the correlation between physical activity, stress and sleep quality with Emotional Intelligence (EI). This type of research is quantitative correlational research. The population in this research were students at the Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Padang. 100 students participated in this research agreed to be the sample. The data in this research were obtained by the instruments distributed in the form of a questionnaire. The variables in this research were physical activity using the IPAQ questionnaire instrument, stress using the DASS questionnaire, sleep quality using the PSQI questionnaire instrument and EI using the WLEIS questionnaire instrument. The analytical technique used was inferential statistical analysis with the Spearman rank test. The results of hypothesis testing showed that, (1) There was a significant positive correlation between physical activity and EI (0.029 < 0.05). (2) There was a significant negative correlation between stress and EI (0.008 0.05). This research showed that there was an interrelated correlation between physical activity, stress and sleep quality on EI. However, there was no significant correlation between physical activity and sleep quality. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain the quality of physical activity in order to avoid stress so as to get good sleep quality and maintain EI.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Effectiveness of the Weight Training Method and Rest Interval on VO2
max, Flexibility, Muscle Strength, Muscular Endurance, and Fat Percentage
in Students
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Rina Yuniana Tomoliyus BM Wara Kushartanti Ahmad Nasrulloh Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama Maziah Mat Rosly Manil Karakauki and Syed Kamaruzaman Syed Ali This study aims to examine the effectiveness of weight training methods and rest interval, maximum oxygen volume, flexibility, muscle strength, muscular endurance, and fat percentage in students. It employed a quasi-experimental design with 40 male undergraduate students as a sample divided into 4 groups. The instruments used the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT), sit and reach test, sit-ups, push-ups, leg and back dynamometer, and Omron karada scan body composition. The data analysis technique used the normality test, homogeneity test, and box test followed by hypothesis testing using multivariate analysis (MANOVA) with 22 factorial analysis. The results of the Multivariate Test calculations showed all groups had significant improvements of p
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Motor Cognitive Coordination Training (MCCT) Program: Improving
Concentration Ability for Beginner Tennis
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Gumilar Mulya Anggi Setia Lengkana Resty Agustryani Didik Purwanto Razali Mia Rosalina and Dede Nurodin Tennis requires coordination and concentration. Concentration is a very important component in improving achievement, because concentration is the ability to focus one's attention in a relatively long period of time. This ability must be possessed by individuals because concentration will affect a person's cognitive abilities. If a person's concentration is high, his cognitive abilities will also be high. One of the causes of someone experiencing concentration problems is because the person likes to daydream excessively. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the motor cognitive coordination training (MCCT) program could improve the concentration ability of beginner tennis players. The method used was the experimental method. The research subjects were novice tennis athletes in Tasikmalaya, totaling thirty-seven people. The age range of the participants ranged from 11-16 years. As a result, it is proven that the implementation of the MCCT program provides good effectiveness for increasing the concentration of beginner tennis athletes. This is supported by the results of the significance test with the P-value of the paired sample t-test of 0.001
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Analogical and Diversification of Anthropometric and Motor Performance
Characteristics among Female Universities Soccer Players in Ghana
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Mensah Kwabena Timothy Moses Monday Omoniyi and Deku Prince De-Gualle There are uneven academic sports policies and sociocultural diversities in Ghana. While academic sports policies and sociocultural diversities often call for acclimatization of athletes, scarce research on the analogical and diversification anthropometric and motor performance characteristics restricts decision-making policy on female soccer participation. This study presents the analogical and diversifications of the anthropometric and motor performance characteristics among the university female soccer athletes. The cross-sectional study had 44 female athletes from topmost universities with mean age of 21.54±1.79 years and playing experience of 6.75±1.51 years. Leg length, thigh girth, calf girth, upper arm length, forearm length, upper arm girth, chest girth, finger span, speed, leg power, abdominal strength, agility, flexibility, upper body strength, distant kick, dribbling, and accuracy were measured, compared among institutions, and with international normative values (INV). There was no significant difference in all characteristics except abdominal strength (P = .000), distant kick (P = .009), thigh girth (P = .003), and calf girth (P = .002). When compared to INV, there was significant difference in all characteristics except the upper arm length (p= .587), forearm length (p= .734), and agility (p= .479). This study suggests that female soccer players in all the topmost universities in Ghana are equally good sports potentials for national recruitment.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Validity and Reliability of Table Tennis Performance Measuring Eye-Hand
Coordination
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Bandi Utama Tomoliyus Sridadi Hary Widodo and Nevita Ariani The ability of eye-hand coordination is needed in table tennis performance. Therefore, measuring the eye-hand coordination of table tennis performance is necessary. This study aimed to develop a measuring instrument for table tennis eye coordination and test its validity and reliability. This study uses mixed methods - data collection using the Delphi technique and test-retest. The participants were three academic experts, four table tennis professional experts, and fourteen table tennis athletes. This research instrument uses a questionnaire with a rating scale of one to four, namely very relevant, relevant, less relevant, and irrelevant. It uses a measuring instrument for hand-eye coordination. Data analysis used Aiken's formula, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and Cronbach Alpha. The results of this study that measuring eye-hand coordination of table tennis performance show the first aspect: the suitability of the coordination concept has a value of V = 0.952, the second aspect: the suitability of the number of stimuli has a value of V = 0.857, the third aspect: the suitability of distance has a value of V = 0.952, the fourth aspect: the suitability of the movement has a value of V = 0.857, the fifth aspect: the suitability of the test procedure has a value of V = 0.857. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) test has a value of 0.875. The reliability test has a value of 0.891. Based on these results, the eye-hand coordination measuring instrument has content validity and high reliability. Therefore, the eye-hand coordination measuring instrument can be used to measure table tennis performance.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Massage Has the Potential to Accelerate Recovery and Decrease Muscle
Soreness after Physical Exercise (Literature Review)
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi Nurhasan Endang Sri Wahjuni Novadri Ayubi Heryanto Nur Muhammad Nining Widyah Kusnanik and Anton Komaini Physical exercise can cause fatigue, resulting in a decrease in muscle work efficiency. This study aimed to analyze the potential of massage to accelerate recovery through a literature review. This type of research is a literature review. Article searches were carried out using a comprehensive strategy in research journal databases such as Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Pubmed. The keywords used are massage, physical exercise, muscle pain, inflammatory response, and recovery. The inclusion criteria are journals that discuss sports massage, physical exercise, muscle pain, inflammatory response, and recovery after exercise. Furthermore, the exclusion criteria are journals published in the last 6 years from 2022. 30 articles were obtained, and 12 articles were analyzed based on the suitability of the topic, objectives, research protocol, and research results. Exercises performed at high intensity, especially with repetitive eccentric movements, will cause muscle damage, inflammation, and muscle pain. This review reports that physical intensity exercise that triggers muscle soreness has many advantages when massaged. This benefit is so beneficial in sports that the potential for the use of regular NSAIDs is reduced. In addition, massage has the potential to accelerate recovery, reduce pain intensity, and increase ROM and muscle strength after physical exercise. Therefore, we recommend that massage be used as an alternative to speed up recovery and reduce pain intensity after exercise.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Plyometric Stair Jump and Reaction Box Jump to Improve the Frequency of
Straight-forward Kicks in Pencak Silat Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 I Ketut Sudiana I Ketut Iwan Swadesi I Wayan Artanayasa Ni Luh Putu Tuti Ariani Ketut Chandra Adinata Kusuma and I Wayan Sumadita Pencak Silat basic technique mastery, either in art or fighting criteria, must be supported by ultimate physical condition. Straight-forward kick is one of the attacking modes that would be effective if supported by good leg muscle power. The objective of the study was to describe the plyometric training effectiveness on the straight-forward kick frequency. It was quasi-experiment research in which the samples were 30 junior male athletes of Pencak Silat. The 10-second straight-forward kick speed test was utilized as the instrument to determine the kick frequency. The researchers utilized paired t-test samples and One Way Anova with a significant score of p
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Relationship between Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction among
Omani Teachers
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Maya Alsulaimi Fonny Dameaty Hutagalung Syed Kamaruzaman Bin Syed Ali and Sumaia Mohammed Zaid Teachers' health habits can have an impact on their students. Despite this, few studies have been conducted to investigate teacher physical activity and its relationship to life satisfaction. The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased over the years. Among both genders, the age-adjusted prevalence of being overweight or obese is higher among Omani participants across time. This study looks into how physical activity relates to life satisfaction among Oman's teachers. Some 671 teachers (40.3% male; 59.7% female) aged 20-50 years took part in the survey. Participants were recruited using a Google form survey. SPSS statistical tools were used to analyse the collected data. According to the findings, Physical Activity has a significant positive correlation with life satisfaction. The findings also revealed that gender influenced Omani teacher life satisfaction, with female teachers having higher life satisfaction than males. This study found no significant differences in life satisfaction based on age or Body Mass Index (BMI). This study was intended for use in public schools. More research can be conducted in both private and public schools. In sum, health promotion professionals might develop plans to improve employee health status if they had a better grasp of impact of factors associated with physical activity participation. As a result, there will be improvement in worker life satisfaction, which is considered to be a cognitive component of subjective well-being.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Impact of Basic Motion Activities on Social Interaction in Elementary
School Students
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Rahma Dewi Indah Verawati Anto Sukamton Hikmad Hakim Erick Burhaein and Carla Cristina Vieira Lourenço Social interaction in elementary school students is one thing that must be considered. This is important considering that in learning in elementary schools there are still many learning systems that use a play approach. This study aims to see the impact of children's passive basic movement activities and reduce mastering basic movements as a provision for socializing in social life. The sample used in this study involved elementary school students in Medan City using a Purposive Sample with a total sample of 66 students by dividing into two groups with each group receiving a different treatment, group A 33 students, and group B 33 students. This study used randomized posttest-only control group designs. The instrument is a social interaction questionnaire (validity of 0.700 & reliability is 0.915). Data analysis is carried out in several stages, namely descriptive analysis, difference testing, and hypothesis testing. The results in this study show the value of t-count3,545 with Sig, 0,0020,05 Ho accepted. The conclusions of this study explain that there is an influence of basic motion activities on the development of social processes (associative) in elementary school students, but no influence of basic motion activities on the development of social processes (dissociative) in elementary school students. This research contributes to the need to continue in the form of developing basic movement activities to improve social interaction and other aspects.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- A Motion Analysis of Volleyball Open Spike: Kinematics and Performance
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Fajar Awang Irawan Dhias Fajar Widya Permana Limpad Nurrahmad Khoiril Anam Hadi Syahru Romadhoni and Dina Syarafina Ghassani The purpose of this study was to analyze the open spike motion to identify the performance of Semarang Elite Athletes. The open spike technique in volleyball is indispensable as an attacking strategy because it has a high potential to score. The type of research used is analytical research with a research method in the form of One Short Case Design. The population in this study consisted of 11 PORPROV 2022 athletes and was taken using total sampling. This research was carried out at the PBVSI (Indonesian Volleyball Federation) of Semarang City and each sample had signed an informed consent as evidence of approval for the research carried out. The data in this study were obtained from video recording analysis when the sample did an open spike by using Dartfish version 8.0. The results showed that the average time value achieved by volleyball athletes in Semarang was 1.01 seconds and the average impact was 0.57 seconds. This shows that the spike done by the athlete is quite effective. This study has limitations because it only measures kinematic data, so it is hoped that further research can be deepened by measuring kinetic data such as arm strength and leg muscle explosive power on the results of the open spike carried out.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- A Study on the Training Load, Recovery, and Game Performance among Telic
and Paratelic Basketball Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Kritika Khandelwal Bhawna Chahar and Pradeep Singh Chahar Telic and paratelic states of psychological wellbeing are differentiated by choice of goals. Training, load, and recovery of basketball players are solely dependent on the game's performance to a great extent. Background training is the best training needed to enhance the competitive advantage of the individual. In the working environment or in sports, money is responsible for acting as an external variable. If an individual is fond of earning money more than mental satisfaction, then it will be problematic for an individual to proceed with the best result. The primary quantitative analytic method has been considered for the research, which shows convenience sampling. IBM SPSS statistical analysis has been taken into consideration in this scenario. Four statistical steps have been conducted for this research: frequency distribution, correlation, linear regression and Cronbach alpha. The mean value indicates that frequency distribution has the highest value range in this context. The study is statistically significant because the value of Cronbach's alpha is 0.983, which shows a high level of internal consistency of variables.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Effect of Box Height on the Muscle Activity during the Bulgarian Split
Squat Exercise
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Jong Rak Park and Tae Ho Kim The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of box height on muscle activity of the ipsilateral erector spinae and gluteus maximus of the dominant leg during the Bulgarian split squat (BSS) exercise. A total of 21 healthy male participants were selected for this study. The participants repeated the Bulgarian split squat three times each on boxes of tibia height and half-tibia height. Surface EMG activity was recorded in the erector spinae and gluteus maximus for five seconds as the knees touched the mat and ascended during the Bulgarian split squat. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) calculated through the manual muscle test was used to normalize EMG activity. A paired sample t-test was conducted to evaluate the changes in the muscle activity of the erector spinae and gluteus maximus between box heights, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Although the EMG activity levels of the erector spinae and gluteus maximus were higher during BSS on a box of tibia height, the differences in muscle activity were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The muscle activity levels of the erector spinae and gluteus maximus were lower and similar, respectively, during Bulgarian split squat on a box of half-tibia height compared with a box of tibia height. Thus, it is recommended that BSS be conducted on boxes with shorter heights.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- General Preparatory Exercise Program Based on Android Tennis Sports
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Nurkadri Asep Suharta Indra Darma Sitepu Argubi Silwan Febry Hakim Nur Taufik Akbar Rizky Nursasongko Gunri and Muslimin This research explores the general preparatory physical exercise program using Android for Volta Club tennis players and students of sport science faculty, Universitas Negeri Medan. This research adopts the method of the research and development model Borg and Gall. The development procedure used includes several stages: 1) recognizing the content of the product being developed, 2) developing the initial product, 3) expert validation. The data analysis technique used in this study was done in two ways, namely quantitative and qualitative. In this article, the data used is only at the validation stage of material experts and media experts. Based on the results of the material expert validation regarding the product, it can be obtained as follows: assessment of the material aspect obtained 86.70 % (Very Feasible), the aspect of human resources for sports personnel obtained 96% (Very Feasible), the mechanism for implementing the physical exercise program was 90% (Very Feasible), and the overall percentage was obtained 95.4% (Very Worthy). Next is the assessment of media experts from various aspects: Display 72.2% (Decent), Coloring 77.7% (Very Decent), Images (Photos/videos) 80% (Decent), Fonts 80% (Very Decent), Menu 80% (Decent), Ease 73.3% (Eligible), and the usefulness of the 96% aspect of the media expert's assessment stated that the android-based general preparation physical exercise program application media was very feasible. The overall percentage obtained is 79% with a decent category.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- A Preliminary Psychometric Investigation of a Chinese Version of Athlete
Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ)
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Chuantong Jiang Norsilawati Abdul Razak and Nelfianty Mohd Rasyid Athlete engagement is one of the key indicators of athletes' positive psychology. It plays a crucial role in coping with burnout and disengagement, creating a flow experience, and improving their competitive ability and performance. In the last two decades, a mountain of literature has focused on engagement in different research settings. In the world of sports, the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ) has been proven to be a reliable instrument to access athletes' engagement at both amateur and elite levels. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of AEQ. The original English athlete engagement questionnaire was translated into Chinese using the method of back-translation for data collection. Subsequently, 379 samples were performed for data analysis, mainly focusing on confirmatory factor analysis to examine the four-factor and second-order factor structures of 16 items measuring athlete engagement. The results reproduced four components of AEQ, which included a total of 16 items. The instrument demonstrated acceptable composite reliability (.887 to .905) and convergent validity (> 0.5), except that the discriminant validity was slightly insufficient. The results showed that the Chinese version of AEQ as a second-order factor structure is better than the four-factor structure, that is, athlete engagement as an overarching construct composed of four factors: confidence, dedication, enthusiasm, and vigor. The findings offer a useful and reliable instrument for athlete engagement, which helps researchers better capture the experience and engagement of athletes in the Chinese sports context.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Controls Necessary to Activate the Role of Sports Academies in the
Selection of Team Sports Players
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Mustafa Issa Ali Al Ahmed and Ahmed K. Hassan This study aimed to identify the necessary controls to activate the role of sports academies in the selection of players of team sports (volleyball, basketball, handball, and football) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the style of survey studies, which was suitable to achieve the goal of the study; this approach describes an object, analyzes it, and extracts relevant facts. The study community comprises faculty members in the field of sports management and the training of team sports, coaches, and employees of the Saudi volleyball federations, basketball and handball, employees of private sports academies, and employees of the General Authority for Sports. The study sample was selected by the random class method and included (145) individuals. The primary tool for data collection was the analysis of documents, records, and questionnaires. One of the study's most important results was to identify the necessary controls to activate the role of sports academies in the selection of team sports players, including administrative controls, technical controls, legal and legislative controls, health and environmental controls, and other controls.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Effects of Scapular Stabilization Exercises Accompanied by Spine
Stabilization Exercises Using An Unstable Surface on Muscle Activities for
Subjects with Scapular Winging
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Ying Ying Tang Zhe Cui and Tae Ho Kim This study was intended to inspect the influence of scapular stabilization exercises accompanied by spine stabilization exercises using an unstable surface on muscle activity in subjects with scapular winging. Thirty subjects with scapular winging participated in the experiment. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. One group performed scapular stabilization exercises accompanied by spine stabilization exercises on an unstable surface, whereas the other group performed only scapular stabilization exercises. In order to study the influence of the intervention, the muscle activity around the shoulder was measured. According to the experimental results, the activation of the lower trapezius muscle and serratus anterior muscle increased significantly in both groups after intervention. The muscle activities of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior in the control group were not as high as those in the experimental group. Moreover, the muscle activities of upper trapezius and pectoralis major decreased significantly in both groups after the exercise interventions, but no significant difference was observed between the two groups. As a result, the scapular stabilization exercises that are widely used in clinical practice were shown to increase lower trapezius and serratus anterior activities. Moreover, a combination of such exercises with spine stabilization exercises on an unstable surface was shown to confer greater benefits than scapular stabilization exercises alone and is thus recommended.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Physical Fitness of Futsal Athletes in Competition Preparation
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Dedi Supriadi Gita Febria Friskawati and Vicki Ahmad Karisman The purpose of this study was to reveal the physical fitness of futsal athletes in the match preparation stage. This study was a descriptive research with 22 futsal athletes from Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia. As the research sample, we included 12 male futsal athletes and 10 female futsal athletes. The used instruments to measure physical fitness are; (1) Speed (i.e. run test for 30 meters); (2) Flexibility (i.e. sit and reach); (3) Arm strength (i.e. medicine ball); (4) Leg strength (i.e. vertical jump); (5) Arm muscle endurance strength (i.e. 1-minute push up); (6) Abdominal muscle endurance strength (i.e. 1- minute sit up); (7) Back muscle endurance strength (i.e. 1-minute back up); (8) Abdominal muscle endurance strength (i.e. 1-minute half squat); and (8) VO2 Max (i.e. Yoyo test). Collected data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using SPSS version 24. The result showed that physical fitness male athletes in Cimahi have an average completion of each component of 73%, categorized as Fair. Meanwhile, the female athletes in Cimahi only have an average completion of each component of 63%, categorized as Poor. Some factors such as genetics, training, gender, age, body fat, and daily activities affect physical fitness. A physical fitness training program should be arranged, organized, and implemented properly and systematically to work up the dominant physical fitness in preparing for a competition.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Reverse Periodization Model to Increase Anaerobic and Aerobic Capacity
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Dikdik Zafar Sidik and Fitri Rosdiana Circuit training is a training method used to efficiently maximize training time while providing more comprehensive, greater, and faster benefits in shaping, developing, and improving the work function of an athlete's body. This study aimed to increase anaerobic and aerobic capacity which includes speed, agility, power, power endurance, and endurance through the circuit training method applied to the Reverse periodization model. The method used in this research is an experiment with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample in this study was a university's Women's Futsal Student Activity Unit with a total of 14 Students. The research instrument was in the form of anaerobic and aerobic ability tests. The results showed a significant effect of the circuit training method on the reverse periodization model on anaerobic and aerobic capacity. To get optimal results, athletes must manipulate a small volume of exercise at the beginning and keep increasing until the end of the meeting. Moreover, the high intensity at the beginning of the meeting was followed by a decrease until the end of the meeting. Indeed, this also should be supported by utilizing the forms of agility and power movements at each post in a structured, measured, orderly manner and interspersed activity.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Potentiality of Moringa Oleifera to Increase Human Performance
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Hamidie Ronald Danie Ray Calvin Chandra Reza Pratama Muhammad Naufal Abdurahman and Ronny Lesmana Ergogenic aids are the administration of certain substances, blood doping, genetic engineering, modification of exercise equipment, and the provision of natural materials such as plants to increase performance. This study aimed to determine the effect of consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves combined with aerobic exercise on VO2 Max, Lactate Threshold, and muscle endurance. This study used an experimental methodology with a randomized pre-test and post-test comparison group design. Sixteen taekwondo athletes participated as samples in this study. The samples were split into two groups: the experimental group that received treatment including both aerobic exercise and the consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves, and the control group that received only aerobic exercise. This study consisted of four days of aerobic exercise each week for six weeks. The aerobic activity prescribed was a 30-minute session of vigorous running every day while Moringa oleifera leaves were consumed. Our current results showed that the consumption of leaf extract of Moringa oleifera increased VO2 max versus control. In addition, Moringa oleifera increased lactate threshold shown at heart rate on turn point which increased from 173.5±1.77 on the pre-test to 176.625±1.51 beats/ minute on post-test. This result indicated that Moringa oleifera increases VO2 max and Lactate threshold. Furthermore, our current results showed that the gain of the Moringa oleifera group was higher than the control in the push-up test, sit-up test, and wall sit test, respectively. This result indicated Moringa oleifera's ability to increase muscle endurance capacity. This current study indicated that Moringa oleifera leaves have the potential to increase human performance through their ability to increase VO2 max, lactate threshold, and muscle endurance capacity.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Technology-Supported Physical Activity Course for Increasing Physical
Activity Levels of University Students: System Development and Pilot
Implementation
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Kuston Sultoni Louisa Peralta and Wayne Cotton This paper investigates and pilots design principles focusing on developing a technology-supported physical activity course for increasing university students' physical activity levels. Four initial design principles from a previous systematic review were confirmed and validated in a series of Focus Group discussions with twenty-two participants (10 lecturers and 12 students) from one public university in Bandung, Indonesia. As a result, an additional three initial design principles were created. A technology prototype was developed based on the seven initial design principles. A prototype LMS (PESSPA), incorporated within a smartphone application (PESAPA), was designed, validated, and built on during this phase. A pilot study was conducted involving two physical education classes at the public university in Bandung, Indonesia to test and evaluate the prototypes. Two lecturers and 39 students participated in the pilot study. One lecturer implemented the technology prototype in the intervention group (n=22). The control group (n=17) was taught with a control lecturer with the same content but without PESSPA and PESAPA for 16 weeks. Findings showed that there were no significant differences in post-test scores between the intervention and control groups in all outcomes except for amotivation (P = 0.022). Positive small to medium effect sizes were found for intervention participants, compared with control participants, for all outcomes including physical activity outcomes (moderate intensity [d=0.09], total physical activity [d=0.21], and vigorous intensity [0.37]), motivation outcomes (introject regulation [0.14], intrinsic regulation [d=0.25], identified regulation [d=0.74]), and physical activity knowledge (d=0.20). The class observations and feedback from the intervention lecturer and students during the pilot study were analysed, resulting in nine revised design principles. The prototype should be modified based on the revised design principles and tested with a larger sample size in a randomised controlled trial.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Evaluation of Plyometric Exercise, Strength Training on Physical
Capabilities
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Walaa Jumah Alkasasbeh Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare a 10-week period, in which strength training (five weeks) was followed by plyometric training (five weeks) or the other way around among handball players. Hypothesis: Performing strength training first and then plyometric training will improve lower body strength and performance more than the reverse training sequence. Methods: Thirty-six young handball players voluntarily participated in this research. Pre and post test data (running, changing direction, jumping, strength, throwing, and endurance) were compared between groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. SPSS was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The results imply that a precise training regime for plyometric and strength training in young handball players is not required. Thus, strength and conditioning training plans created for the youth handball group can be effective regardless of the training regimen. Furthermore, when boosting back squat performance is the main objective, the outcomes of the contemporary research imply that completing plyometric training before a strength-centered training phase may be useful. Conclusion: It is concluded that professionals arrange training schedules to enhance athlete compliance and concentrate on the most important results.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Evaluation of Several Factors that Affect the Learning Outcomes of
Physical Education
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Kamal Firdaus Setiyo Hartoto Agus Hariyanto Irmantara Subagya Nikmatullaili Deby Tri Mario and Zulbahri Success in learning Physical Education (PE) is a benchmark for students to apply health values throughout their lives. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and evaluate factors related to the achievement of PE learning outcomes, namely Body Mass Index (BMI), Physical Fitness (PF), and learning motivation. A total of 75 male students from Madrasah Tsanawiyah (junior high school) in the city of Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia participated in this study. Characteristics of the participants were grade eight aged ± 14.4 years, body height ± 152.9 cm, and body weight ± 53.5 kg. Data collection procedures consisted of anthropometric measurements, Indonesian physical fitness tests, questionnaires for learning motivation, and student report card scores for PE learning outcomes. Then, data were analyzed using path analysis. The results showed that BMI, PF, and learning motivation are several important factors to consider in achieving PE learning outcomes (P
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Sports Massage: How does it Affect Reducing Lactic Acid Levels in
Athletes'
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Wilda Welis Darni and Deby Tri Mario Increased lactic acid levels in the blood and muscles during high-intensity training and sports competitions cause muscles to get fatigued, which affects physical performance and is made worse by a greater risk of injury. Therefore, a solution is needed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of sports massage on reducing lactic acid levels in athletes. This research is a true-experimental design with a pretest-post-test control group design. A total of 24 football athletes from the Faculty of Sports Science, Padang State University, Indonesia were used as research samples. Sports massage treatment was given after the athlete did a 1.500 meter run (experimental) and without sports massage (control). Sports massage is given to the back, back of the neck, shoulders, upper extremities, and lower extremities. The techniques used include effleurage, petrissage, shaking, tapotement, walken, vibration, and skin-rolling. Each was given 6 repetitions. Then, accutrendlactacid was used to measure lactic acid levels. Data were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that lactic acid levels in both groups increased after running 1500 meters. However, after being given a sports massage in the experimental group, lactic acid levels decreased by 1.94 mmol/L. Meanwhile, the lactic acid level in the control group was 5.43 mmol/L. The difference in mean lactic acid levels from the post-test data of the two groups showed a significant result of 6.16 mmol/L (p < 0.05). In conclusion, giving sports massage after exercise and sports competition (high intensity) is very effective in reducing lactic acid levels in athletes. The results of this study are expected to be useful for coaches, sports health teams, and athletes to reduce lactic acid levels so that they can improve performance during exercise (sports competition), and minimize the occurrence of a high risk of injury.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Can Running Speed and Aerobic Endurance Be Affected after 4 weeks of
In-season Running-based HIIT of Different Modes'
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Andrea Domčeková Jaromír Šimonek Igor Bakaľár Janka Kanásová Bohumila Krčmárová and Matúš Krčmár The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-weeks high-intensity interval training with short interval 15s/15s in three modes - linear (straight-line runs), shuttle and combined. Each group performed 2 x 4 minutes runs at 95-105% of VIFT. Eighteen male young soccer players participated in the present study. Before commencing the experiment, the participants were randomly divided into three HIIT groups: linear (n=6), combined (n=6) and shuttle (n=6). Players completed the 30 m sprint test, 505 COD test and the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15 IFT) before and after the experiment. Results show significant improvements from pre- to post-training only in the 505 COD test (left) (p < 0.05) and 30-15 IFT test (p < 0.05) in the combined and shuttle group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in any measured outcome. In conclusion, all HIIT modes performed in 4-weeks period led to improvements in aerobic endurance, speed performance and change of direction speed. In the combined group, we observed the most significant improvement in aerobic endurance and speed performance and in change of direction speed we noticed the best progress in the shuttle group.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- The Effect of Circuit Training on Improving the Physical Condition of
Northwest Pantar Football Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 1 Wisnu Sunarto Suharjana Sigit Nugroho Carles Nyoman Wali Sumaryanto Komarudin Guntur and Michael Johannes Hadiwijaya Louk Physical condition is one of the important elements for athletes to develop techniques, tactics, strategies and skills mentally, because good physical condition will affect the athlete's appearance on the field. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of circuit training on improving the physical condition of soccer athletes at Northwest Pantar football school. The model in this study is a quasi-experimental with a quantitative approach to one group pretest-posttest design. The instruments in this study were the vertical jump test, sit and reach test, 40 meter run test, agility run test, coordination test, endurance test, leg muscle strength test and abdominal muscle test. The population in this study amounted to 20 athletes, and then all populations were used as subjects in this study. Data analysis in this study used a t-test with a significant level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of circuit training on improving physical condition for soccer athletes at SSB PBL. Thus the hypothesis in the study is accepted. The limitations in this study include time, number of SBB, research subjects and training models that are still single.
