 Subjects -> SPORTS AND GAMES (Total: 199 journals)
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- Relevance of ethical criteria in sport mega-events: a segmentation of
German media consumers-
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Abstract: Abstract Based on recurrent rejections of Olympic bids in referenda, the public support for hosting sport mega-events (SMEs) in liberal democracies is seemingly decreasing. Observing the emergence of an ethical and sustainable consumption culture, the objectives of this research are a) to examine the relevance of ethical criteria for media consumers when evaluating SMEs they follow via the media, and b) to classify media consumers based on ethical and “traditional” sports-following criteria. The present study uses a cluster analysis to segment the consumers based on the identified criteria patterns. This is done based on a sample of 890 German adults. We identified four criteria patterns (escape, eustress, integrity and sustainability) and three media consumer segments (average sport followers, entertainment-driven sport followers and value-driven sport followers). The results revealed that the most significant differentiating factor between the segments was event sustainability, while integrity had a high relative importance for all segments. The findings enhance our understanding of the different types of media consumers and their expectations regarding SMEs, and lay the groundwork for research into the impacts of ethical and sustainable consumer culture on future SMEs.
PubDate: 2024-08-09
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00969-z
- Exploring the inclusion of people with disabilities in gyms:
organizational capacity needs-
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Abstract: Abstract This study investigates people with disabilities as a potential target group for gyms from the providers’ perspective and examines organizational capacity needs of gyms for developing the inclusion of people with disabilities. The study draws on the organizational capacity model, which was adapted to gyms as for-profit organizations. Data were collected with qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 14 gym managers. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis including both inductive and deductive coding systems. The results indicate that gym managers perceived the inclusion of people with disabilities as an important societal issue, but did not consider people with disabilities a relevant target group for four reasons (size of the target group, lack of demand, lack of profitability, image). While capacity needs were perceived differently in the human resource and infrastructure/process capacity dimensions, gym managers were concerned about financial capacity and did not see the development of inclusion as a business case. Furthermore, they highlighted the need for improving relationships and networks, especially with the healthcare sector. Practical implications arise for politicians and policy makers, since (financial) support by political bodies as well as improved partnerships with local institutions were considered pivotal for developing the inclusion of people with disabilities in gyms from the providers’ perspective.
PubDate: 2024-07-30
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00973-3
- Exploring the motivation mechanisms of sports trackers among
non-professional swimmers-
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Abstract: Background Sports trackers have become increasingly popular among non-professional swimmers who use them to track progress, set goals, and monitor performance. However, there is a lack of research investigating the motivation mechanisms underlying their usage in this population. This qualitative study aimed to explore the motivation mechanisms of sports trackers among non-professional swimmers and examine their impact on performance during swimming sessions. Methods Guided by self-determination theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 non-professional swimmers who regularly used sports trackers. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and patterns related to reasons for use and to motivation mechanisms. Results The results indicated self-monitoring, immediate feedback, and visualization of progress as primary reasons for using sports trackers. These devices served as virtual coaches, providing real-time guidance, enabling swimmers to set and achieve personalized goals, and fostering autonomy and competence. Moreover, the social interactions facilitated by sports trackers created a sense of relatedness within the swimming community, enhancing motivation and camaraderie. Participants reported positive psychological outcomes, including increased self-confidence, a sense of accomplishment, and improved well-being, attributed to tracking progress and achieving goals. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the motivation mechanisms of sports trackers among non-professional swimmers, addressing a critical gap in the literature. The findings offer practical implications for practitioners and coaches in optimizing training strategies and enhancing motivation among non-professional swimmers. The research contributes to a better understanding of how sports trackers can promote engagement, goal attainment, and overall well-being in swimming and other physical activities.
