 Subjects -> ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (Total: 106 journals)
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- Acknowledgement to reviewers
Authors: Editorial Office
First page: 1
Abstract: No abstract available.
PubDate: 2023-10-23
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.232
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Pleurostylia capensis Turcz (Loes): A review of its phytochemistry,
pharmacology and toxicology and its ethnomedicinal uses
Authors: Nokukhanya E. Thembane
First page: 6
Abstract: Background: Pleurostylia capensis Turcz (Loes) is a tree species found in Africa that has been used in traditional medicine for various ailments.Aim: This review aims to investigate the phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity of P. capensis Turcz (Loes) and its ethnomedicinal uses.Method: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The keywords used were ‘Pleurostylia capensis’, ‘phytochemistry’, ‘pharmacology’, ‘toxicology’ and ‘ethnomedicine’. Studies were included if they reported on the phytochemical composition, pharmacological activities, toxicological evaluations and/or ethnomedicinal uses of Pleurostylia capensis.Results: A phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Pharmacological studies have reported the plant’s potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and a potential agent for bone and articular cartilage regeneration. Toxicological evaluations have shown that the plant is safe for human consumption at recommended doses.Conclusion: The review highlights the potential of Pleurostylia capensis as a source of bioactive compounds with pharmacological activities. Toxicological evaluations have also shown that the plant is safe for human consumption. The review provides useful information for further research on the development of new drugs from natural products.Contribution: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology of Pleurostylia capensis and its ethnomedicinal uses. The review highlights the potential of the plant as a source of bioactive compounds and provides a basis for further research on the development of new drugs from natural products.
PubDate: 2023-05-18
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.187
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Pytochemical profile of Aloe ferox Mill. across different regions within
South Africa
Authors: Sipho Goge, Karishma Singh, Lisa V. Komoreng, Roger M. Coopoosamy
First page: 6
Abstract: Background: Aloe ferox is an indigenous medicinal plant that is widely used for its various medicinal and pharmacological properties. Despite the medicinal importance and various applications of the species, it is surprising that little is known about the extent of geographical differences in its major chemical compounds. Also, the correlation between different geographic regions and variations in plant phytochemicals has received less attention.Aim: This study sought to investigate the presence of biologically active compounds in the leaf extracts of A. ferox from different geographical regions across South Africa.Setting: This study was set in different regions within South Africa.Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively using established standard procedures involving chemical reagents such as hexane, chloroform and methanol and a series of reactions to determine the presence of phytocompounds of biological importance.Results: The study revealed that A. ferox leaves possess several classes of phytocompounds such as alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and fixed oils and fats across various samples. Mucilage was absent across the samples.Conclusion: The study revealed eight classes of phytochemical compounds present on A. ferox leaves in three different geographic regions, which is consistent with the previous studies; however, further research is needed to enhance the study through qualitative research, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses to validate phytochemical variations and their therapeutic effects.Contribution: This study contributes to the existing knowledge of the therapeutic Aloe genus.
PubDate: 2023-03-17
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.178
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- The role of phytomedicine: Bridging the gap between the past, present, and
future
Authors: Roger Coopoosamy, Karishma Singh, Kubendran Naidoo, Devandren S. Nadasan
First page: 7
Abstract: Background: Over the last two decades, medical healthcare has increased at an exponential rate. The discovery of new infectious diseases and the development of conventional new drugs have increased the health sector’s reliance on alternative remedies such as holistic healing, Chinese traditional medicines, African traditional medicines, and Ayurvedic medicines. These traditional remedies have been around since time immemorial.Aim: This study reviewed literature and discussed the historical role of phytomedicine in the development of synthetic treatments, the current state of phytomedicine research, and the future implication of such research.Setting: This review provides a world overview of the use of phytomedicine.Method: This paper summarises previous research on the use of phytomedicine as a source of healthcare over decades using scientific internet databases.Results: Medicinal plants are heavily exploited for the therapeutic properties. Over the years, plants displayed a phenomenal benefit to human health problems worldwide. Advancement in plant research to combat multiple human ailments has drastically increased from the past to the present. Currently, researchers are using a computational platform to evaluate the potential of plant bioactive compounds towards novel, effective, and affordable drug development candidates to gain a better understanding of drug interactions with the body’s biochemical pathways.Conclusion: Medicinal plants are still important in global healthcare systems. Literature reveals that there is a resurgence of interest in plant-based medicines for the prevention and treatment of a variety of human ailments.Contribution: This study contributes to the existing knowledge on the remarkable use of phytomedicine in modern times.