PubDate: Feb 2023
- Facilitating Social Support during the Transition of Sports Injury
Recovery: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Nikhilraj Kola and Naga Seema Physical activity is considered a daily routine, and many young people have involved themselves in physical activity as a passion for practising it due to its numerous health benefits. On a larger perspective, athletes invest a lot of energy and time in bringing out optimal performance; hence physical ramifications such as injuries are more evident. The most common cause of injury is overuse of body parts and associated factors. Injury is often seen as a stressful situation that impacts the athletes' ability to handle it physiologically and psychologically. Athletes' physical recovery tends to be highly affected by the individual's psychological response to injury through the different rehabilitation phases. It varies depending on the type of injury, the extent of discomfort, physical symptoms, and the mental status of athletes. However, there is an increase in research reporting athletes' injuries in various contexts. The present review highlights the importance of social support, which enhances an athlete's motivation and ability to handle psychological distress during rehabilitation. Psychological readiness was shown to be a key factor. The integrated/interactive approach of bio-psycho-social factors of the study not only limits understanding of the athletes' injury but also encourages researchers, athletes, and coaches to raise new questions and improve the understanding of the concept along with designing interventions which are essential to perform at a higher level of sports competitions.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Tactical Team Training as a Component of Achieving Sports Results
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Roman Kovalcuk Oleksandr Gnydiuk Andrii Melnykov Oleksandr Mozolev Leonid Rybak Volodimir Melnikov Ihor Tomkiv Oleksandr Binkovskyi and Oksana Hnydiuk The article analyzes the author's method of tactical training of the volleyball team to achieve a high sports result. The players of the volleyball club "NOVATOR" (n=24) took part in the study. Methods: Analysis of scientific and methodical sources, theoretical analysis of the training of the world's leading clubs, statistical data of coaching observations, modeling of game situations, factor analysis, surveys, questionnaires, and expert evaluation method. The evaluation of the results was carried out by experts - coaches of other volleyball clubs participating in the competition (n=14). Evaluations of the effectiveness of the coaching staff's actions were carried out by players of the "NOVATOR" volleyball team who had experience playing in other volleyball clubs (n=11). Results: The implementation of the author's method of tactical preparation of the team for the competition showed reliably significant (p
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Quick Strength Training on the Agility and Leg Power of
Futsal Junior Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Imran Akhmad Rahma Dewi Suprayitno and Galih Priyambada This research aimed to examine the effect of Quick Strength Training (QST) on agility and leg power. It used experimental methods with a pre-test-post-test design. A purposive sampling technique was used with several criteria. Before the treatment was executed, the 11 participants in each group were tested for their agility with the side step test and leg power with vertical jump. The 11 participants in the experimental group performed QST training program for 42 days or six weeks and the focus was carried out with an intensity of three times a week, then in the other control group, there were 11 participants, as a CON, who did not do any physical activities for 6 weeks. After six weeks of treatment, the 22 participants performed side step and vertical jump as a post-test. There was an increase in the average of their agility; CON test before treatment and test after treatment QST test before treatment and test after treatment (p=0.007). The increase in leg strength in participants is also a record for a result; CON test before treatment and test after treatment and QST pre-test with post-test (p=0.000). Agility test before treatment has similarities between CON and QST (p=0.171), but there was a post-test agility difference between CON and QST (p=0.538). There was also a difference in the pre-test leg power between CON and QST (p=0.061), and there was a post-test leg power difference between CON and QST (p=0.001). The results showed that QST increased futsal athletes' agility and leg power.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Public Concern for Intellectual Disabilities and SOIna as an Intellectual
Disability Sports Organization
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Nina Jermaina Nurlan Kusmaedi Amung Ma'mun Vanessa Gaffar Eko Purnomo Mohammad Sabransyah and Rajidin The purpose of this study is to find out and explore how deeply the community understands the intellectual disability sports and also the Special Olympics Indonesia (SOIna), which is an organization to manage and oversee the intellectual disability sports. Furthermore, this study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques using interviews. The sample in this study was sports students. The results of the research conducted explain that; 1) many people do not understand and understand intellectual disability, 2) society considers that intellectual disability is the same as other disabilities, 3) Most of the communities still do not communicate and deal directly with intellectual disabilities, 4) and most of the research informants explain that they do not know SOIna as an organization that oversees and manages sports for intellectual disabilities. This research is only limited to knowing how the community's knowledge about intellectual disabilities, their sports and organizations. The researcher concludes that more forms of promotion must be carried out by the government and related institutions to explain and educate the public about sports with intellectual disabilities so that the public's view of intellectual disability will be better and in a positive direction again.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Yoga and Physical Exercises as Immunogenic Fortifiers for Coronavirus
Vaccine Responses
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Karuppasamy Govindasamy Hassane Zouhal Dilpreet Kaur Aakash Dhiman Vikas Singh Utsav Chaware Rajesh Kumar Prasad Salian Mantu Baro Hemantajit Gogoi Poli Borah Lakshyajit Gogoi Koulla Parpa and Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman Background and aim: Coronavirus has emerged as a pandemic leading to pneumonia and death in susceptible populations, especially in immunocompromised hosts and the elderly. Though national governance and drug firms work in cohesion to develop vaccines, the fear and anxiety towards misconceptions about vaccine efficacy and adverse effects lead to underutilization of the vaccines. Though known for its immunogenic responses against infections, conservative lifestyle modifications such as Yoga and physical exercise's synergistic effects with coronavirus vaccine's immunogenic response remains unknown. Methods: We administered a systematic search on the contemporary evidence investigating the immune responses of physical activity or Yoga in three databases: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. In the present review, we reviewed the empirical evidence that explored the role of Yoga and physical exercise as an immunity booster and extrapolated their effects against coronavirus infection. Results: We found sixteen articles emphasizing physical activity to augment immune responses towards Coronavirus. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the contemporary evidence, complementary therapies such as Yoga or physical activity are speculated to improve the influenza vaccines' immune responses. We recommend that Yoga and physical exercises be affordable, practical and effective strategies that could be advocated along with vaccination doses. We hope the present review may help readers and policymakers explore complementary therapies that could be administered as adjuncts to vaccine-mediated immunity in combating the deadly pandemic.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Resistance Band Ladder Drill Training Pattern Using Interval
and Pyramid Methods on Aerobic Ability Improvement in Futsal
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Fitri Rosdiana and Dikdik Zafar Sidik Resistance Bands Ladder Drills is a form or a pattern of a training that utilizes the resistance of rubber combined with movements on ladder drills or better known as agility ladder. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the Resistance Band Ladder Drill training pattern by using interval and pyramid training methods in improving the aerobic ability. This research is an experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of this research was twenty people who were divided into two groups: ten people as the experimental group (interval training method) and ten people as the control group (pyramid training method). The research instrument to determine the aerobic ability was the Bleep Test. The results showed that there were differences in the results of the Resistance Band Ladder Drill training pattern by using the interval method and the pyramid method toward the aerobic ability. The conclusion of this research is that there was an effect of the Resistance Band Ladder Drill training pattern by using the interval method on the aerobic ability and there was no effect of the Resistance Band Ladder Drill training pattern by using the pyramid method on the aerobic ability. These results indicate that the training volume cannot be equated when we use two different methods because each training method has its volume requirements to provide an adaptation effect on the body. It is suggested that further research can be developed through other forms of training.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Mental Training to Improve the 40-Meter-Distance Archery Accuracy with
Imagery and Meditation Methods
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Betrix Teofa Perkasa Wibafied Billy Yachsie Suharjana Ali Satia Graha Yudik Prasetyo Ahmad Nasrulloh and Siis Suhasto Lack of concentration and accuracy can lead to less optimal shot results in archery sports. This study aimed to find the effect of imagery and meditation exercises on the accuracy of 40-meter-distance archery performed by archery athletes. This research was an experimental study with two groups of pretest-posttest designs. The sample included 24 athletes selected using purposive sampling, with the criteria included: being men, being active athletes, and doing routine training. The sample was divided into two groups through ordinal pairing. The first half went into an imagery group, and the other went into a meditation group. Both groups were given treatment in 10 meetings. The research instrument used involved an archery test scoring for a 40-meter distance. The collected data were tested for their normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov technique and homogeneity using the Levene statistic technique with a significant level of 5% (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the researcher applied the paired samples t-test for hypothesis testing. Conclusions. The study results showed (a) there was an influence of imagery training and meditation practice on improving the archery athletes' accuracy, (b) and there is a difference in the effects between imagery practice and meditation on improving archery accuracy, where imagery practice has a greater degree of improving archery accuracy in archery athletes than meditation practice.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effectiveness of Five Minutes Callisthenic Exercise on Depression,
Anxiety and Stress Levels among Form Four Students
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Rosli Hamid Syed Kamaruzaman Syed Ali Megat Ahmad Kamaludin Megat Daud Mohamad Razali Abdullah Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki and Sukono Sports management in schools is essential to meet the requirements of sports such as implementation of the One Pupil One Sports Policy (1M1S) which requires every student to participate in at least one sports activity in school. The study aims to identify the effectiveness of five minutes Calisthenics exercise on the depression, anxiety, and stress levels among Form Four students. A total of 180 Form Four students in City Setar district secondary schools were examined using quasi experimental method. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) instrument was used for pre and posttests for eight weeks. The data were analyzed using the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) to see the relationship between Calisthenics exercises and mental health levels of depression, anxiety and stress in pre and posttests of treatment and control groups. Overall, multivariate test results with wilks' Lambda showed that there were significant effects on the three dependent variables [F (6,524) = 2.20, p < 0.05) for posttest and pretest [F (6,262) = 13.95, p < 0.05). The findings showed that students who practice five minutes Calisthenics exercise can reduce depression, anxiety, and stress levels. In conclusion, the study showed that there is a significant relationship between five minutes Calisthenics exercise and depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Female gender had higher depression, anxiety, and stress levels in both tests. Also, the main conclusion is the pretest analysis showed a high level of anxiety, depression, and stress among the two groups but did not show a significant difference.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Design of Power Sensor Based Test Instrument for Limb Muscle
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Bayu Hardiyono Muslimin Hartati Aprizal Fikri Asep Suharta Nurkadri and Neisya This study aims to develop a power sensor-based leg muscle test instrument where the instrument changes the concept from manual to digital and develops a manual for using the test tool. The products produced are the Power Limb Muscle Test Kit, and a manual for using the Power Limb Muscle Test Kit. This research was established by adjusting the research and development model of Borg & Gall. The development method used includes several stages: 1) investigating the contents of the product being developed, 2) elaborating the initial product, 3) expert validation, 4) field testing, 5) product modification. The sampling technique applied was purposive sampling with Phase I trials of 10 students of physical education, health and recreation, Sriwijaya University and Phase II trials of 20 students of sports education study program, Universitas Bina Darma. Additionally, from the Phase I trial, as many as 10 students of physical education, health and recreation showed 96% criteria of Very Eligible, subsequently from the Phase II trial, as many as 20 students of sports education study program showed 91% in the Very Eligible category. Based on these results it can be concluded that a power sensor-based leg muscle test tool can be used to measure leg muscles. The renewal of the results of this study is a measuring instrument that uses sensors as a medium for collecting data so that the results are more accurate, effective and efficient.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Fixed and Changing Directional Throw Drill Exercises on the
Results of Sepak Takraw's First Ball Reception ith Sepak Sila
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Wisnu Mahardika Rivan Saghita Pratama Sri Haryono Tri Aji Viki Ardi Rosyanto Teguh Santosa Iwan Arya Kusuma Ali MD Nadzalan Slamet Sudarsono Agus Supriyoko and Pipit Fitria Yulianto The purpose of the study was to test the influence and differences in fixed and changing directional throw drill exercises on the results of receiving the first ball. The research method uses the M-S (Matched Subject Design) pattern experiment. The total population was 24 people and a sample of 12 people with the Purposive Sampling technique. Research instrument with the first ball test that has been retested with validity 0.79 and reliability 0.96. The free variables of drill exercises fixed and changing directions and the bound variables of the first ball's receiving ability. Data analysis used t-test statistics at a significance level of 5% with d.b n-1. The results of the study were obtained: 1) The experimental group of 1 t-count is greater than the t-table (5,869>2,571) meaning that there is an influence of the training drill of fixed directional throwing. 2) the experimental group of 2 t-counts is greater than the t-table (6,932>2,571) meaning that there is an influence from the drill exercise that the direction changes. 3) the test results of the difference in the effect of the fixed and changing direction throw drill exercises T-count are smaller than the T-Table (0.209 < 2.571) meaning that there is no difference in the influence of the two exercise methods.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Resistance Bands Rubber Spring Exercise on the Front Kick
Speed of Adolescent Pencak Silat Women
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Bogy Restu Ilahi Ardo Okilanda Septian Raibowo Yarmani Tono Sugihartono Syafrial Yahya Eko Nopiyanto Fina Hiasa Nurul Ihsan and Juanda Putra This study was aimed to determine the effect of weight training using rubber Resistance Bands to increase the front kick speed of young women pencak silat athletes. This type of research was a quasi experiment. The population of this study was all young women athletes. Samples were taken using a total sampling technique with a sample of 20 young women athletes aged 18 from Tapak Suci Rejang Lebong. The instruments and data collection techniques used a front kick test for 10 seconds. The results were determined that weight training using rubber Resistance Bands increased the speed of the front kick with a contribution of 17.8%. From the results of this research it can be concluded that weight training using rubber Resistance Bands of color red (heavy 25-30 lbs) increased the speed of the front kick of young women athletes of Pencak silat Tapak Suci in Rejang Lebong where obtained t-h = 3.90> t-table = 1.73 at the significance level α = 0.05. This color's resistance bands as an important point part in choosing peak a high speed kick. It is recommended for coaches to train the athlete's kicks by exercising using red rubber resistance bands of young athletes aged 18.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Development of Traditional Sports-Based through Educational Tourism Model:
Edu Ortrad as a Sports Industry Model
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 M. Irfan Agustin Sastrawan Harahap Khairul Usman Benny Aprial M. and Ilham The development of an educational tourism model with folk games and traditional sports can be a community recreational sport to increase cultural resilience. This study aims to obtain a sports industry model with the concept of education tourism based on traditional sports and folk games or in the Indonesian language called Edukasi Olahraga Tradisional (Edu Ortrad). The R&D was the method designed and deemed appropriate. The research procedure that guides design includes the determination of potential issue and problems of interest, screening and selecting the relevant existing material and information gathering, design testing and approval, product creation, feasibility along with effectiveness testing. While the data assortment techniques comprise observations, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaire administration. The validity system of data yielded was measured using triangulation method collected and underwent through expert judgment decisions. Thirty respondents were the sample size for the first trial and 60 for the second trial. Ninety sample subjects from the local community in North Sumatra, Indonesia, were employed during the final phase as the operational product test. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 25th edition. The results obtained were in form of a new product, otherwise a traditional sports-based educational tourism model with a feasibility rate of 92% and effectiveness of 90%. It means they are in a "very good" category. The external validity test using the product-moment correlation obtained an r count of 0.97> r-table of 0.42. Furthermore, the reliability test uses Cronbach Alpha (0.714) Sig 5%. The study concludes that the new model developed has very good feasibility. That said, it can be applied as a community tourism service in folk games and traditional sports.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Heart Rate Variability-Established Thresholds to Determine the Ventilatory
and Lactate Thresholds of Endurance Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Ninette Thiart Ben Coetzee and Christo Bisschoff This study aimed to determine the use of heart rate variability (HRV)-established thresholds to accurately estimate endurance athletes' ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1), respiratory compensation point (RCP) and lactate threshold 2 (LT2). Eleven cyclists (aged: 23.7 ± 3.1 years) from the African Continental Development Cycling team and ten middle- and long-distance athletes (age: 21.2 ± 1.8 years) from a South African university participated in this study. Before the start of an incremental cycling or running maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) test each participant was fitted with a Fixed Polar HR Transmitter Belt and Monitor to determine the R-R intervals of the last 60 seconds of each stage. The Kubios HRV Premium software package was used to analyze the R-R-intervals. Blood samples were taken 30 seconds before the end of each stage and analyzed for blood lactate. Ventilatory threshold points were identified using the criteria of an increase in V̇E/V̇O2 with no increase in V̇E/V̇CO2 (VT1) and an increase in both V̇E/V̇O2 and V̇E/V̇CO2 (RCP). The LT2 was identified as the second increase in blood lactate concentration from one increment to the next. Concerning HRV thresholds, VT1 was determined at a DFAα1 value of 0.75, the first breakpoint in the standard deviation of the instantaneous (SD1) and continuous long-term RR interval (SD2) curves, the visual deflection in the squared root of the mean squared differences between successive R-R intervals (RMSSD) curve, and the first abrupt increase in high-frequency (HF) power x HF frequency. The RCP was detected at a DFAα1 value of 0.5 and the final abrupt increase in HF. The Bland-Altman plots revealed that the absolute power outputs at VT1SD1 and VT1RMSSD showed significant agreements with the absolute power outputs at VT1. Large paired-sample correlations were also found between the absolute power outputs at VT1SD1, VT1RMSSD and VT1. In conclusion, coaches, sport scientists and other professionals are encouraged to use SD1 and RMSSD to determine the VT1-related training program workloads of endurance-trained athletes, especially in areas where laboratories are not available.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Development of Si Buyung Gymnastics-Based Motion Learning Model to Improve
Students' Basic Motion Skills: Aiken Validity
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Galih Dwi Pradipta Wawan Sundawan Suherman Bernadeta Suhartini Osa Maliki Fajar Widiyatmoko Maftukin Hudah Dewangga Yudhistira La Ode Adhi Virama Andry Akhiruyanto Taufiq Hidayah Paryadi Eko Pratama Dedy Putranto Oktarina and Sinta Naviri The primary objective of this research was to create a model of Buyung gymnastics in gross motor learning in early childhood. Methods: This study included 5 material experts and 2 nationally licensed gymnastics experts, 2 early childhood education teachers, and 1 doctoral lecturer with early childhood evaluation and learning expertise. This study also made use of several documents. Development research was used in this study. This study was divided into three stages: (1) qualitatively analyzing documents in the form of a review of relevant literature, then conducting field observations and interviews to rationalize the problem so that it can be used to create a gymnastic model; (2) The researchers developed a Si Buyung exercise model to improve gross motor skills in kindergarten students and created a questionnaire to be handed to experts as an instrument; (3) After the Si Buyung model was created, the researchers validated it with five experts using the Delphi technique. Result: The computation results revealed that the total content validity of each statement item is more than 0.79, indicating that all statement items meet the criteria. An average of 0.84 was attained overall. Conclusion: Based on Aiken's validity, the Si Buyung exercise model for improving gross motor skills in early childhood has a good score, indicating that the Si Buyung exercise model can be applied in early childhood.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Plyometric Training on the Power and Reactive Agility of
Karate Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Danardono Agus Kristiyanto Sapta Kunta Purnama Tomoliyus and Nevita Ariani Background: Training is a means to improve physical condition. Many kinds of training can improve physical conditions, including plyometric training. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the plyometric training model to increase the power and reactive agility of karate athletes in the kumite category. Methods: This study utilized an experimental method using a one-group Pretest-Posttest Design. The research sampling used was purposive sampling. The data collection technique in this study consisted of power and reactive agility, which was a standing broad jump test and a standardized reactive agility test. The instrument was given twice to the sample as a pre-test and post-test. The treatment given in this study is in the form of plyometrics modification exercises arranged in an exercise program. Treatment is given for four consecutive weeks with a frequency of 3 sessions/per week. Data analysis in this study used Two Way Anova, which was processed using SPSS version 26. Conclusions: The results of the study were diverse, for the increase in limb power showed no significant differences, and the plot diagram concluded that an interaction effect occurred. As for the increase in reactive agility, there were four items of significant differences, and the plot diagram concluded that there was an interaction effect that occurs.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Effect of Circulated Flow of Hydrotherapy on Reduction of Lactic Acid
Levels in the Body after Physical Exercise
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Donny Setiawan Soetanto Hartono Endang Sri Wahjuni Heryanto Nur Muhammad Novadri Ayubi Fahd Mukhtarsyaf Nopi Hariadi and Setya Rahayu The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of circulating hydrotherapy on reducing lactic acid levels in the body. This study used a 2 x 2 factorial experimental design. Subjects were taken in this study by means of purposive sampling and then the subjects were divided into 4 groups. A total of 24 adult males aged 18-21 years participated in this study. Exclusion criteria in this study were having a history of lung disease and heart disease. Subjects took blood to measure lactic acid levels (Pre-test). Furthermore, the subject carried out the running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) activity. Then the subject rested for 2 minutes. Each subject was given an intervention based on their respective groups for 10 minutes. Furthermore, the subject took blood to measure lactic acid levels (post-test). The statistical test used is the two-way Anova in the SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the effect of water temperature of 20℃, with a water speed of 0.25 and 0.50 liters/second on the decrease in lactic acid levels. There is a significant difference in the effect of water at 37oC, with a water speed of 0.25 and 0.50 liters/second to reduce lactic acid levels. There is an interaction between water temperature (20℃, 37℃) with a water speed of 0.25 and 0.50 liters/second on changes in lactic acid levels. It can be concluded that Circulated Flow of Hydrotherapy with the development of modified Water Temperature (WT), and Water Speed (WS) can both be used to improve recovery by lowering blood lactic acid levels in the body after physical activity.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Correlation of Consumption Vegetables, Fruit, and Nuts with Body Mass
Index and Fat Deposition in Saudi Elite Male Soccer Players
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi Ghareeb O. Alshuwaier Abdulrahman I. Alaqil Abdulmalek K. Bursais Anwar A. Al-Nuaim Jwaher Haji Alhaji Yuba R. Gautam Khalid S. Aljaloud Faisal N. Alosaimi Adam Tawfiq Amawi Lana Salah Subhi Nemer and Jumana Hussine Shehadeh Background: The nutrition of elite soccer players is crucial to optimize performance and improve body composition. Currently, little is known about the correlations between the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and nuts with body mass index (BMI) and fat deposition among Saudi soccer elite players. To address this gap in the literature, the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and nuts on BMI and fat percentage in elite Saudi soccer players. Methods: The Saudi Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used alongside a cross-sectional research design to gather data from a sample of young Saudi soccer players (N = 81; aged 17–21 years old) to assess participants' food intake; body fat percentage was measured using skinfold thickness and BMI was calculated. Results: It showed that the participants' consumption of fruit, vegetables, and nuts was low (mean intake: 63.80 (SD = 28.54), 60.65 (SD = 32.97), 31.58 (SD = 18.94), respectively). Moreover, the relationship between the indexes for the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and nuts with BMI was not significant (r = - 0.037, p = 0.742; r = 0.143, p = 0.203; r = 0.080, p = 0.477, respectively). Also, there was no significant relationship between the indexes for the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and nuts with fat percentage (r = - 0.066, p = 0.560; r = 0.119, p = 0.292; r = 0.012, p = 0.913, respectively). Furthermore, fat percentage was significantly predicted by BMI (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results indicated that the consumption of vegetables and nuts was associated with better BMI values. Thus, athletes should adopt a strict dietary regime that focuses on an adequate amount of high-quality fruit, vegetables, and nuts to enhance performance. The significance of this research stems from being the first to evaluate the association between vegetables, fruits, and nuts intake and body composition among Saudi soccer elite athletes, giving a rise in understanding regarding athletes' nutrition to achieve better and improved body composition.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Identification of Athlete Transfer Problematic Experiences toward the
Social Adaptation Ability in Female Futsal Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Kristiyono Sumaryanto Abdul Alim and Yulvia Miftachurochmah Background: Transfers between clubs do not constantly occur successfully. Things that affect athletes' performance involve not only technique, tactics, and physique, but the psycho-social aspect which is also very influential for talent development. Purpose: This study tried to identify problematic experiences faced by female athletes during transfer periods from one club to another and identify psychological skills that contribute to successful social adaptation. Design/methodology/ approach: The research sample included 24 female futsal athletes who had played in the highest futsal league in Indonesia (aged 17-31 years; average = 24 years, SD = 3.04) and had joined numerous different clubs (coach range 3-8; average= 4, SD= 1.47). These athletes underwent semi-structured interviews about their experiences embedded during the transitions between clubs. This research applied a qualitative approach to identify the problematic experiences of the samples and their adaptability skills during the transfer periods. Results and Conclusion: (1) the athletes found it easier to adapt to their new clubs as their mutation rates increased, (2) the research identified four components of problematic experience with coaches, three components of problematic experience with teammates, one component of problematic experience with study, four components of problematic experience with the club, and three components of problematic experience with family.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Improving Endurance Ability through Endurance Training Model-Based Drill
Technique
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Ridho Bahtra Aldo Naza Putra Septri Windo Wiria Dinata Yogi Andria and Nugroho Susanto Endurance ability is one of the physical conditions that form the foundation of the game of soccer. However, the problem that is often seen is that players don't have good endurance. So, increasing endurance ability through the right training methods is very important. The training model is more varied and can eliminate player boredom during the training process. This study aimed to see the effectiveness of the endurance training model-based drill technique on the endurance ability of soccer players. This type of research is experimental research with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study were players of the Student Sports and Education Center (PPLP) in West Sumatra. The sample in this study was soccer players aged U-18 with a total of 30 people. To determine players' endurance ability, the ability of VO2Max capacity was measured. The instrument used is the Yo-Yo IR Test. Data analysis in this study used the statistical method of mean difference test (t-test). Before testing the hypothesis, a normality test was carried out using liliefors. Here are the results of the data analysis: tcount (8.98)> ttable (1.697), so the conclusion from this study is that the endurance training model-based drill technique is effective in increasing the endurance ability of soccer players.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Optimized Training of Force-Velocity Profiling on Young Sprinters'
Performance: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Teng Seet May Asmadi Ishak Mohd Azrul Anuar Zolkafi and Chin Ngien Siong Force-velocity imbalance (FVimb) has been proposed as an effective tool for pre-scribing training loads to improve physical performance. An optimized training program was used according to individual Fv-profile to decrease FVimb thus indirectly improving sprint performance. This systematic review aimed to study the effectiveness of optimized training based on force-velocity (Fv) profiling in sprint performances among young athletes. The database of Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and PubMed was conducted in March 2022, and studies published since 1990 were considered for inclusion. A total of 2873 publications were initially identified, of which 6 studies qualify for this review. The studies were independently evaluated for methodological quality and evidence of specific training effects on optimized training. Altogether there were 244 highly or semi-trained athletes (20±5 years,80± 13kg). This review suggests that optimized training based on Fv-profile was more efficient than the generalized training program as 70.1% of participants had improved their jump and sprint performances based on their Fv-profile by reducing their FVimb. However, there is still a limitation to the studies. Future work should focus on critical factors such as training duration, sample size, and immediate assessments to ensure a better performance regarding optimized training based on Fv-profile.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Predicting the Effectiveness of Physical Therapy in Hockey Players after
Cerebral Concussion
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Oleh Nekhanevych Grygoriy Griban Volodymyr Sekretnyi Viktoriia Bakuridze-Manina Yevhen Kaniuka Tetiana Kovalenko Igor Olexenko Svitlana Dmytrenko Mykola Tymchyk and Ostap Skoruy The aim is to develop a prognostic model of rehabilitation for the restoration of motor and cognitive functions in hockey players after a cerebral concussion. The research covered 80 hockey players aged from 17 to 51. Research methods: generalization of scientific and methodological literature, clinical, instrumental, functional methods, and methods of mathematical statistics. The greater effectiveness of the developed physical therapy program in comparison with the standard one has been proved according to the following indicators: limitation of life-sustaining activities by 26.0 ± 2.1%, tone of the autonomic nervous system according to the Kerdo index by 9.9 ± 0.8%, heart rate variability according to statistical indicators of standard deviation of cardiac intervals and variation range by 4.6 ± 0.3% and 28.2 ± 3.5%, respectively, according to the index of autonomic balance by 33.7 ± 4.9%, decrease in the stress index of regulatory systems by 22.5 ± 4.6%, decrease in the time of the test performance with tandem walking and cognitive task by 20.1 ± 1.6%, increase in the score on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale by 12.4 ± 2.0%. According to prognostic model, the most significant factors aggravating the prognosis are the level of headache according to the visual analogue pain scale (regression coefficient B = -0.12), the number of repeated cerebral concussions (B = -1.02); prognostically favorable factors are the general level of cognitive functions (B = 0.03), a lower level of sympathicotonia according to the autonomic balance index (B = 0.03) and the Kerdo index (B = -0.08). The developed model provides results within 20.0% of the existing actual values, which indicates satisfactory and effective work (determination coefficient of 54.0 %, p < 0.05).
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Digital-Based e-Modules in Tarung Derajat Martial Arts Learning at Basic
Level
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Alnedral Nurul Ihsan Umar Deby Tri Mario Nissa Aldani and Desi Purnama Sari Learning media in the form of e-modules is one of the most important indicators in achieving effective and efficient learning objectives, especially in learning the Tarung Derajat martial arts. Therefore, this study aims to develop digital-based e-modules in Tarung Derajat martial arts learning at the basic level. The design used is research and development with the aim of producing and testing product effectiveness. The development stage consists of product design, product testing, and product implementation. The designed product contains covers, prefaces, menus for e-modules, instructions for use, course descriptions, learning outcomes, operational learning outcomes, learning materials, learning videos, summaries, evaluation questions, scoring systems, and lists of references. Then it was validated by 3 competent experts in their fields, namely material experts, media experts, and curriculum experts. After the product was declared feasible, field implementation was continued with 120 students and 4 lecturers who taught the Tarung Derajat martial arts course at the Faculty of Sports Science, Padang State University, Indonesia. The criteria for participants are students who take Tarung Derajat martial arts courses at the basic level and an average age of 20.3 years. Evaluation of product feasibility and effectiveness was obtained through a questionnaire, then analyzed using percentages. The results showed that the average validation of experts was 89.44 or very good category. Furthermore, the average result of field implementation is 89.34 or very good category. In conclusion, digital-based e-modules are effectively used in Tarung Derajat martial arts learning at the basic level. This product is expected to be useful for lecturers (teaching staff), Tarung Derajat martial arts trainers, and sports students to make it easier for them to achieve effective and efficient learning. Future research is needed at the level of specialization, sample size and sample diversity (athlete level), experts, and more refined design and appearance.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Effects of Strobe-Image Feedback on Hurdle Sprint Times in Physical
Education Classes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Akihiro Azuma and Kazuhiro Matsui This study aimed to examine the effect of using strobe-image feedback on hurdle sprint times in physical education classes. The participants were 57 male students aged between 16 and 17 years. They were divided into the following two groups: strobe-image learning (SL) group (n = 25), wherein the participants set practice tasks based on strobe-image feedback that allowed them to view their movements, and group learning (GL) group (n = 32), wherein groups of three or four students examined the movements of a target learner in the group and provided feedback to set the subsequent practice tasks. A two-way analysis of variance revealed that the main effect of the groups (SL and GL) was not significant (P> 0.05, effect size (ES) = 0.03), whereas the main effect of time (pre-test and post-test) was significant (P < 0.05, ES = 0. 36). Furthermore, the interaction was significant (P < 0.05, ES = 0.24), that is, a difference between pre- and post-test in the SL group was noted (P < 0.05, ES = 0.24). Therefore, the time of the 50-m hurdle run was significantly improved in the post-test in the SL group. Unlike the GL group, the feedback guided the SL group to make "hurdling without jumping too high" their main practice task, which presumably resulted in the shorter 50-m hurdling times and suggested that strobe-image feedback could provide effective, rational information for athletic improvement.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Effect of Audio and Audio Visual Imagery Exercises on the Level of
Creativity of Aerobic Gymnastics Instructors
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Anita Yuzela Agus Kristiyanto and Slamet Riyadi Background: The gymnastics instructor must have kinesthetic intelligence to express his creativity. The exercise of imagery becomes one of the methods to increase creativity. However, in its application, the imagery method is still minimally carried out to increase the creativity of gymnastics instructors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test visual and audio-visual imagery exercise methods against the level of creativity of aerobic gymnastics instructors. Material and Methods: A 2x2 factorial experiment was used as the research method. The sample of nationally licensed aerobic gymnastics instructors was men and women aged 20-50 years and totaling 40. Data were collected using kinesthetic intelligence test instruments and the Torrance test of creative thinking (TTCT). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with the help of the SPSS 23 application. Results: There was no significant difference between audio and audio visual imagery exercises as indicated by F 0.002, sig 0.961>0.05, mean of 11.6 audio-visual imagery, 18.5 audio-visual imagery, and difference of 4.7. There was a significant difference between high and low kinesthetic intelligence gymnastic instructors since the F 4.766, sig 0.036 < 0.05, mean 14.4 low kinesthetic intelligence, 15.7 high kinesthetic intelligence, difference 1.3. There was no significant interaction between imagery audio and audio visual methods with high and low kinesthetic intelligence on choreographic originality, with an overall sig value of> 0.05. Conclusion: In conclusion, audio-visual imagery exercise is superior to audio-imagery training, and high kinesthetic intelligence is highly useful to gymnastics instructors' creativity levels. The implication is that it is possible to utilize audio-visual to develop choreography creativity since it can boost the choreography creativity of gymnastics instructors with high and low kinesthetic intelligence.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Tual Sagu and Golek Sagu: Traditional Sports of the Meranti
Archipelago Community, Indonesia
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Dedi Nofrizal Hari Setijono Heny Setyawati and Nasuka This study aims to examine the recognition of the Meranti Island community for cultural values and explore several factors that influence the sustainable development of the traditional sports of tual sagu and golek sagu. The traditional sports of tual sagu and golek sagu are traditional sports typical of the Meranti Islands which until now need to get more attention from the local government. The traditional sports of tual sagu and golek sagu are not just entertainment and sports media, but more than that, these traditional sports are a local cultural heritage. Therefore, the government must carry out activities to optimize growth, such as facilities, infrastructure, and infrastructure to support the development of traditional sports. Participants involved in this study amounted to 10 respondents. Respondents are key informants who understand the object of the research. These informants include stakeholders, community leaders, sports activists, and observers of sustainable development. This study uses qualitative descriptions, interviews, and observations as the basis of the research method. Data is analyzed by word cloud analysis. The results of the study show that the three goals of sustainable development, namely media, resources, and sports facilities have a significant role in the development of traditional sports. Meanwhile, the factors that have a significant influence on the sustainability of the traditional sports development of tual sagu and golek sagu are infrastructure, such as ports, sports centers, and traditional sports venues as well as events and promotions, which are determining factors for the success of developing sustainable traditional sports in the Meranti Islands.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Impact of Functional Task Training on Gait Parameter of OA Knee
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Kirupa K Jibi Paul Harikrishnan N and Manoj Abraham M The study's aim was to assess the effects of functional task training on treating patients with arthritis in the knee while improving gait parameters. This research trial was carried out at ACS Hospital and Medical College, where 24 participants aged 45 to 60 years diagnosed with grades 2 and 3 osteoarthritis of the knee were randomly selected and divided into 2 different groupings. Functional task training was conducted by the treatment group (Group A) and the comparison group (Group B), performing conventional exercises for 12 weeks. The data was collected by assessing the patients in terms of gait parameters and WOMAC scores before and after interventions. According to the static analysis, the Experimental Group (Group A) has an initial mean value of 1.22 to 1.35 in post-test walking speed values with a t test value of 9.078 and Group B has an initial mean value of 1.21 to 1.22 with a t test value of 6.166 only and also in the WOMAC questionnaire. Experimental Group (Group A) shows a change in the mean value of 72.0 to 65.4 with a t test value of 15.852, in the control group (Group B), the mean value changes from 72.2 to 69.2 with a t test value of 10.457. These data show that there is more significance in the experimental group (Group A). By comparing the mean values and t test values of both groups, it shows that functional task training improves the walking speed of subjects with OA knees and further increases the patients' level of well-being.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Developing the Value of Peace in Sport, Health, and Physical Education
Lecture through Traditional Games
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Toni Kogoya Cholik Mutohir Made Pramono Agus Kristiyanto Baskoro Nugroho Putro Syed Kamaruzaman Syed Ali Manil Karakauki Yustinus Sukarmin Panggung Sutapa Rifqi Festiawan Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama Asep Angga Permadi Azhar Ramadhana Sonjaya and Reza Adityas Trisnadi The objectives of this study are (1). Designing a model for the development of the value of peace-loving character education through play activities in the form of traditional sports for students; (2). Obtaining the effectiveness of a model for developing the value of peace-loving character education through play activities in the form of traditional sports for students; (3). Developing practical models for the development of the value of peace-loving character education through traditional games and sports activities for students; (4). Analyzing the validity of the development model for the development of the value of peace-loving character education through play activities in the form of traditional sports for Class III Elementary School Students of SDN Kebraon I and II Surabaya. The research method is a research development approach (Research Development) with three stages. It is necessary to know that this research method uses quantitative and qualitative research approaches and a significance analysis of 0.05%. The results of this research are about the development of the value of this peace love from thirteen traditional games and instruments validated by experts. For the small group trial result, the average was 95.76%, the average group trial result was 97.03%, the large group trial result averaged 96.60%. For qualitative data with an interactive model, the results obtained were that students were able to practice all traditional games, were able to recognize, understand and apply the values of peace-loving, especially the practice of tolerance, respect, openness, and care and cooperation.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- Effectiveness of Interactive Multimedia Supported Physical Education Using
Jurus Tunggal Tangan Kosong in the New Normal Era
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2023
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 11 Number 2 Muhsana El Cintami Lanos Nurul Ihsan Ardo Okilanda Widya Handayani Jujur Gunawan Manullang and Hikmah Lestari This study was to get the effectiveness of interactive multimedia using jurus tunggal tangan kosong that supported physical education. Jurus tunggal tangan kosong is part of physical activity in sports subject for a secondary student at Palembang. It is the combination of traditional dance and art move to be sports activity. The method used one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The data is taken from observation, interview, and test. The data analysis used t-test to know the increase of mastery movement in jurus tunggal tangan kosong. The result shows that jurus tunggal tangan kosong has been mastered by students very well. Every movement has been practised by the standard score by the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association. The multimedia presentation has been adapted to images, text and accompanied by audio music so that for students in junior high schools it is very interesting. Learning empty-handed single moves can also be understood independently by students at home. It has implications for increasing students' interest in exercising using jurus tunggal tangan kosong movement. The use of interactive multimedia in learning activities carried out online has been felt by students as face to face. So, these findings provide teachers with an in-depth understanding for learning media innovations that involve technology in learning and can improve the quality of learning in schools. Moreover, learning activities that have been carried out online have demanded the use of multimedia technological innovations as learning tools or as substitutes for study rooms in the classroom.