PubDate: 2024-07-23
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00972-4
- Wissenschaftskommunikation in der Sportwissenschaft
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Abstract: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Studie soll mit einem Fokus auf die deutsche Sportwissenschaft erstmalig untersucht werden, wie Sportwissenschaftler*innen verschiedener Karrierestufen (Prä-Doc, Post-Doc, Professor*innen) ihr Engagement in der Wissenschaftskommunikation einschätzen, welche Einstellungen sie diesbezüglich haben und mit welchen Barrieren sie dabei konfrontiert sind. Mithilfe einer Online-Befragung von 154 Sportwissenschaftler*innen wurde der Ist-Zustand erfasst. Als Grundlage der Untersuchung diente die bislang einzige nationale Befragung von Wissenschaftler*innen in Bezug auf ihre Aktivitäten in der Wissenschaftskommunikation von den Institutionen Wissenschaft im Dialog (WiD), dem Deutschen Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW) und dem Nationalen Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation (NaWik) aus dem Jahre 2020, deren Ergebnisse mit den Ergebnissen der vorliegenden Studie verglichen werden. Die Sportwissenschaftler*innen nutzen die klassischen Formate seltener als die Teilnehmenden der Original-Befragung, die Online-Kanäle hingegen häufiger, allerdings auf niedrigem Niveau. Insgesamt kommuniziert die Sportwissenschaft trotz positiver Einstellung bisher begrenzt. Besonders fehlende Zeit und mangelnde Ressourcen wurden von den Sportwissenschaftler*innen ebenso wie von den Teilnehmenden der Original-Befragung als Barrieren wahrgenommen. Bei der Betrachtung der Statusgruppen zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede in der Nutzung der Formate und Online-Kanäle, aber auch in der Einstellung gegenüber der Wissenschaftskommunikation und den wahrgenommenen Barrieren. Die Ergebnisse bieten Einblicke für die Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Wissenschaftskommunikation, insbesondere für Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innen. Wissenschaftskommunikation sollte nicht als Zusatzaufgabe betrachtet werden, sondern als integraler Bestandteil der Arbeit, der angemessen honoriert werden muss. Denn durch Wissenschaftskommunikation kann der zwingend notwendige Wissenschafts-Praxis-Transfer gefördert werden. Gerade sportwissenschaftliche Themen wie unter anderem die Förderung eines aktiven Lebensstils oder auch die Aufklärung von Fitness-Märchen sind von gesellschaftlichem Interesse und haben damit ein großes Potenzial, kommuniziert zu werden.
PubDate: 2024-07-04
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00970-6
- Verständlichkeit mündlicher Erklärungen von
Sportlehrkräften-
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Abstract: Zusammenfassung Gute mündliche Erklärungen von Sportlehrkräften werden als mitentscheidend für das Verständnis von Schüler*innen im Sportunterricht angenommen. Dabei ist jedoch unklar, welche Merkmale in einer mündlichen Erklärung so zur Verständlichkeit beitragen, dass sie das Verstehen von Schüler*innen besonders fördern. Die vorliegende experimentelle Studie mit N = 356 Schüler*innen der Klassenstufen 7–9 variiert dafür im Rahmen eines 2 × 2-Designs die zwei Kohärenzbildungshilfen sprachliche Segmentierung (hoch vs. gering) und Qualität der zusammenfassenden Situationsbeispiele (regelkonform vs. regelwidrig) in einer videografierten mündlichen Erklärung des Spiels Kin-Ball. Die Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass der Grad der Segmentierung weder eine Bedeutung für das Erinnern und Wiedergeben zentraler Spielregeln (Regelwissen) noch für das Analysieren und Evaluieren von Spielsituationen (Regelanwenden) hat. Das Regelwissen wird jedoch unterstützt, wenn die Erklärung mit regelwidrigen statt mit regelkonformen Spielsituationen zusammengefasst wird. Das Regelanwenden hingegen profitiert von einer Kombination aus hoher Segmentierung und regelkonformen Situationsbeispielen. Sämtliche Effekte der Kohärenzbildungshilfen sind von der selbst eingeschätzten Sprachfähigkeit der Schüler*innen unabhängig. Insgesamt kann die Studie zu einem besseren Verstehen bedeutsamer sprachlicher Kohärenzbildungshilfen in mündlichen Erklärungen im Fach Sport beitragen.
