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- Nutrition-Related considerations for health and performance in female
Volleyball
Authors: Álvaro Miguel-Ortega, Julio Calleja-González, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
Pages: 462 - 477
Abstract: Although Volleyball is one of the most widely played sports in the World, there is little scientific information on how the ergo nutritional practice of female players should be designed. Therefore, the main aim of this narrative review is to resolute concise nutritional recommendations for volleyball women who players. Research databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, Medline or Academic Search Complete summarize and synthesize the recent evidence on the role of nutrition and its relationship with health and performance in this sporting discipline. Based on a literature review, we highlight that the individual adjustment of the energy value of the diet is one of the key factors for the physical performance of female volleyball players. An adequate intake of macronutrients allows for the achievement of correct energy values. To improve training adaptation, between 1.6 and 2.2 g·(kg·day)-1 of protein should be consumed. For optimal pre-competition muscle glycogen storage, 6-10 g·(kg·day)-1 of carbohydrates should be consumed, and 7- 10 g·(kg·day)-1 of carbohydrates should be consumed for adequate recovery. Micronutrients should be consumed in amounts corresponding to the recommended dietary allowances. Women volleyball players should take particular attention to the most adequate intake of these micronutrients, as well as vitamins such as iron, calcium, and vitamin D. Proper fluid intake, according to the player's needs, is crucial to maximize exercise performance. The diet of a female athlete is often characterized by low energy values, which increases the risk of various health consequences related to low energy availability. This diet of volleyball players must therefore be controlled carefully.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.16
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2023)
- Forgone injury treatment among young adult skateboarders
Authors: Russell D. Ravert, Kyle J. Oberfranc, Erin A. Dannecker
Pages: 478 - 483
Abstract: Adolescents and young adults have high levels of forgone healthcare relative to other age groups, placing those who participate in action sports at particularly high risk for untreated injuries. Because skateboard injury data typically involves treated injuries, research to understand unmet health needs in non-clinical samples is needed. This exploratory study used qualitative content analysis of survey and structured interviews with young adult skateboarders (n = 26, mean age = 22.9 years) recruited at skate parks in a small U.S. city to examine the degree, type, and reported reasons for untreated skateboard injuries in that population. Participants completed a paper survey followed by a structured interview regarding their untreated skateboard injuries and reasons for avoiding medical treatment. A majority of respondents (80.8%) described at least one skateboarding injury that they did not have medically treated but now believe they should have done so. Injury types were deep soft tissue injuries (50.0% of respondents), bone fractures (15.4%), concussions (11.5%), and superficial soft tissue injuries (3.8%). Of respondents who avoided treatment, 76.2% considered treatment unnecessary at the time, 38.1% cited avoiding treatment due to cost, and 23.8% cited lack of knowledge. Findings suggest a need to address forgone injury care among young adult skateboarders through increased support and knowledge regarding when and how to seek affordable medical treatment.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.17
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2023)
- Prediction of bench press performance in powerlifting
Authors: Alba Pasini, Lorenzo Caruso, Enrico Bortolotto, Nicola Lamberti, Stefania Toselli, Fabio Manfredini, Luciana Zaccagni, Natascia Rinaldo
Pages: 484 - 500
Abstract: The bench press (BP) is a complex, multiarticular exercise known as one of the three powerlifting specialties. Although several variables contribute to the maximum load lifted, upper limb variables may also play an important role in BP performance. In this study, a cohort of 47 male Italian classic powerlifters underwent a direct anthropometric evaluation during two official competitions. The recorded parameters included body mass index, body composition, and variables of the upper limb (indirectly evaluated cross-sectional areas and lengths). IPF-GL points and maximal strength (1RM) adjusted for weight were used as proxies for performance. Statistical comparisons between weaker and stronger powerlifters, Pearson correlation and partial correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression models were performed. The upper arm cross muscular area (r = 0.56) and fat-free mass (r = 0.31) were positively correlated with Wilks points, whereas the arm fat index was negatively correlated with 1RM BP (r = -0.37). Moreover, we proposed two new indices (UALR and UAMR) that represent the ratio between upper arm areas and length. Both univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed the strong association between these two variables and BP performance. Further improvement of this study may confirm the important role of body proportion and body composition as predictors of performance in strength sports.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.18