PubDate: Apr 2023
- The Relative Age Effect on Physical Fitness of School Children
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Siti Musliha Mat-Rasid Mohamad Razali Abdullah Hafizan Juahir Agus Rusdiana Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki Rabiu Muazu Musa Norlaila Azura Kosni and Abdul Muiz Nor Azmi This study aims to investigate the existence of the relative age effect among school children in Perak, Malaysia. A total of 3143 boys and 2700 girls aged seven years old in Perak, Malaysia were involved in this study. Within each year group, four-quarter birth-month groups were formed. There are quarter 1 (Q1), school children born from January to March; Quarter 2 (Q2), from April to June; Quarter 3 (Q3), from July to September; Quarter 4 (Q4), from October to December. They underwent body weight and standing height measurements with fitness tests that included standing broad jump, sit and reach, hand wall toss, and 20-meter run. A one-way ANOVA test with a Tukey post hoc test was used to determine whether there were any significant differences between the birth quartiles and children's physical fitness. Present findings found anthropometrics, leg power, coordination, and speed are different significantly between birth-quartile groups in boys and girls school children. In summary, there is a relative age effect that contributes to children born early in the year having a physical and physiological advantage. There are naturally different levels of fitness depending on age. This information is useful for researchers, teachers, and education policymakers to consider the month of birth, both in terms of practicality and the impact of physical fitness assessment.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Survey of Junior High School Athletic Learning Quality
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Dennis Dwi Kurniawan Soni Nopembri and Eddy Purnomo The objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness of athletic learning in junior high school. This descriptive study employs a mixed method design, combining quantitative and qualitative data as primary and secondary data. This study sample consisted of 100 junior high school physical education teachers in Yogyakarta and East Java who were chosen as the best athletic development centers in Indonesia based on the results of the O2SN competition for junior high schools over the previous five years. This research instrument, known as QPE, is an online questionnaire based on Walter King Yan Ho's (Quality Physical Education). The results showed that: (1) Quality teaching of the 6 indicators asked, 43.5 percent chose the answer Yes and as many as 56.5 percent chose the answer No. (2) Skill Development Bodily Awareness of the eight indicators tested, 45.5 percent chose Yes and 54.5 percent chose No. (3) Cognitive Skill Development: Of the five indicators asked, 40.8 percent chose Yes, while 59.2 percent chose No. (4) Habituated Behavior out of the four indicators tested, 51.5 percent chose Yes and 48.5 percent chose No. According to the findings of this study, the majority of respondents still find it difficult to meet the quality of physical education learning for athletic material because the average "yes" answer is 45.33%, which falls into the poor quality category.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Effect of Net Play on Forearm Passing Ability on Junior High School
Level Inclusion Schools
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Diajeng Tyas Pinru Phytanza Erick Burhaein Carla Cristina Vieira Lourenço and Alek Andika This study aims to determine the influence of net play on forearm passing ability in inclusion school students at the junior high school level. The design of this study is a Group Pretest-posttest design. The participants of this study were obtained using a random sampling technique, namely male students who took part in volleyball extracurricular in an inclusion school totaling 25 students. The instrument used is the forearm passing ability test. Data analyses used descriptive statistics and t-tests. The results showed that the t-count value of 5.047 versus t of table 2,060 (df = 25) at a significance level of 5% because t count is greater than the t-table, there is a significant difference. Judging from the average value, the average pretest value = 30.12 and the posttest average value = 34.87, then the effect of increasing the Forearm passing ability through the net game practice method is = 4. 75 or 1 5.77%. The contribution of this research is to the next researcher so that in researching can pay attention to the things that are within the limitations of this study and develop net game methods and other methods to improve the ability to pass down.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Foot Placement and Arm Movement Combination while Turning Patients to
Prevent Lower Back Pain
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Kodai Kitagawa Koji Matsumoto Hayato Nodagashira Takayuki Nagasaki Sota Nakano Mitsumasa Hida Shogo Okamatsu and Chikamune Wada Nurses and caregivers experienced lower back pain (LBP) as a result of patient handling motions to assist in wheelchair or bed transfer and repositioning. Therefore, previous studies provided assistive tools and devices to reduce lumbar loads while these patients handling motions. However, these devices and tools could not be used in several facilities because these facilities require comfortability, time efficiency, and low cost. Therefore, from these backgrounds, LBP prevention is required for any facility and situation without assistive devices and tools. Low load posture and movement of patient handling motions should be provided for LBP prevention without devices and tools. In our previous study, we explored suitable foot placement to reduce the lumbar load during turning a patient on a bed because patient repositioning on a bed is a serious cause of LBP. However, our previous study indicates that lumbar loads while turning patients cannot be improved only by foot placement adjustment. Postural asymmetry is related to lumbar load and cannot be avoided with only suitable foot placement. On the other hand, adjustment of both arm movement and foot placement has a possibility that reduces lumbar loads due to asymmetry posture. This study aims to explore a suitable combination of foot placement and arm movement order while turning patients for LBP prevention. A total of nine lumbar load combinations consisting of three foot placements (parallel stance, left forward, and right forward) and three arm movement orders (parallel, right first, and left first) were investigated via surface electromyography (sEMG) measurement during patient turning. The results of sEMG showed that a combination using anteroposterior foot placement (right forward) and parallel arm movement (both left and right arm operated at the same time) performed turning patient with the smallest activity for both left and right erector spinae muscles. These results indicate that a combination of anteroposterior foot placement and parallel arm movement could provide a suitable posture to reduce lumbar loads during patient turning.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Hybrid Learning Space as an Alternative for Physical Education Learning
Post Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Herman Syah Johan Irmansyah Lalu Hulfian and Muhammad Ridwan Lubis The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in educational disruptions in around 80% of children worldwide and has had a devastating impact on the effectiveness of physical education (PE) learning. This research aims to design a hybrid learning space (HLS) as an alternative to PE learning post the pandemic. The participants consisted of 72 PE teachers spread across 35 Senior High Schools and covered in 12 sub-districts in Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. This research used a mix of methods with embedded design, which combined qualitative and quantitative methods with data collection techniques through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), interviews, and teacher's assessment questionnaires. Qualitative data analysis uses inductive content analysis, which includes data collection, data coding, theme mapping, finding reporting, and interpretation of the meaning of the findings. Meanwhile, quantitative data analysis uses statistic descriptive which aims to get an overview of the assessment results from teacher. The results of qualitative data analysis showed that the design of HLS had conformity with the conditions, needs, and characteristics of high school students, and can be implemented directly in PE learning. Meanwhile, the results of quantitative analysis showed a high percentage of assessment from teachers about the efficiency of the design of HLS, although there were still various internal and external factors that hinder the PE learning.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Effect of Stunting Handling and Physical Activity on Motor Ability and
Concentration of School Children
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Wilda Welis Darni Khairuddin Muhamad Sazeli Rifki and Ahmad Chaeroni Improving the quality of Indonesia's human resources is a national development goal. The achievement of quality resources is supported by improved nutrition starting at an early age. The impact of malnutrition, including stunting at an early age, causes impaired motor development of children and ultimately reduces the quality of adult human resources. This study aims to reveal the causes of stunting and physical activity at an early age and the impact of stunting on motor development. The long-term goal of this research is to find ways or methods to prevent stunting and minimize the long-term effects of stunting and physical activity and their effects on children's motor skills and concentration. The design of this research is quantitative research with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The research subjects were school children and their families. The variables to be studied are stunting and motoric status of children. The data were analyzed using a different t test. The results of statistical tests with t-test stated that there were significant differences in students' motor skills before and after breakfast and physical activity. There is an effect of breakfast and the treatment of the traditional game of Sembalakon on the motor skills of students as indicated by t count (3,36)> t table (1,67) for the standing long jump test, t count (7,4)> t table (1, 67) for softball throws, t count (1,74)> t table (1,67) for zigzag run, t count (1,70)> t table (1,67) for put medicine ball, t count (4.42)> t table (1. 67) for a 50 m run.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Rubric Analysis of the Youth Volleyball Athletes from Sport Biomechanics
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Awan Hariono Andrianto Reza Mouliddina Rumpis Agus Sudarko and Carles Nyoman Wali Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine: (1) the quality of the basic open spike technique for the male athletes of the Dhaksinarga Gunungkidul volleyball club and (2) the quality of the basic open spike technique for the female athletes of the Dhaksinarga Gunungkidul volleyball club. Methods: The study used a quantitative descriptive method. The population of the study was the athletes of the Daksinarga Gunungkidul volleyball club, totaling 28 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with the following criteria: (1) male and female adolescent athletes, (2) playing as a speaker, (3) not being sick. Samples that met the criteria were 14 athletes (7 males and 7 females). The instrument used an open spike technique of assessment rubric. Data analysis used descriptive percentages. Results: The results showed that: (1) The basic technique of open spike in male athletes of the Dhaksinarga Gunungkidul volleyball club is in the "very poor" category of 0.00%, "fewer" 71.43% "good" 28.57%, and "very good" by 0.00%, (2) The basic technique of open spike female athletes of the Dhaksinarga Gunungkidul volleyball club is in the "very poor" category of 0.00%, "fewer" of 100.00%, "good" of 0 .00%, and "very good" by 0.00%. Thus, the basic open spike technique for male and female athletes is in the poor category.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Development of Malaysian State Sports Schools Football Coaches' Key
Themes in Coaching Process
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Ramesh Ram Ramalu Zulakbal Abd Karim Gunathevan Elumalai and Nor Fazila Abd Malek The aim of the research is to understand and discover the key development themes of practices in the football coaching process developed by the coaches from Malaysian State Sports School. Fourteen experienced Malaysian State Sports School head coaches were involved as participants in this study and in-depth open-ended semi-structured interview method was used for data collection. Data were analyzed based on Evolved Grounded Theory consisting four core categories and fourteen subcategories emerged that make up the key development themes in coaching process; i) planning (coaching syllabus, signature coaching, individual development, fun elements, risk management), ii) deliver (heuristic, empowerment, spirituality), iii) analysing (evaluating, observation, monitoring) and iv) outcome (competence, life skills, coaching intervention). Subsequent exploration is recommended to identify how this knowledge is integrated into the coaching process and applied in the football development program.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Deer Hunting Tradition of the Kuligang Community to Identify the Types of
Sports Branches (Ethnographic Study)
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Carles Nyoman Wali Suharjana Djoko Pekik Irianto Wawan Sundawan Suherman Sigit Nugroho Dimyati and Awan Hariono The tradition of hunting deer is an inseparable part of human life in ancient times and until now the tradition of hunting in the Kuligang community is still preserved. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of sports, especially athletics. The method in this study is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The population in this study amounted to 10 Kuligang tribal chiefs, and then all of these populations were used as subjects in this study. All subjects were male with 4 people aged 54.56 and 63 years, then 3 people aged 37, 28, and 41 years, 1 person aged 79 years old, 1 person aged 80 years old and 1 person aged 68 years old. The occupations of all subjects are farmers and fishermen. The data collection in this study was observation and in-depth interviews. This study uses two sources of data, namely: 1). Sources of direct data that researchers get from the subject/ resource person, 2). Indirect data sources that researchers found from books and articles that are relevant to this research. Data analysis in this study includes data reduction, data presentation, and data conclusion drawing. The results of this study prove that there are four sports identified, namely javelin throwing, archery, running and walking, so it can be concluded that the hunting tradition of the Kuligang community has sports activities.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Impact of a Computer-Based Educational Program on Learning the
Accuracy of the Forehand Serve Skill in Squash
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Omar Jamil Al Ja'afreh The aim of this study, which employed the experimental method, was to determine the impact of a computer-based educational program on learning the accuracy of the forehand serve skill in squash. The study sample consisted of 20 students, which were chosen deliberately. They were divided into two equal groups, the experimental group, learned by using the proposed computer-based educational program for a period of six weeks, three times a week for a period of 50 minutes in each unit, and the control group, learned by using the teacher's teaching method for a period of six weeks, three times a week, for a period of 50 minutes in each unit. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the level of performance of the members of the experimental group and control group in the skill of Forehand Serve used in the squash game and in favor of the post-measurement. In addition, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the variable (Forehand Serve), which shows that the electronic educational program had a positive impact on the skill of the forehand serve and in favor of the experimental group. The researcher also recommended to use the computer on the skills to be learned and mastered, which makes the learner more focused and helps to diversify and motivate learners to improve performance for the better.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Effect of Joint Mobilization and Deep Cervical Flexor Training Applied
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Kim Tae Ho and Kang Min Bong This study was conducted to investigate the effects of cervical mobilization and deep cervical flexor training on muscle tone and pain in adults with non-specific neck pain. Using the Neck Disorder Index (NDI), 30 patients in the normal group and 30 patients in the neck pain group were classified, and comparisons were made between groups to clearly select subjects and identify the characteristics of non-specific neck pain. For 30 adults with non-specific neck pain, each was classified into the joint mobilization group, the deep cervical flexor training group, or the mixed group, and training was conducted twice a week for 10 minutes each for 4 weeks. As a result of comparing normal subjects with adults with non-specific neck pain, there was a significant difference only in the sternocleidomastoid muscle (p
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Throwing Technique Training Model for Blind Goalball Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Hendrig Joko Prasetyo Sapta Kunta Purnama Rumi Iqbal Doewes Rony Syaifullah and Sugiyanto Throwing is the main form of attack for scoring a goal in a goalball game. This research aims to design and apply throw technique training models to goalball games for blind athletes. The research uses a development study as its method. There were three forms of training models designed in this research whether experts then reviewers. Subsequently, twenty men goalball athletes, divided into two groups of ten each for experiment and control, respectively, participated in evaluating the designs in an eight-week training treatment. In the evaluation process, Aiken V was used to assess the validity of designs. The goalball throw velocity test was used to evaluate both groups' throw velocity, and an independent t-test was used to test differences in both groups' throw velocity. The research shows that the three training models designed are valid (Aiken V value> 0.69). Independent t-test shows that tcount (4.97)> table (2.10) with sig 0.00. It was further demonstrated that the experimental group achieved better throw velocity improvement than its control counterpart. It is assumed that the three throwing technique training models designed were pronounced valid and effective in improving goalball throw velocity.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Teaching in Physical Education during Pandemic COVID-19: A Study of
University Teachers
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Alejandro Almonacid Fierro Andrew Philominraj Rodrigo Vargas Vitoria and Noelva Eliana Montoya Grisales The COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis deepening in the current world context, characterized by enormous globalization and scientific-technical development processes. The research aims to understand how university teachers of Physical Education had to reinvent the discipline and the pedagogical relationship based on bodily practices during the two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based on the interpretative-comprehensive paradigm, with a qualitative methodology. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with university professors from two regional universities, located in the Maule region, Chile. The first category that emerges is Virtual Education, which is related to the challenges faced by teachers with distance learning. The second category refers to the pandemic's impact on the teaching staff's socio-emotional aspects, manifested through fatigue, exhaustion, and stress, affecting teaching practices due to the precarious work and the adverse conditions generated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of conclusions, we can affirm that the COVID-19 pandemic caused profound changes in the teaching and learning processes in the area of Physical Education, with negative consequences for the moment, for the teaching staff as well as for the university students.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Tennis Ball Exersice: Variation to Increase Arm Muscle Strength in Martial
Athletes at Sriwijaya State Sports School
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Aprizal Fikri Reza Resah Pratama Widiastuti Samsudin Muslimin Aridhotul Haqiyah Arizky Ramadhan Bayu Hardiyono and Arif Hidayat Strength is one of the biomotor components as the foundation to support technical ability in martial arts. To prove the effectiveness of arm muscle strength training using tennis in martial arts athletes at the Sriwijaya State Sports School was the purpose of this study. The experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design was used. The experimental group (E G) performed arm muscle strength training using tennis balls with a frequency of 6 times a week for 1 month. The control group (C G) did arm muscle strength training by means of push-up only without using variations of movement or (conventional) equipment with the same frequency as the experimental group. The subjects in this study were 50 martial arts athletes aged 14-17 years which consisted of 10 pencak silat athletes, 7 judo athletes, 9 taekwondo athletes, 7 karate athletes, 10 wrestling athletes and 7 wushu athletes, separated into 2 groups, E G (n=25) and C G (n=25).The instruments used in the study were: 1 minute push-up assisted by the Fikri Muscle Strength Test application. Data analysis in this study used the statistical method paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test using SPSS 21 to see the effectiveness of arm muscle strength training using a tennis ball. The results of data analysis showed that there was a higher increase in the E G than the C G with the mean difference in push-up data of 3.84. The findings of this study are that the exercise variation developed is more effective than conventional exercise and the developed test instrument can help to calculate the results of the push-up test.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Psychosocial Abilities and Academic Accomplishment in Jordanian Basketball
Courses Taking the University of Jordan as a Model
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Sofyan Mohammad Alleimon This study intends to measure the level of psychosocial skills among basketball students enrolled in the University of Jordan's Faculty of Sports Sciences. The study sample included (180) male and female basketball students enrolled in courses (1), (2), and (3). Their selection was determined by a thorough survey of the study population. The researcher utilized SPSS version 23. To achieve the study's aims, descriptive analysis was used to process the primary data collected via the primary research instrument (the questionnaire). The study produced some noteworthy findings: The students' psychosocial abilities were average in all domains, with arithmetic averages of 2.98, except for their stress tolerance, which scored low with a 2.98 arithmetic average (2.29). "Sports achievement motivation" is placed the highest at the domain level. In contrast, "self-confidence" is placed second, "leadership and unity" ranked third, "the ability to practice widespread society ideals" ranked fourth, and "stress tolerance" ranked last. The correlation coefficients of academic achievement with the domains of psychosocial abilities ranged from (0.61 to 0.88). There were no statistically significant gender or curriculum differences at the psychosocial abilities domains. The average male estimate for the entire level of the psychosocial abilities scale was 3.15, whereas the average female estimate was roughly 2.77, indicating that the discrepancies favor males. The study's results also indicated that basketball players' psychosocial skills (3) are superior to those of basketball players (1). (2). Based on these findings, the study recommends focusing on formulating specialized qualitative programs in cooperation and coordination between the relevant authorities to develop psychosocial capacities and attempting to include them within the components of the study plans while activating the role of training courses and scientific lectures in boosting self-confidence and motivation for athletic achievement, as well as the ability to deal with stress and the pressures of competition.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Development of Gymnastics Models to Lower the Risk of Diabetic Ulcers in
Diabetics
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Mulyaningsih Isna Qadrijati Sri Mulyani Vitri Widyaningsih and Nasri Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition characterized by increased glucose levels in the blood. DM patients are at risk of diabetic foot ulcers. To lower the risk, DM patients need to exercise to train aerobics, balance, endurance, and legs. For this reason, this study aims to produce a gymnastics model that combines aerobics, balance training, resistance training, and leg training. Research using the Research and Development method refers to the Borg &Gall development model, which aims to produce products. Instrument development involves six stages: needs analysis, initial product development, expert assessment, initial product revision, trial, and final product. The results showed that the percentage of the results of expert assessments and trials was more significant than 80%, so this model is said to be very feasible. So it can be concluded that the gymnastics model which combines aerobics, balance exercises, resistance training, and leg training is feasible and applied to diabetic patients. The gymnastics help prevent or lower the risk of diabetic foot ulcers in people with DM.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Gymnastics Training Consequences: Possibility of Upper and Lower Body Pain
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Surdiniaty Ugelta Nina Sutresna Asti Rahayu Afianti Sulastri and Jajat In gymnastics, injury is one of the causes of not achieving training goals. This is likely to happen to athletes, instructors, and participants in general. The severity type of the injury is determined by the type of gymnastic activity performed. This study aimed to examine the potential for injury or pain that can occur in the upper body and lower body, before and after exercise. This research was conducted using a descriptive research design, which involved a population sample of 108 Indonesian female gymnastics athletes. Data were obtained through observation and questionnaires regarding the condition of the athletes before and after participating in the exercise. The results showed that the most pain occurred in the upper body area (shoulder, back and waist), while the lower body parts where the injury commonly emerged were the hips, hamstrings, and the hollow of the legs. It is also possible that the injury came up long after the exercise. From the observation data, the highest incidence of pain in the upper body is in the waist (34 people) and the least is in the shoulders. While in the lower body, the most pain complaints occurred in the pelvis (30 people) and the least occurred in the thighs (5 people). Thus, it can be concluded that the potential for injury due to movement activities in gymnastics has different proportions for each location. Based on these findings, to avoid the negative impact of these injuries, it is necessary to carry out strengthening exercises in areas that are prone to experiencing pain or injury.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Integrating Life Skills into Kid's Athletics Program on Extracurricular
Activities
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Eka Nugraha Yusuf Hidayat Asep Sumpena Salman and Ricky Wibowo Life skills play a crucial role in the success of individual lives, but research related to life skills in sports activities, especially athletics is still very limited. This study aims to determine the effect of integrating life skills into the Kid's athletics program on extracurricular activities in elementary schools. A quasi-experimental method was administered in this study with a questionnaire technique for the data collection. Collected samples using purposive sampling, forty-five elementary school students aged 11-12 years (11.4±1.1) participating in extracurricular activities were taken as the research subjects. The samples were divided into three groups: the experimental group with an intentionally structured kid athletic program, the experimental group with the unintentionally structured kid athletic program, and the control group without any treatment. All groups were assigned a ten-session program. The results showed a significant difference between the value of the life skills integrated into the Kid's athletics program and the group in the Kid's athletics program that did not integrate life skills (p>0.05). This study indicates that life skills can be developed through Kids' athletic programs by integrating them into extracurricular activities and sports, with the hope that students can implement them in everyday life to be valuable and successful in facing various life challenges in the future.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Reliability and Factorial Validity of Badminton Basic Skill among
Badminton Beginner Athletes: A Preliminary Study
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Yusuf Hidayat Yunyun Yudiana Burhan Hambali and Reshandi Nugraha This preliminary study aimed to conduct factorial validity and reliability of the Badminton Basic Skills (BBS), involving both outcome-based (quality of hit) and process-based (quality of movement) on two basic skills (BS), namely high service and clear lob. The study was conducted on 20 beginner badminton athletes aged 10 to 12 from two badminton clubs. The instrument used was an adapted action method developed by Novick (1996) for law tennis to measure the constructs, further elaborating on the dimensions, indicators, and behavioral items. Analysis was conducted using Lawshe's CVR formula, exploratory factor analysis, inter rater validity, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, interclass correlation, and Cronbach Alpha. Data analysis showed estimation of content validity (0.25-1.00), factorial validity (0.62-0.83), test and retest reliability (0.80-0.94), and interrater reliability (0.82-0.92). This early validation study confirmed that both outcome and process-based BBS tests could be used to measure and evaluate the BBS acquisition level for badminton beginning athletes aged between 10 and 12 years old.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Student Performance Analysis in Volleyball Learning: The Use of a Modified
Volleyball Information System Application
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Yunyun Yudiana Sucipto Yusuf Hidayat and Burhan Hambali This study aimed to analyze the performance of students in volleyball learning by using the Modified Volleyball Information System assessment. This research used the quantitative descriptive method. A total of 99 male students with an age range of 15-18 years (Mean=17.04, SD=0.67) were involved in learning the game of volleyball at the high school level (SMA) in Bandung, Indonesia. The research instrument was a Modified Volleyball Information System application that measures six basic volleyball skills in the playing process, namely service, receive, set, spike, block, and dig. The results of the analysis prove that the student's performance in performing volleyball skills can be described by the percentage of success ranging from 36% to 90%, while the percentage of failure ranges from 10% to 64%. In addition, there was a positive correlation between basic skill scores and the overall score obtained by students after completing the game. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that using the Modified Volleyball Information System application in volleyball learning can be one of the parameters to see students' abilities in carrying out movement tasks. The use of a Modified Volleyball Information System in the context of volleyball learning in schools can be an alternative assessment used by teachers, so that teachers can provide direct feedback to students about the learning outcomes that have been implemented.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Effect of Physical Activity-Based Physical Education Learning Model in
the Form of Games
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Gusril Willadi Rasyid Anton Komaini Ahmad Chaeroni and Ummi Kalsum This study aims to determine the effect of the physical education learning model based on physical activity in the form of games for the Anak Dalam Sakai Tribe in the interior of Riau Province, Indonesia. This research begins with developing a product using the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. The research sample is 30 people. The data collection instruments were observation, documentation, questionnaires and tests for physical education (PE), sports and health (PJOK). Data were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the study can be concluded as follows: (1) The playing activities of the Orang Rimba in Sakai Riau Province are in the sufficient category; (2) The design of the PJOK learning model for the Suku Anak Dalam Sakai, Riau Province consists of a traditional game of dust ball, putting nails in a bottle, throwing and catching small balls, dragon snakes, rubber jumps, long jumps without a prefix and throwing the ball with a zig zag run; (3) The Suku Anak Dalam Sakai PJOK learning model based on valid and practical play activities; (4) The Suku Anak PJOK learning model in Sakai Riau Province based on valid, practical and effective play activities.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Markerless Motion Capture System Based on Webcams Using OpenPose
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Wootaek Lim Recently, webcam-based motion capture systems have attracted tremendous attention as alternative low-cost motion analysis tools, owing to the rapid advancement of markerless technologies. Although the upper and lower limbs are moved simultaneously in most function activities in daily life, most existing studies focused on kinematic data observed in the hip and knee joints during gait. The purpose of this study was to measure the kinematic data of the upper and lower limb simultaneously during modified squat, using low-cost webcams and to compare them to those of the 3D marker-based motion capture system. The modified squat was performed nine times in total without rest in between. The modified squat consisted of hip and knee flexion with elbow flexion. During modified squat, the kinematic data were collected using 4 RGB cameras and 13 Vicon cameras. The positions of the joints were obtained using OpenPose and the 3D positions were reconstructed using OpenCV. Angular trajectories from the Vicon motion capture system tended to be very similar to the ones from the webcam-based motion capture system. There was no significant difference in the kinematic data at the elbow between two different capture systems. Additionally, the minimum joint angles at the hip and knee were not significantly different. It was confirmed that the markerless motion capture system based on webcam can measure angular joint motions at the same level as the Vicon 3D motion capture system with markers. The webcam-based motion capture system will enhance the usability in clinical settings.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- Self-confidence and Physical Capacity of 1500 Meters Running of Mentally
Retarded Athletes after Functional Training
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Waluyo Sapta Kunta Purnama Rumi Iqbal Doewes Mohammad Furqon Hidayatullah and Sugiyanto Purpose: Explain the self-confidence and physical capacity of mentally retarded athletes of 1500 meter run after functional training. Materials and methods: The research method used a quantitative study with a survey design. Totally, 20 mentally retarded athletes of 1500 meter run participated in a functional training program for 8 weeks. Researchers used the Personal Evaluation Inventory to explain self-confidence. Physical capacity was tested by a 3-min step test, knee push-ups, and a timed get-up and go (TGUG) test. Self-confidence data were analyzed by KMO factor analysis and Bartlett's Test. Paired t-test was used to evaluate differences in the training groups. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the physical capacity of mentally retarded athletes after undergoing functional training for 8 weeks (p-value < 0.05). Furthermore, there is a relationship between the self-confidence variable and each subscale (p-value = 0.001 for athletics, 0.002 for mood, 0.005 for general). Conclusions: During participating in the 1500 m running sport, the self-confidence of mentally retarded athletes can develop. To support the self-confidence of mentally retarded athletes, functional training was needed. Through functional training, the physical capacity of mentally retarded athletes increases so as to increase the self-confidence of mentally retarded athletes and produce maximum performance in their sports, so athletics is a sports field where they excel, do not feel worried and anxious in sports, feel better than their age, do not humble themselves, feel optimistic and positive, do not have self-doubt, and are able to handle problems successfully. The research findings have explained the reasons for the self-confidence of mentally retarded athletes of 1500 m run which can be a new understanding in building the self-confidence of mentally retarded athletes, especially in the 1500 m running sport.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- A Development of Aerobic Gymnastics Flexibility Test for the National
Development Category: A Construct of Content Validity and Reliability
Approach
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Ratna Budiarti Siswantoyo Endang Rini Sukamti Christina Fajar Sriwahyuniati Ari Iswanto Rozita Abdul Latif Sutoro and Yulvia Miftachurochmah Background: Test instrument for flexibility is indispensable in several sports in the national development category, including aerobic gymnastics. However, the fact shows that no aerobic gymnastic flexibility test instrument is yet in the national development category. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the aerobic gymnastic flexibility test in the national development category. Design/ methodology/ approach: This research is a research & development supported by qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data collection was carried out with the Delphi technique, involving ten experts. The data analysis used Aiken's to test the validity and Cronbach alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) to test the reliability between raters. Results: The results show that the value of all items' Aiken's coefficient was above 0.70, so it can be said that all items were valid. With the Cronbach's Alpha value showed 0.919 and ICC showed 0.911, and each rater consistency was 0.507, it can be said that the instrument was very reliable. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that aerobic gymnastic flexibility test instrument in the national development category has high content validity and an excellent agreement between raters, with the consistency of each rater also quite well. For the test instrument to be much more precise, it is suggested to conduct empirical validity tests and reliably test-retests for athletes or non-athletes of the Age Group 1 category for 12-14 years old and Age Group 2 for 15-17 years old.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Effect of Triceps Brachii Fatigue Due to Isometric Contraction on
Elbow, Velocity and Accuracy of Overhead Smash in Badminton
Abstract: Publication date: Oct 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 5 Ibtehal M Alkhawaldeh Introduction: In order to execute the overhead assault with the front racket in badminton, the triceps brachii muscle must stretch the elbow joint. Even though this muscle is crucial for accomplishing this talent, it's crucial to investigate how localised triceps brachii exhaustion affects the ability to execute the overhead shot with the front racket. Therefore, the central continuous contraction was chosen to cause local fatigue in the triceps brachii muscle. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to ascertain how the central isometric contraction, which causes triceps brachii muscle exhaustion, affects the elbow movement, velocity, and accuracy of the shuttlecock when performing the forehand overhead jump smash skill. Method: The study sample consists of 12 international badminton players who have participated in the World Championships and Olympic Games and use the right hand as a favorite according to the following averages (age 25.3 ± 1.2 years, mass 70.20 ± 2.31 kg, height 1.81 ± 0.11 m, training age 7.9 ± 2.1 years, Medicine ball throw test (1) kg overhead 2.96 ± 2.31 kg, distance 1.81 ±0.11 m). They were asked to perform a crushing throw accuracy test, and then they were subjected to a maximal voluntary isometric contraction test. After that, they were asked to repeat the crushing throw accuracy test. The two tests of shooting the crushing throw, before and after, were filmed for the purposes of kinetic analysis through the Kinovea 0.9.5 program. The Automatic Shuttlecock Launcher and the Stalker Sport 2 Radar devices were used. Results: After using statistical means such as statistical averages, standard deviations, and the Wilkeson test, the results showed a negative effect with statistical significance at the level (α < 0.05) of the triceps brachii muscle fatigue caused by the isometric contraction on the movement of the elbow, the velocity and accuracy of the crushing blow against the front racket overhead among the badminton players. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was recommended that the muscle strength of the triceps brachii should be raised to increase its tolerance to local fatigue resulting from its continuous use among badminton players.