PubDate: 2024-06-27
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00971-5
- Playing for peace: scoping review of sports programs as agents of peace
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Abstract: Abstract The quest for peace and stability in contemporary society, particularly in conflict-affected regions, is of vital importance. In the 21st century, sport has evolved beyond its traditional role of entertainment and competition to become a powerful force for change. Its ability to bring people together, overcome cultural barriers and promote universal values makes it an effective vehicle for promoting peace and coexistence. Despite the undeniable potential of sport as a social bridge between divided communities, previous studies have not specifically addressed the concept of peace. In addition, researchers may need information on existing programs for study, replication or improvement. This study aims to provide an overview of programs that use sport to promote peace. Following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA, databases such as Scopus, PubMed, SciELO and EBSCO were searched. Two reviewers independently performed a thorough selection, including 17 manuscripts. The predominant methodology in these studies was qualitative. Within this context, most of the experiences recovered took place in Colombia, with soccer being the most used sport modality in such programs. These programs are presented as a tool to promote peace in diverse contexts of conflict, violence and community division, and their capacity to be instrumentalized for peaceful purposes is remarkable, even surpassing the capacity of States to regulate and resolve conflicts.
PubDate: 2024-06-25
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00967-1
- BISp Informationen
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PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00957-3
- Health promotion in physical education through digital media:
a systematic literature review-
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Abstract: Background Digital devices and applications (apps) are already being used in various areas of sport and health. However, digital media are rarely used for the education of students and physical education teachers. The use of digital media in physical education could increase the potential for health promotion through physical activity in schoolchildren and contribute to the optimization of teaching and learning processes. Purpose The aim of the current systematic literature review was therefore to identify health-promoting interventions for schoolchildren through physical education using digital media. The overview also provides information for school teachers who want to use digital media in health-promoting physical education. Methodology To answer the research questions – what types of digital media have been used in health promotion in physical education (RQ 1) and with what results (RQ 2) – a systematic literature search was conducted in four databases (Web of Science, ERIC, Scopus and PubMed) using keywords related to physical education, health promotion and digital media according to the PRISMA guidelines and using the ‘Effective Public Health Practice Project’ (EPHPP) tool to assess the studies. Results In the original sample of 1492 articles, 17 empirical studies were included in the review. Positive results were found for the use of fitness technologies in physical education to improve motor skills, for online physical education and apps to improve physical activity, for the inclusion of digital games in physical education to increase motivation, for video feedback in physical education to improve knowledge and motor skills, and for flipped learning approaches using digital media to improve knowledge acquisition and student-teacher interactions in physical education. The studies were mostly classified as “weak” in terms of evidence using the EPHPP tool. Discussion The literature review shows a gap in research on the question of how health promotion can be implemented using digital media in physical education. Digital media types, such as apps, video feedback and online physical education, showed controversial results. In addition, whether physical activity is increased or decreased by digital media could not be clearly answered by the results in this review. However, these results can provide a basis for future studies in order to develop health-promoting interventions, whereby attention should be paid to the quality of the study methodology.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00932-4
- How specific combinations of epoch length, non-wear time and cut-points
influence physical activity-