PubDate: 2023-08-29
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.197
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Morphological, anatomical and molecular characterisation of the leaves of
Isoberlinia doka Craib and Stapf and Isoberlinia tomentosa (Harms) Craib
and Stapf
Authors: Hadiza Bello, Umar A. Katsayal, Aminu A. Ambi, Yusuf B. Abubakar
First page: 7
Abstract: Background: Isoberlinia (Craib and Stapf) is a genus with high economic and pharmacological values.Aim: This study aimed at establishing the morphological, anatomical and molecular characterisation of the leaves of I. doka and I. tomentosa, which were conducted for proper authentication.Setting: The leaves of I. doka and I. tomentosa were obtained from Shika, kaduna State, Nigeria.Method: Morphological and anatomical characters were determined according to standard procedures, while molecular identifications were performed using ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcl) gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA barcode’s region.Result: Morphological studies revealed similar features for both species except for the shiny leaves of I. doka and rough abaxial surfaces of I. tomentosa because of the presence of trichomes. Variations were observed in their epidermal features, stomatal index, stomata frequency, presence or absence of trichomes, trichomes frequency and their quantitative anatomical features. The quantity and quality of DNA measured at A260/280 ratio using nanodrop spectrophotometer were 29.1 ng/μL and 1.74 ng/μL for I. doka, respectively, while the I. tomentosa concentration and purity were 71.1 ng/μL and 1.85 ng/μL, respectively. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed two DNA bands with 700 bp (rbcl) and 600 bp (ITS). The sequence analysis revealed maximum identity with National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GeneBank Isoberlinia species. Evolutionary analysis supported the monophyletic origin of the genus Isoberlinia. The morphological and anatomical characters of I. doka and I. tomentosa leaves have provided a significant taxonomy tool for proper authentication of this plant.Conclusion: The findings ascertained that ITS and rbcl served as an improved and efficient tool for species identification of these studied species and could serve as potential DNA barcodes for these taxa.Contribution: This article suggests that further studies the on screening of these plants, for various pharmacological potentials, might be useful for new drug development.
PubDate: 2023-03-14
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v%vi%i.150
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Opportunities and challenges in the commercialisation of medicinal plants
used in village chicken health management
Authors: Ranganai Chidembo, Wiseman Ndlovu, Marizvikuru Mwale, Olusegun Obadire, Joseph Francis
First page: 7
Abstract: Background: Medicinal plants (MPs) are widely accepted and used in most rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond to treat and control village chicken (VC) diseases and parasites. They are readily available, accessible and cheap. Moreover, they are nature friendly and have adapted to the local environment, making them easy to produce. Over and above, their use has health benefits for consumers. Little is known about the opportunities and challenges faced when commercialising these MPs.Aim: It is imperative to unpack the opportunities and challenges that are encountered while commercialising MPs used for treating VC diseases and controlling parasites. Despite these multiple benefits, the commercialisation of these plants seems to be under researched. In South Africa, different rural communities use various MPs in their locality. For instance, most rural families in South Africa are using Aloe ferox, Helichrysum petiolare, Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Agave sisalana, Gunnera perpensa and Millettia grandis. Conspicuously, not much is known about the efforts made to commercialise these products.Method: Through a systematic review of the literature, this paper unpacks the trends, opportunities and challenges faced in commercialising MPs used to treat VC disease and control parasites.Results: Results have revealed that globally MPs for VC management are not widely recognised, despite their wide usage by local communities. If properly harnessed, they have the potential to strengthen local economic development through income generation. However, currently, little is derived from the sale of these products because of the presence of middlemen. Their commercialisation efforts are hampered by the lack of organised support systems and networks, lack of regularisation strategies and clear criteria for supporting quality, protection and presumed efficiency.Conclusion: By commercialising MPs, local farmers can exploit MPs beyond the village chickens to broiler and layer chickens, thus offering alternative chicken health and affordable medicinal options for the farmers.Contribution: The study contributes to understanding the available opportunities and challenges in commercialising MPs used for village chicken health management. It further demonstrates that MPs for village health can be used to transform the livelihoods of the custodians of these plants.