PubDate: Oct 2022
- The Character Values in the Karate Oath Tradition
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Gede Hendri Ari Susila Nyoman Dantes I Nyoman Kanca and Ida bagus Putu Arnyana Strengthening character education comes from the values of Pancasila, Religion and Culture. Introducing karate to children is one of the ideal ways to develop character values so that the concept of supporting character education can be instilled through the karate oath tradition. The karate oath tradition consists of 5 sentences which include: (1) maintaining personality; (2) adhering to honesty; (3) being able to enhance achievement; (4) maintaining good manners; and (5) being able to control themselves. Knowing and understanding the content of character values in the karate oath tradition is the aim of this study. The method in this research uses content analysis with a qualitative approach, and the data source comes from a karate practice pocketbook. The content of the karate oath sentences becomes the focus of analysis in this study. The data collection was carried out by careful analysis and recording of the character values contained in the karate oath sentences. The results showed that the five sentences in the karate oath contain 18 character values: tolerance, discipline, nationalism, social care, love of peace, responsibility, independence, communication, honesty, love for the homeland, respect for achievement, creativity, and curiosity. So introducing karate from an early age (7 years old) is highly recommended. Besides that, it has a positive effect on physical development and fitness. The mental quality of children from improving character education will grow and develop.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Teaching Game for Understanding (TGfU) Learning Design for Basketball
Games in Physical Education
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Albert Wolter Aridan Tangkudung and Yafi Velyan Mahyudi The concept of teaching in physical education has evolved from a teacher-centered approach to a more student-centered approach to develop problem-solving skills and critical thinking in games. This study aims to provide insight and better understand the TGfU pedagogical process of in-game teaching. The method used is a quasi-experimental mixed-methods with a pre-test and post-test design and involves 43 students consisting of (21 girls and 22 boys). The results of the study based on the average difference test on female students showed that the decision-making variable value t = 28,06, technical execution 17,01, game performance 29,06, enjoyment 17,87 significantly α = 0,05 is 1,721. Male students, the value of decision-making 18,56, technical execution 13,54, game performance 13,53, and enjoyment 16,15 significantly α = 0,05 is 1,782. All variables give students the ability to solve learning problems. Students can think to make decisions, be actively involved in the game, have opportunities to learn basketball game techniques well, and participate in game patterns when attacking or defending in the TGfU unit. TGfU also provides enjoyment for students in the physical education learning process in basketball games. The advantage of using the TGfU approach can provide ideas for teachers to make game designs so that students are effectively involved in this unit, and students' abilities and skills in learning the game of basketball can be achieved.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Do Age, Gender, and Match Experience Affect the Mental Toughness of
Martial Art Athletes'
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Albert Wolter Aridan Tangkudung Aridhotul Haqiyah James Tangkudung Dindin Abidin Hasan Basri and Mar’atul Mahmudah Mental factor is one of the factors that should be prepared to achieve high performing athlete. In the athlete rehearsal preparation, mental toughness condition needs to be identified to keep the athletes fit when they have some difficulties in a match, feel the pressure during the match, and take behavior control, so that they will not get stressed easily. This study aims to find whether age, gender, and match experience affect the athlete's mental toughness. The study was done to 174 (age = 19.69 ± 2.89) martial art athletes in Bekasi who were preparing themselves for a province/regional level match (PORPROV West Java 2022). Instrument of mental toughness refers to mental toughness dimension namely: control, commitment, challenge, and confidence. Data were analysed by using multiple logistic regression and cross tab. The result shows that mental toughness of martial art athletes was influenced by gender and match experience. Most of them are on the high level of mental toughness, and the majority is the men at the age of 19 to 22 who have experience in doing a national match. In addition, the relationship observed in this study emphasizes the need of coping and optimism training in mental toughness intervention.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Effect of Jumping and Hopping Training Models Using Digital Mattress
for Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Dewi Septaliza Achmad Sofyan Hanif Yusmawati Firmansyah Dlis Moch Asmawi Widiastuti and Hernawan The goal of this research is to examine the effect of jumping and hopping training models using digital mattress for intellectually disabled children. This research was conducted at SLBN Pembina Palembang (Indonesia). The sample in this study consisted of 60 intellectually disabled children. The method used is quasi-experimental research, quantitative data analysis technique, and the design of this research is pretest-posttest control group design. The instrument used in this research is the jump and hop test. The significant test to see the effectiveness of this model is the t-test, and the value of t = 3.827 and the value of Sig. (2-tailed) or p-value = 0.000 < 0.05. This means that Ho is declined or there is a difference between the jump and hop training model using a digital mattress and the conventional training model. In brief, the jump and hop training model using a digital mattress is more effective than the conventional training model for intellectually disabled children. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that: the results of exercise with digital mattress are proven to be effective in developing the basic movement skills of jumping and hopping for intellectually disabled children compared to conventional training models.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Impact of Stimulating Community Participation on the Development of
Physical Education Activities in Educational Institutions
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Hossam S. Selim and Ahmed K. Hassan The study aimed to identify the impact of stimulating community participation on the development of sports activities in educational institutions. In addition, it sought to provide educational leaders, those in charge of sports activities programs in schools, and the Saudi Ministry of Education with sufficient information to benefit the ideas and resources of community participation in student's development generally and in physical education especially. We use the descriptive analytical approach to answer the research questions. The study sample consisted of school principals, parents, institutions and sports clubs representatives in Al-Ahsa Governorate, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The results of the study showed that there is an insufficiency of sport activities in the educational institutions and the targets of the ministry plans may not be achieved. Results also showed, despite the importance of the role of community participation in the educational development through many shreds of research evidence in previous studies, there is a weakness in the application of community participation in Saudi Arabia environment. Moreover, there are no plans involving community participation to improve and develop physical education activities in schools. In the light of these results, the main implications of the study were: 1. Developing plans and ways of cooperation between the schools, institutions, sports clubs and the concerned authorities to activate community participation and provide financial and physical support to sports activities; 2. School principals have a greater role in promoting and activating community participation through public communication and social media; 3. Activating the role of the parent's council committee to be involved and understanding the problems and obstacles that the school suffers from, and how to find out ways to improve the sports activities.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Activity of Posterior Oblique Sling Muscles during Quadruped Hip Extension
with Different Shoulder Positions
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Sieun Park and Wootaek Lim While various studies have been conducted on trunk muscle activation in the quadruped position, no research has been conducted on posterior oblique sling (POS) muscle activation in the quadruped position despite its clinical importance. It has been demonstrated that the movement of the upper extremity affects the muscle activity of the contralateral lower extremity through the POS. The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG of the POS muscles during quadruped hip extension (QHE) with different shoulder positions. The participants performed hip extension in the quadruped position without shoulder movement (quadruped hip extension; QHE), QHE with shoulder extension and internal rotation (QHE with SEI), and QHE with shoulder flexion and external rotation (QHE with SFE). EMG of the POS muscles was measured during three different positions. During the QHE with SFE position, the lower trapezius has the highest EMG among all the POS muscles. Additionally, the contralateral erector spinae, ipsilateral erector spinae, and gluteus maximus presented higher EMG activity during QHE with SFE than during QHE and QHE with SEI. Therefore, QHE with SFE position may be clinically recommended as an effective exercise to improve EMG activity of POS muscles and increase lumbopelvic stability.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Effects of Cat and Mouse Playing on Inner Leg Passing Ability at SSB
SJS Luwuk
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Muhammad Salahuddin Armin Haluti Ardiansyah Nur and Akbar Sudirman The game of football in Banggai regency is progressive and has the potential for outstanding athletes. The existence of the SSB SJS Luwuk football school in Banggai regency is a proof of this. SJS Luwuk Football School has several categories of age levels, from U-10 to U-17. The enthusiasm of the players in attending the football school is very good but many obstacles in the children's ability to pass the inner leg in the regular exercises are still found. In the implementation of passing, they still cannot pass properly and cannot direct the ball according to the target in the game especially at the age of 14. However, in this study, only 27 people aged 14 years were included. This study was designed to test the effectiveness of playing cat and mouse playing on the ability to pass feet in soccer games at SSB SJS Luwuk. This research was designed using a quantitative method, One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design. In processing the data obtained: Initial data are obtained by giving the inner leg passing, so that the Shapiro-Wilk value is 0.510 with n = 27 while the value of sig = 0.510> 0.05 indicating the final test can be seen on the ability of foot passing distributed football game. The post-test data of foot passing ability in football games obtain a Shapiro-Wilk value of 0.320 with n = 27 while the value of significance = 0.320 is greater than 0.05. The cat-and-mouse exercise has an influence on the ability to pass the legs in the game, namely t count = 8,231 (sig = 0.000 < 0.05). The number (mean) in the pre-test is 8.44 and the post-test result is 11.41 so there is an increase of 2.97. So the game of cat and mouse should be used in the warm-up time and before starting training to increase foot passing skills in football games.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Gait Classification and Physical Function Characteristics in Maintenance
Hemodialysis Patients
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Takuya Ito and Yasuhiko Hatanaka Only walking velocity has been reported as a performance measure of gait in hemodialysis patients, and no kinematic or kinetic analysis has been reported. We evaluated basic information, physical function, aging, dialysis-related complications, and gait in 23 outpatients (≥60 years old) who could walk independently. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using joint angles, joint moments, and gait parameters during gait. The gait of hemodialysis patients was classified into two clusters: Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. Cluster 1 gait showed a longer hemodialysis duration, higher dialysis amyloidosis severity, knee joint pain, lower ankle plantarflexion weakness, and lower extremity joint dysfunction than Cluster 2. The gait of Cluster 1 patients consisted of flexion of the knee joint, ankle joint, and trunk, and excessive knee joint flexion was observed in the stance phase to escape posterior knee joint pain. Cluster 1 patients were also unable to kick out sufficiently, and their walking rate and walking velocity were decreased. Cluster 2 patients had a shorter hemodialysis duration than Cluster 1. External forces exerted on the knee joint in the hyperextension direction during gait could cause pain and inflammation of the posterior knee joint.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Comparison of Postural Control During Sit-To-Stand between Typically
Developing Children Aged 4 to 12 Years and Young Adults
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Duangporn Suriyaamarit Sujitra Boonyong Dannaovarat Chamonchant and Potjanun Mapaisansin Postural control is a fundamental requirement for performing all functional tasks, including standing up from a chair. Although there is a broad literature on postural control development in typically developing (TD) children, there is a lack of specific information on TD children performing the sit-to-stand (STS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the development of postural control during STS in TD children of different age groups. Fifty-eight healthy TD children aged 4–12 years and 19 adults participated in this study. They were separated into four groups: 4–6 years, 7–9 years, 10–12 years, and adults. All participants were asked to perform the STS movement with a self-selected pattern. Participants' dynamic stability was quantified according to centre of mass (COM) displacement and velocity in the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical directions during the four phases (flexion-momentum, momentum-transfer, extension, and stabilization) of the STS movement. The development of postural control was different in each phase of STS. During the flexion-momentum, extension, and stabilization phases, children aged 4–12 had higher COM displacements and velocities than adults. In the momentum-transfer phases, children aged 4-9 had higher COM displacements and velocities than other groups. In addition, children aged 4¬6 had the highest COM velocity during the extension phase of the STS movement. Children aged 4–12 years and adults used different strategies to control COM during STS movement. Adult-like postural control during STS was not found in children aged 10–12 years.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Wheelchair User's Barriers in Physical Activity: Rural VS. Urban Area
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Kunjung Ashadi Mochammad Purnomo Subuh Isnur Haryudo Sapto Wibowo Oce Wiriawan Hari Setijono Soegiyanto Sugiharto Tri Rustiadi Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani and Shamsul Azhar Shah Individuals with disabilities experience more significant challenges in carrying out physical activity than the general population. Previous studies have identified physical activity and fitness levels without measuring barriers to physical activity. This study examines how wheelchair users assess obstacles to physical activity and looks for the significant factors that hinder the biological activity of wheelchair users in urban and rural areas. The method in this research is a cross-sectional study. An online survey was used to obtain information on physical activity barriers in wheelchair users. A total of 81 respondents consisting of 40 wheelchair users from rural areas and 41 from urban areas, filled out the Barriers Physical Activity Questionnaire Mobility Impairment (BPAQ-MI) with a response rate of 70% during one month of data collection. The analysis data technique is mean, percentage, and an independent sample's T-test to compare physical activity barriers between wheelchair users in urban and rural areas. The chief obstacles to physical activity are friends and family as a support system (p
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Recreational Soccer, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Health: A
Training-Intervention Study in Healthy Adolescents
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Marios Hadjicharalambous Nikolaos Zaras Andreas Apostolidis and Fotini Tsofliou Recreational soccer (RS) is widely used for adolescents as a physical activity method. However, its impact on physical fitness, body composition and metabolic health in adolescents has not been extensively examined yet. The purpose of the present study was to examine the contribution of changes in body fatness and aerobic capacity to modifications in circulating blood lipids profile, following 8-weeks of RS in healthy youth. Fifty-three healthy male adolescents were separated in three groups: one performed RS (3 times x 60 min/week); the other two were served as control groups [soccer-specific training (SST) one and inactive one]. Physical fitness, body composition and blood lipids and glucose responses were evaluated before and after 8-weeks of exercise intervention. Post-intervention body weight and body fat percentage (BF%) were lowered, while physical fitness was improved (p < 0.05) in SST group only. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher (n2 = .378) and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio was lower (n2 = .195) in the SST group relative to RS and inactive groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although RS may improve aerobic capacity, relative to inactive control group, it does not influence body fatness and cardiometabolic health in adolescents. Consequently, RS may not secure health benefit during the crucial transition period from adolescence to adulthood.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Blended Teaching Design and Practice for Physical Education
Specialized Course
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Shi Shaowei Zainuddin Z. A. and Huang Kun The proposal of the core competence of the physical education (PE) discipline in the curriculum reform reflects the increasing requirements for the training of talents in the new era, and the occurrence of COVID-19's epidemic era has accelerated the pace of teaching reform. Internet technology plays a vital role in promoting teaching reform during the epidemic period. The large-scale online teaching experience during the epidemic control period makes people realise they need to change education in the post-epidemic era. The new normality of education should be a blended teaching model, the critical point and breakthrough of PE specialized courses reform. This study takes blended learning as the primary research object and puts forward the design strategies for the blended teaching of PE majors from five aspects: the principles of teaching design, teaching methods, teaching resources, teaching process and learning evaluation. Then we select the football specialized course of the Physical Education Department of Handan University as an example to perform the teaching practice and effect analysis. Practical research shows that the teaching of this study can effectively promote students' learning.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- A Rhythmic Activity Learning Model Based on Javanese Traditional Dance to
Improve Rhythmic Skills
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Farida Mulyaningsih Wawan S. Suherman Pamuji Sukoco and Ermawan Susanto Rhythmic activity is part of physical education learning that has an influence on students' rhythmic skills. This study aims to produce a rhythmic activity learning model based on Javanese traditional dance to improve the rhythmic skills of elementary school students. This research was pursued by using the research & development method. The research procedure consisted of four stages; Stage 1. Preliminary study (N=30); Stage 2. Model development; Stage 3. Model validation (N=5); and Stage 4. Model trial (N=64). The data collection technique used is in the form of a model feasibility test. Data analysis through Confirmation Factor Analysis (CFA) is summarized in the form of quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that: (1) The rhythmic activity learning model based on Javanese traditional dance has 7 warm-up movements, 15 core movements, and 4 cooling down movements; (2) The learning model of rhythmic activity based on Javanese traditional dance is effective for improving students' rhythmic skills, in terms of the aspects of memorizing movements (2.738 ± 0.556), the accuracy of movements (3.224 ± 0.529), the flexibility of movements (2.617 ± 0.540), and seriousness of movements (3.158 ± 0.521). Based on the results of the model feasibility test, it is known that the level of implementation of the rhythmic activity model based on Javanese traditional dance is very high at 90.26% and the quality of the rhythmic activity model based on Javanese traditional dance is very high at 92.75%. Through qualitative analysis, it is known that the rhythmic activity model based on traditional Javanese dance is suitable for use in learning rhythmic activities for elementary school students.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Reliability of Evaluation Parameters of Ground Reaction Force in Stepping
Motion
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Yusuke Oyama Maki Kameoka Yusuke Sakaguchi Toshio Murayama and Tamaki Ohta The purpose of this study was to 1) examine the reliability of the evaluation parameters of the ground reaction force (GRF) in the stepping motion among middle-aged and elderly people, and 2) calculate the number of steps required for the analysis of the stepping motion. Participants were 128 middle-aged and elderly individuals regularly exercising at a health promotion facility. Participants performed 3 trials of the stepping motion for 10 seconds at the optimum speed on the same spot. We used a force plate to measure the vertical GRF during the stepping motion. The number of cycles and spatiotemporal parameters (8 mechanical parameters, 6 temporal parameters) were evaluated from the waveform of the GRF. Results showed that the number of cycles in the stepping motion was higher in the 2nd and 3rd trials than in the 1st trial, and the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were as high as .837 for men and .840 for women. When comparing the two consecutive steps of 10 steps after the start of the stepping motion, the stepping motion was in a steady state from the 3rd step because the difference between the two steps became smaller after the 3rd step. Furthermore, when the number of steps required to ensure reliability was calculated using the ICC (1, 1) of each parameter, it was shown that 15 or more steps were required. Our results suggested that stepping motion may be able to secure high reliability with a smaller number of steps than gait.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Effect of Gobak Sodor Game on the Increase of Tai Sabaki in Adolescent
Kenshi Dojo Triharjo
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 FransFile Manihuruk Djoko Pekik Irianto Suharjana Widiyanto Gunathevan Elumalai and Carles Nyoman Wali Background: Tai Sabaki technique is one of the basic techniques in Shorinji Kempo martial arts. Every move made by a kenshi must have elements of the tai sabaki technique regardless of the level in shorinji kempo martial arts. Therefore, the tai sabaki technique must be justified through various training methods, because the tai sabaki technique will play an important role when a kenshi attacks or defends. This study aims to determine the effect of the game gobag sodor on the improvement of the Tai Sabaki technique in martial arts kempo, in which there are factors of speed, accuracy and agility. The method in this research is an experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were the teenage kenshi of Triharjo with a total of 20 teenage kenshis. The sample of the study was 20 adolescent conditions which were determined by using purposive sampling technique. The analytical technique used is descriptive quantitative as outlined in the form of a percentage. The results of the study show that 1). The influence of the game gobag sodor on the tai saibaki technique in the training process at the Triharjo dojo. 2). The gobag sodor game has a positive impact on adolescent kenshi in expressing their ability to perform shorinji kempo martial arts techniques. 3). The improvement of adolescent kenshi ability on the tai saibaki technique can be seen from the results of the pretest and posttest, where the results of the pretest are 18.50% and the post-test are 35.80%. Thus, the game of gobag sodor can improve the Tai Sabaki technique in shorinji kempo martial arts.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Comparative Analysis of Sports Development and Management between Rural
Communities in Ukraine and Europe
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Tetiana Dorofieieva The paper compares the current state of sports development and management in rural Ukraine with other countries in Europe. By conducting the comparison, it aims to find the bottlenecks that can be improved in order to enhance the state of sports management in Ukraine. Rural Ukraine is deprived of laws and opportunities that allow for the development of sports facilities. This research takes an in-depth look into the opportunities that Europe's other countries have yet Ukraine doesn't. The purpose of this research is to analyze what can be improved upon and how Ukraine's rural areas bring change into their current sports condition. The paper used a secondary methodology, which involved analysis of literature from past researches into developing a comparative assessment of how other countries are achieving sports development and how Ukraine can manage it as well. The results showcase that Ukraine still requires a lot of work, effort, time and money to be invested for sports management to prosper. Various limitations were imposed on the research such as lack of time and resources, which limited the comparison to within Europe only. The social implications of such research are that the youth of any underdeveloped country can use the research to bring real change in how sports management is developed and maintained in their countries.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Peculiarities of the Influence of Fitness Special Means on the Speed and
Strength and Coordination Indicators of Young Football Players
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Natalia Yu. Tarabrina Tomasz Wilczewski and Agnieszka Połaniecka Background: The problem of increasing coordination and conditioning abilities of young football players largely determining the level of manifestation of such motor qualities as agility, speed and strength can be solved with the help of additional means of fitness. The purpose is to study the effect of a specialized fitness program on the indicators of speed-force and coordination abilities of young football players. Material and methods: The pedagogical experiment lasted 6 months, involving 40 athletes-football players in the age of 8.97±0.04 years old (height: 139.72±1.08 cm; body mass: 31.71±0.66 kg). Children of the experimental group (n=24) were engaged in a specially designed fitness program, including exercises with different fitness equipment in the transitional mesocycle 2 times a week for 45 min, and in the preparatory one - once a week (45 min). The remaining 16 players served as a control group and continued their traditional training. Coordination abilities were determined with the help of tests "running 30 m with the ball at least 3 touches", "hitting a stationary ball from a running distance" (corridor of 10 m) and "juggling with a ball". To assess the speed and strength abilities we used "speed of running for 30 m", "long jump from a place", "pulling up from the high bar". Statistical processing was performed using Microsoft Excel and software package "STATISTICA 10.0". The parametric Student's t-test was used in the study. Differences were significant at P
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Volleyball Game Passing Test Design and Validation
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Destriana Destriani Ahmad Richard Victorian and Muslimin This study aims to carry out the research, which is a description of what steps will be made and what will be carried out during the implementation of the passing test. The development of volleyball game skills test tools uses research and development (Research and Development). The development research in this exercise uses the ADDIE research and development model. This study uses ADDIE instructional design model Analysis phase, Design phase, Development phase, Implementation phase and Evaluation Phase. This research has reached the stage of developing a prototype for a test kit. Expert validation assessment indicators are in terms of convenience, usefulness, security, and innovation. The data analysis technique used in the development of this product is qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. (1) qualitative data analysis is used to analyze data in the form of suggestions or input from experts. (2) Descriptive analysis in the form of percentages is used to analyze the results of data collection from the initial needs analysis and expert evaluation. The data analysis technique that has been used in the development of a sensor-based volleyball game passing test uses a Likert scale. The result of expert validation obtained a percentage of 85% (Very Eligible) from volleyball game experts, obtained a percentage of 85% (Very Eligible) from test and measurement experts and 80% (very feasible) from censorship experts, so that the development of sensor-based testing tools is declared feasible to use.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Reactive Agility Instruments in Karate Kumite: Aiken Validity
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Danardono Agus Kristiyanto Sapta Kunta Purnama Tomoliyus and Nevita Ariani Background: Reactive agility test has become one of the most important issues in improving karate skills. Therefore, an instrument is needed to develop the reactive agility test for karate. This study aimed to develop the construction of a reactive agility karate instrument. Methods: This research used mixed qualitative and quantitative methods. The participants are ten experts determined by the evaluation expert and a karate expert or both criteria. The research procedure was divided into three stages. The first stage, document analysis (international journals), was used to develop the construction of reactive agility karate instruments. The second stage was expert validation using the Delphi technique. The third stage was qualitative analysis. It consisted of the suggestion from the expert judgment. Then, the expert analyzed and revised those results until there was no revision of the reactive agility karate instrument, resulting in a coefficient value. This research instrument uses a questionnaire scale of 1 to 4, namely very relevant, relevant, less relevant, and irrelevant. Then, the data analysis used the Aiken formula. This research resulted in the construction of reactive agility karate instruments, namely, the suitability of the test material with foot movements in the karate game has a coefficient value of V 1. The relevant construction for each element of karate agility has a coefficient value of V0.962. The implementation procedure has a coefficient value of V 0.851. The relevant cone distance to the karate foot movement has a coefficient value of V 1. Conclusions: Those items above resulted in a coefficient value of more than 0.70. Indeed, it can be concluded that all experts have very high agreement on the reactive agility karate test items.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Effect of Modification Psychomotor Tasks in the Virtual Reality on
Cadence and Behavioural Responses of Cycling
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Nurul Farha Zainuddin Mohd Najeb Jamaludin Izwyn Zulkapri Hosni Hasan Halijah Ibrahim and Mohd Syafiq Miswan Virtual reality is an alternative tool to provide a safe and competitive environment, especially for training and competitions. This study aims to evaluate the effects of modified psychomotor tasks in the virtual reality on the alpha/beta ratio, power output, heart rate, and cadence. The participants are recruited among national development cyclists from National Sport School. The environment of virtual reality was modified from the available virtual reality TACX smart trainer system. The one-way multivariate of variance (MANOVA) identified the effects of the five different levels of psychomotor task (independent variables) in virtual reality on multiple variables of physiological responses. The MANOVA results indicate a statistically significant multivariate main effect for the five levels of task difficulty in road cycling, when jointly considering on the variables of alpha/beta ratio, power output, heart rate, and cadence. The multivariate general linear model for univariate ANOVA results demonstrates a significant difference between subject on alpha/beta ratio and cadence. Significant task pairwise differences were obtained for cadence between Task 1 and both Tasks 2 and 5. The results suggest human's interaction with virtual reality, specifically during the psychomotor task during road cycling. The significant effects on the joint physiological responses ensured that evaluation of the experiment on developed task difficulty in virtual reality was practical, applicable and can be modified when required for training or assessment. The involvement of cognitive functions in response to behavioural mechanism merits further investigation and are deferred for future work.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- The Effect of Balinese Traditional Games 'Megoak-goakan' and 'Megala-gala'
on Physical Agility in Martial Arts Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Made Agus Dharmadi I Nyoman Kanca I Gusti Lanang Agung Parwata Ni Luh Putu Spyanawati I Ketut Semarayasa Made Agus Wijaya Luh Putu Tuti Ariani and Ni Putu Dwi Sucita Dartini Agility in martial arts is very important. In martial arts, agility is used to support performances in kicks, punches, and sweeps. Quick kicks and quick punches and quick sweeps will allow an athlete to win in the tournament. This study aims to determine the effect of Balinese Traditional Games 'megoak-goakan' and 'megala-gala' on physical agility of the Banyuning Martial Arts Club Athletes. The sample of this study amounted to 36 athletes aged 10-16 years, using a random sampling technique. This research method uses quasi-experimental, data collection using the Shuttle Run test of agility. This research was conducted by dividing into two groups: the experimental group was given the practice of Balinese traditional games 'megoak-goakan' and the control group was given the practice of Balinese traditional games 'megala-gala' for six weeks, three times a week. The data were analyzed using t-test pair test with one-way ANOVA at a significance level of 0,005. The results showed that 1) the Balinese traditional games 'megoak-goakan' affect the physical agility of the Martial Art Athletes, 2) the Balinese traditional games 'megala-gala' affect the Martial Art Athletes, and 3) there is a difference in the effect between the Balinese traditional games training 'megoak-goakan' and 'megala-gala' on the physical agility of the Martial Art Athletes where the Balinese traditional games 'megala-gala' are better than the Balinese traditional games 'megoak-goakan'. This shows that Balinese traditional games 'megoak-goakan' and 'megala-gala' are very much needed for martial arts athletes because they can increase physical agility.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- UMAC-CPF Coordination Test Model for Predicting the Eye, Hand, and Foot
Coordination Ability of CP Football Players
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Fadilah Umar Ruslan Misbah M. Furqon Hidayatullah Waluyo Tri Winarti Rahayu Intan Suraya Ellyas Satria Yudi Gontara Agustiyanta Sugeng and Abdul Aziz Purnomo Shidiq Cerebral palsy (CP) is a brain disorder experienced by a person, which results in experiencing many disturbances in motor activities. Impaired motor coordination in people with CP is immediately apparent when observed. The coordination ability of players is needed in activities during playing football. Adequate instruments are necessary to measure the special coordination abilities of cerebral palsy (CP) football players. This study aimed to produce an instrument test model to measure the special coordination abilities of people with cerebral palsy. The research method was research and development using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The respondents were people with cerebral palsy who met the CP football classification requirements according to the International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football (IFCPF) regulations. Data analysis used the SPSS statistical software. The study resulted in a valid and reliable test instrument for eye, hand, and foot coordination for cerebral palsy football players. The norms for the Eye-Hand and Foot Coordination Ability test of the Cerebral Palsy football players were in the Excellent category (Point 5) if the score was ≥ 29, Good (Point 4) for the score of 19-28, Moderate (Point 3) for the score of 10-18, Deficient (Point 2) for the score of 5-9, and Immoderate (Point 1) if the score was ≤ 4. The eye, hand, and foot coordination test instrument was mainly for the CP football players, which can also be used by athletes, coaches, and educators. This instrument was named Umar Motor Ability Circuit-Cerebral Palsy Football (UMAC-CPF) Coordination Test Model.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Enhancing Visual Perception of Sports Quality in Rhythmic Gymnastics
Routine by Increasing Congruence between Music and Movement
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Loo Fung Chiat Loo Fung Ying Chua Yan Piaw and Md Jais Ismail The use of music in sports routines that involve choreography is inevitable, and the appropriateness between the two is taken into account for awarding points in competitions. In dance, theatre, or in firm music, the use of music in choreography displays the subjectivity of interpretation to a certain extent due to preferences, background of audience, coach, and composer. However, more scientific and fundamental aspects shared between music and movement can provide a better perception of a particular routine. This study reports an experiment on a rhythmic gymnastics routine to investigate whether an increased congruence between music and movement enhances the perception of sports quality from a musical perspective. In the experiment, the original music accompaniment was changed with a new composition to increase the congruence between music and movement using six parameters including tempo, rhythm, phrasing, accent, direction, and dynamic. Fifty-two undergraduate music majors evaluated two videos of the same routine in a questionnaire regarding the qualities of the performance. Apart from motivation, the results show that the sports qualities with the new accompaniment were significantly perceived better than the original version.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2R (CSAI-2R): Adapting and
Validating Its Indonesian Version
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Miftah Fariz Prima Putra and Tri Setyo Guntoro The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI) is claimed to be the most popular measuring instrument used by researchers in revealing competitive anxiety in athletes. However, the research report stated that the instrument had psychometric weaknesses, so the CSAI was revised to CSAI-2R. Currently, there are not many tests on the psychometric properties of the latest version of the CSAI. The aim of this study is to test the CSAI-2R in the Indonesian version. A total of 200 elite Papuan Indonesian athletes (120 males, 80 females) whose mean age was 21.98 years, SD = 5.07 took part in the study. There are three instruments used in the study, namely CSAI-2R, Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and Spirituality in Sports Test (SIST). The statistical analysis used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the internal consistency testing used Cronbach Alpha. The finding shows that the model fits on several parameters including RMSEA = .045, GFI = .919, CFI = .964, TLI = .955, PNFI = .717, and PGFI = .661. The factor loading value of each item ranges from .44 to .83 with squared multiple correlations ranging from .19 to .69. The reliability values range from .61 to .86. Overall, the convergent validity test shows a correlation coefficient value of .722, while the divergent validity test shows that the correlation coefficient value is not significant (r = -.120). The conclusion of this study is that the Indonesian version of the psychometric property of the CSAI-2R is a valid and reliable competitive anxiety measurement instrument for measuring athlete anxiety.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Analysis of Verbal Language from the Theory of Human Movement as a Complex
System
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Julio Ernesto Pérez-Parra Alexandra Suaza-Restrepo and Francia Restrepo-de-Mejía The objective of this manuscript is to carry out a conceptual analytical review of verbal language from the theory of Human Body Movement as a Complex System (HMCS). This theory is proposed by the Body-Movement Research Group from the Autonomous University of Manizales, Colombia. This model assumes that language production is essentially an embodied motor function. The analysis here presented involves postulates of both structural and functional theories of language, as well as cognitive linguistics, since the HMCS theory encompasses these multiple possibilities of approach. It is this conjecture of a holistic vision of language from its different approaches that leads to the proposition that, in effect, the different levels of linguistic analysis find several analogous components in the HMCS model. A conceptual analytical review is carried out, and structured in two main components. In the first part, the HMCS theory is exposed with its three levels of interaction: the objectified aspects of movement, the potentiality of movement and the external context of human movement. In the second part, an analysis of verbal language is carried out from this conceptual framework, also analyzed from the three levels of interaction: the objectified aspects of verbal language as a motor expression, the potentiality of verbal language and the context in the production of verbal language. Definitions, concepts, interactions and analogies are presented during the development of the article. In conclusion, body movement is language and language is, in essence, human movement. Both are intricate, integrated, indivisible, and inherently constitutive aspects of the same cognitive processes. The analogy achieved highlights the theory of the shared resource between motor control and cognitive control. In the same way that verbal language allows communication based on communicative intentions, body movement allows the exchange of information, constituting a bridge between cognition and the world.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Content Validity and Reliability Test of Balance Training Program for
Archery
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Moch. Septian Resi Wibowo Endang Rini Sukamti Yudik Prasetyo Paryadi Muhammad Ramli Buhari Maftukin Hudah Dewangga Yudhistira Noralisa and La Ode Adhi Virama Background: Archery is a sport in which arrows are shot using a bow. The most important physical aspect of archery is balance. Purpose: This research aimed to test the content validity and reliability of the balance training program. Methods: The participants involved in this study were 5 physical trainers and 2 nationally licensed archery trainers. Some documents were also used in this research. The approach used was a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach. This research was divided into four stages: (1) analyzing e-books, textbooks, and pertinent articles qualitatively, (2) evaluating the program using the Delphi technique, which involves experts assessing questionnaires on a 1 to 5 scale until a consensus is obtained, (3) testing the content validity using the CVR formula, (4) testing the reliability using Cronbach alpha and ICC. Results: The content validity and Cronbach alpha values were found to be 0.754> 0.6 and 0.71-1.00, respectively, based on the findings. In addition, the ICC single measurement value was 0.1191 with a mean measurement value of 0.486> 0.75. Conclusion: Based on the content validity and reliability test findings, it can be stated that the balance training program has a good score, indicating that it can be applied during archery athlete training.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Effects of Exercise and Vibration Therapy on Body Composition in
β-Thalassemia Patients
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Genti Pano Andis Bogdani and Anduela Lile The genetic condition beta thalassemia is one of the most frequent in the world. Beta thalassemia is a blood condition in which hemoglobin synthesis is reduced. Age, gender, gonadal status, nutrition, exercise, and hormonal variables are all factors that impact body composition. The main objective was to see how exercise combined with vibration therapy affected body composition in β-Thalassemia patients. Ten female β-Thalassemia volunteers, aged 18 to 32, were separated into two groups: control group (5 subjects) and experimental/intervention group (5 subjects). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition. A 12-week exercise regimen was designed to be conducted on a vibration platform with a frequency programmed from 15-30 MHz, in total 50 minutes per session including warm-up and cool down. After the intervention, ANOVA findings demonstrated a significant difference in the dependent variable (Fat tissue %) between the experimental and control groups (F(1)=9.111, p=0.017). In the measurements that were repeated after the intervention, the dependent variable (Lean tissue %) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the experimental and control groups (F(1)=2.671, p=0.141). Exercise combined with vibration therapy improved body composition parameters in the intervention group, indicating that this form of intervention can be utilized to enhance general health in thalassemia patients. Other studies need to be carried out to better identify risk factors, prevention strategies, and to introduce special guidelines in designing customized physical activity programs for different social groups.