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Abstract: Abstract This study assesses three factors that influence the quantification of children’s and adolescents’ physical activity (PA) using accelerometers: selection of (1) non-wear algorithm, (2) epoch length and (3) cut-points. A total of 1525 participants from MoMo wave 3 (2018–2022), aged 6–17 years, wore GT3X accelerometers (ActiGraph, LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA) during waking hours. Acceleration counts were reintegrated into lengths of 1, 5, 15, 30, and 60 s epochs. Two non-wear time algorithms and two sets of cut-points were applied to each epoch length. Differences were found in both the comparison of the non-wear time algorithms and the comparison of the cut-points when the different epoch lengths were considered. This may result in large differences in estimated sedentary behavior and PA values. We propose to pool the data by merging and combining multiple accelerometer datasets from different studies and evaluate them in a harmonized way in the future. In addition to the need for future validation studies using short epoch lengths for young children, we also propose to conduct meta-analyses. This allows the use of data from multiple studies to validate cut-points and to propose a consensual set of cut-points that can be used in different settings and projects. The high discrepancy between results when comparing different epoch lengths has to be considered when interpreting accelerometer data and is regarded a confounding variable when comparing levels of PA between studies.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00892-9
- Testing the Weiss-Harter-Model in a prospective study design: the
importance of perceived social support for youth physical activity-
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Abstract: Abstract To counteract low physical activity levels in children and adolescents, it is crucial to understand the relevant psychological processes that can promote physical activity in this age group. The Weiss-Harter model focuses on self-esteem as a central construct for physical activity promotion in youth, which mediates the effects of perceived competence and perceived social support on enjoyment and physical activity. However, in two cross-sectional studies, an adapted model was found to have a better model fit in which perceived social support has additional direct effects on physical activity and enjoyment. The purpose of the present study was to compare the original Weiss-Harter model and the adapted model in a prospective study design. Data were based on two assessment waves of the German Motorik-Modul-Study involving 1107 participants (603 female) with a mean age of 13.98 years (SD = 2.03). Participants filled out questionnaires on perceived competence, perceived social support, self-esteem, enjoyment, and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during the first assessment. MVPA was again assessed about five years later allowing to test whether the models could predict (1) future MVPA and (2) the difference of MVPA from the first to the second assessment. For both research questions, the original Weiss-Harter model (Model 1a: χ2 = 812.44; df = 95; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.905; RMSEA = 0.083; Model 2a: χ2 = 755.29; df = 95; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.910; RMSEA = 0.079) had a worse fit than the adapted model (Model 1b: χ2 = 512.19; df = 93; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.943; RMSEA = 0.065; Model 2b: χ2 = 513.25; df = 93; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.943; RMSEA = 0.064). The results of this study highlight the role of perceived social support for youth MVPA.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00883-w
- Force capacity of trunk muscle extension and flexion in healthy inactive,
endurance and strength-trained subjects—a pilot study-
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Abstract: Abstract Recreational sports are becoming increasingly important in overcoming the drawbacks of our modern sedentary lifestyle. We wanted to know whether ambitious strength or endurance training has a systematic effect on the maximum strength capacity of the trunk muscles compared to no sport at all. We investigated two groups of physically active men who practised either endurance (ET; cycling and triathlon, n = 13) or strength training (ST; power lifting, n = 13), and a group of healthy physically inactive men (control [C], n = 12). Training intensity was at competition level in both active groups. All participants performed isometric maximum voluntary contractions in flexion and extension direction. Independent of force direction maximum torque levels were highest for the ST group (p < 0.001 vs. ET and C), but after normalizing to the subject’s upper body weight these differences decreased, together with a drop in significance levels (extension: p < 0.01 vs. C; flexion: p < 0.05 vs. ET; p < 0.01 vs. C). With respect to the ratio between extension and flexion maximum forces due to the small group size no systematic differences could be detected between the groups, but effect sizes imply relevant effects (ET vs. ST: d = 0.588, ST vs C: d = −0.811). The results of this pilot study indicate that ST show higher functional force capacity values for flexion compared to the other groups. For extension, ST and ET did not differ. These results imply relevant differences for the extension to flexion force ratio.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00904-8
- Bewegungsförderung bei sozial benachteiligten Frauen