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2023)
- Machine learning in sports medicine
Authors: Andrea Schulz Galvão, Marcelle Karyelle Montalvão Gomes, Nairana Cristina Santos Freitas, Leonardo Santos Macedo, Daniel Mancini Oliveira, Márcio Vinicius Abreu Verli, Roberto Lohn Nahon, Luis Carlos Oliveira Gonçalves, Aníbal Monteiro Magalhães-Neto
Pages: 501 - 508
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the possible correlations between the cytokine and adipokine Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha with parameters of body composition and lipid metabolism in young, high-level athletes after an incremental treadmill test observed in a sample of five individuals, male, high-level running athletes who the difficulty of treating large databases with different individuals, multiple biomarkers, and collection times, in addition to physical parameters and sample characteristics, added to the decrease in new findings induced by the application of statistical tools of univariate analysis, indicate the need to apply exploratory machine learning strategies, generating holistic and integrated analysis of the results. The present study showed a negative correlation between TNF and HDL and a similarity between the same TNF and LDL. These findings do not indicate a cause-and-effect relationship but suggest a possible modulation of the immune system, lipid metabolism, and exercise that requires further investigation.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.19
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2023)
- Can the Doman method improve motor competence in children of 4 years of
age'
Authors: Víctor Arufe-Giráldez
Pages: 509 - 525
Abstract: Early childhood is a key stage for promoting Physical Education as a means for improving motor competence in children. With this in mind, is there a particular psychomotor stimulation method that can improve said competence' The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the effects on motor competence of two Physical Education and psychomotor stimulation programmes in 4-year-old children. The psychomotor profile of a sample of 49 preschool children (53.1% boys and 46.9% girls; Mage = 4.66, SD = 0.27) was examined using a quasi-experimental model and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). The percentiles achieved in the tests that make up the battery were measured, which were grouped into three domains: manual dexterity, aiming and catching and balance, as well as the overall psychomotor profile. The control group (n = 25, 52% boys and 48% girls) followed an annual Physical Education programme consisting of a single 50-minute weekly session. The experimental group (n = 24, 54.2% boys and 45.8% girls) followed an early psychomotor stimulation programme based on the Doman method, with 5 weekly sessions lasting 25 minutes each. The results show no significant differences in the psychomotor profile between the control and experimental groups, both in the total percentile and in the percentile of manual dexterity, aiming and catching or balance. Significant differences were found in both groups between the pre-test and the post-test, with greater differences displayed in the control group. The findings suggest that a single session of Physical Education has a greater impact on the psychomotor profile than 5 weekly 25-minute sessions following the Doman method of early stimulation. Furthermore, these findings also point to the need to provide personalised Physical Education that enhances the psychomotor profile of each child.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.20
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2023)
- The sports commitment in football players and its relationship with the
coach professional performance
Authors: Raul Notario-Alonso, Alejandro Prieto-Ayuso, Andrés García-Notario, Onofre Ricardo Contreras-Jordán
Pages: 270 - 282
Abstract: The objective of the article was to relate the sports commitment of the football players together with the performance of the coach to test the relationship that both have with the sporting success of the football players. The PRISMA methodology was used. The Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search Ultimate, Eric, Medline and Sport Discuss databases were used, with no time limit. The PICO strategy was used to screen articles. Finally, a total of 8 articles were included in the review. The importance between the commitment and the interpersonal style of the coach was demonstrated, which includes aspects in relation to his way of working globally, which we call performance. An increase in the level of commitment was also observed as the performance of the coach improved, especially the motivational climate that this produces in the players. For this reason, it is necessary to take care of these aspects in coaches when they work with potential sports talent.