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Dynamics of Cadets' Physical Fitness in the Process of Arm Wrestling
Abstract: Publication date: Jun 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 3 Anatolii Rebryna Vitalii Kytrar Аnna Коshel Oleksii Petrovych Tetiana Bondar Pavlo Bosniuk Roman Stasiuk Volodymyr Serhiіenko Ivan Tkachenko Oleksandr Kisiliuk and Illya Khlibovych The article examines the impact of arm wrestling on the level of cadets' physical fitness during their training. The research involved male cadets of the Odessa Military Academy. We formed two groups of cadets to achieve the aim of the research: the experimental (EG) and the control (CG) groups. The EG included cadets who were engaged in arm wrestling during their sporting and mass participation events at the academy (n = 36), and the CG included cadets who were engaged in sporting and mass participation events in compliance with the traditional training methods (n = 36). The level of development of strength qualities was studied according to the following tests: pull-ups on the horizontal bar, hip pull-overs on the horizontal bar, breast-ups on the horizontal bar, kettlebell jerks weighing 24 kg, dip-ups on the parallel bars, push-ups. The speed was studied according to the results of the 100 m run, agility and coordination skills – according to the test on the obstacle course (400 m); endurance – according to the results of the 3 km run. A significantly (p ≤ 0.001) better level of strength development in the EG cadets was revealed at the end of the experiment, compared to the CG cadets, according to the results of all strength exercises. The EG cadets also showed better indicators than the CG cadets according to the tests that characterize other motor qualities (100 m run, overcoming the obstacle course, 3 km run), but the difference was insignificant (p ˃ 0.05).
PubDate: Jun 2022
- Accuracy Training Program: Can Improve Shooting Results of Petanque
Athletes Aged 15-20 Years'
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Diajeng Tyas Pinru Phytanza Erick Burhaein Subur Indriawan Carla Cristina Vieira Lourenço Nevzat Demirci Puput Widodo Ibnu Prasetyo Widiyono Yogi Ferdy Irawan Wisnu Guntur Sutopo Mokhamad Parmadi Alfiah Rizqi Azizah Muhammad Saleh Agus Hadiatmo and Ari Susanto The background in this study is the shooting ability of petanque athletes whose achievements are inconsistent during the match/competition. This study aims to find out the effect of accuracy training on the results of shooting games of petanque athletes. Participants in the study were 20 athletes (ages 15-20 years; M = 17.7; SD: 2.4). This research design is one group pretest-posttest experimental design. The instruments used for the test of ability (shooting) are game numbers (shooting station) 1-5 with a distance of 6-9 meters. Data analysis uses a t-test with the help of IBM SPSS 24. Based on the calculation of pretest and posttest data on the shooting results of petanque athletes who have obtained an accuracy training program, it shows a value of p = 0.000 which means that p
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Android-Based Material for Sports Massage Learning
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Boby Ardianzah Efendy Achmad Sofyan Hanif Iman Sulaiman and Muhsana El Cintami Lanos The Android application is a Linux-based operating system for cellular phones such as smartphones and tablet computers that can be designed as digital media to facilitate the need for teaching materials. The purpose of this study was to develop Android-based massage sports teaching materials for students in the Physical Education, Health, and Recreation Study Program. The research method was research and development with the Borg and Gall models. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documents. The participants involved were students, colleagues, and experts. The results of the study indicate that teaching materials for learning sports massage based on Android provide convenience in understanding the content of the material. Students can access materials easily at any time, both on-campus and off-campus. This application is called "MassageSmartClick," which can be accessed on mobile phones, and students can also study it in the print book that has been presented in the application. It has some menus, namely the splash menu, main menu, competency menu, material menu, illustration menu, evaluation menu, and information menu.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- A Study on the Physiological Profiles and Performance Characteristics of
Modern Pentathletes
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Jae-Ryang Yoon Modern pentathlon is characterized by the possible direct effects on performance of physical characteristics, fitness level, and record management and therefore, obtaining information about the fitness level and records can be an important factor in improving performance among athletes. To examine the specificity of anthropometrics, physiology, and performance among modern pentathlon athletes, it is necessary to examine and analyze many factors for performance and few researchers have measured or analyzed modern pentathletes. This study aimed to analyze anthropometric data of elite modern pentathalon athletes through a literature review and determine the physical characteristics for better performance, examine cardiorespiratory functions directly connected with the performance in sport shooting-running. The literature review found that maximal heart rate (HRmax) ranged from 184.10 bpm to 197.89 bpm, maximal voluntary ventilation (VEmax) from 151.7 L/min to 163.05 L/min, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) from 54.4 ml/kg/min to 75.97 ml/kg/min. For the anaerobic threshold (AT) level, oxygen uptake (VO2) ranged from 53.72 ml/kg/min (82.6% VO2max) to 63.65 ml/kg/min (84.4% VO2max), heart rate from 169 bpm to 182 bpm, and blood lactate concentration from 10.64 mM to 17.20 mM. Therefore, it is also necessary to develop an effective interval training method for improving anaerobic threshold, cardiorespiratory endurance, and lactate tolerance. Further research is needed to identify effective training for improving cardiorespiratory endurance, the AT level, and lactate tolerance rather than the physical characteristics.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Relationship between Rapid Strength, Reactive and Strength and Agility in
University Sports Students
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Felice Di Domenico Gaetano Altavilla and Gaetano Raiola Sports training is a complex phenomenon which, to be effective for the planned purposes, must consider all the aspects that make it up. Agility, rapid strength, and reactive strength are factors that contribute, at various levels and in an integrated mood, to the achievement of sporting performance. Often, these aspects are considered separately and not always satisfactory results in the competitive phase, as there is not sufficient knowledge of the relationship between agility and levels of explosive and reactive strength. The aim was to show how these factors (agility, explosive and reactive strength) had interactions with each other that could be exploited in the development and refinement phase. The study was conducted on a sample of 30 students from the University of Salerno who were administered a battery of instrumental tests through the Optojump platform to recruit quantitative data regarding explosive strength, reactive strength, and agility. One way, Anova and post hoc Bonferroni were performed as statistical tools to analyze data. The results showed a significant difference between the groups (p
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Sports App: Digitalization of Sports Basic Movement
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Galih Priyambada Aba Sandi Prayoga Andy Widhiya Bayu Utomo Deny Pradana Saputro and Rudi Hartono Sport is an activity that requires various aspects of support, with the habit that is often done. This study aims to produce a processing system for basic sports results or basic motor skills using a digital-based application for basic movement skills in sports. The research method used in this case is a research and development approach or method. The data collection method used in this study is a questionnaire given to respondents to obtain accurate data. While the data analysis used qualitative and quantitative data analysis to obtain valid and effective value data. The results in this study indicate that the data processing application system to determine the basic skills or basic abilities that were developed received a positive assessment from the trainer with very good and sufficient criteria. The average rating of very good is 37.5%, good is 50% and sufficient is as much as 12.5%. Furthermore, description by respondents shows that the data processing application system for the results of basic abilities or basic abilities is declared valid and can be used without revision and with revision. Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the developed system is valid and can be used to process basic motor skills possessed by athletes or students.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Comparison of Hollow Sprint and Interval Training in Increasing Speed of
100 M Sprint Test
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Widiastuti Hasyim Muhamad Syamsul Taufik Budi Ariyanto Muslim Suharti Soleh Solahuddin Silvy Juditya and Karisdha Hollow Sprint Training (accelerated sprint) starts with a slow running motion. Interval training consists of repetitions of a maximum intensity exercise. Detailed data on these two exercises for which one is more effective in increasing the 100 m run is very limited. This study aims to determine the difference in the effect of hollow sprints and interval training in increasing the running speed of 100 meters. Method: A total of 20 samples of 100-meter sprint event athletes participated in this study. The method used was an experiment with a Comparative Design model. The data collection technique used in this study was a test instrument. They were divided into two groups which designed as hollow sprint group (A) and interval training group (B). This study used comparative experimental method where athletes in each group were given two different treatments and a 100meter speed test before and after the treatment. Results: 1) The p-value of the hollow sprint group or group A (0.004) is smaller than 0.05, which can be concluded that group A had a significant increase. 2) The p-value of the interval group or group B (0.006) is smaller than 0.05, which can be concluded that group B had a significant increase. 3) There is a significant difference between hollow sprint and interval training on increasing 100-meter running speed, the p-value (0.035) is smaller than 0.05. Conclusions: Interval training is more effective than hollow sprint training in increasing athletes' 100 meters running speed.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Effect of a Training Program Accompanied by a Suggested Diet on Some
Physiological Variables and Regulating Blood Sugar Level in Type II
Diabetics
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Mohammed Nader Shalaby Marwa Ahmed Fadl Hoda Abdel Hameed Abdel Wahab Reda Mohamed Hassan Hashem Rasha Abd Alfattah Mohammed Faid Noha Awad Mousa and Mona Fathi Khalil Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in our modern era. As a result of the technological evolution recently and the abundance of public and private transportation, in addition to the lack of movement in our societies, many diseases have spread. One of them is diabetes, which is known now as the lack of movement disease. It is one of the most common diseases worldwide. Diabetes comes with a group of diseases called the "lifestyle diseases" like high blood pressure, obesity and heart disease, and other chronic diseases engaged with the technological evolution and lack of movement diseases. The study aimed to identify the effect of the training program accompanied by the proposed diet on some physiological variables and regulating blood sugar levels (diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar, non-fasting sugar, cumulative sugar), in type II diabetics. To achieve this, the researchers used the experimental method, as it suited the nature of the study (designed by one experimental group) in a sample of 10 males who were chosen deliberately aged between 45 and 55 years old. The sample members were committed to an eight-week training program accompanied by a diet with three training modules per week. The conclusion of the study showed statistically significant differences between the pre-and post-measurements, in favor of the post-measurement in all variables under study, except for the triglyceride variable. The researchers recommended that sports activity should be practiced regularly in addition to the diet, as it affects regulating blood sugar and controlling its high levels.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- A Survey on Types of Injuries in Indonesian Recreational Badminton Players
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Tri Hadi Karyono Oce Wiriawan Hari Setijono Ibrahim Ramdan Pelana Sofyan Hanif and Bagus Winata The purpose of this study was to find out and describe the types of injuries sustained by recreational badminton players in Indonesia. In this descriptive study, conducted by interview, we evaluated recreational male badminton players (n=80) at Rawamangun Jakarta Sports Center. The focus of the interview questions was divided into 2 sessions, namely the general session and the main interview session. The general session asks about anthropometry data, years and frequency of playing badminton, medical history, and sports activities, while the main interview session contains the causes of injury, anatomical injury, and frequency of injury in one year. This study showed that the older the participants are, the less frequently they play badminton (41-50 years = 2.2 ± 1.1 vs 31-40 years = 2.9 ± 1.1 vs 21-30 years = 3.1 ± 0.8). Acute injuries predominated in the age range of 21-30 years (83%) and 31-40 years (53%). Meanwhile, at the age of 41-50 years, overuse injury is the dominant injury compared to acute injury (83% vs 17%). In terms of anatomical injuries, 74% of 80 participants had lower limb injuries. Regarding the cause of injury, 52.5% of all 80 participants chose inadequate warm-up as the cause of injury. This study shows that as people get older, the risk of injury in recreational badminton players in Indonesia increases. Inadequate warm-up is a common cause of injury risk for all ages, and the lower limb is the part of the body that is most often injured.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Effects of Theobromine and Caffeine on Muscle Fatigue Levels after Maximum
Physical Activity (Experiment on Male Wistar Rats)
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Taufiq Hidayah Andry Akhiruyanto Sugiarto Dewangga Yudhistira Sulistiyono and Aan Wahyu Setiawan Muscle fatigue often occurs when a person performs a maximal activity. However, some substances are believed to be able to improve exercise performance and control energy due to muscle fatigue called ergogenic substances. Ergogenic substances that are not included in the doping category are theobromine and caffeine. Unfortunately, there are very few exercise studies examining theobromine and caffeine, so further testing to prove their benefits is still needed. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the administration of ergogenic theobromine and caffeine after the maximum activity so that a decrease in lactic acid levels can be found. This research is an experimental study with laboratory testing and is carried out based on a random control posttest approach. Sampling was done by using the total sampling technique. The research sample was 18 male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with a weight of 150-250 grams. Samples were divided into 3 groups consisting of the control group, theobromine group, and the caffeine group. The instrument for taking blood samples is accutrend plus. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The hypothesis was tested using One Way Anova with the help of SPSS 16. The tests carried out found that the average values of the control group, theobromine, and caffeine were 5.2, 4.9, and 4.2, respectively. The results of the hypothesis test showed that the significance value obtained was 0.35> 0.05 which indicated that the hypothesis was rejected. In conclusion, the administration of ergogenic theobromine and caffeine did not give a significant difference in reducing lactic acid levels. This invention can thus be used as a reference for athletes not to use these substances to reduce fatigue and increase energy.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Exploring Study of Yogyakarta Physical Fitness Athletes in Indonesia
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Risti Nurfadhila Tomoliyus Abdul Alim Japhet Ndayisenga and Endang Rini Sukamti Background: Physical fitness training is very important for sports performance. The objective is to assess the different capacities of athletes like speed, strength, flexibility, leg muscle power, and VO2max. The purpose of this study was: (1) to determine the current status of physical fitness of Yogyakarta athletes, (2) to compare the physical fitness performance on the standard's physical fitness value, (3) to show the effects of physical fitness on the athlete's performance. Research methodology: this is exploring research with a mixed-method qualitative and quantitative study. The sample of this study was 39 subjects from Yogyakarta. The subjects were taken randomly. The subjects were aged between 13-18 years, and they were from many various parties of Yogyakarta. The content of the training was squat jumps: 10 to 15 repetitions, standard push-ups: 10 to 15 repetitions, calf raises 15 to 20 repetitions, bench dips: 10 to 15 repetitions, abdominal crunches: 15 to 20 repetitions, jump rope: 60 seconds, plyometric exercise, sit-ups, press-ups, squats, lunges, and step-ups within three times per week for six weeks. The facts series technique was a physical battery test on the playground. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The result showed that Yogyakarta athletes still have low physical fitness with a P-value of 0.000. Conclusion: Yogyakarta athletes still hold low physical fitness like speed, VO2Max, flexibility, explosive strength, power, and coordination.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- The Effectiveness of Sports Programs in Improving the Social Interaction
of Children with Down Syndrome
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Ahmed K. Hassan and Ahmed R. Elsayed Paying attention to learners with special needs is essential to achieving the principle of equal educational opportunities for all. This study is aimed at determining the effectiveness of sports programs in improving the social interaction of children with Down syndrome. The sample consisted of 12 children with Down syndrome. Their ages ranged from 8 to 14 years, and their IQ ranged from 50 to 70. They were from Al Najashi School in Al Hofuf, Al Hasa. The children were asked questions to gain preliminary data about children with Down syndrome. A scale was used to measure and assess their social interaction, and the efficacy of the sports programs in their social interaction was obtained. The results show that there are differences in the social interaction of group members in the test conducted before participation in the program (pre-test) as compared to the test conducted after participation in the program (post-test). There are also statistically significant differences among the experimental and control groups in their social interaction, in favor of the experimental group. There were no differences in the social interaction in the experimental group between the post- and follow-up tests. This shows the effectiveness of sports programs in improving social interaction in children with Down syndrome, as well as the continuing effectiveness in improving social interaction for these children during the follow-up period. The study recommends that sports programs be used to improve social interaction skills in children with Down syndrome.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Differential Effects of Sport Type and Sport Category on Time Demands and
Well-Being of College Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Jay C. Santos and Michael Sagas Time commitment of college athletes raises some alarm, leaving them vulnerable to career transitions and well-being consequences. How college athletes spend their academic and athletic time is not much explored. In the United States, college athletes are often classified based on their respective sport revenue production and sport type. The comparison of athletes based on sport category and sport type is sparse in the academic literature. By and large, well-being and time commitment of athletes among some others are believed to be significant factors in college sports success. This study examined the differential effects of sport category (revenue vs non-revenue) and sport type (individual vs team) on academic time use, athletic time use, subjective well-being, emotional well-being, and physical well-being of college athletes. It utilized secondary data provided by the U.S. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) granted upon agreement on data fair use. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine the research questions. Significant differences relative to sport type and sport category were found in academic time use and athletic time use. Team sport and revenue-generating sport athletes were more athletically inclined, while individual sport and non-revenue generating sport athletes were more academically engaged.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- The Recent Application of the OSTRC Boxing Injury Prevention Program among
Boxers in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Wesam Saleh A. Al Attar Walaa Abutaleb Nada Alhazmi and Hussain S. Ghulam Due to the high probability of injuries seen from boxing, together with the lack of assessment data examining the degree of risk to athletes, this study searched for solutions that may provide updated information to reduce or prevent the risk of injuries in this sport. This study aims to collect updated information about major injury risks among boxers and devise appropriate means to modify or prevent these risks by investigating the implementation of Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center (OSTRC) evidence-based injury prevention exercises among boxers. A survey was published containing a maximum of 23 multiple-choice questions from boxing associations in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to 300 boxers in six GCC countries. A total of 261 boxers participated in the study, with core stability exercises being the most frequently implemented at a rate of 52.5%. There were no statistically significant differences between the GCC countries in terms of the average number of injury prevention exercises performed. Finally, all exercise programs were studied in terms of injury prevention, and shoulder stabilization exercises were the only ones where the implementation rates varied widely between the GCC countries. Effective injury prevention strategies must be implemented, an athlete injury form report must be submitted to facilitate this, and information must be collected about the mechanism of the injury.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Development of Physical Activity Models Based on Motor Perception for
Kindergarten Children
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 B. Suhartini and BM Wara Kushartanti The phenomenon that occurs in today's children is the decreasing number of play activities that involve children's physical activity. This study aims to produce five models of motor perception activity to improve executive function in kindergarten students. This research was pursued by using the research & development method. The research procedure consisted of four stages; Stage 1. Preliminary study (N=50); Stage 2. Development of 5 models of motor perception activity; Stage 3. Expert validation consists of lecturers (N=7) and teachers (N=3); and Stage 4. Trial of motor perception activity model (N=50). The data collection technique used was in the form of filling out observation sheets for 50 parents. Data analysis was summarized in the form of quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative analysis. The results showed that children's motoric elements were low, including 15% student activity, 40% balance, 23% motor skills, 27% interest, and 57% attention. The availability of learning equipment to support motor perception activities is indicated by the percentage of 49% or very low. This motor perception activity model is created in 5 activities, namely: (1) walking on a balance beam, (2) jumping in a half circle of hola hops, (3) running, jumping, jumping & tiptoeing, (4) crawling while dribbling, and (5) throwing balloons while sitting. Based on the results of the calculation of quantitative data from the teacher's assessment as the model user, it is known that the level of implementation of the motor perception activity model for kindergarten students is very high at 96.15% and the quality of the model is very high at 94.85%. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, it is known that the motor perception activity learning model is suitable for use in learning physical activity for kindergarten students while at the same time giving an impact on children's physical activity participation.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Aggression Behaviour and Physical Fitness of National Handball Girls
Players
Abstract: Publication date: Feb 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 1 Gangu Naidu Mandala Kavitha Desai Jerlin Jose Nilofer Hussaini and Martha Sucharitha M Aggression is one of the significant types of feeling and emotion, which is exceptionally fundamental for sports execution. It is ordinarily propelled conduct at any rate for that specific purpose of time in the genuine play, which drives a player brimming with his energies towards his point. 150 School National Handball female players aged 14-17 years who were concentrated in higher optional schools of Andhra Pradesh Rural and Urban were haphazardly chosen as subjects. An aggression scale is used to contemplate the degree of aggression in any age gathering (over 14 years). The scale comprises 55 articulations. It is a Likert type 5-guide scale toward locating the aggressive conduct among Handball players. The premise of the discoveries is that the shooters have phenomenal aggression conduct than the all-rounders and defenders and shooters have more physical fitness than the all-rounders and defenders. In the examination, the Shooter would have a more aggressive inclination and physical fitness when contrasted with all-rounders and defenders. It is very different on the grounds that the Shooter alone for example independently will confront the adversary gathering of players because of body contact and the battle for greatness will lead the shooter to more aggressive than others.