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Abstract: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Das Projekt „Bewegung als Investition in Gesundheit“ (BIG) – ein partizipatives Projekt im kommunalen Setting – wurde 2005 entwickelt, um benachteiligten Frauen den Zugang zu körperlich-sportlicher Aktivität zu erleichtern. Seitdem wurde BIG deutschlandweit auf 17 Kommunen übertragen. Ziel Es wird untersucht, ob im BIG-Projekt sozial benachteiligte Frauen erreicht und an Bewegungskurse gebunden werden können. Zudem werden die Angaben der Frauen zu deren Gesundheitszustand und Sporttreiben berichtet. Zuletzt wird geprüft, ob 5 Risikofaktoren einer sozialen Benachteiligung sowie das Sporttreiben mit dem Gesundheitszustand assoziiert sind. Methode Quantitative Querschnittsdaten aus 6 Erhebungswellen (2006–2013) zweier Projektstandorte (Erlangen, Regensburg) wurden aggregiert. Zur Analyse der Zielgruppenerreichung wurden die Charakteristika der Teilnehmerinnen (N = 430) mit Bevölkerungsdaten der Standorte verglichen. Zielgruppenerreichung, Kursbindung und Angaben zu Gesundheitszustand und Sporttreiben wurden darüber hinaus deskriptiv analysiert. Der Einfluss der Risikofaktoren und des Sporttreibens wurde durch multivariate Regressionsanalyen untersucht. Ergebnisse Von den Teilnehmerinnen wiesen 67 % mindestens einen Risikofaktor auf. Die Frauen nahmen im Mittel 2,4 Jahre an den BIG-Kursen teil. Über 50 % der Frauen berichteten einen verbesserten Gesundheitszustand, über 60 % trieben im Vergleich zu der Zeit vor BIG mehr Sport. Die Anzahl vorliegender Risikofaktoren war mit dem Gesundheitszustand im Vergleich zur Zeit vor BIG (p < 0,001) assoziiert. Mangelnde Deutschkenntnisse zeigten einen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit dem aktuellen Gesundheitszustand. Schlussfolgerung Das BIG-Projekt erreicht sozial benachteiligte Frauen. Insbesondere Frauen mit wenig Risikofaktoren berichten positive Veränderung des Gesundheitszustands und Sporttreibens verglichen zur Zeit vor der BIG-Teilnahme. Hier scheinen die Anzahl vorliegender Risikofaktoren, sowie mangelnde Deutschkenntnisse von Bedeutung zu sein.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00893-8
- Toward a representative assessment of competencies for a healthy,
physically active lifestyle in the German population: development and
validation of a short version of the physical activity-related health
competence questionnaire (PAHCO_12)-
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Abstract: Abstract Representative studies assessing behavior-oriented determinants for physically active lifestyles in the German adult population are lacking due to the absence of validated assessment instruments. Drawing on the physical activity-related health competence (PAHCO) model, the goal of the present study was to develop and evaluate a short version of PAHCO differentiating between the three sub-competencies ’movement competence’, ’control competence’, and ’self-regulation competence’. In the first step, we reduced the number of items from existing PAHCO-related questionnaires, while adjusting them for a telephone survey mode. In the second step, we validated this 12-item version with N = 3986 adults between 18 and 97 years (57.0 ± 18.2 years; 52.0% male) within the representative survey “German health Update” (GEDA 2023). We also gathered information about participants’ age, gender, education, leisure-time physical activity, and self-reported health. The psychometric analyses revealed satisfactory item statistics. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested a model variant in which two items showed theory-conform parallel loadings on a second sub-competence (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.924, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.073, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.044). The latent sub-competencies were significantly related to physical activity (0.20 ≤ β ≤ 0.27) and health (0.50 ≤ β ≤ 0.65), thus indicating criterion validity. The factor structure turned out to be invariant across age, gender, and educational levels. In summary, this study gained initial insights about the reliability and validity of a 12-item version of the PAHCO questionnaire. We recommend the instrument for use within representative surveys, for initial screening, the reporting of descriptive trends, or secondary outcomes of a trial.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00943-9
- Digitale Bewegungsförderung und Sturzprävention in
Pflegeeinrichtungen – der Status-Quo von Technikaffinität und der
Bereitschaft zur Nutzung digitaler Lösungen bei Pflegepersonal-