PubDate: 2022-02-22
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.01
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Physical activity and physical fitness in children and their relationship
on body fat
Authors: Fátima Chacón-Borrego
Pages: 283 - 295
Abstract: Low levels of physical activity and physical fitness are risk factors of obesity and cardiovascular disease from childhood to adulthood. According to several studies, inactivity increases with the age of the school students. In Spain, according to results of the 2018 Report, only 34% of boys and 27% of girls aged 3 to 14 are active. This study aimed to compare differences between genders in body composition and PA; to analyse the relationship between the variables studied. Methods: This study used a non-experimental research design. PAQ-C questionnaire and ALPHA-Fitness tests were used. Descriptive analysis, correlation and linear regression gave the following results: boys had better scores in PA, and worse in BF percentage. PA in boys is related to aerobic capacity (r = 0.426, p < .01), BMI and BF (r = -0.368, and -0.323, p < .01 respectively). BF variability in boys (R2 = 0.35) is determined by aerobic capacity (t = -4.161; p < .01) and lower-body explosive strength (t = -3.832; p < .01). Findings show an association between PA and the elements of PF studied, and an explanatory model of body fat based on aerobic capacity and lower-body explosive strength in boys.
PubDate: 2022-02-22
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.02
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- A 360º sustainable approach of sport events legacies
Authors: Valentina Carbonell-García, Rosario Padial-Ruz, Esther Puga-González, David Cabello-Manrique
Pages: 296 - 316
Abstract: Researchers recognise the importance of the legacies and impacts generated by sport events, both in the host city and globally. In turn, there are many actors who participate in them, both directly and indirectly, and who are affected, both positively and negatively, by them. This research aims to identify and compile the existing scientific literature on the legacy, heritage, and related concepts, such as impact and/or leverage, of sport events. To this end, a systematic literature review was carried out, focusing the search on Web of Science, Scopus, Pub Med, and Sport Discus, where 35 articles were finally collected, in which the sum of 44 sport events were studied. It was identified that the most studied types of events were the Olympic Games and World Championships. In relation to the types of legacies, sport stands out, while in the types of impacts, sport and economic impacts stand out. It can be deduced from this research that, although there is a great deal of interest in the subject, there is still a need to go deeper into the concepts to reach a consensus on them, thus being able to achieve more solid results.
PubDate: 2022-05-30
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.03
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Chile's social outburst
Authors: Jorge Flández-Valderrama, Pedro Gargallo-Bayo, Marcelo González-Orb, Miguel Cornejo-Améstica, Víctor Jacques-Parraguez, José Aguilar-Navarrete, Daniel Duclos-Bastías, Juan Carlos Colado
Pages: 317 - 335
Abstract: The social upheaval in Chile, mainly attributed to inequalities, injustices and inequities, and protected by a political, social and economic systems, among others, was not alien to the Chilean Olympic Committee, its National Olympic Academy and the High Performance Athletes, who convened and developed in Santiago of Chile, the First Citizen Dialogue of the National Federated Sport to address these issues. The purpose of this study, unprecedented for the Chilean situation, was to analyse different points of view and identify the most important and salient arguments relevant to understanding the main demands and proposals made on behalf of Chileans stakeholders. As a methodological approach, the interpretive paradigm was utilized, along with a qualitative approach, based on hermeneutic phenomenology and associated to the main thematic components in Citizen Dialogues. The discussion group comprised athletes, coaches, and national leaders, forming a sample of n = 285 people that congregated in discussion groups. Grounded Theory was used in the analysis, which led to the determination of conclusions regarding the problems facing sport and then, improvements were proposed. In general, there is consensus among the opinions and arguments of the different actors, and very few disagreements. In conclusion, it is clear that sports activity in Chile is still in a precarious stage, with certain characteristics of amateurism in the various spheres, with the absence of adequate resources and an insufficient institutional and organizational framework which has not ensured adequate policies, security, and incentives to the different taking part actors. In-depth measures are clearly needed.
PubDate: 2022-06-06
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.04
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- The effect of a selected home-based exercise program by consuming coffee
on blood lipid profile of inactive middle-aged men in COVID-19 pandemic
condition
Authors: Nahid Talebi, Ali Reza Taheri, Asieh Goodarzi
Pages: 336 - 345
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8 week a selected home based exercise program by consuming coffee on blood lipid profile of inactive middle-aged men in pandemic COVID-19 condition. The present study is a semi-experimental methodology and 44 middle-aged men with fatty liver were randomly divided into four groups of 11 cases: home-based exercise, coffee, home-based exercise + coffee, control. Blood test was used to measure blood lipid profile. The combined home-based exercise intervention was performed for 8 weeks, three sessions and 60 minutes per session. Coffee intervention consumed 10 grams of coffee per every other day. The results showed that weight, body mass index, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly after eight weeks of training in all three experimental groups and HDL cholesterol increased significantly (p < .05). It seems that performed combined home- based exercise and in combination with coffee consumption can be effective in improving the blood lipid profile of inactive middle-aged men in quarantine and paired COVID-19 conditions and prevent liver damage.