PubDate: 2023-03-08
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v%vi%i.175
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- UPLC–QTOF/MS tentative identification of phytochemicals from Vernonia
amygdalina Delile acetone and ethanol leaf extracts
Authors: Christeldah Mkhonto, Vusani Makananise, Idowu J. Sagbo, Madonna N. Mashabela, Peter T. Ndhlovu, Bongani P. Kubheka, Wilfred Otang-Mbeng
First page: 8
Abstract: Background: Vernonia amygdalina Delile is a woody medicinal plant that is commonly used in various folklore medicine in South Africa against helminthic, protozoal and bacterial infections. Despite its high medicinal values, the chemical profile of this plant has not been fully elucidated and remains unclassified.Aim: The present study reports the tentative identification of untargeted metabolite profiling from V. amygdalina Delile acetone and ethanol leaf extracts.Setting: The study took place in the Nkomazi municipality which is located in the eastern part of the Ehlazeni district municipality of the Mpumalanga province.Methods: Metabolites were identified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (qTOF/MS).Results: The UPLC-qTOF-MS analysis tentatively revealed the presence of prominent metabolites, 17 of which were identified in acetone extracts and 12 in the ethanol extracts of V. amygdalina Delile. The identified metabolites included compound classes such as terpenoids which were highest in the acetone extracts (23.53%) and flavonoids which were highest in the ethanol extracts (25%).Conclusion: The findings reveal several significant bioactive compounds which may contribute to the development of new antifungal drugs.Contribution: The results showed significant chemical differences between both extracts of the plant in the profiles. The findings revealed several significant bioactive compounds which may contribute to the development of new antifungal drugs.
PubDate: 2023-06-06
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.181
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- The impact of extract of mistletoe on tumour cells and hemostasis of human
plasma
Authors: Rostyslav Y. Marunych, Denis L. Kolesnik, Olga N. Pyaskovskaya, Galina I. Solyanik, Andrew V. Rebriev, Tamara M. Chernyshenko, Natalia E. Lugovska, Tetiana V. Kozytska, Andriy V. Gudzenko
First page: 9
Abstract: Background: The plant Viscum album (Mistletoe) is a known source of biologically active substances, used in traditional medicine in Europe and Asia.Aim: The goal was to study cytotoxic/cytostatic effect of mistletoe extract on tumour and normal cells and its influences on certain proteins of the blood coagulation system.Setting: Mistletoe was collected in Ukraine in November 2020.Methods: Water extract of V. album, both leaves and stems, was obtained and fractionated; it was characterised using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry and tested on cancer cells and blood plasma.Results: Extract demonstrated the presence of viscotoxins and carbohydrates and thermolabile compounds that enhance the activity of thrombin and factor X in plasma in the presence of calcium ions and increased the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by 2.7 times. The cytotoxic/cytostatic action of the mistletoe fractions, the total extract and the fraction <10 000 Da were higher in relation to Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells than with Vero cells. The IC50 of total extract for LLC cells was 35% (p < 0.05) lower than that for Vero cells (1.12 ± 0.2 and 1.71 ± 0.15 mg/ml). Thus, the IC50 of the fraction <10 000 Da for LLC cells was more than by 44% (p < 0.05) lower than that for Vero cells (2.07 ± 0.26 and 3.67 ± 0.41 mg/ml).Conclusion: It was shown that both extracts exhibited a cytotoxic/cytostatic effect, more pronounced against tumour cells than normal cells and enhanced the clotting of blood plasma by thermolabile compounds by facilitating plasma coagulation.Contribution: This research makes it possible to study mistletoe as a light and cheap anticancer therapy plant and cure blood coagulopathy or construct antibleeding bandages.