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Abstract: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Bedeutung der Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen wächst seit Jahren. Diese Studie untersucht das Ausmaß der Nutzung und Implementierung digitaler Lösungen im Bereich der Bewegungsförderung im Setting Pflege sowie die Technikaffinität und die Bereitschaft des Pflegepersonals zur Nutzung digitaler Lösungen. Ein weiterer Fokus liegt auf den Nutzungsbedingungen, die digitale Konzepte erfüllen sollten, sowie möglichen Risiken die bei der Nutzung derselbigen auftreten können. Methodik Es wurde ein Onlinefragebogen mit quantitativen und qualitativen Fragestellungen zur Nutzungsbereitschaft und Voraussetzungen für digitale Lösungen entwickelt, unter Einbezug von zwei Fragebögen zur Technikaffinität (ATI und TA-EG). Die Pflegeeinrichtungen wurden deutschlandweit rekrutiert. Die Daten wurden qualitativ mit MAXQDA und quantitativ mit SPSS Version 27 analysiert. Ergebnisse 200 Personen aus 15 Bundesländern nahmen an der Befragung teil. Eine flächendeckende Ausstattung mit digitalen Geräten und WLAN ist in Pflegeeinrichtungen noch nicht gegeben. Es zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede in der Technikaffinität bezogen auf das Alter (t (198) = 3,705; p = 0,000), das Geschlecht (t (196) = -2,952; p = 0,004) und die berufliche Funktion (ATI: t (198) = 2,286; p = 0,023; TA-EG: t (198) = 2,126, p = 0,035). 47 % der Teilnehmenden haben keine Erfahrung mit digitalen Lösungen im Bereich Bewegungsförderung und Sturzprävention. Als Risiken wurden Stürze, falsche Übungsausführungen und Verringerung der sozialen Kontakte identifiziert. 65,4 % (n = 53) der Einrichtungsleitungen, und 54,6 % (n = 65) der Angestellten sind bereit eine digitale Lösung zu nutzen. Die Erwartungen beinhalteten eine gute Wirksamkeit, Individualisierungsmöglichkeiten, einfache Handhabung, sowie eine gute Alltagsintegration. Schlussfolgerung Bei der Implementierung digitaler Lösungen muss die strukturelle, bislang wenig digitalisierte Situation von Pflegeeinrichtungen berücksichtigt werden. Die Ergebnisse zur Technikaffinität lassen darauf schließen, dass eine Bereitschaft zur Nutzung an sich vorhanden ist. Mögliche Risiken und bisherige Erfahrungen, sowie Erwartungen an digitale Lösungen müssen in die Entwicklung derselbigen einfließen, um eine langfristige Nutzung zu ermöglichen.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00905-7
- Germany’s 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and
Adolescents-
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Abstract: Abstract The German Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents 2022 provides a summary and a comprehensive evaluation of physical activity levels and correlated indicators using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading framework. The 2022 German Report Card, established by the Active Healthy Kids Germany (AHK Germany) expert panel, describes to what degree German youth meets the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior. Additionally, distal and proximal determinants, settings, as well as strategies and investments towards improvements in physical activity were analyzed by assigning grades to the eleven Report Card indicators using established benchmarks. Most children and adolescents in Germany failed to meet the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior and engaged in high sitting durations. Therefore, we assigned poor grades for Overall Physical Activity (D−) and slightly higher grades for Sedentary Behavior (C). Moderately positive scores were observed for specific physical activity behaviors such as Active Transportation (C) and Non-organized Physical Activity and Active Play (C−). Organized Sport Participation was the only behavioral indicator receiving a good grade (B−). Grades were moderately positive for Settings and Sources of Influence (Family and Friends: C; School: B−; Community and Environment: B−). For the indicators within the group of Individual Characteristics, we were able to assign a grade to Physical Fitness (D+), whereas the indicator Overweight and Obesity was not rated (INC). We also assigned an incomplete grade for the Government indicator due to the need for objective criteria for grading policies, indicating data gaps potentially crucial for future research.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00946-6
- The role of leisure-time physical activity in youth for lifelong
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Abstract: Abstract Considering the positive health effects of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), youth is an important life stage to promote lifelong LTPA. However, the stability of LTPA over the life course is low, and specific predictors of LTPA in youth for lifelong activity have some shortcomings, e.g. neglecting the interacting factors of LTPA within individuals. Therefore, from a person-oriented approach, patterns of LTPA behaviour in youth considering time- and context-related aspects and their relationships with lifelong LTPA were investigated. Life course data from n = 1519 Swiss inhabitants aged between 25 and 76 years were recorded retrospectively using a validated questionnaire (CATI method). Latent profile analyses were used to find the optimal profile solution and for the association with lifelong LTPA auxiliary conditional effect models (controlled for age) were applied. Six distinct patterns emerged. Overall, mostly inactive youth are also the least active in adulthood, whereas several other patterns are associated with a mainly continuous LTPA throughout adulthood. More precisely, multiple constellations in youth occurred to be physically active in at least 80% of the years in adulthood: (1) early starters regarding LTPA in a rather self-organised setting but not with many different LTPAs; (2) late entrants with a variety of different activities and organisational settings; or (3) a high expression in every variable investigated. Consequently, there is not just one type of LTPA behaviour in youth linked to lifelong activity, which indicates that certain aspects of LTPA in youth can be compensated by each other. Implications for LTPA promotion can be derived.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00884-9