PubDate: 2022-08-08
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.05
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- The impact of the five-cycle learning strategy using some mental maps in
learning the skill of reception and preparation in volleyball
Authors: Ahmed Khaled Awad, Zina Hassan Amr
Pages: 346 - 355
Abstract: The study aims to use a new strategy applied through the preparation of special educational units using the strategy of the five-year learning cycle, which is helpful in learning the skills of preparation and reception in volleyball. The article utilized the experimental method for its relevance to the research problem nature. The research sample was represented by students of the second stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - College of Knowledge University. Their number was (130) students divided into two groups, the first experimental group using the strategy of the five-year learning cycle, and the second control group using the adopted method. By the teacher of the subject, the skills of preparation and reception were chosen in the flying way, and the selection of appropriate tests for these two skills. The tools and means used, and then the tribal tests through which the equivalence was conducted. Then the main experiment was applied by applying the educational units to the experimental group. Then the researcher conducted the post-tests and the use of statistical means. The conclusions reached by the researcher were that there is a positive effect of using the cycle strategy The quinquennial learning in learning the skills of preparation and receiving the transmission with volleyball for students. There was an effect of the educational units that were developed for the stages of the strategy of the five-year learning cycle for the skills of preparation and reception with the ball the plane.
PubDate: 2022-08-08
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.06
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- The impact of procedures of controlling the formation of the degrees of
the proposed training load on the strength development in young basketball
players
Authors: Farooq Abduizahra Khalaf
Pages: 356 - 365
Abstract: The significance of this study is to enhance the game of basketball for the better and boost the muscle strength level suitable for the player to conduct the game needs according to the best control of appropriate loads, hoping to attain outcomes serving the game of basketball. The study objective is to prepare and control exercises in ways of forming the degrees of the proposed training load in developing the force characterized by speed and some offensive skills in youth basketball. To fulfil those aims, the experimental approach with two experimental groups is conducted to suit the solution of the research problem and achieve its objectives. The sample was selected purposively, represented by the young basketball players of South Oil Club, which were (12) Players. Based on the results, the exercises used according to the formation of the grades of the load (maximum - medium - less than the maximum) and the formation of degrees (less than the maximum - medium - less than the maximum), helped effectively in developing the strength characterized by speed and to develop some basic offensive skills with basketball. Formation of load grades (maximum - medium - less than maximum) is more favourable in creating the force characteristic of speed than forming degrees (less than the maximum - medium - less than the maximum), and this is an indication that this ability can merely be enhanced and developed in the maximum load degrees.
PubDate: 2022-08-08
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.07
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Observation of children's age to predict maximum height
Authors: Sapta Kunta Purnama, Muhammad Furqon Hidayatullah, Fadilah Umar, Slamet Riyadi, Siti Nurunniyah, Eppy Setiyowati, Hilwah Nora, Agus Mukholid
Pages: 366 - 374
Abstract: The ideal height is one of the things that people in Indonesia and around the world want. This study aims to formulate guidelines for predicting the maximum height of men and women. The method used in this research is descriptive. This study observed the growth and development of height for girls aged 0-18 years and boys aged 0-19 years. This research was conducted in the city of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The research sample was obtained from Posyandu, PAUD, SD, SMP, and SMA. Data were collected by observing the respondent's height. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data tabulation, data presentation, and concluding. Measurements for predicting a child's height can be done by considering weight and age percentage. The results showed that predicting a child's height could be done by considering the percentage of weight and age. Every year the growth of the child's height will increase according to the age of growth. Therefore, child height growth data can predict the maximum height of children at the age of 18 years for girls and 19 years for boys. Furthermore, the child height prediction method can be applied to determine the child's height in the future.