PubDate: Feb 2022
- Effects of a Bridge Exercise with Added Motion on Muscle Activity and
Pelvic Angle in Young Male Adults with Uncontrolled Lumbopelvic Rotation
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Jae Ik Lee Min Bong Kang and Tae Ho Kim This study aimed to investigate the effect of a bridge exercise with added motion on muscle activity and pelvic angle in young male adults with uncontrolled lumbopelvic rotation. Twenty young male adults with uncontrolled lumbopelvic rotation were randomly assigned to a bridge exercise group with hip abduction and a bridge exercise group with pelvic rotation. The subjects participated in the designated training for 20 min a day, five times a week. The intervention lasted two weeks, and both groups were instructed to refrain from exercise other than training during the two-week intervention period. The muscle activity of the internal oblique muscle and the rectus abdominis muscle was measured on the leg lifting side, and the external oblique muscle on the supporting side. Data were collected from the subjects. The results showed that both groups significantly increased the muscle activity of the internal oblique muscle and the external oblique muscle, and that the pelvic rotation angle significantly decreased. Similar to the existing one-leg bridge exercise with hip abduction, the one-leg bridge exercise with pelvic rotation increased the activity of the muscles related to rotation and decreased the rotation angle of the pelvis. Therefore, the one-leg bridge exercise with pelvic rotation can be an effective method for reducing lumbopelvic instability.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Trunk Position Influence H:Q RATIO of Lead Lower Extremity During
Bulgarian Split Squat Exercise
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Jong Rak Park and Tae Ho Kim This study aimed to investigate the variation in the H:Q ratio by comparing two trunk angles during the Bulgarian Split Squat (BSS) exercise. It has been shown that the ratio of quadriceps muscle activity to hamstring muscle activity is important, affecting knee joint function and injury risk. Twenty-one healthy male participants were recruited in this study. The participants were guided to repeat the BSS three times at normal posture and 30° trunk anterior tilt. The surface electromyography (EMG) activity was measured for 5 sec on the rectus femoris and hamstring muscles during a phase of BSS when the participant's knee touched the mat to be lifted again. The EMG activity was normalized via the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) estimated using the manual muscle test. To examine the variation in the H:Q ratio, the paired sample t-test was used and the significance level was set to .05. The result showed that the H:Q ratio was higher at 30° trunk anterior tilt. The findings of this study indicate that the 30° trunk anterior tilt during the BSS could increase the H:Q ratio and positively control the stress on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), compared to the normal posture. It is suggested that experts should always evaluate the relative muscle strength of the femoral quadriceps and hamstrings in addition to H:Q RATIO for injury prevention purposes.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Effect of Incentives on Motivation Achievement of Jordanian University
Football Players
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Mohammad Adel Maqableh Mohammad Ra'ed Dawaghreh Amer Hani Al Wriekat Mo'een Ahmad Oudat and Moath Adel Maqableh The study aimed at identifying Effect of Incentives on Motivation Achievement of Jordanian University Football Players in the Jordanian universities. The study adopted the descriptive approach, and the study population consisted of (72) football players in Jordanian universities (Yarmouk University, University of Jordan, and Mutah University). The sample consisted of (27) players, who were randomly chosen, comprising (37.35%) of the study population. The researchers constructed the incentives questionnaire that included (30) items distributed over five domains: (physical and health incentives, material incentives, psychological incentives, social incentives, and administrative incentives). They further used the sports achievement motivation scale that was Arabized by Allawi [2], which included (20) items divided into two areas (the motivation to achieve success, and the motivation to avoid failure). The study results showed that the level of the total incentives among the soccer players in the Jordanian universities was very high. The physical, health, social and psychological incentives levels were very high; meanwhile, the administrative and material incentives levels were high. The results further showed that the overall motivation level among the football players in the Jordanian universities was high, as well as the success achievement motivation and failure avoidance motivation levels, which were high too. Finally, there was a correlational relation between the success achievement motivation domain and the motivations areas, as a whole. The study recommended placing special care to the incentives provided to the players as they contribute to the development of the players' innovative energies.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- The Influence of Various Exercise Regimens for Improving Bone Health of
Postmenopausal Women – A Review
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Vennamaneni Deepika Balakrishnan Sujatha Rajendran Saravana Prabha Sekar Archana Mani Malathi and Shanmuga Sundaram Akila Women of this era juggle with infinite responsibilities attempting to attain perfection in almost all roles they play. These engagements exhaust them leaving a shortfall for health care. Menstruation was the taboo behind womanhood restrictions which has become an easy go for women of this generation. Care and concern on the menstrual health happen only after they encounter problems. Postmenopausal bone health is one key problem that leads to critical conditions if un-attended. Aim: The purpose of this study was to review researches on various exercise regimens and identify best suitable effective exercise programs for enhancing post-menopausal bone health of women. Methods: To achieve the purpose of the study, 150 original research articles related to post-menopausal bone health of women published in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were collected and reviewed. The inclusionary criteria set for this work were age range of women, type of exercise, bone health parameters, indication, contraindications, duration of the exercise and the exclusionary criteria were exercises for women who work night shifts, women with associated conditions and women post hysterectomy. Result and Discussion: Among the reviewed 150 articles, 28 articles suggest combined program to be the best suitable for Postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Postmenopausal aged women shall involve in 2 or 3 types of exercise to improve bone health and prevent osteoporosis post-menopausal. Yoga, swimming and resistance training are found to be the best exercise regimens to improve bone health of post-menopausal women.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Development and Validation of Module in Physical Education 4: Team Sports
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Francisco Gabriel Prevandos and Jonar T. Martin This study was designed to develop and validate a module in Physical Education 4: Team Sports. Eighteen subject matter experts from the selected state universities and local colleges in Pampanga participated in this descriptive developmental research. These experts teach Physical Education 4 and have at least two (2) years of experience handling the subject. These subject matter experts answered the Evaluation Instrument for Content Validity for De-ODel Module to identify the topics in the proposed module. Results showed that the researcher should include all topics in developing the proposed module. Furthermore, five (5) Physical Education Field experts who are Physical Education department heads from the selected colleges and universities in Pampanga, Philippines, validated the module by answering the Evaluation rating sheet for D.E. and ODel Modules in terms of content, design, and format, technical/ technological, and pedagogy for both initial and final validation. Recommendations of the field experts were integrated into the module's development and significantly improved. Thus, the Physical Education 4: Team Sports Module was a viable instructional material for teaching and learning.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Effects of Various Rehabilitations on Pain and Performance of Elite
Athletes Who Return to Play after Lumbar Disc Herniation
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Anton Botov Aleksander Osipov Tatyana Ratmanskaya Vasily Kuliev Mikhail Kudryavtsev Vladimir Lyakh Gennady Galimov and Margarita Dan'kova It is well-known that lower back pain (LBP) is a fairly common complaint in professional sports. Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common cause of LBP in athletes. Currently, more robust studies on treatment and rehabilitation modalities for elite athletes, who have LDH, are needed. This study investigated the effects of various rehabilitations on recovery process and return to sport in elite male athletes who have surgical treatment of LDH. Participants: elite male athletes (n=46) who underwent surgical intervention – removal of a herniation of the intervertebral disc (L4-L5-S1) on lumbar spine (lumbar discectomy). Group-1 (athletes – n=23), who applied physical rehabilitation (specific motor exercises) during 3 months after surgical treatment. Group-2 (athletes – n=23) applied electroneuromyostimulation therapy and limited physical activity during 2 months after surgical intervention. After 2 months, athletes (group-2) applied specific motor exercises during 30 days, in addition to electroneuromyostimulation routine. All athletes returned to play, after rehabilitation routine. The level of pain and training load of athletes using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Russian Oswestry Disability Index (RODI) and personal athletes' diaries in 3–12 months after surgical treatment, were analyzed. There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in VAS and RODI rates between groups in 6–12 months after surgical intervention. There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in total training load amount between groups in 9–12 months after operative treatment. Athletes (group-2) demonstrated a lower level of pain and a higher level of daily training load amount in comparison with athletes (group-1). There is a strong positive effect of electroneuromyostimulation therapy and restriction of physical activity in rehabilitation routine for elite male athletes, who returned to sports after surgical treatment of LDH.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Futsal Shooting Moving Ball Test (FSMT) Assessment as a New Testing
Protocol
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Rumi Iqbal Doewes Gunathevan Elumalai and Siti Hartini Azmi Shooting can be done with static and dynamic ball movements, but special tests for futsal shooting have been carried out with static balls. This study aims to assess the reliability and validity of the Futsal Shooting Moving Ball Test (FSMT) as a new testing protocol developed for futsal shooting skills. FSMT is a futsal shooting test with the concept of moving the ball, starting from passing, controlling, then shooting the ball into the futsal goal as a target. This study uses 200 futsal players (age 19.1±1.62 years, height 169.6±4.72 cm, weight 58.2±4.43, playing experience 6.05±5.44 years, and training 5.3±1.45 per week) to evaluate concurrent validity (with static ball shooting test) and test-retest reliability. Researchers also evaluated content validity by involving 6 experts (3 AFC instructors and 3 futsal coaches). The results of the study reveal that FSMT provides content validity and concurrent validity, because 84% of expert judgments agree with FSMT and shooting performance related to the static ball shooting test (rcount = 0.57; p-value = 0.00). In addition, the FSMT is reliable, because there is no difference (p-value = 0.36 and high ICC (ICC = 0.84) on the test-retest (2 different occasions). The findings show that the FSMT is valid and reliable, so it can be a new testing protocol for assessing futsal shooting skills.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Traditions and Innovations in the Choreographic Art of Ukraine of the XX
Century
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Miroslav Keba Anastasiia Zhuravlova Olha Yatsenko Victor Lytvynenko Oleksandra Hres and Anzhelika Nebesnyk An important component of the world choreography are folk dance ensembles, the scientific understanding of development trends of which contributes to the formation of an idea of the current state of the choreographic sphere and comprehension of the future prospects of this art form. The study of the specifics of artistic processes in choreography becomes especially relevant today, which will exclude the possibility of levelling its special features, the uniqueness of the creation and development of the art of dancing in its individual areas. Ukrainian folk stage art of dancing, which is an integral part of the country's artistic culture, reached its peak in the second half of the XX century. In times of historical crisis, when national identity (traditions, culture, beliefs, language, and shared historical memory) was under threat of destruction. Traditional uniqueness manifested itself in various forms of the society, including an increase in interest in one's own spiritual treasures, such as folk choreographic art associated with folk traditions and customs. In modern conditions of social development, there is an urgent need to preserve the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people, while the main goal of the scientific community in this direction is to recognize the uniqueness and originality of the spiritual heritage of each region and ethnic group of Ukraine. The purpose of the academic paper lies in analysing the features of the interaction of traditions and innovations in choreographic art by comparing the trends of its development in the XX century, in particular, identifying the key methods for preserving folk traditions and the main means of applying innovations for the most effective development of this art form. In the course of writing the academic paper, a set of research methods has been used, in particular as follows: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, generalization), specific scientific (historical-structural), as well as a questionnaire, which has been implemented using the Survio resource. Based on the results of the research, the theoretical fundamentals have been studied and the practical aspects of the features of the traditional and innovative components of the choreography of the XX century in Ukraine have been clarified.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Modern Choreography in Ukraine at the Beginning of the XXI Century:
Artistic and Educational Trends
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Olga Bigus Rostyslav Savchenko Ilona Khomiachyk Dmytro Kondratiuk Uliana Danyliuk and Ivan Yrkiv Over the centuries, the Ukrainian people have created a unique culture that reflects their multifaceted life. The art of dancing is one of the most valuable treasures of the cultural heritage of Ukraine. The choreographic art reveals the character of people; it reflects everyday phenomena in an artistic form, reproducing elements of work and life, using national clothes, customs and other attributes of everyday use. Choreography is one of the most significant parts of the spiritual culture of the people. The surrounding world is the most important visual source of choreographic culture, in which artistic development and awareness of reality take place in various forms. The system-forming factor of artistic culture is the art of dancing as an artistic reproduction of the real and imaginary. Studying the trends in the art of choreography and the features of changes in the educational sphere is extremely important for understanding the stages and components of the general cultural development of the country at the beginning of the XXI century, which will allow predicting the directions that choreographic culture will develop in the future.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Effects of Relaxation Exercises to Reduce Anxiety in Beginner Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Nina Jermaina Nurlan Kusmaedi Amung Ma'mun Vanessa Gaffar Eko Purnomo and Eddy Marheni This study was conducted to reduce the level of anxiety experienced by athletes, especially beginner athletes, who often experience excessive anxiety during matches. In this study, 2 exercise methods were used to reduce anxiety levels, 1) Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) and 2) Autogenic Relaxation (AGR). This research method uses a quasi-experimental design, using a purposive sampling technique. This study divided the groups into 2; 1) 20 athletes used the PMR method (15 males and 5 females, with a mean age of 19.2 years), and 2) 18 samples were in the AGR group (16 males and 2 females, with a mean age of 18 years). Each group will undergo a pre and post-test with the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale instrument. Based on the results of the research conducted, data were obtained stating that 1) the PMR and AGR methods both affected reducing anxiety; 2) athletes who experience decreased anxiety proven to improve the focus of athletes; 3) provide advice to teachers and coaches to reduce the anxiety of novice athletes with various other methods. This study is limited to the PMR and AGR training methods, not looking at other conditions in athletes. Furthermore, the research recommends implementing the PMR and AGR methods for a more extended period to obtain even better results. In addition, further research is also recommended for other sports.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- The Brazilian Football Player's Supernatural Talent Development: A
Qualitative Study
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Zulakbal Abd Karim Ramesh Ram Ramalu Shamsul Kamar Mohamad Emilio Miranda Nor Fazila Abd Malek and Mohd Aizzat Adnan Brazil has had a very big influence in football for years, with numerous players and coaches having secured playing and coaching contracts in leagues worldwide. Ironically, how Brazil has become so successful in producing so many supernaturally talented players has scarcely received scholarly attention. Therefore, the current study aimed to reach a deeper understanding of how supernaturally talented players often emerge from Brazil. Six coaches and 18 players from São Paolo second division league clubs, and four sports science experts from Universidade de São Paolo, were involved in this study. A qualitative study design was conducted where data were collected using an open-ended semi-structured in-depth interview, observations, and field notes during a three-month attachment program in São Paolo. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. As a result, seven core themes emerged: football culture, appreciation culture, futebol de várzea, Futebol de Salao (Futsal), small-sided game, winning mentality, and competition structure. Exchange programs involving coaches, players, sports coaching students and sports science experts should be seriously carried out between Brazil and developing countries in football.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD) and Interactive Games: A
Literature Review
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Harilaos Zaragas Ageliki Rogoti Konstantinos Sogias Evi Mike and Andriana Ntalagiani Children with deficits or delays in visual-motor coordination skills experience difficulties in acquiring academic skills, participating in school activities as well as in social relationships. Valid and early detection of visual-motor difficulties and their treatment through intensive and effective intervention programs have been shown to bring about significant improvements in the functioning of children with DCD. The purpose of this literature review was to examine the effectiveness of intervention programs that involve the use of interactive games to deal with visual-motor coordination difficulties in preschool, school and adolescent children. The method used was the search of the relevant literature in databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Plos One, Taylor & Francis, Science Direct, EKT & IKEE, etc.) with keywords in the title and the text of the abstract (video games intervention and DCD, computer games, virtual games, active games, exergames, rehabilitation and DCD, Wii intervention for DCD, etc.), in order to identify and display articles that would be relevant to the topic under consideration as much as possible. 105 bibliographic references (93 scientific articles, 9 conference proceedings and 3 diploma theses) have emerged from the initial search carried out with the aim of a systematic review of the existing literature. After removing studies involving tablet games for people over the age of 18 and for children who did not have DCD, 36 studies were finally reviewed. The results showed, in their majority, a positive effect of interactive games for the elimination of visual-motor difficulties already at preschool age. There have been studies that have shown a positive effect on the social and emotional development of children. Children seem to have a lot of fun using the interactive toys. Of course, the contribution of interactive games to the normalization of DCD has not yet been investigated in depth and more thorough research is needed in the direction of the type, the time frame, the frequency of the activity as well as the training of the special educators and therapists. Future researches on the implementation of programs with interactive games could focus on: a) the long-term effect on preschool, school children and adolescents with DCD problems, b) the combination with physical activity and sports, and c) the development of children's social and emotional skills.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- The Effect of Proprioceptive Training Program on Joint Position Senses,
Balance Ability and Agility of Male Volleyball Players
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Se Woon Yoon Gi Chul Ha Kwang Jun Ko and Jae Deung Kim This study aimed to find the effects of proprioception training for improving ankle and trunk joint position senses, balance ability, agility and power, and thereby to lay the theoretical ground of proprioceptive training for preventing volleyball players' injuries and improving their athletic performance. As the subjects of this study, 30 male players in Korea Volleyball Federation (KOVO), who had the career as volleyball players, were selected. The active motion mode of the Humac NORM (CSMI, U.S.A.), the isokinetic testing equipment to measure ankle joint and trunk position sense accurately, was used to measure inversion, eversion, plantar flexion, dorsi flexion and trunk flexion joint position. For balance ability, static and dynamic balance ability evaluated. One leg standing with closed eyes test was used to measure static balance, and dynamic balance was measured using Y-balance. Agility was measured using a side step and a 20m dash. In the measurement of the joint position senses, with right ankle inversion 15o, left & right ankle dorsi flexion 10o, and left ankle plantar flexion and trunk flexion 15o, interaction effects were found (p
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Did Indonesian Badminton Succeed in the Tokyo Olympics'
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Agus Supriyanto Nur Indah Pangastuti Lismadiana La Sawali and Fx. Sugiyanto The Olympics is the largest multi-event championship in the world, which is used to show the performance of athletes. Participation in this big event is a matter of pride, especially if the athlete can present a medal for his country. One of Indonesia's mainstay sports to get an Olympic medal is Badminton. Coaching for national badminton athletes has been carried out in preparation for the Tokyo Olympics. During its journey, this coaching needs to be evaluated with a view to determining what activities are in accordance with the objectives. The method used in this evaluation research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques using FGD, interviews, observation, and documentation. Subjects were taken purposively, as many as 11 people consisting of: four PP PBSI administrators, three coaches, and four athlete representatives. Based on the results of the context evaluation, it includes: 1) vision and mission; 2) Purpose; 3) Target can be categorized as Good. The input evaluation includes: 1) Trainers, 2) Athletes, and 3) Activity funding is said to be good. Process evaluation includes: 1) coaching 2) competition and 3) relegation is categorized as sufficient. Product evaluation includes: 1) Results and 2) awards for athletes categorized as Good. The obstacle found is the lack of utilization of sports science and technology which is a major part of the coaching process. The results obtained by Indonesian badminton athletes at the Tokyo Olympics were 1 gold in women's doubles and 1 bronze in men's singles.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Beginner Level Surf Training Model
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Nofi Marlina Siregar Eka Fitri Novita Sari Marlinda Budiningsih Lilis Suryani and Muslimin This study aims to create a beginner level surfing practice model. With the aim of research to create a beginner-level surfing training model, especially those related to stand-up techniques and take-off surfing techniques at the beginner level. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods, carried out in Lampung with research subjects as many as 10 children in the small trial and 20 children in the large trial by applying 10 beginner-level surfing training models. Based on the results of the effectiveness test on 20 research subjects, the initial test results of the stand-up technique in surfing were 20.75 and the final test of the stand-up technique in surfing was 26.4, there was an increase in the stand-up technique in surfing. The results of the initial test of the take-off technique in surfing were 18.15 and the final test of the take-off technique in surfing was 22.95, so there was an increase in the take-off technique in surfing. Based on the results of the research above, the beginner-level surfing training model can be applied as well as the beginner-level surfing training model to improve activities, abilities and basic surfing skills, especially those related to the basic stand-up and take-off techniques of surfing training for beginners.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Active Inference Theory: The Effect of Sport Training on Tracking
Movements Control
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Shestakov Mikhail Shevtsova Irina Kruchkov Andrey Fomichenko Tatiana and Novolotsky Alexey A concept of active inference suggested by K.Friston (2010, 2011) is considered in motor control as an alternative to a concept of optimal control, although they both are based on a theory of internal models. In our study, we applied the concept of active inference for the interpretation of experimental data we obtained in the course of elite athletes' development. To that end, we have studied tracking movements in elite alpine skiers (n=20), who performed several special tests throughout the preparation period. At the same time, they did blood tests, which revealed time spans characterized by significant (p
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Exploration of Structural Life Skill Program on Physical Activity
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Eddy Marheni Donie M. Ridwan Goesti Sabda Laksana Leni Apriani Ardiansyah Eko Purnomo Nina Jermaina and Firunika Intan Cahyani Life skills program as a forum for self-exploration for the younger generation to improve positive behavior. Developing life skills through physical activity can improve skills that aim to grow, expand and increase the potential of students in the future. Structured physical education and sports are deliberately designed to produce quality programs that have the potential to encourage positive youth development. Life skills development programs need to be modified into fun games, one of which is a well-planned sports program. This study examines life skills education; aims to obtain data describing the life skills education system, its learning process, and its learning outcomes in continuous physical activities. This study uses quantitative methods. The design used is the Randomized Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. The population in this study were sports coaching students studying at Universitas Negeri Padang. The sample of this research was taken by using randomized sampling in this study and was divided into two groups (treatment and control). Each group consists of 50 people. The implementation of the physical activity-based life skills program will be carried out on students who are taking introductory athletic courses. The results of this study explain that the treatment group has a better score than the other groups. The result of the research indicates that life skills education programs have the potential to protect children from possible negative influences, and threats to everyday life, as a way to maximize adolescent development towards a brighter future. Implementing life skills education in sports can contribute to improving life skills and adolescent development literature. The researcher hopes that the life skills development program can be a real step in developing the potential of students, especially in the field of sports, making it easier for students to succeed in their careers in the future.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Teachers' Perspectives on Promoting Physical Activity in Early Childhood
Education: A Pilot Study in Indonesia
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Lutfi Nur Mesa Rahmi Stephani and Arief Abdul Malik Teachers have a vital role in children's development. This study aims to collect the perspectives of early childhood education teachers on 1) the importance of their roles and responsibilities in promoting physical activity; 2) their understanding of various physical activities; and 3) their interest in physical activity training. An online survey was employed to obtain a quantitative description of the data and open-ended questions to obtain feedback in the form of early childhood education teacher comments to obtain comprehensive data results. 22 early childhood education teachers were involved in this study. The results showed that most early childhood education teachers revealed the importance of promoting physical activities in early childhood (67.3% to 91.8%), and their understanding of physical activities in early childhood education was between 57.3% - 82.7%. They had the lowest score on the implementation of aquatic activities at schools. Most of the candidates (77.3% - 90.9%) showed an interest in participating in further physical activity training. These findings serve as initial data to develop an appropriate physical education model for early childhood in Indonesia. Overall, early childhood education teachers are very interested in participating in physical activity training that can increase their role in promoting child development.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Badminton Skills Diagnostic Model (BSDM) Instrument Design: Based on
Cybernetic Theory
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Donie Alex Aldha Yudi Yendrizal Ardo Okilanda Eval Edmizal and Muslimin This research aims to observe the contribution of the cybernetic-based badminton skills diagnostic model (BSDM) instrument design formulation as an effective instrument for achieving good motion analysis. Technical and tactical actions are very decisive in competitive badminton players' terms. The use of cybernetic theory becomes the diagnosing basis and improving skills. Cybernetics regulates a goal-directed self-regulation system based on the stimulus process, and the response that occurs. This study uses the Research & Development method. This process is carried out in four distinct steps: first, review of the scientific literature; second, qualitative and quantitative assessments were carried out by 8 experts in the fields of motion theory, tests and measurements and badminton; third, content validity was estimated using the Aiken V Coefficient; Finally, the intra-observer reliability and inter-observer reliability were tested by two badminton-specific observers using the Kappa Cohen coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. For practicality and effectiveness, testing was carried out on 95 badminton players. Footwork, Execution, Shuttlecock running, and Stroke are used as units of measure by observation instruments in badminton. The data analysis process uses SPSS 25 statistical software. Based on the results, an observation instrument designed to be valid, reliable, and effective to analyze the technical and tactical actions of badminton playing skills. It is possible to analyze players who are lower class and elite class. The result of the flagship project is to present the instrument design solution of cybernetic-based badminton skills diagnostic model (BSDM).
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Competitive Anxiety Level of International and National Kurash Athletes
before and during Competition
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Orif Sobirov Iryna Skrypchenko Farruh Ahmedov Komiljon Norboyev Rishad Badayev and Zafar Utayev The anxiety of an athlete in the process of participating in competitions and in the process of competitions is the main obstacle to achieving sports results. This study aimed to compare the state of anxiety before and during the competition of different levels and gender categories of kurash athletes. A total of 450 kurash athletes (international level - 225, national level - 225, males - 238, females - 212) voluntarily participated in this study. The verification of participants was carried out at 4 competitions in the territory of Uzbekistan. The instrument used for the research was the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 which consisted of 27 items and was tested twice: to examine the level of anxiety before and during the competition. To test the research hypotheses, t-tests were used, and P values were set at p
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Peculiarities of Physical Fitness of 17-20 Years Old Basketball Players
Taking into Account Their Playing Role
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Mykola Bezmylov Oksana Shynkaruk Grygoriy Griban Bogdan Semeniv Oksana Yudenko Andrii Lytvynenko Olena Otroshko Nataliya Kholchenkova Halyna Kurtova Mykola Kostenko and Alimie Osmanova The article examines the problems of controlling the physical fitness of basketball players who are at the training stage for higher achievements. The comparative analysis of the level of physical fitness of young Ukrainian basketball players and their foreign peers who underwent testing (Draft Combine) during selection for professional NBA clubs was carried out. A significant (p < 0.05) advantage of foreign basketball players in tests that determined the level of speed, speed and strength as well as coordination abilities over Ukrainian basketball players was established. The players of the defending line (point guard, shooting guard) have a reliable advantage over the players of the offensive line (forward, center) in such tests as ¾ court sprint, line agility test, vertical jump, Yo-Yo test. Statistically reliable correlative relationships were established between the results of the multi-stage Yo-Yo shuttle test and the parameters of competitive activities of basketball players in a match. The athletes who showed better results in the Yo-Yo test (m) spent more playing time on the court during the season (r = 0.722).
PubDate: Dec 2022
- The Effect of Unified and Multi Direction Training on Physical Abilities
in Basketball
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Mohammed Elgammal and Naglaa Radwan This research aims to determine the effect of unified direction training (UDT) and multi direction training (MDT) on various physical abilities (arms power, legs power, static and dynamic balance, agility, trunk and thigh flexibility) in basketball. Furthermore, identifying differences between the effect of both training protocols on (arms power, legs power, static and dynamic balance, agility, trunk and thigh flexibility) in basketball. The researchers used experimental approach on a sample of twenty basketball players, assigned into two groups, experimental training group with UDT (n = 10) and experimental group with MDT (n = 10), participated in the same weekly basketball training programme, which included three sessions (90 min each). Besides, the UDT and MDT conducted 24 experimental sessions, this lasted 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Pretests and posttests were performed for both groups in arms power, legs power, static and dynamic balance, agility, trunk and thigh flexibility. Improvement percent was obtained for both groups. Results: There are statistically significant differences between posttests for both groups: (UDT) and (MDT) in physical abilities in basketball but with higher increase for MDT group. There is an increase of (MDT) compared with (UDT) posttests improvement percent in physical abilities in basketball.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- A System for the Management of Digital Transformation to Develop
Productive and Competitive Performance in Sports Facilities
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Mustafa Issa Ali Al Ahmed and Ahmed K. Hassan Digital transformation has led to improvements in the performance of sports teams, clubs, facilities, and institutions, which has resulted in an increase in fans' participation while maintaining the financial efficiency of those sports institutions and facilities. Furthermore, digital transformation in sports has significantly accelerated multiple aspects of management, training, and more. This study proposes a system for digital transformation in order to develop sports facilities' productive and competitive performance. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the form of surveys and determining mutual relations. The data show that the level of digital transformation management in sports facilities was 0.66, productive performance was 0.63, and competitive performance was 0.66. Therefore, there is a statistically significant correlation between all the aspects of digital transformation management, including the overall degree of digital transformation management, and the productive and competitive performance of sports facilities. Therefore, sports facilities, clubs, and institutions should rely on digital transformation. In light of these research results, the following can be summarized: There is a lack of digital transformation in Saudi sports Facilities. There is poor planning of production operations in Saudi sports facilities. There is poor production capacity and poor control over production processes in Saudi sports facilities. Competitive performance levels are low in Saudi sports facilities. There is a positive correlation between the management of digital transformation and both the productive and competitive performance of Saudi sports facilities. Therefore, the researchers proposed a system that can be used to develop the productive and competitive performance of Saudi sports facilities through digital transformation.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Development of a Mobile Application for Physical Fitness Testing
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Kelly Semsem and Jonar T. Martin The study designed and evaluated a mobile application that could be used as an alternative in measuring the Physical Fitness level of senior high school students in Porac, Pampanga and Philippines. This descriptive developmental study comprised of purposively selected respondents, 72 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) senior high school students, 20 Physical Education teachers and 5 ICT experts across various institutions and fields. Participants answered the Technical Evaluation Guidelines and Checklist section 10.2 of the Department of Education which is used for the evaluation of computer programs, applications, and mobile applications. Descriptive statistical treatment was conducted in the analysis of data. Results of the study developed a mobile application for physical fitness testing for Android smart phone applications anchored on the results of the needs analysis, Department of Education manual and the Philippine Physical Fitness Test norms. The mobile application for physical fitness was designed in terms of Multimedia feature, Behavior of Controls and System Information, Overall Interface and Customizability/Support for User Preferences. The developed mobile application for physical fitness testing was evaluated as excellent by students, teachers and ICT experts. Hence, the proposed mobile application could be a viable tool as an alternative mode of tracking and computing the physical fitness level of the students. Results of this study may be utilized by future researchers interested in the development of other mobile applications for fitness and physical activity purpose.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Analysis of Coaches' Leadership Style and Its Impact on Athletes'
Satisfaction in University Football Teams
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Hayder N. Jawoosh Harith Abdelelah Alshukri Mazin Hadi Kzar Muhannad Nazar Kizar Mustafa Ahmed Abdul Ameer and Mohd Radzani Abdul Razak Leadership style is a critical factor in achieving success in any field or goal. In sport, it is necessary to consider the complementarity between the coach’s leadership style and sporting satisfaction to achieve team success. In this study, we examine this factor using 194 male football players from public university teams. The research methodology aims to examine the multidimensional model of leadership style to understand the relationship between the five types of leadership styles training and instructions, social support, positive feedback, democratic leadership and autocratic leadership and athletes' satisfaction. Both aspects were captured through (i) the Leadership Scale of sports to assess leadership style and (ii) the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess athlete satisfaction. SPSS was used in statistical analysis of data. From the correlation results, the relationships between all facets of leadership style (training and instruction, autocratic style, democratic style, social support, and positive feedback) and athlete satisfaction are significant. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis found that autocratic leadership was negatively associated with athlete satisfaction. In contrast, a positive relationship was found for the styles of training and guidance, democratic leadership, social support and positive feedback. The relationship between the coaches' leadership style and the athletes' satisfaction is underlined by the results of this research. The leadership style practised by the coach, with which the athletes are satisfied, achieves the desired goal of promoting quality education.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- The Effects of 6-Week Training with Junior Weight Vest (JWV) for Arm
Strength and Running Speed in Junior Martial Arts Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Dec 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 6 Made Agus Dharmadi Strength and speed are very important components in martial arts. The use of Junior Weight Vest (JWV) in training has the potential to increase strength and speed of junior martial arts athletes. This study aimed at determining the effect of wearing JWV on arm strength and running speed of junior martial arts athletes aged 9-15 years, totalling 20 people. This research was conducted for 6 weeks, 3-4 times per week and 50 minutes per day. Two groups were utilized, namely control group and experimental group using MANOVA analysis. The control group was treated with martial arts training using their own body weight and the experimental group was treated with martial arts training by wearing JWV weighing 650 grams - 1000 grams. The conclusions of the study are: 1) there was a difference in the effect of using JWV on arm strength (p 0,001 < 0,05), 2) there was a difference in the effect of using JWV on running speed (p 0,001 < 0,05), and 3) there was a difference in the effect of simultaneously using JWV and Non JWV on arm muscle strength and running speed in junior martial arts athletes (p 0,000 < 0,05). This research shows that the arm strength and running speed of junior martial arts athletes can be increased by using JWV. Trainers, sport teachers, parents, community, sports organizations, and leaders in the field of sports can be informed that the results of this research have a measurable benefit in increasing arm strength and running speed using the Junior Weight Vest (JWV). The application of JWV in other sports such as badminton, basketball, volleyball, tennis, and even swimming can be considered as a topic for further researches.
PubDate: Dec 2022
- Malaysian State Sports Schools Football Coaching Process Model
Development: A Grounded Theory Approach
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Ramesh Ram Ramalu Zulakbal Abd Karim Gunathevan Elumalai and Nor Fazila Abd Malek This research was conducted to identify the most significant Malaysian football development coaching process model in Malaysian coaching context that describes the key development themes guided by Effective Coaching Model. A total of 14 head coaches from Malaysian State Sports Schools were chosen by using purposive sampling design. The research instrument used was an in-depth semi-structured interview with open-ended questions that emerged from Grounded Theory. Based on the analysis, the following six core categories and eighteen subcategories emerged that make up the effective coaching in the coaching process; i) coaching knowledge (professional knowledge, psychological knowledge), ii) coaching philosophy (characteristics, holistic approach), iii) planning (coaching syllabus, signature coaching, individual development, fun elements, risk management), iv) deliver (heuristic, empowerment, spirituality), v) analyzing (evaluating, observation, monitoring) and vi) outcome (competence, life skills, coaching intervention). It is suggested that the effective coaching process model will provide an impetus to examine further coaching processes and strategies to ensure all coaches are well supported, trained, and developed. The study's implication is suggested to assist the development of football coaches.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Development of High Intensity Interval Training Activity Module in
Physical Education: A Need Analysis among Primary School Teachers
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Vadivelan Lohonathan Norhazira Rahim and Siti Hartini Azmi Physical education (PE) subject is an important component in the national curriculum in Malaysia to produce a healthy and fit young generation. Active involvement in physical activity and exercise can improve cognitive function and aerobic capacity of children. In regards to that, High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is an alternative training protocol to improve body physiological function, fitness performance and health. Furthermore, HIIT has recently attracted significant research attention in a wide range of population lately. The objective of this study is to investigate the need of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) in the implementation of PE activities. The survey study through a questionnaire involved a total of 220 primary school PE teachers who were selected by purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire was divided into two parts, part A consists of information and background of the respondents, part B is about the development of HIIT activity module implementation in PE. Data were analyzed descriptively. This study showed that 86.8 percent of teachers agree that there is a need to develop HIIT module for PE subject as an initiation of HIIT activities in PE to ensure the practice of HIIT activities in long term among young minds. The implications of this study suggested that teachers pay attention to the need to develop HIIT module as an alternative training program that increases physical fitness among kids. Therefore, this study is expected to provide a basic overview of the need to develop a HIIT module to be practiced in PE class as the implementation of HIIT improves aerobic fitness optimally in a shorter time period.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Sports Safety Instruments on the Field Based Model ADDIE
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Muhammad Amirul Adnan Norkhalid Salimin Rozaireen Muszali Julismah Jani Mohd Izwan Shahril Mai Shihah Abdullah and Mohd Esa Baruji This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of sports safety level instruments on the field based on the ADDIE Model. This study used a field sports safety level instrument that assesses the level of safety on the school field including the level of environmental safety, control, information, field maintenance and records management. The measuring instrument of this study was built based on the ADDIE Model. Dan Petersen's Accident Theory and Domino's Accident Cause Theory were used as a basis for the construction of this instrument and adapted to the school situation in Malaysia based on several circulars issued by the Ministry of Education Malaysia. All resources were used as a guide and reference so that the assessment instruments developed are in accordance with the needs and requirements of the school situation in Malaysia. The results of the study found that the validity of the sports safety level instrument on the field was r = 0.91 (N = 3) for the first process of validity and r = 0.92 (N = 5) for the second process of validity. This indicates a high validity value for both validation processes carried out. The value of Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient used in determining the reliability of sports safety instruments on the field was high α = 0.84. Based on the findings, this field sports safety level instrument is suitable to be used as a standard instrument to assess the field sports safety level. The implication of the study is that this instrument as a realistic, holistic assessment instrument can measure the level of sports safety on the field in line with the Safe Schools Policy (2002).