- Kommunale bewegungsbezogene Gesundheitsförderung in Deutschland
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Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ansätze der kommunalen bewegungsbezogenen Gesundheitsförderung (kbG) werden empfohlen, um körperlicher Inaktivität in der Bevölkerung entgegenzuwirken. Der vorliegende Artikel hat zum einen das Ziel, eine systematische Übersicht zur kbG in Deutschland darzustellen. Zum anderen sollen in diesem Bereich Good-Practice-Projekte identifiziert werden, die als Orientierungsrahmen für die Umsetzung und Verbreitung von kbG genutzt werden können. Im ersten Schritt wurden Projekte über eine Suche in 4 wissenschaftlichen Datenbanken sowie 21 Projektdatenbanken identifiziert und Daten zu „Bundesland“, „Berücksichtigung gesundheitlicher Chancengleichheit“ und „Umsetzung im städtischen oder ländlichen Raum“ extrahiert. Zudem wurden eingeschlossene Projekte in verschiedene Ansätze im Setting Kommune unterteilt. Im nächsten Schritt wurden Projekte mit einer dokumentierten Prozess- und/oder Ergebnisevaluation anhand von Qualitätskriterien in den Bereichen Konzipierung, Implementierung und Evaluation bewertet. Projekte, die mindestens 50 % der Qualitätskriterien erfüllten, wurden als Good-Pratice-Projekte ausgewählt. Insgesamt wurden 240 Projekte der kbG erfasst. Im ländlichen Raum wurden primär umweltbezogene Ansätze und im städtischen Raum vermehrt Mehrkomponentenansätze sowie Angebote und Veranstaltungen umgesetzt. 45 Projekte wiesen eine ausreichende Dokumentation der Prozess- und/oder Ergebnisevaluation auf, wovon 17 Projekte als Good-Practice identifiziert wurden. Optimierungspotenzial besteht bei der Adressierung von gesundheitlicher Chancengleichheit, einer aktiven Beteiligung von Menschen in schwierigen Lebenslagen über den gesamten Projektzyklus sowie der Implementierung von Mehrkomponentenansätzen. Dies erfordert Förderprogramme, die strukturbildende Good-Practice-Projekte ermöglichen und insbesondere deprivierte Kommunen erreichen. Ein von Akteur:innen aus Wissenschaft, Praxis und Politik gemeinsam verabschiedeter Standard zur Anwendung der Qualitätskriterien und einer damit einhergehenden Legitimation für die Bezeichnung als Good-Practice könnte einen Mehrwert für die strategische Weiterentwicklung der kbG in Deutschland bieten.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00875-w
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PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00960-8
- Physical exercise and ergonomic workplace interventions for nursing
personnel—effects on physical and mental health: a systematic review-
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Abstract: Background Improving the work ability of nurses is highly important for ensuring a functioning healthcare system, which can be achieved via exercising and enhancing ergonomic work behaviors of the nurses. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize work ability-enhancing exercise and ergonomic workplace health promotion interventions in different nursing settings and their effects on work ability. Methods Intervention studies incorporating at least one component of physical exercise or ergonomic work behavior for nurses were eligible for inclusion. Three electronic databases (Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL) were searched for studies published until October 2022. The methodological quality of interventions was assessed. Due to intervention and outcome heterogeneity, narrative synthesis was conducted. Results The search identified a total of 37 studies. Sample size ranged from 14 to 316 (N = 3487). Overall quality was moderate (M = 0.76). Programs comprised aerobic exercising, “back school,” ergonomics, increasing physical activity, multicomponent programs, physiotherapy, and yoga. Positive effects on work ability (e.g., reduced back pain or stress levels) were reported in 34 studies. However, if follow-up analyses were included, the effects typically diminished. Common training principles and training control mechanisms were applied in studies. Discussion The review indicates the efficacy of exercise-based health promotion for increasing nurses’ work ability. However, results are limited by the lack of long-term improvements and scarcity of application of training principles. Therefore, setting-specific interventions, respecting work demands and training principles, are recommended.
PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-023-00922-6
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PubDate: 2024-06-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12662-024-00959-1
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