PubDate: 2022-08-08
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.08
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Effects of oral capsaicinoids and capsinoids supplementation on resistance
and high intensity interval training
Authors: Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Jorge Flandez, Carlos Alix-Fages, Eneko Baz-Valle, Juan C. Colado
Pages: 375 - 389
Abstract: Oral capsaicinoids and capsinoids supplementation has been studied recently for a plausible ergogenic impact on sports performance. However, non-aggregated literature has focused on the impact of this substances in healthy humans’ performance. The aim of the present systematic review was to explore the effects of capsaicinoids and capsinoids on resistance training (RT) and HIIT exercise. Studies searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases. Studies where healthy subjects consumed capsaicinoids or capsinoids acutely or chronically compared to placebo before a RT or HIIT intervention were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with PEDro checklist. A total of 7 excellent-good quality placebo-controlled trials (i.e., 5 RT and 2 HIIT experiments) were included. The most prevalent protocol used capsaicin (i.e., 6 capsacin and 1 capsiate studies) and acute (i.e., 5 of 7 interventions) supplementation designs. Positive effects were only noted for capsaicin in repetitions until failure (+14.4 to +21.7%), total weight lifted (+13.0 to +23.3%), perceived effort (-6.4%), fatigue index (+15.0%) and peak torque (+6.1%) compared to placebo. Neuromuscular HIIT variables (e.g., total and medium sprint time) were not highly affected by capsaicin except the time to reach 90% VO2 peak (+61.2%) and the number of efforts performed (+14.7%). Collectively, our findings suggest a positive effect of 12 mg of capsaicin on strength endurance, total weight lifted and perceived effort variables in healthy males after acute (i.e., 45 minutes pre-exercise) supplementation.
PubDate: 2022-09-26
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.09
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Elite coaches’ approach to quantifying technical actions and relative
participation in volleyball players’ performance
Authors: Carlos López-Serrano, M. Perla Moreno, Daniel Mon-López, Juan José Molina-Martín
Pages: 390 - 401
Abstract: This study sought to identify elite coaches’ perception of the importance of technical actions and the consideration of relative participation to measure individual volleyball players’ performance. An instrument was elaborated to gather the opinions of elite coaches on the importance of technical actions reported by the data volley (excluding setting), as well as considering relative participation. Twenty elite coaches with at least three years of experience in national teams or top leagues participated in the study. Variables considered in the study were analysed using descriptive statistics and reliability was measured with Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s Omega coefficients (> .70). The results assessed the importance of scoring actions, which received values of (1 point). All errors (terminal and continuity) were scored with (−1). Non-scoring actions were given values [.00, .80], except for poor attack (−.35), poor serve (−.60), free freeball (−.60) and reception free (−.50). Relative participation was considered according to the percentage of points and/or contacts played by each athlete. We concluded that for the player’s points and/or contacts, priority is given to actions that win points directly or are excellent, followed by those that contribute to building comfortable attacks, while penalising errors.
PubDate: 2022-10-28
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.10
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Conditions of Spanish amateur boxing in the 1980s
Authors: María Teresa Calle-Molina, María Eugenia Martínez-Gorroño
Pages: 402 - 412
Abstract: This research exposes the diverse sporting, social, economic, and political circumstances that amateur boxing experienced during the 1980s and early 1990s in Spain. This qualitative research is framed in the History of the Present Time and used the testimony of six oral sources, three of them Olympic boxers contemporary to the period under study. The results show that boxing began to be understood as a violent practice by some sectors of the Spanish population and its practice was banned in some parts of Spain. Its dissemination in the press and public television diminished notably and a gap was opened between professional boxing and amateur boxing in the popular ideology, understanding both with the differences that identified them, since the former began to be vilified, which negatively affected amateur boxing. These circumstances began to change in the 1990s, as boxing began to be used as a form of self-defence and was included in sports complexes for purposes other than competition. We can conclude that, despite the fact that in the 1980s the Spanish sport experienced a definitive boost, the circumstances described above were especially detrimental to amateur boxing in terms of the recruitment of practitioners and with respect to the economic support necessary for technicians and gyms in which they developed their pugilistic practice, which continued to be constituted as exclusive boxing halls located in marginal neighbourhoods.