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Validity and Reliability of Shark Buoy Swimming Aid
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Farizul Athir Mohd Ramli and Yusop Ahmad The aim of the study is to determine the value of the validity and reliability of a swimming aid innovation, which is known as Sharky Buoy. A descriptive study design was used in this study. There are five expert panels involved in this study to evaluate the content validity of the swimming aid by using a questionnaire. Result shows that the swimming aid has a high score of content validity, which is r= 0.81. Meanwhile, to measure the reliability of the swimming aid, 30 swimming coaches were chosen randomly to fill out the questionnaire according to the extent of their satisfaction regarding the swimming aid. The result shows that the swimming aid has a good score of reliability, which is 0.80. The reliability has been evaluated using a Cronbach Alpha in the SPSS. In short, the swimming aid is suitable to be used as a teaching aid to teach children how to swim effectively.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Effect of 9 Weeks Football Training Program for players under 14 Years
Old: A Trial Study
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Norkhalid Salimin Mohammad Zarid Zaini and Teeraphan Sangkaew This trial study is aimed at helping coaches train players for comprehension and intelligence in football. Organized, systematic and comprehensive training modules can help coaches to train and improve player performance. The trial study design is a quasi-experimental method with pretest - posttest design. Subjects were football players under 14 years old from Johor Bahru district in Malaysia. Subjects were divided into treatment group (n = 26) and control group (n = 26). Treatment group was exposed to CGfU Module for nine weeks. On the other hand, control group was exposed to the FAM License 'C' Football Training Module for nine weeks. The research instrument was the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT). The effect of the use of the training modules was tested on the performance of football players under 14 years old in terms of performance quality, place of action on the field and action results. Based on the t-test, the intervention significantly affected the post-test performance of football players in the treatment and control groups. Nevertheless, the t-test showed no significant difference in pre-test performance between the treatment and control groups. The t-test also showed no significant difference in post-test performance between the treatment and control groups. In conclusion, CGfU Module had an impact on the performance of under-14 football players. The game modification training method using the CGfU Module can increase understanding and make players intelligent in the football game.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Hydration Knowledge, Fluid Replacement Habit and Hydration Status among
Development Athletics Athletes in Malaysian Sports School Pahang
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Zulezwan Ab Malik Norhazira Abdul Rahim Ali Md Nadzalan and Muhamad Arif Abdullah Objective: This study aims to identify the hydration knowledge, fluid replacement habit and hydration status among development athletics athletes in Malaysia Sports School Pahang. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 63 athletes aged 15.6 ±1.7 (male= 51%, female= 49%) that take part in 3 different events (sprinters n=22, field events n=21, long-distance n=20). The hydration knowledge and fluid replacement habit were identified using a validated questionnaire. Meanwhile, the hydration status was assessed before the athletes started their morning training using urine refractometer. Result: The mean score for knowledge and fluid replacement habit were 6.98±1.20 and 6.81±1.30 respectively. The specific gravity (USG) mean score was 1.034±0.045, which indicated for severely dehydrated. More than half of the athletes (57%) were categorized as significantly dehydrated. Next, there was a strong and positive correlation between hydration knowledge and fluid replacement habit score (r=0.638, p
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Comparison between Aquatic and Thera-Band Exercises on Pain Intensity and
Endurance among Obese Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4A Kogilavani Krishnan Fariba Hossein Abadi Lee Ai Choo Fairus Fariza Zainudin and Saeid Motevalli Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) causes pain, stiffness, muscular weakness, and walking difficulties, leading to physical inactivity and consequently the rise in obesity as a public health concern. This study aimed to compare the effects of aquatic and Thera-band exercises on pain intensity and endurance among obese people with KOA. In a cross-sectional study, 45 obese participants (n = 45; male = 22, female = 23) with KOA (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg.m-2) were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups; aquatic exercise (AqG), Thera-band exercise (TBG) and control (CG) groups. For eight weeks, the AqG and TBG groups performed the exercise program twice weekly at 60 min per session. The Mixed-ANOVA statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the effects of aquatic exercise, Thera-band exercise, and CG after eight weeks in terms of pain intensity (F: 2, 42= 34.18, p < 0.001) and endurance (F: 2, 42 = 11.425, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, both intervention groups had a significant effect on pain intensity (p
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Influence of Traditional Sports Practice to Improve Agility and Speed
Geri Mawashi Kenshi
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Muhamad Fajar Ansharudin Sulistiyono Carles Nyoman Wali Komarudin Guntur Gunathevan Elumala Martono and Awan Hariono The game of gobak sodor is a traditional Indonesian sport that has been preserved to this day. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the traditional sport of gobak sodor on the speed and agility of mawashi kenshi in Shorinji Kempo Martial Arts. The method in this research is Quasi Experiment, with One Group Pre Test and Post Test Design. The population in the study amounted to 30 kenshi, and then 30 kenshi were all used as subjects in this study. The instrument used in this research is a test instrument, pre test and post test. The data analysis technique of this research is t-test with a significance level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that the traditional sport of gobak sodor has an effect on increasing the speed and agility of kenshi when performing the mawashi geri technique in Shorinji Kempo Martial Arts. This is in accordance with the results of the post test t test with the highest score of 39.00% on the speed aspect of doing mawashi geri and the post test result with the highest score of 28.00% on the agility aspect. The limitation in this research is that the basic technique is single, and it does not use all the elements of the biomtor and the research subject. The researcher hopes that other researchers can develop this research by involving basic techniques in martial arts that are not singular and use more complete biomotor elements.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- We are the Champions: Towards Athlete Achievement, Sports Promotion, and
Sports Stress Management
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Nurjannah Nurjannah Andi Dewi Angreyani Baharman Supri Musakirawati Musakirawati and Marwan Marwan With no proper stress management, there will be a worse effect towards the athletes e.g. physical and/or mental disorder. Yet, this study discloses that there is a lack of body of knowledge and less literature in explaining the mediating role of stress management effect on such disorders of the professional athletes. As such, this study aims to apply a quantitative research method in explaining the mediating effect of stress management on the relationships between stress and the athletes' achievement and sports organization performance through the use of partial least square statistical test. This study has 96 over 217 samples which consist of the athletes who are officially registered and active in either public or private sports organization. The findings of this study for theoretical contribution disclose and recommend that the athlete's stress is vital and it needs to be coped accurately through the proper technique of stress management. The result of the application of effective stress management technique also leads the athletes to improve their performance as well as achievement. This later directly or indirectly increases the organization performance. For example, it will be easy to promote sports organization product/ service in attracting potential young talents, prospective financial sponsorships, etc.. The contribution for practical implications will also be explained in detail within a particular section of this paper.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Mobile Learning-Based Basketball Theory and Practice at University
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Muhammad Ishak Achmad Sofyan Hanif Johansyah Lubis and Moh. Fathur Rohman The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of implementing mobile learning-based basketball learning in universities during the pandemic. In addition, this research will improve the quality and flexibility of students' distance learning during the pandemic. The method used in this research is experimental. The subject of this research is the education of students who are currently receiving training courses for basketball theory and practice as many as 250 students in five universities. The results of this study consist of three parts, namely identification of the learning environment, justification of the material by experts, and implementation. Based on data analysis, it shows that 100% of students require the development of this learning resource. Meanwhile, according to the evaluation results of basketball experts, sports got a percentage of 89.44% which means very good; according to learning technology experts, it obtained a percentage of 89.34% which means very good; learning experts got a percentage of 91.67% which means very good. Based on the Paired Samples Test, the sig value is known. (2-tailed) experimental group is 0.000
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Role of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Peripheral Enthesitis in Patients with
Spondyloarthropathy
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Hana Nassef Hazem Ibrahim Shaimaa El-Diasty and Shorouq Sabry Enthesitis is defined as inflammation of the tendon, ligament, or capsule insertion into the bone. It is considered an early and cardinal marker of spondyloarthropathy (SpA) diagnosis. There is a growing demand for more accurate methods to diagnose enthesitis as early as possible for a more efficient treatment delivery. Ultrasound (US) is considered a promising tool for the diagnosis of enthesitis. Our study aimed at assessing the correlation between US and disease activity as well as evaluating the ability of Glasgow Ultrasound Enthesitis Scoring Index (GUESS) and Sonographic Enthesitic Index (SEI) US scores to diagnose the condition. We designed a case-control-based study, in which 11 patients with spondyloarthropathy were included and 10 healthy subjects matched for age and sex were invited to participate. For each included subject, a thorough clinical and US assessment was performed on five different lower limb entheseal sites bilaterally. Results showed that among the 210 examined entheseal sites, 30 sites were for patients with active disease process; Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score> 4, whereas 80 sites were with inactive disease process. Hypo-echogenicity and Doppler signal at < 2 mm of bone surface were the only US findings with significant correlation to disease activity with p values≈0.006 and 0.03 respectively. 194 US abnormalities were detected among cases and only 68 abnormalities were found among controls [p value ≈ 0.024]. Most US abnormalities were reported among patients with PsA; 102/194 [52.58%] abnormalities. GUESS and SEI scores were significantly correlated with the underlying diagnosis of enthesitis, with a cut off value of about 0.986 for GUESS and 1 for SEI scores. In conclusion, Ultrasound proved to be a promising tool in assessing disease activity among patients with SpA yet should be combined with other clinical and laboratory data. Application of GUESS and SEI scores can assist in differentiating US findings caused by underlying SpA from those among normal healthy subjects.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Immediate Effects of the Manual Therapy Traction Manipulations on
Parameters of Cardiorespiratory System Functioning
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Oleksandr Romanchuk The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the cardiorespiratory system activity under the influence of traction manipulations in the thoracic spine. The study involved 26 adults, including 18 women aged 39.6 ± 12.1 years and 8 men aged 36.3 ± 8.3 years. The mean age of patients was 38.6 ± 11.2 years. The work used an integral method of studying the cardiorespiratory system - spiroarteriocardiorhythmography (SAKR). SACR registration was performed before and after traction manipulations in the thoracic spine directly in the procedure of manual therapy. The study of the immediate effect of traction manipulations of SMT in the thoracic spine on the cardiorespiratory system allowed establishing the main significant effects: decrease in HR (min-1) from 85.1 (77.1; 94.2) to 79.5 (69.8; 87.6), p=0.000, decrease in duration of QTC (s) from 0.419 (0.404; 0.434) to 0.413 (0.401; 0.427), p=0.012, decrease in CO (dm3) from 5.2 (4.6; 5.8) to 4.9 (4.4; 5.6), p=0.000, SI (dm3/m2) from 3.05 (2.75; 3.30) to 2.90 (2.62; 3.20), p=0.000, increase in Vexp (L/s) from 0.28 (0.22; 0.34) to 0.31 (0.25; 0.39), p=0.030. The obtained data suggest that the main effects of traction manipulations on the thoracic spine are associated more with the changes in hemodynamic parameters of blood circulation due to activation of expiratory muscles and chest mobility, when the suction mechanisms of the chest and cardiovascular function of diaphragm are activated.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Impacts of Plyometric Circuit Training before and after Technical
Training on Cardiorespiratory and Power Abilities of Junior Male
Volleyball Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Hendri Permana Endang Rini Sukamti Suhadi and Yulvia Miftachurochmah This study aimed to determine the effect of plyometric circuit training on cardiorespiratory and power abilities in male volleyball athletes. This study was experimental research with a Quasi-Experimental Design that involved male volleyball athletes from the Yuso Sleman Club as the population. The sample included 20 athletes determined by ordinal pairing, which were then divided into two groups. Using the multistage test, the first group was utilized to measure cardiorespiratory ability (VO2max). Meanwhile, the other group used the vertical jump test to measure the power ability. The data analysis applied the t-test to comprehend the data structure in high dimensions because it involved more than one variable. The research analysis showed that the VO2max variable in group I increased cardiorespiratory ability by 5.21% or 2.24 ml/kg BW/minute, and group II showed an increase by 2.64 or 1.15 ml/kg BW/minute. The power variable or vertical jump in group I showed 66.20, increased by 0.8 cm or 1.2% to 67.00; group II showed 69.50 cm, increased by 3.60 cm or 5.18% to 73.10 cm. The smash variable in group I showed 27.50 times, increased by 0.20 or 0.73% to 27.70 times, group II showed 27.20 times, increased by 5.8 or 31.32% to 33 times. Based on the results, plyometric circuit training before technical training had a more positive and significant effect on the cardiorespiratory and power of volleyball players, and to improve cardiorespiratory ability and power using plyometric circuit training, it is better to give it after technical training.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Effect of Games Experience Learning Model and Fundamental Movement
Skills on Improving Soccer Playing Skills in Youth Soccer Players
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Yudanto Wawan Sundawan Suherman Sigit Nugroho Guntur and Dewangga Yudhistira Games experience learning (GEL) exercise model is to improve football playing skills. GEL testing has not been done much. The purpose of this study is to test the GEL model and engineering approach including (1) differences in the influence of GEL and technical approaches on football playing skills, (2) differences in the influence between students with high and low fundamental skills on football playing skills, (3) interaction of GEL models and technical approaches with high and low fundamental skills towards football playing skills. The research method was a factorial 2x2 experiment, participants of football players aged 9-10 years totaled 48, and research instruments David lee soccer test and TGMD-2. Data collection techniques are tests and measurements, and data analysis techniques used two-way Anova with the help of SPSS 23. Result: (1) there is a significant difference between the GEL and the technical approach to the skill of playing football, the GEL method is better than the approach of using engineering techniques. (2) There is a significant difference between high and low fundamental skills in football playing skills, and high fundamental skills are better than low skills. (3) There is a significant interaction between GEL and approaches using techniques with high and low fundamental skills for football playing skills. It is concluded that the GEL model is better than the model with a technical approach to improve football playing skills in young players.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Development of a Volleyball Test Instrument Model
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Muhamad Sazeli Rifki Raudhatul Hanifah Endang Sepdanius Anton Komaini Ilham Hadi Pery Fajri and Deby Tri Mario This study's problem stems from that the volleyball skills test instrument used so far has not fully measured the volleyball skills possessed by athletes. Therefore, it is necessary to have an adequate instrument to assess these two sides, both in accuracy and motion evaluation. This research developed a volleyball skill test instrument such as the bottom pass, smash, and top service that involved athletes and volleyball coaches from West Sumatra. It was conducted at 5 West Sumatra volleyball clubs, totaling 60 athletes. In the first stage, a limited trial was carried out on 25 athletes from the total population. The second stage was tested on 60 athletes and involved 21 trainers for both practicality testing and effectiveness testing. The standardization process was carried out through several tests, namely: (1) validity testing, (2) reliability testing, (3) practicality testing, and (4) effectiveness testing. The resulting volleyball skill instrument consists of three instruments, namely (1) the lower passing instrument, (2) the Smash instrument, and (3) the upper service instrument. The three instruments' applicability has also been tested in practical terms with an average achievement of 85.17 and effectiveness with an average of 85 (practical) usability. This study concludes that creating a standard instrument can be used to test the three mastery of volleyball skills, namely the lower pass, smash, and volleyball service skills.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Influence of Ankle-Foot Orthoses and Ankle-Foot Joint Immobility on Gait
Stability
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Wen Fan and Yasuhiko Hatanaka Background/Aims: In this study, we observed the effects of orthotics and ankle immobility on lateral stability to establish screening procedures for people with potential fall risk, assess the effect of foot and ankle abnormalities on gait stability, and determine the balance between functionality and stability in the design of orthotics. Methods: We examined 19 young, healthy participants while walking at a fixed gait velocity on a level surface. To calculate the medial-lateral margin of stability (ML MoS), the center of mass (CoM) moving velocity and base of support (BoS) were analyzed. We also examined factors that influenced a significant difference in the medial-lateral components  of the CoM moving velocity to obtain the ground reaction force (GRF), joint angles, joint moments, and co-relation of joints. The significant differences in these indicators by gait events were used to verify the effects of different foot and ankle conditions and the wearing of different ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) on the lateral stability of gait events in different stance phases. Results: The ML MoS differed significantly at right heel strike (RHS). In addition, the ML MoS of each of the 19 participants in this study was significantly different immediately before the left heel strike (pre-LHS). However, due to the large heterogeneity of the disturbance generated by the abnormal motion of the ankle joint at pre-LHS, a consistent pattern of differences between groups was not obtained. Conclusions: Limited ankle inversion-eversion and adduction-abduction, combined with poorer foot rigidity, resulted in significantly lower lateral stability in the initial stance phase (at RHS). The angular difference between dorsiflexion and pronation, as well as the greater CoM lateral velocity, are the main reasons for the low lateral stability at this moment. These could be the targeted gait events and ankle movements for further research, treatment, and training.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Effectiveness of an Isokinetic Training Protocol on Muscular
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Koulla Parpa and Marcos Michaelides It has been indicated that strength imbalances following an ACL reconstruction are essential indicators of incomplete rehabilitation programs and increased risk for re-injury. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an isokinetic training protocol on muscular imbalances in soccer players who underwent ACL surgery. Twenty-four elite male soccer players who were found to have strength imbalances six months post-surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to either the control or the experimental group. The isokinetic knee strength was assessed before and after the 5-week intervention program. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant main effect of training intervention on torque production for the quadriceps [F(1,22)= 34.95, p
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Analysis of Body Mass Index and Physical Condition of Martial Athletes in
West Kalimantan Province: Study towards PON 2021
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Victor Simanjuntak Tandiyo Rahayu and Dewangga Yudhistira Monitoring body mass index (BMI) and physical condition in sports are critical, especially in self-defense sports where weight categories and special physical conditions are used for competition. As a result, an examination is required. This study aimed to (1) determine body mass index and physical condition, (2) correlate BMI, speed, and agility factors with VO2max, and (3) compare BMI and physical condition in karate, judo, and Kempo. The research method was descriptive quantitative and ex-post-facto. Participants included 12 karate athletes, 11 judo players, and 8 Kempo athletes aged ±20-23 years, weighing ±60-80 kg and height ±160-180 cm. Tests and measurements were used to acquire data. Data were analyzed using percentage analysis, Spearman's Rho, and Kruskal Wallis with SPSS 21. The percentage results showed that 30% of athletes were included in the "poor" category on the speed variable, 25% were included in the "poor" as well on the VO2max, and 10% were included "overweight" on the BMI variable. A significant correlation was found in the results of the correlation between BMI and VO2max r-0.474 and the value of sig. (2-tailed) 0.007< 0.05. A comparison of all variables with asymp. sig. values greater than 0.05 revealed no significant difference. It was concluded that, in terms of BMI, it is necessary to organize nutritional periodization of athletes whose physical condition has to be improved following the periodization carried out with the hope that nutritional status and physical condition will improve. The findings of this study are expected to be an evaluation for coaches and athletes.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Impact of Mini-Basketball Training Sessions on the 6-7-Year-Old Boys'
Physical Fitness and Physical Development
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Olena Mitova Grygoriy Griban Dmytro Oleniev Artem Yakovenko Viola Onyshchenko Oleksandr Mozolev Bogdan Semeniv Andrii Lytvynenko Oksana Khurtenko Svitlana Zamrozevuch-Shadrina Larysa Kozibroda and Maryna Hres The aim of the research is to investigate the level of physical fitness and physical development of 6-7-year-old boys before and after the implementation of the authors' program of mini-basketball training sessions at the stage of initial training. The research involved 32 6-7-year-old boys, who were divided into experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups of 16 each. Physical fitness of boys was assessed by the following tests: 3x10 m shuttle run with running around stuffed balls, 4x9 m shuttle run, running to numbered stuffed balls, assessment of the sense of time, standing long jump, standing high jump, 10 m run, angle body from a sitting position, Romberg test. Physical development of boys was assessed by indicators of height, body weight, wrist dynamometry, vital capacity of the lungs, heart rate and blood pressure. As a result, the Robinson, Rufier, Kettle, vital and strength indices were calculated. At the end of the experiment the EG boys revealed significantly better indicators of coordination skills, static balance, sense of time, speed and strength qualities in comparison with the CG boys. There was also a positive effect of the authors' program on the physical development of boys: the Robinson and Rufier indices improved significantly in the EG. It was established that authors' program of mini-basketball training sessions, which is built according to the age peculiarities of 6-7-year-old boys, creates the most favourable conditions for the development of physical qualities in boys, their harmonious physical development, improvement of body function and revealing cognitive abilities.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Analysis of Agility, Strength and Power Differences in Basketball Players
in Relation to Age
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Hadi Dewangga Yudhistira Syahru Romadhoni and Haris Kurnianto Basketball relies on ideal physical conditions. Power, agility, and strength are three of the most significant physical characteristics. To develop an appropriate training program depends on age, knowledge of power, agility, and strength are required. The study's goal was to examine power, agility and strength as a function of age. Ex post facto sampling was used in this study, and it was done using the purposive sampling strategy. Research participants were basketball junior players aged 15 to 18 years who were divided into 3 groups based on age. Vertical leap, 505, barbell squat, and bench press were the test instruments used. Kruskal Wallis and post hoc tests were used to analyze the research data. The power analysis was found to be 0.041>0.05, agility 0.094>0.05, leg strength 0.0010.05, and arm 0.0000.05 based on the Kruskal Wallis test results. The sig value of the post hoc test on the study of leg and arm strength was 0.0000.05. In conclusion, there was no significant difference between the analyses of power and agility, but there was a significant difference between the analyses of arm and leg strength at the ages of 15 and 18. The results of these findings can be used to increase the knowledge base and as an evaluation material for coaches for their athletes.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Physical Performance Characteristic of West Sumatera Athletes in Combat
and Game Sports
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Risky Syahputra Oktarifaldi Lucy Pratama Putri and Syahrial Bakhtiar It takes excellent physical preparation for athletes to face the XX National Sports Week event in Papua province for West Sumatra athletes. In the following, the characteristics of the physical condition of the athletes at the Provincial Training Center are presented in the martial arts and games. This study involves 77 selected athletes. The sampling technique used is total sampling, making all the population a sample. There are 10 instruments used to get a picture of the athlete's physical condition (Mackenzie, B), namely: sit ups, push ups, medicine hand ball, bleep test, 20 meter sprint, 400 meter sprint, t-run, core stability, split and jumping hurdle. Data analysis using descriptive techniques is conducted with the help of the SPSS Version 21 application. The research findings show that the athletes' Core Stability test results are in the very good category because only 14% of athletes are below the group average. Furthermore, the test results of sit ups, push ups, medicine hand ball, bleep test, 20 meter sprint, 400 meter sprint, t-run, split and jumping hurdle show that athletes' physical conditions were in the medium category, because 44% to 60% of athletes were below average. It can be concluded, from 10 physical condition test instruments, only core stability athletes are good. The average ability of other physical conditions is still not good and needs to be improved again so that the expected performance can be achieved optimally.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Physical Activity Module in Health Sports Physical Education Learning on
Physical Fitness and Health
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Berto Apriyano Zainal Abidin Zainuddin and Asha Hasnimy Mohd Hashim This study is expected to be able to contribute to increasing students' physical fitness and health so that it can help reduce the risk of obesity through exercise-based physical activity, namely TEFIX, which can be used in learning. In this way, it is hoped that the PJOK's objectives can be achieved. Therefore, this investigation is also expected to help PJOK teachers give more focus to the physical fitness stage of students. The method of this study is study and development (Research and Development). This research uses a quantitative approach method using Quasi Experimental Design through the Pretest and Posttest Control-Group Design methods. In this experiment, the investigator uses control and study sets, but the collection of participants into groups is not random. The examination used in this case is TKJI for physical fitness and BMI for health. Before completing the small organization trial, the TEFIX training modules can be verified with experts. With the results of eight validators getting the usual results in the "very good" category, then a small group trial analysis (Pre research) was carried out to obtain reliability using the results of the pre-test and post-test, for the BMI scores of male students "high" and female students "Very high", for TKJI scores of male students "high" and female students "tall". It can be concluded that the TEFIX physical activity module is valid and has a high correlation and high enough reliability to survive in a larger group sample.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Effect of Teaching Game Approach to Improve Football Passing
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Aldo Naza Putra and Sepriadi Physical Education teachers still use conventional and unvaried learning models, and the limitations of teachers in applying learning models result in students' skills in football games not being achieved. In addition, the tools used in learning are standard for professional players. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the learning model in football so that students are more active during learning and improve basic passing technique skills between boys and girls. The learning model applied is based on the 2013 physical education curriculum by taking one of the themes of games and sports. The research method used is experimental with pre-test and post-test designs. There is a division of groups to determine the effectiveness of the applied model (experimental and control groups). The sample in this study was 85 junior high school students (38 boys and 47 girls aged 12-15 years). The results of this study indicate that in the control group, there is a mean difference with the value t03,543>ttable2,030. In the experimental group, there is a mean difference with the value t029,605>ttable2,030. While the post-test results between the control and experimental groups showed a difference in the mean with the value t06,854>ttable1,989 significant 0,05. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the learning model applied is more effective in improving the essential technical skills of football passing in junior high school students. It should also be noted that the model used must be adapted to the characteristics of students so that it is more exciting and can be done during physical education learning. So students will be happier, more comfortable, and able to work together in understanding.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Swiss Ball-Based Core Stability Exercise for Students-Athletes of Pencak
Silat in Pontianak: Experimental Study
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Ramdani Amrullah Suriani Sari Ilham Surya Fallo Whalsen Duli Agus Lauh and Edi Purnomo The core muscles are essential for stabilization and strength building in all sports activities. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Swiss ball-based core stability training model for student-athletes of Pencak silat. Methods: This study used an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The subject of this research was the student-athlete of Pencak silat in Pontianak. Specifically, the sample was student-athletes aged 15-17 years. The respondents of this study were 60 student-athletes who were divided into two groups, the experimental and control groups, with 30 respondents in each. Analysis: Quantitative data analysis techniques were used to determine the effectiveness of the exercise model with plank instruments and modified bass tests of dynamic balance, before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 16. Results: The results obtained from the core muscle strength test using the plank instrument before was 1.8630 and after being given treatment was 2.763, concluded that the experimental group's core muscle strength was higher or more effective than the control group. While the value of dynamic balance with the modified bass test instrument obtained before was 26 and after being treated was 35.83. Conclusion: The balance test of the experimental group was higher or more effective than the control group. Based on preliminary and posttest evidence, Swiss ball-based core stability exercises effectively improve core muscle strength and dynamic balance. The effectiveness of the Swiss ball-based core stability exercise must be accompanied by a pattern of exercise that is in accordance with the muscle group and anatomical adaptation of the exercise according to the athlete's ability.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Quality of Organizational Agility in Crisis Management at the Football
Association in Jordan: Coaches' Perspective
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Hasan Mohammed Al-Khaldi The study aims to pinpoint the effectiveness of organizational agility in crisis management at the Jordan Football Association. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive approach is used, and a questionnaire scale is prepared as a measurement instrument. The study population consists of all the (60) male and female football coaches at the Jordan Football Association. After collecting the data and analyzing them statistically using T-test and ANOVA to find out the gender, the academic degree, and experience differences regarding organizational agility in crisis management, the findings indicate that the issue of applying the concept of organizational agility in crisis management in the Association is of a medium degree. The findings also show that there are no statistically significant differences for the variable of gender, experience, and academic degree exception for the dimension of practice agility, and in favor of the higher academic degree. In light of the aforesaid findings, the study recommends developing organizational and educational structures and regulations in a method that reduces bureaucracy, enhancing the independence of the departments and committees working in the Association to exercise speed and flexibility in decision-making, and improving the capabilities of directors of departments and committees in the Football Association in pinpointing and applying the concept of organizational agility and work practice.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Contribution of Leg Muscle Explosive Power, Agility, and
Self-confidence on Sickle Kick Performance
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Nurul Ihsan Rony Hidayat Damrah Hendri Neldi Sepriadi and Muslimin There are many factors affecting Pencak Silat performance, including physical, mental and kicking technique. Based on the preliminary study, it was found that the sickle kick ability of PSN Badai Kuamang Kuning college athletes was low. Thus, the purpose of this study was to know the effect of leg muscle explosive power, agility and confidence on sickle kick. This research used the quantitative approach (path analysis). There were 30 male athletes aged 15-18 years taken as samples through total sampling technique. There were some instruments to gather the data: vertical jump test to measure the leg muscle explosive power, T-test for agility, a questionnaire for self-confidence and sickle kick test to know sickle kick ability. The results of the study show: 1) The influence of leg muscle explosive power was 40.9%, 2) the direct influence of agility was 36.3%, 3) the direct influence of self-confidence was 33.9%, 4) the indirect effect on leg muscle explosive power through self-confidence was 29.1%, 5) the indirect influence of agility through self-confidence was 17.8%, 6) the simultaneous influence of leg muscle explosive power, agility and confidence on the ability of the sickle kick was 70.2%.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) Model Learning for Overhead Pass
Volleyball in Elementary School Students
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Silvi Aryanti Samsul Azhar James Tangkudung Yusmawati Bogy Restu Ilahi and Ardo Okilanda This study aims to determine the expert validation of the research product in the form of a learning model for the basic technique of overhead pass volleyball based on Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) in elementary school students. The research method used is research and development from Borg & Gall. The research product was validated by physical education learning experts and volleyball game material experts. The results of the expert validation of Physical Education and Sports learning for the top pass, namely the feasibility indicator, were obtained at 77.08%. The results of the validity indicator were obtained at 81.25%. The results of the expert validation of the volleyball game indicators in the variation of the TGfU-based learning model for passing over are 81.25%. The results of the ease indicator in the variation of the upper passing learning model obtained 83.33%. The research product on learning to pass over volleyball was validated by motor learning experts; the results obtained were 83.33% of the upper passing safety percentage. The results of the learning model that can improve volleyball passing skills are 79.17%. Based on the validation results that have been obtained, this research implies that the research product in the form of a TGfU-based learning model is suitable for use in passing learning on volleyball for upper-grade elementary school students.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Collegiate Modern
Pentathlon Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Jae-Ryang Yoon and Gi-Chul Ha This study aimed to analyze elite modern pentathlon athletes' anthropometric characteristics and present physical characteristics for better performance and investigate the characteristics of cardiorespiratory fitness and exercises to bone health. The subject of this study was 27 male modern pentathlon athletes. The dual-energy X-ray system absorptiometry was used in this study to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone mineral content (BMC) in the whole body. An automatic metabolic gas analyzer was used for the maximal graded exercise test. BMD differed significantly between the right and left arms and between the right and left parts of the trunk and the total body; however, no significant difference was found in BMD between the right and left legs (P
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Life Skill Development through Pencak Silat Martial Arts Training: An
Intentionally Structured Positive Youth Development Program
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Oman Hadiana Herman Subarjah Amung Ma'mun Mulyana Ricki Yuliardi and Lutfi Nur Pencak silat is a contemporary general term used in Indonesia, Malaysia, and other Southeast Asia countries to mention hundreds of traditional and modern martial arts which are performed either by a solo player or a duel, with or without musical background. One type of Pencak Silat in Indonesia is Tapak Suci. This research aimed at investigating the impact of Tapak Suci Training Model with Positive Youth Development based training in developing Life Skills for Athletes. This research was experimental research involving 56 athletes who were divided into two groups, 28 athletes for the experimental group and 28 athletes for the control group. The research instrument used was life skill questionnaires involving 35 questions about emotional skills, goal setting, problem-solving and decision making, leadership, and respect. Data analysis was done descriptively and a t-test was employed to investigate the different impacts between the two groups. The results showed that Tapak Suci Pencak Silat Training Model implemented in the experimental group gave a higher impact on the life skill transfer for athletes compared to the control group. This research concludes that Pencak Silat Tapak Suci Training Model is proved to be an effective effort for life skills transfer among athletes. In addition, the employment of programed exercises is recommended to be implemented for individual life skills transfer.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Development of the Endurance Training Model Based on Technique Drill
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Ridho Bahtra Aldo Naza Putra Didin Tohidin Muhammad Sazeli Rifki and Windo Wiria Dinata Low endurance capabilities will make it difficult for players to compete in competitive soccer matches. Therefore, a training model is needed to increase endurance so that players can play optimally and maintain their skills. This research aims to develop an endurance training model based on technique drills. The method used was research and development (R&D), with a total sample of 55 people who were divided into two groups, namely a small group trial and a large group trial. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation and interview. The observation was conducted in the training subject's location, while the interview was conducted with the players and coaches. The data collection instruments in this study were a list of questions and questionnaires. Based on the research steps that had been conducted, an endurance training model based on soccer technique drill with 26 variations of exercises was successfully developed. In addition, from the data analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the endurance training model based on technique drill is feasible to use, especially for young players (U-18). Young players have emotional characteristics that are still unstable and easily get bored. Therefore, in endurance training which is sometimes very boring, it is necessary to provide a more varied and attractive training model, so that motivation in undergoing the training process is maintained. This training model not only increases endurance but also improves basic soccer technical skills.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Impact of the Difference of Futsal Frequency towards Physical Stress
in Adolescent
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 J. D. K. Negara S. W. A. Jusman R. Sekartini E. I Ilyas Nuryadi H. R. D. Ray and A. Gumilar Futsal sports have high explosive characteristics with moderate-heavy intensity. The increase of cortisol is a biomarker for high-stress situations desirable throughout futsal—that catabolic hormone secreted in a state of physical or psychological stress. Meanwhile, a person's emotions are harmful, such as stress, anxiety, fear, and frustration. The release of the cortisol hormone can activate the sympathetic nervous system, distinguished by an increase in heart rate, and reduce the ability to think and react. Additionally, it represents a role in decreasing mood and muscle fatigue. This study's persistence was to determine the differences in the frequency of futsal practice on physical stress in adolescents (27 boys). This investigation approach is an experimental study in adolescents (13,63±0,84 years old) who perform futsal sports with different futsal frequency groups for ten weeks, specifically 1-time weekly exercise frequency (F1), 3-times weekly exercise frequency (F3), and 5-times weekly exercise frequency (F5). This research had passed the research ethics review issued. The testing results on F1 found no significant improvement in cortisol (51,21±22,66 vs. 61,02±27,69). In F3, there was no significant increase at the cortisol level (57,71±15,45 vs. 61,82±13,57), and in F5 group, there was a significant increase at the cortisol level (51,02±9,38 vs. 70,33±16,36). Interestingly, only the F5 group showed a significant increase at the cortisol level in this study. Anticipated F5 physically attends to be extremely high in the intensity of futsal exercise and induces fatigue and muscle damage that can stimulate an improvement in the endocrine system, constant with enhancing cortisol levels in the blood. This cortisol release can activate the sympathetic nervous system, characterized by a high pulse rate, but it can reduce the ability to think.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- The Effect of Endhorpin Massage and Physical Activity on Reducing Back
Pain Intensity of Pregnant Women
Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 4 Maidawilis Dewi S Wilda Welis Alimuddin and Ahmad Chaeroni Back pain problems that occur in pregnant women are often the causes of other new problems. Early treatment through endorphin massage and regular physical activity is an alternative solution to deal with this problem. This study aims to determine how the effect of endorphin massage and physical activity is on reducing the intensity of back pain for pregnant women in the working area of the Lubuk Alung Health Center. This study uses a quasi-experimental research design (design type one group pretest-post test) by conducting tests before and after treatment with a research sample of 34 respondents. The data were analyzed using inferential statistics. The researcher used the t statistical technique (t test). The results showed that there was an effect of endorphin message therapy and physical activity on reducing the intensity of back pain in pregnant women in the working area of the Lubuk Alung Health Center, Lubuk Alung Regency. The results of the analysis found Asymp.Sig. (2-tails) is 0.014, z -2.449. This shows that the given intervention (endorphin massage and physical activity) can reduce the level of back pain in pregnant women, and there are differences in the level of pain scale for pre and post tests. Thus, it can be concluded that endorphin massage and physical activity are very effective and efficient, especially in dealing with back pain problems in pregnant women. The application of endorphin massage in collaboration with physical activity is a new thing in the medical and sports world, so it is important to follow up in the future. It is expected that respondents can practice endorphin messages and physical activity to reduce pain scale, especially during pregnancy.