PubDate: 2023-05-25
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.186
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- A review of Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl: Ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacology,
phytochemistry and toxicology
Authors: Scelo Mguni, Felistas Mashinya, Collette Khabo-Mmekoa, Lishweni J. Shai
First page: 10
Abstract: Background: Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. is a traditional medicinal plant, which is native to Eastern and Southern Africa. Commonly known as the ‘Knob wood’, it has been used for centuries by several traditional healers in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The species is very well known to local communities by its common names such as ‘Kundanyoka’ (Shona), ‘Mjafari’ (Swahili) and ‘Ntaleyedungu’ (Uganda), and it grows naturally in the tropics and subtropics.Aim: The present review describes information on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical constituents, pharmacology and toxicology of Z. chalybeum.Method: Collection of data was based on literature research from several sources including electronic databases such as Google scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed, books, book chapters and theses.Results: Z. chalybeum is widely used in the treatment of malaria, cancer and diabetes. Pharmacological studies revealed that crude extracts and some isolated chemical compounds from Z. chalybeum demonstrated biological activities such as antibacterial, antidiabetic and antimalarial activities. Studies in phytochemical analysis of Z. chalybeum revealed the presence of new compounds such as 6-benzo (1, 3) dioxol-5-yl-hexa-2,5 dienoic acid isobutylamide, 4-methoxy-N-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-N methyl-benzamide, N-(2-hydroxy-methyl-propyl)-3 phenyl-acrylamide and 4-(isoprenyloxy)-3-methoxy,4-deoxymethylenedioxyfagaramide. Toxicology studies revealed moderate to high toxicity, depending on the type of cells and the extraction solvent used.Conclusion: Z. chalybeum is a valued medicinal plant used in Eastern and Southern Africa.Contribution: The properties of Z. chalybeum revealed in previous studies can be used to guide research scientists in future drug formulations.
PubDate: 2023-09-29
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.202
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Hepatoprotective activities of polyherbal formulations: A systematic
review
Authors: Elizabeth B. Aladejana, Adebowale E. Aladejana
First page: 22
Abstract: Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing conditions such as liver failure, hepatitis, cirrhosis and associated complications Safeguarding the liver becomes important as these conditions impact human health. Hepatoprotective agents play a pivotal role in mitigating liver damage caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins. Polyherbal formulations, combining botanical components from traditional medicine, offer a promising approach to addressing liver disorders. Their popularity arises from a multi-targeted strategy in treating complex diseases, marking a shift in focus toward these formulations.Aim: The study aimed to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature on the hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulations and provide a comprehensive overview of their mechanisms of action. This review provides the overview of the use of polyherbal formulations in the management of liver disease.Method: A systematic search of electronic databases, including : Scopus, Academia, Elsevier, Science Direct, Wiley, BioMed Central, PubMed, and Google Scholar, was conducted using a combination of keywords such as ‘polyherbal formulations’, ‘hepatoprotective’ and ‘liver diseases’. Studies published between January 2010 and April 2023 were included in the review.Results: A total of 61 articles were reviewed, and the studies showed that polyherbal formulations possess significant hepatoprotective activity against various hepatotoxic agents. The mechanisms of action of these formulations include antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antifibrotic and antiapoptotic effects. Additionally, some polyherbal formulations were found to stimulate liver regeneration, enhance bile secretion and promote detoxification processes.Conclusion: Polyherbal formulations have shown promising hepatoprotective activity, and their multitargeted approach to treating complex diseases makes them a potential alternative to conventional medicines. However, identifying the active compounds responsible for the hepatoprotective effects of these formulations and their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics could provide insights into the development of new and effective drugs for liver disorders.Contribution: This article contributes to the growing body of literature on the potential of polyherbal formulations as hepatoprotective agents.
PubDate: 2023-10-24
DOI: 10.4102/jomped.v7i1.206
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
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