PubDate: 2022-10-28
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.11
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Influence of plyometric jump training on the physiological changes of male
handball players
Authors: Wael Awad Ramadan, Ahmed Elsayed
Pages: 413 - 419
Abstract: Running economy and velocity at maximal oxygen uptake are considered the most substantial physiological performance indicators in team sports. plyometric training are important techniques that enhance the neuromuscular functioning in athletes. The aim of the present study is to investigates the change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and running economy (RE). 16 male participants aged 21 years old. Participants underwent pre- and post-intervention tests including running economy, VO2max within 48 h before and after the training protocol. Statistically significant differences were seen in running economy and VO2max after training (p < .01). The current study suggested that plyometric training for 12 weeks can improve running economy and VO2max.
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.12
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- The home-court advantage in NCAA Division-I men’s basketball
Authors: Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Michael A. Deane, Anthony B. Ciccone, Grant T. Jones, Damjana V. Cabarkapa, Andrew C. Fry
Pages: 420 - 427
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the differences in game-related statistics between home and away games at the NCAA Division-I level of men’s basketball competition. The data scraping technique was used to obtain publicly available box scores during the 2018-19 competitive season. Throughout this period, 2181 home and 2205 away box scores were randomly selected across 353 teams, regardless of the winning or losing game outcome. The findings of the present study revealed that the game-related statistics influenced by the game location, listed in descending order of magnitude, were: assists (AS), personal fouls (PF), field-goal percentage (FG%), free-throw attempts (FTA), blocks (BL), defensive rebounds (DRB), turnovers (TO), steals (ST), and three-point shooting percentage (3P%). During home games, the teams tended to display better decision-making processes (i.e., more AS and ST, and less TO), defensive performance (i.e., more DRB and BL), shooting efficiency (i.e., greater FT% and 3P%), and minimize tactical errors (i.e., less PF and more FTA). Overall, these findings suggest that playing on a home-court provides a significant advantage in securing the desired game outcome and provides insight into what game-related statistics contribute most to this effect.
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.13
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Effect of Resistance and Power Training with Walking in Different
Directions on the Serum Concentrations of P3NP and CAF, the Lower Body
Muscle Strength and Motor Function in Elderly Men
Authors: Mujtaba Peyghambarzadeh, Roya Askari, Mohsen Damavandi, Matteo Pusceddu
Pages: 428 - 445
Abstract: Objective(s): Examine the effect of resistance and power training with walking in four directions on the N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (P3NP), the C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF), the lower body muscle strength and motor function in elderly people. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one elderly men were selected and divided into three groups: control group (C); resistance training (RT) group, and power training (PT) group. RT was performed with 8–10 repetitions during 20–35 seconds of exercise and PT with 8–10 repetitions during 10–13 seconds of exercise. The exercise to which subjects were exposed to, in both resistance and power training groups, consisted in walking in four directions for 12 weeks (two sessions per week). Body mass index (BMI), functional tests, and lower body strength were also measured. The serum levels of P3NP and CAF were evaluated in all groups. Results: Lower body strength (leg press, plantar ankle flexion, knee extension, leg curl) and motor function (chair stand test, timed up and go, 6-minute walking), improved following the exercise, while no effect was found concerning the serum levels of P3NP and CAF. Conclusions: An increase in motor function and lower body strength was observed in both types of exercise programmes discussed in this paper, although the exercise should be done rapidly for a better result.
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.14
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
- Beach volleyball performance benchmarks in men’s high level
Authors: George Giatsis
Pages: 446 - 461
Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the set and technical indicators between winning and losing men’s teams in the 2022 beach volleyball World Championship, depending on the set of the matches to 21- (S21) and 15-points (S15). A total of 250 sets and 9,096 points were analysed from the men’s 2022 World Championship. Discriminant function analysis determined which skill(s) contributed significantly to winning a set in S21 and S15. This study showed that the teams that won S21 and S15 had better performance in all scoring skills (serve, attack, block, opponent errors), attack kill percent and attack and serve efficiencies compared to their opponents. The attack opponent errors points and attack kill percent, were the main predictors of a team’s success of set and technical indicators respectively. In conclusion, the results of the men's teams at the highest level of beach volleyball, show that attack kill percent is not the only technical indicator that increases the probability of winning a set, since attack opponent errors per set points contribute equally significantly. Furthermore, teams should reduce the number of attack errors despite the high level of blocking to increase the probability of winning a set.
PubDate: 2022-12-14
DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2023.182.15
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
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