PubDate: Aug 2022
- Sports Participation and Well-being of Adolescents: Are They Related'
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Alisha Khan Meenu Dhingra and N. K. Mungreiphy Background: Participation in sports helps an individual to achieve recommended levels of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). MVPA plays a vital role in bringing about positive psychological and physiological changes contributing to both physical and emotional well-being. Aims: There is a scarcity of data to understand the role of regular participation in sports in promoting the overall physical activity in Indian adolescents. Our objective was to evaluate the sports participation as a means of enhancing physical and psychological health of children and youth by helping them to achieve daily physical activity requirements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 509 [n=259, athletic adolescents (AA) and n=250, non-athletic adolescents (NAA)]. Ryff's Psychological well-being questionnaire was used to assess their mental well-being state. Physical well-being VO2max and anthropometric parameters were assessed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: In the findings of the study, majority of NAA were found to be practicing low physical activity levels while in contrast, majority of AA were able to achieve moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity. AA were found with significantly better scores for personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, self-acceptance and total psychological well-being. Prevalence of overweight adolescents was higher in NAA than AA, while VO2max of AA was higher than NAA. Conclusion: MVPA is favourably associated with overall well-being of adolescents. Sports participation has a positive impact on both physical and mental health and should be encouraged since childhood years.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Development of a Sports Performance Metric for the State Universities and
Colleges in the Philippines
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Marivic D. Paghubasan Aiming to keep up with the global trends in sports performance brought some challenges among State University and Colleges (SUCs) in Bicol Region. The study is qualitative and quantitative research to develop sports performance metrics for the state universities and colleges in the Philippines. Practices of SUCs in sports development served as a basis to create metrics in measuring SUCs' sports performance in the Bicol Region. The developed metrics were content and face validated by five SUC sports directors, and five professors in sports science. Suggestions from these experts were sought to improve the content and construct of the developed metrics. Fifty respondents pilot-tested the developed metrics of the study and selected sports stakeholders participated in the focus group discussion to discuss their comments and suggestions for the metrics. The development of the metrics was conducted in four phases: selecting possible indicators of the standards; content and construct validation of indicators; try out of the evaluation tool and test of reliability. Results showed that all of the items in the subscales included in the developed standard metrics can be considered good to excellent and can be used to assess the state universities and college's sports performances. The development of the metrics on sports performance may contribute to the total quality management of the educational institution and may provide in promoting healthy and alert citizenry.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Validity and Reliability of Reactive Agility Measurements of Tennis
Performance
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Wisnu Nugroho Tomoliyus Abdul Alim Fauzi and Hari Yuliarto Reactive agility measurement tool recently has become one of the important issues in the physical training for tennis performance. Therefore, finding a valid and reliable reactive agility measuring instrument for tennis performance is needed. This study aimed to do a validity and reliability test of the reactive agility measuring instrument for tennis performance. This study used a mixed-methods approach. The seven experts participants were determined by the criteria of an evaluation expert and a tennis expert, or both. This study had three stages. The first was document analysis (international journal). It is used to develop a construction design for the reactive tennis agility measuring instrument. The second stage was content validation. The participants were seven experts. Then, the data collection technique used the Delphi technique. The research instrument uses a scale of one to four, namely very relevant, relevant, less relevant, and irrelevant. The data analysis used the Aiken formula for content validity and Reliability Analysis between raters using ICC. The first stage of research results has found the operational definition of reactive agility tennis: the ability to move in seconds after receiving a stimulus. In addition, the "Y" shape construction design of the reactive tennis agility measuring instrument has been arranged. The second stage resulted in the contents validation of a large tennis reactive agility measuring instrument. The third stage found the reliability between raters of a large tennis reactive agility measuring instrument.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Efficacy of Dual Task Training versus Conventional Therapy on Hand
Function and Visual Perception Ability in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Nekar Daekook M Jae Ho Yu Hye Yun Kang Dong Yeop Lee Ji Heon Hong and Seong Gil Kim This pilot study aimed to assess the effect of dual-task training, compared to conventional therapy on the hand functional ability and visual perception in children with cerebral palsy. It was a pretest-posttest control group design, conducted for 4 weeks with ten children ranged between 5-13 years old. Participants were randomly allocated either to the experimental group (dual-task training) or the control group (conventional treatment). The experimental group received the usual physical therapy session and dual-task training sessions 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks. The control group received only the conventional physical therapy 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks. Fine and gross motor hand function were assessed by the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test and the Motor-free Visual Perception Test 3rd edition was used to assess visual perceptual ability before intervention and at 4 weeks after intervention. Only the experimental group showed an improvement in hand function (p0.05). Statistically significant changes were noticed in three of the five subscales of the visual perception in the experimental group (p
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Effectiveness of Learning Passing Volleyball for Student on
Website-Based
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Sumbara Hambali Achmad Sofyan Hanif Widiastuti Firmansyah Dlis Samsudin and Akhmad Sobarna Volleyball is a sport that is quite popular in Indonesia, and this is why this sport is always given at various levels of schools in Indonesia. However, it is still not possible for learning to be carried out directly because the spread of the corona virus in Indonesia is still increasing, requiring learning to be carried out online. The website is one of the media that can be used in volleyball game courses. The question is whether this website is effectively used in volleyball lectures. The purpose of this study was to find out the extent to which the effectiveness of volleyball passing learning using the website was. This study used experimental method, where this experimental method is a research by giving some special treatment to the research subjects used. The one case study has been used in the research. The subjects used in this study were students of physical education, health and recreation STKIP Pasundan with a total of about 120 people. Subjects were given treatment for 8 meetings in accordance with the semester learning plan for the passing technique. The instrument in this study was a test of passing down and up to the wall for 60 seconds. The data analysis technique uses a percentage. The findings showed a rise in students passing learning goals. The results of STKIP Pasundan students' physical education, health, and recreation have improved significantly of the website's material.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Association between Outcomes of Physical activities and Sports on
Work-Life Balance of Employees
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Bhanupriya Khatri Shaina Arora and Anjali Goyal The desire to succeed in a rapidly changing work environment is overwhelming. This study aims to emphasize the importance of work-life balance and to examine the relationship between work-life balance and happiness. Focusing on physical activities and workplace health among the various ways for employee health is one way to ensure employee health and productivity. Managing long working hours in personal life increases employee stress. It consists of various fields related to the IT industry, computer, and digital information. IT professionals are the most in-demand members of today's labor market, as the industry's largest companies fight to expand the adoption of digital technologies. Employers are continually striving to ensure that their employees do their jobs in the best possible way without getting tired. Employee Work-Life Balance is measured by the employee's mental and physical investment in the workplace. You are dedicated to your work in terms of time, energy, and level of motivation to work towards achieving organizational success. This paper purposes to measure happiness and employee work-life balance as a measure of physical activity. Smart-PLS 3.2.8 creates a conceptual reflex model using measures of physical activity and happiness and work-life balance as survey components.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- ACSI-28 Indonesian Version Validity and Reliability
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Dzihan Khilmi Ayu Firdausi Muhammad Eka Mardyansyah Simbolon Oktarina Muhammad Rizkan Khadavi Erick Prayogo Walton and Widati Amalin Ulfah The purpose of this study is to see if the ACSI-28 is valid and reliable after being translated and synthesized to fit Indonesian culture and linguistics, so that ACSI-28 can be utilized on athletes in Indonesia. ACSI-28 Indonesian version is adapted from the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory by Smith and colleagues (1995). A Likert scale of 1 to 4 was used to assign the score. The validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of ACSI-28 were tested using 45 participants in this study. Validity data were examined with Peorsen Product Moment, and reliability was assessed with Cronbach Alpha. The validity of each item based on its respective subscales was found to range from 0.46 to 0.83 in the current study. The coping with adversity subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.59 to 0.75. The coachability subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.46 to 0.73. The concentration subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.67 to 0.72. The confidence and achievement motivation subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.63 to 0.73. The goal setting and mental preparation subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.62 to 0.77. The peaking under pressure subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.71 to 0.83. The freedom from worry subscale item's validity value was found to range from 0.67 to 0.77. The Indonesian version of the ACSI-28 reliability test had a reliability rating of 0.845, according to the current study. The findings of this study show that the Indonesian version of ACSI-28 is valid and reliable for usage in measuring an athlete's sports psychological skills in Indonesia.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Evaluation on the Physical Condition of Football Extracurricular
Participants before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Andry Akhiruyanto Taufiq Hidayah Zainudin Amali Dewangga Yudhistira and Aruna Brama Siwi Background: One of the most popular extracurricular activities at school is football. However, extracurricular activities have been temporarily suspended due to the COVID-19 outbreak, which on the other hand will affect students' physical abilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical condition of students which included speed, endurance, agility, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 15 male students aged 14-15 years with a weight of 51-71± kg and a height of 157-173± cm. Material and method: This study used a quantitative descriptive method with a survey approach. The instruments used include a multistage fitness test, a 30-meter sprint, and a shuttle run. Data were analyzed based on percentage data analysis and the Wilcoxon test. Result: The Wilcoxon test results on the speed test showed sig (2 tailed) 0.826> 0.05, endurance test 0.001 < 0.05, and agility test 0.033> 0.05. If categorized, the overall percentage results on the physical condition of students have not been included in the "good" category. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that physical condition tests before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, both fall into the "poor" and "very poor" categories. Furthermore, tests carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a higher percentage decline compared to tests before the COVID-19 pandemic. The research results obtained can thus be used as material for evaluation and improvement for teachers, coaches, and extracurricular football students, especially training related to improving physical condition so that better results can be obtained in the future.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Musculoskeletal Asymmetry in Young Soccer Players: Differences between the
Dominant and Nondominant Leg
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Shuji Taketomi Kohei Kawaguchi Yuri Mizutani Ryota Yamagami Shin Sameshima Seira Takei Tomofumi Kage Kenichi Kono Hiroshi Inui Sayaka Fujiwara Sakae Tanaka and Toru Ogata The purpose of this investigation was to clarify the differences in the musculoskeletal profiles between the dominant leg (DL) and nondominant leg (NDL) of Japanese soccer players. This study included 227 young elite soccer players (121 males and 106 females with mean ages of 19.0 and 17.5 years, respectively). Anthropometric measurements were obtained. In addition, joint range of motion measurements was performed for internal rotation of the hip, ankle dorsiflexion, and knee extension. Muscle flexibility tests were performed on the iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris, hamstring, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Moreover, isometric knee extension, flexion strength, and isometric hip abduction strength were measured. Single-leg balance tests were also performed. As a result, in male soccer players, DL's knee flexor strength and hip abductor strength were significantly stronger than in the NDL. In female soccer players, knee extension and knee flexion strength of the DL were significantly stronger than the NDL. In male soccer players, the hamstring-quadriceps ratio of the DL was significantly greater than NDL. DL demonstrated a significantly lesser center of pressure excursion in the single-leg balance test in male and female soccer players. In both male and female soccer players, the quadriceps muscle of DL was significantly more flexible than those of the NDL. There was no difference in the internal rotation angle of the hip joint between the DL and NDL in male soccer players. In contrast, the internal rotation angle of the DL was significantly (1.6°) greater than NDL in female soccer players. For some anthropometric measurements, muscle flexibility tests and joint range of motion measurements, the difference between the DL and NDL was significant but not large enough to be clinically relevant. In conclusion, the present study showed musculoskeletal asymmetry between the DL and NDL in young male and female soccer players.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Physical Activity and Game Play Ability in a High School Sport Education
Basketball Season
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Peter Iserbyt Toon Dehandschutter Hilde Leysen and Joren Loockx To date, there is limited research investigating physical activity levels during a sport education season in high school physical education settings and how these are affected by ability levels. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) how students' game play in basketball would improve during a sport education season as a function of ability level, and (2) how students' MVPA levels differ as a function of game play ability. One class with 21 high school students (aged 16-18) participated in a 14-day sport education basketball season. Prior to and upon completion of the season, students' 3v3 basketball game play performance was assessed. Three mixed ability teams were composed with an equal gender distribution. The System of Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) was used to collect students' MVPA during the season. Repeated measures ANOVA detected a significant improvement in game play ability from 52% (range: 28%-68%) to 84% (range: 60%-100%) for high– as well as low-ability students, p < .001. High-ability students engaged in MVPA for 65% during team practice and 49% during game play. Low-ability students had consistently lower MVPA values than high-ability students (41% vs 55%), p
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Effects of Aging on Cardiac Autonomic Response during Resistance Exercise
at Critical Load
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Viviane Castello-Simões Audrey Borghi-Silva Mariana Pires Carvalho Clara Italiano Monteiro Paula Angélica Ricci Flávia Cristina Rossi Caruso Rodrigo Polaquini Simões and Renata Gonçalves Mendes Background: Critical load (CL) indicates the transition from moderate dynamic exercise to intense exercise and can be useful as a parameter of exercise intolerance during resistance exercise. In this sense, this study aimed to assess and contrast the cardiac autonomic response by heart rate variability during resistance exercise at CL in elderly and young individuals. Methods: Twenty apparently healthy active men, were allocated into young group (n=10) and elderly group (n=10), who underwent: 1) one repetition maximum (1RM) test on the Leg Press at 45º; 2) constant load exercise tests (70%, 80% and 90% of 1RM and intermediate load) in order to calculate the CL; and 3) CL assessment with record of heart rate (HR) and R-R intervals (R-Ri) to heart rate variability assessment. Results: During CL, the elderly presented lower value of mean HR in relation to young group (p
PubDate: Apr 2022
- A Flipped Learning Model in a College Physical Education Dance Course: A
Non-experimental Design
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Heildenberg C. Dimarucot Teaching Physical Education has been plagued with issues on limited class time, gap between concept and practice, and use of traditional assessment methods. Thus, this study implemented flipped learning (FL), specifically the SPRING framework in a college dance course, to address these problems through the promotion of more student agency, in-depth learning, and enhancement of 21st century skills. Since there is a dearth of FL studies that focus on a PE context in the country, this study then sheds light on whether flipped learning model can help improve the conceptual understanding and procedural fluency of the students in a dance course. Using statistical treatment, this study examined (1) the conceptual understanding and procedural fluency of the students through the results of the practical tests done before the major exams and the actual major exams, (2) the proportion of the students with improved performance scores, (3) the significant difference of the mean performance scores before and after the intervention, as well as (4) the difference between the male and female students' scores in both assessments. The results revealed that though the pilot implementation of FL in the PE course in the university yielded generally positive outcomes, some obstacles need to be addressed like technological and logistical limitations due to the sudden shift to remote learning during the pandemic, lack of readiness of the students to regulate their own learning and exhibit other relevant 21st century skills under pressure and uncertain times, and gap between the male and female students performance due to possible latent gender issues in dance education that restrict students' creativity. Thus, the institution needs to provide even more technological, communication, and psychological support for the students to perform better and with more ease whether in a purely online or blended FL environment. More discussions and activities on gender inclusivity in dance classes are also advised to further break barriers against students' artistic freedom and imagination.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Development of Early Childhood Skills by Guiding Tests in Sports Rhythmic
Gymnastics
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Endang Murti Sulistiyowati Wawan Sundawan Suherman Endang Rini Sukamti Ilham Fajar Sriwahyuniati Ratna Budiarti and Nuridin Widya Pranoto When compared to the previous youths, especially before the pandemic, younger generations have become sedentary globally. However, the truth is physical activity positively contributes to human growth and development by causing both physiological and psychological benefits. In the wake of revitalizing such benefits, this current study aimed to develop a guidebook containing physical activity tests that should be implemented in primary schools for early childhood through rhythmic gymnastic sport. This study was the Research and Development alias R & D with 106 and 37 subjects on a large and small scale respectively. Whilst collecting data, instruments such as questionnaires for expert's judgment, anthropometric and bio-motor tests were employed, and norm tests and skills tests as well. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative approaches based on mean, standard deviation, percentages. After addressing all data, especially going through all R&D steps, it was revealed that the material expert assessment test results obtained a value of over 80%, likewise for the media assessment test. The results of both small- and large-scale testing showed that most experts indeed stated that the development of the current guidebook was in the category of very good to enhance skills accrual in early childhood growth. Therefore, we conclude that the guidebook, VCD, and tests developed are practical, practicable, and suitable for early childhood.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Evaluating Community-Based Physical Fitness Programs: A Decision-Focused
Approach
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Jennifer Taylan-De Jesus Compelling evidence supports that Community-based Physical Fitness Programs (CPFP) can improve physical fitness and health. However, a central issue in CPFP is the lack of evaluation data from participating communities. The study aimed to evaluate the CPFP of three local communities using Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) model. Using a validated tool with a 4.81 mean (SD=0.38) and substantially agreed by three (3) experts (k=0.76), evaluation data were obtained from community members (n=117). This research primarily employed descriptive and correlation analyses to determine the relationships among CIPP elements and demographic profiles of one highly rated CPFP. 117 community members (28% male; 72% female) were evaluated the CPFP of 3 local communities. The context evaluation results showed that only SJC CPFP had a relatively high result with a mean of 4.29 (85.8%). For input evaluation, SJC still had the highest mean of 4.23 (84.6%), as compared to SCM 3.93 (78.6%) and PC 3.67 (73.4%). SJC remained at the top in the process evaluation, with the highest mean of 4.30 (86%). While on product evaluation, all communities had close mean scores of 4.4 (88%) SJC, 3.9 (78%) SCM, and 4.1 (82%) PC. Correlations among data revealed that SJC context and input evaluation results had a significant relationship with sex and age. There was meager participation of males compared to females and even young members compared to older members. While CPFP among communities received good evaluation results, there is still a need to reinforce the program due to lack of pre-implementation assessment and integration of vision-mission, goals, and objectives (context). There should also be a re-structuring of precise action plans (input), a variety of activities (process), and consistent program outcomes evaluation (product). Lastly, the correlated evaluation data suggested the need for a more personalized, gender-sensitive, and age-friendly CPFP. This study provides CPFP administrators with comprehensive data that can assist them in making sound decisions for program improvement.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Effect of the Music Tempo on the Recovery of Cardiopulmonary Function
after Aerobic Exercise Based on Personal Health Record
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Su Hyeon Shin Yu Na Ji Jae Ho Yu Hye Yun Kang Dong Yeop Lee Ji Heon Hong Seong Gil Kim and Jin Seop Kim The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of music tempo (No Music, 70 BPM, 120 BPM, 180 BPM) on recovery of cardiopulmonary function after an aerobic exercise, identify the effective tempo (BPM) with the highest recovery rate, and propose an effective method for recovery after exercise. A total of ten (10) healthy recreational men participated in this crossover repeated study. Heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SPO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respiratory rate (RR), VO2, and VCO2 were measured at four (4) different time periods (immediately after exercise, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, and 6 minutes) for each of the four (4) types of music tempo on separate days. As a result, all the outcome variables showed significant differences for all types of music tempo over the time measured (p.05). The comparison between the four music tempos showed no significant difference of HR and SBP at 6 minutes after exercise, RR at 2 minutes, and 6 minutes after exercise (p.05). No Music showed the fastest recovery rate of HR, SBP, DBP, and RR and 70BPM showed the fastest recovery rate of VO2 and VCO2. Therefore, for efficient cardiopulmonary function recovery after an aerobic exercise, listening to slow music at 70 bpm or taking a break without music can be suggested as an effective method for recovery.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Effect of Selected Kinematic Variables on the Accuracy of Topspin
Forehand among Table Tennis Players
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Ibtehal M. Alkhawaldeh This study aimed to identify the effect of selected kinematic variables on the accuracy of the topspin forehand among table tennis players. The study sample consisted of (8) male players who play in the Jordanian First Division Table Tennis League; (age= 23.74 ± 1.72 years, mass=71.22 ± 11.21 kg, height=1.74 ± 0.10 m). The study used A (Canon EOS 80D) camera, which has a speed of (500) images per second, and Kinovea (0.8.15) program was used to analyze the movements. The shooting accuracy test was also used to reach the accuracy of Forehand Topspin shooting. The results of the statistical analysis confirmed the acceptance of the main hypothesis of the study, which states that there is a statistically significant impact of the selected kinematic variables on the accuracy of the topspin forehand at (α≤0.05). The results also showed the acceptance of three sub-hypotheses, which state that there is a statistically significant impact at (α≤0.05) of shoulder's angular velocity, wrist angle and racket's horizontal velocity on the accuracy of the topspin forehand. In light of the results, the study recommended the necessity of urging table tennis coaches in the Jordanian league to develop an appropriate mechanical kinematic model for each player when performing the skill of the forehand topspin.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Implementation of CIPP Model Evaluation at East Java Women Volleyball
Team during the Preparation for Indonesia Olympic Games (PON) XX
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Taufiq Hidayat Hari Setijono Nining Widyah Kusnanik Nurhasan Muchamad Arif Al Ardha and Chung Bing Yang This research aimed to evaluate the training camp process of the East Java women's volleyball team in the Indonesia Olympic Games (PON) XX during Covid-19 Pandemic. This research was an evaluation study of the CIPP model with a mixed-method design. Two coaches and 15 women volleyball athletes were selected as research samples by purposive sampling method. The data were collected by questionnaire, observation, document analysis, and semi-structured interview techniques. Triangulation data and thematic coding methods were implemented to analyze the data. The results showed that the government supported the training process very well in the context dimension. The input dimensions were human resources, the availability of training programs, training facilities, and infrastructure was also in the excellent category. There was an excellent result on process dimensions. In the product dimension, most athletes have met the target of the training program. In conclusion, most of the dimensions are in a good category. In addition, the implementation of volleyball training in the covid-19 pandemic developed a good response and connection among athletes and coaches. Meanwhile, the negative values which occurred due to the limitation during the implementation of volleyball training in the covid-19 pandemic were boredom, unmotivated, and other psychological problems. Furthermore, limited training variations could be implemented, and game simulations were eliminated during the covid-19 pandemic.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Effect of Training Methods and Explosion of Limb Muscles on Pencak
Silat Kicking Skills
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Ridwan Sudirman Moch. Asmawi Achmad Sofyan Hanif Ucok Hasian Refiater Taufik Hidayat Suharto Dedi Aryadi and Ayi Rahmat The purpose of this study was to determine the best training method between plyometrics, circuit training methods, and continuous training methods, which had more effect on improving the results of Pencak Silat kick skills training. The method used in this study is an experimental method (comparative quantitative) with a 3 x 2 factorial design. The number of samples in this study was 56 students of the Health Sports Education Study Program of STKIP Setia Budhi Rangkasbitung in the Pencak Silat course, with a generalization level of students and athletes who have the same population characteristics and attributes. The summary of the results of the calculation analysis (ANOVA) on the variation of the average row, the significance level = 0.05 obtained Fo = 15.49 and Ft(1.54) = 4.02, thus Fo> Ft so that Ho is rejected. In the column mean variation, the significant level value = 0.05 obtained Fo = 8.97 and Ft(2.54) = 3.17, thus Fo> Ft so that Ho is rejected. In the interaction variation, the significant level value = 0.05 obtained Fo = 57.39 and Ft(2.54) = 3.17, thus Fo> Ft so that Ho is rejected. It was concluded that (1) overall there was a significant difference in the effect of training methods and high and low leg muscle explosive power on pencak silat kick skills. (2) there are differences in the average results for the three training methods. (3) there is an interaction between the explosive power of the leg muscles and the training method on the results of pencak silat kick skills.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- How Physical Education through TikTok Makes a Difference: The Use of
TikTok to Promote Learning Activities
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Eka Fitri Novita Sari Nofi Marlina Siregar Sukiri Rekha Ratri Julianti and Ayatullah Muhammad Resza The rapid development of advanced learning technology requires teachers to make various innovations in the learning activities. The use of social media-based technology is one of the alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the Physical Education teacher's perspectives on using TikTok social media in the learning activities. The study was conducted through a survey method of 125 physical education teachers in Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabotabek), Indonesia. The study findings showed that 45.6% of physical education teachers used TikTok social media accounts; 44.5% stated that the TikTok application could be used in teaching and learning activities; 45.8% emphasized that the TikTok application attracts students' attention; 53.6% affirmed that the TikTok application is more user-friendly compared to other social media applications; 49.2% answered that teaching material was provided using the TikTok application; only 37.8% showed that the lack of existing features was the reason respondents did not use the TikTok application, and 50.2% had used the TikTok application for rhythmic gymnastics activities. According to the study results, it can be concluded that physical education teachers have used TikTok social media in learning activities but they are still limited to rhythmic gymnastics activities. It is recommended that physical education teachers develop other teaching materials for different sports units, not only limited to rhythmic gymnastics activities, so that students can explore their learning activities more diversely.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Measurement of Anthropometry, Biomotor and Fundamental Skills for
Identification of Future Athletes' Talents at the Age of 11-15 Years
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Herman Chaniago This study aims to identify the talents of prospective athletes aged 11-15 years through anthropometric, fundamental skills, and biomotor. Researchers conducted an assessment of these three factors to decide whether the candidate was a gifted athlete. The method used is survey and percentage analysis. The participants who took part in this study were 408 (242 males and 166 females) aged 11-15 years. The results of the assessment from the city of Salatiga showed that there were no very talented participants, 2% of participants were declared talented, 12% quite talented, 44% less talented, and 42% not talented. The percentage analysis showed that there were no very talented participants; less than 1% were talented; 3% were moderately talented; 22% were less talented, and 75% were not talented. There is a difference in catch indicators for male and female participants with a percentage of 30.11%. Talent identification that can be decided in this study, based on the results of anthropometry, fundamental skills, and biomotor measurements is in the javelin throw, sprint 100 meters, 200 meters and long jump. The results of this study conclude that the assessment of anthropometry, fundamental skills, and bimotor can be used to identify the talent of athletes at a young age. It could be concluded that biomotor and anthropometry aspects are more dominantly used to identify athletes but need to be added to other skills performance assessments to support this decision. Future research should focus on identifying the determinants of talent and developing assessment instruments.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Plyometric Standing Jumps and Box Drills to Improve Momtong Dollyo Chagi
Kick in Junior Taekwondo Athletes
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Evi Susianti Johansyah Lubis Junaidi Hamid Santoso Astri Ayu Irawan and Yafi Velyan Mahyudi This study aims to determine the effect of plyometric and flexibility training methods to improve the momtong dollyo chagi kick technique in taekwondo athletes. The effect of training programs that combine physical conditions specifically has no results stating that they are interrelated to improve taekwondo kick techniques. The research method used is experimental treatment by level 2 x 2. The results of this study: firstly, there are differences in the leg power of momtong dollyo chagi kicks for taekwondo athletes in the plyometric standing jump and box drill training methods with the results Fo (A) = 12,111> F-table 4,11. Interaction Fo (AB) = 14,044> F-table = 4,11 with the percentage effect of plyometric and flexibility exercises of 33.83%. Plyometric standing jump exercise is better for increasing leg power of momtong dollyo chagi kick than box drill exercise for athletes who have high flexibility with t0 16,496>ttable(0,05:10) 1,688. Box drill exercises are better for increasing the leg power of momtong dollyo chagi kicks than standing jump plyometric exercises for athletes who have low flexibility with a value of t0 2,455> ttable(0,05:10) 1,688. Thus, it can be concluded that both standing jump plyometric exercises and box drill combined with flexibility can have the effect of increasing leg power, so that the trainer can choose a power and strength training program through plyometric training to prepare for the competition.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- University Students' Daily Activities and Physical Fitness during COVID-19
Pandemic
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Nur Syahadati Retno Panenggak Nurhasan Muchamad Arif Al Ardha Panji Bana Kolektus Oky Ristanto Ainun Zulfikar Rizki Rizki Satrio Utomo Chung Bing Yang and Wei Jhe Lin This study aims to evaluate university students' daily activities and the effect of physical activity on physical fitness, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used comparative and correlational research methods. Thirty research samples consisted of 13 junior year university students and 17 senior year university students were selected by the purposive sampling method. Every student was monitored for their daily activities for one week and categorized into sports, college, organization, and other activities. Physical fitness was measured using the MFT test to measure the VO2Max in ml/kg/min units. The data analysis results showed no significant difference between junior and senior semester students in VO2Max, physical exercise, organizational activities, lecture activities, sleeping, and other activities. There was a significant difference in VO2Max and physical exercises (sig < 0.05) between genders. Male students spent more time exercising (17.87 ± 11.1) than female students (10.80 ± 6.04). Furthermore, male students had a higher average VO2Max (42.38 ± 7.53) than female students (29.36 ± 6.07). Based on the regression analysis results, there is a significant value between physical exercises and sleeping toward VO2Max capacity (sig. < 0.05).
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Study on the Efficiency of Data Collection, Organization and Feedback
Methods for Triathlon Races
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Yuto Inai Satoshi Oikawa and Takao Akama Considering the problems of data handling methods in the sports field, the use of smartphones, free tools, going online with the COVID-19 disaster, reducing the workload of data managers, creating graphs automatically, and building a system that can provide immediate feedback are considered to be useful. This study aims to improve data handling at sporting events by examining methods of enhancing data provision efficiency, such as collecting the athletes' physical condition and weather data, for the athletes, coach, and trainer. The data were collected using Google Forms and Google Sheets, and the study considered the problems associated with the data handling process. A questionnaire-based survey regarding data handling was conducted among seven athletes, one coach, and one trainer from a local triathlon team. The questions included collecting information on whether the (1) participants had viewed the Google Sheets, (2) data were useful for the race, (3) Google Sheets were easy to view, and (4) participants had any requests. In addition, eight university students were targeted as simulations for data organization. The results indicated that the use of Google Forms and Google Sheets was more efficient than the traditional paper-based method. In conclusion, this method is useful in collecting, organizing, and providing data at sporting events. The results of this study may lead to improvements in the way data are used in sports. In the future, it may be necessary to fine-tune the system to meet the needs of individual users.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- Correlation between Deep Cervical Muscle Endurance, Cervical
Proprioception, and Chronic Neck Pain: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Study
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Shwe Yee Wint and Ashira Hiruntrakul The main aim of the study was to investigate the relationship among deep cervical muscle endurance, cervical proprioception, and chronic neck pain (CNP). Subjects with CNP (n=47) aged 20 to 45 years were recruited to the study. Cervical joint position sense error (JPSE), deep cervical flexor and extensor endurance, pain intensity and neck pain associated disability were investigated by using common clinical tests. The correlations between measured variables were assessed by Spearman correlation coefficients. Only extension cervical JPSE component showed significant fair correlation with pain (σ = 0.30, p = 0.040) and disability (σ = 0.39, p = 0.006). Both the cervical flexor and extensor muscle endurance were found to have no relationship with both pain and disability. There was no association between deep cervical muscle endurance and the cervical JPSE. But a significant fair correlation was noted between the cervical flexor and extensor muscle endurance capacity (σ = 0.38, p = 0.008). Deep cervical muscle endurance and cervical proprioception were weakly associated with CNP. Chronic neck pain might not influence neck muscle endurance and cervical proprioception. Muscle endurance capacity and proprioceptive functioning also seem to be irrelevant to each other in people with CNP.
PubDate: Apr 2022
- The Effect of Physical Activity Programs and School Environments on
Movement Activities and Mental Health
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2022
Source:International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Volume 10 Number 2 Ahmad Chaeroni Anton Komaini Nuridin Widya Pranoto and Despita Antoni The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the physical activity program in the two groups of Physical Education and Physical Education + Out of School Hours Activity (OSHA) on movement activities and students' mental health based on the school environment where they studied. A total of 113 (57 students in a large school environment and 56 students in a narrow school environment) aged 16-19 years were involved in this study. Collecting data is to determine movement activities using the Barrow Motor Ability Test (BMT) and filling out a mental health questionnaire. The physical activity program was carried out for 12 weeks with a number of meetings once per week from each treatment group and for an additional Out of School Hours Activity program three times a week. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test technique at a significance level of = 0.05. The results show that: 1) There is a difference in the effect of physical activity programs on Physical Education and Physical Education + OSHA on movement activities and mental health of students in a large school environment; 2) There are differences in the effect of physical activity programs on Physical Education and Physical Education + OSHA on movement activities and mental health of students in a narrow school environment. Thus, the physical activity program has an influence on movement activities and mental health even though in a large school environment, which is better than in a narrow school environment.
PubDate: Apr 2022
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