 Subjects -> ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (Total: 106 journals)
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- The Health-Promoting Properties of Seaweeds: Clinical Evidence based on
Wakame and Kombu
Authors: Eric Wei Chiang Chan, Mio Kezuka, Hung Tuck Chan, Siu Kuin Wong
Pages: 687 - 698
Abstract: In this review, the botany, uses, bioactive metabolites, and health-promoting benefits of Undaria pinnatifida (wakame) and Saccharina japonica (kombu) are highlighted. Their clinical evidence is focused on clinical studies conducted in Japan and in other countries. These two species are brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta). In Japan, wakame and kombu seaweeds are popular food items consumed almost daily. Laboratory evidence shows that carotenoids (fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol), polysaccharides (fucoidan) and sterols (fucosterol) are bioactive metabolites in wakame and kombu. Wakame displays antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticoagulant, antiosteoporotic, hepatoprotective, and antiobesity properties. Kombu possesses anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anticancer, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antiobesity, antithrombotic, antiatherosclerosis, renal protective, vascular protective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, gut biota regulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and neuroprotective activities. Clinical evidence on the effects of wakame intake was based on eight studies in Japan and eight studies in other countries. Clinical evidence on the effects of kombu intake was based on five studies in Japan. One case study on kombu dealt with severe alopecia areata. Some areas for future research on wakame and kombu are suggested. Information and data used in this review were from databases such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, J-Stage, PubChem, China Academic Journals, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/30820
- Alpinia zerumbet: A Review of the Chemistry, Quantity, and Pharmacological
Properties of Selected Kavalactones
Authors: Eric Wei Chiang Chan, Mio Kezuka, Hung Tuck Chan, Siu Kuin Wong
Pages: 699 - 709
Abstract: Alpinia zerumbet or shell ginger is a ginger plant with diverse chemical constituents and medicinal and non-medicinal uses. Dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain (DDK) and Dehydrokawain (DK) are two kavalactones (also known as kava pyrones or styrylpyrones) from A. zerumbet. Both DDK and DK have a carbonyl group at C2, a methoxy group at C4, and a double bond at C5 and C6. DK has a double bond at C7 and C8 that is absent in DDK. Quantity of DDK in A. zerumbet can be ranked as rhizome > leaf > flower > stem > seed. The pericarp and seed placenta of the fruit has higher quantity of DDK than the leaf. In most plant parts, the contents of DDK are higher than those of DK. Hispidin (HP) is synthesized from DK by hydrolysis. These three kavalactones from A. zerumbet have the most promising pharmacological properties that include insecticidal, fungicidal, antioxidant, inhibition of enzymes, inhibition of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs), inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), inhibition of LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1), promotion of hair growth, anti-cancer, inhibition of melanogenesis, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, HIV-1 integrase inhibition, neuraminidase inhibition, osteogenic, anti-platelet aggregation, cytoprotective, anti-ulcerative, and singlet oxygen quenching activities. Some fields for further research are suggested. Sources of information in this review were from Google, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, J-Stage, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and PubChem.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32132
- Traditional Medicine — A Gold Mine in the Treatment of Asthma
Authors: Jatin Saini, Avijit Mazumder, Arbaz Khan
Pages: 711 - 725
Abstract: Asthma is one of the chronic respiratory disorder whose incidence and intensity is rising day by day. Globally, this devastating disease affects almost 300 million people. Since ancient times, various plants had already been identified as traditionally and utilized by medical practices for managing asthma in many countries. This goal of the article is to investigate and consolidate information on the ethnomedical applications, phytochemistry, and preparation techniques of frequently used medicinal herbs to treat asthma. With soaring efficiency, the search for new, high-value molecules continue, and there are still many medications with side effects that need to be identified. Phenolics, sterols, and terpenoids, which are a key class of phytoconstituents against asthma are only a few examples of the active compounds against asthma that may be found in medicinal plants. It is advised that further research is required to identify adverse effects, effectiveness, and safety, as well as other factors of anti-asthmatic herbs and standardize herbal treatments.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32318
- The Potential of Herbal Plants and Bioactive β Sitosterol in
Circumventing Alzheimer’s Disease – A Review
Authors: Apoorva Mishra, Saumya Das, Soni Kumari, Anmol Kanda, Vishnu Prabhakar
Pages: 727 - 745
Abstract: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), a neurological ailment, mostly affects the older population all around the world. Rational therapies show limited efficacy, adverse effects, and poor patient compliance therefore herbal drugs are considered as a suitable supplementation to the drug therapy for the treatment of AD. According to research, herbal drugs reduce symptoms of AD and also improve brain functioning by the inhibition of β amyloid, γ-secretase, and acetylcholine along with the regulation of antioxidants and the activation of α-secretase. Various herbal plants like Salvia officinalis, Bertholletia excelsa, Withania somnifera and Urtica dioica help in slowing down the progression of AD by scavenging the free radicals, inhibiting of lipid peroxidation, β amyloid, and tau phosphorylation. β sitosterol, a phytosterol found abundantly in plants has the ability to cross the Blood Brain Barrier and thus acts as a bioactive constituent in circumventing various neurological disorders. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations indicate that β sitosterol shows immunomodulatory, lipid-lowering as well as antioxidant properties. The plant sterol, β sitosterol has the capacity to decrease β amyloid platelet synthesis, indicating that it might be helpful in the treatment of prevention of AD. Treatment with β sitosterol can lessen plaque burden and also enhance spatial learning and recognition ability in patients suffering from AD.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32973
- Profiling of Immunomodulatory Flavonois From Leafy Vegetables Available in
West Bengal - An Overview of Their Mechanism of Action
Authors: Tushar Adhikari, Prerona Saha
Pages: 747 - 761
Abstract: In recent years, the increasing incidence of autoimmune diseases such as cancer and viral diseases including COVID-19 poses a serious problem in terms of prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Various kinds of active immunomodulatory ingredients are one of the main components of the continuous breakthroughs of pharmaceuticals until recent research. Flavonoids are significant phytochemicals that are thought to be principally responsible for plants’ immunomodulation function. These phytochemicals can also serve as a model for the creation of safe and effective immunomodulators as potential treatments for the prevention and treatment of various immune-related disorders. Leafy vegetables give stronger support for human health due to their overlapping nutritional and therapeutic advantages. The goal of the present review was to profile the immunomodulatory flavonoids from the leafy vegetables of West Bengal to support the prevalent immune-related disorders worldwide. The majority of the leafy vegetables with significant immunomodulatory action are outlined, along with their potential mechanisms and quantity of the response flavonoids. The present work will pick the interest of researchers and promote additional studies on these leafy vegetables-based immunomodulation agents as prospective therapies for the treatment the various immune-suppressed disorders in future days.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33026
- Role of Lifestyle Changes and Natural Herbs in the Management of Hepatic
Health
Authors: Archna Singh, Avijit Mazumder, Saumya Das, Anmol Kanda
Pages: 763 - 778
Abstract: Liver ailments are significant contributors to human illness and death globally. The prevalence of liver disorders is increasing owing to the widespread prevalence of hepatitis and alcohol addiction. These conditions can be triggered by infection, trauma, exposure to pharmaceuticals or hazardous substances, autoimmune disorders, or genetic abnormalities resulting in the accumulation of harmful substances. Despite advances in understanding the causes underlying hepatic dysfunction, no standard pharmaceutical therapy is available. The only currently advised option is to make lifestyle changes such as diet, intermittent fasting, and increased physical exercise. However, a lack of compliance continues to impede this strategy. As a result, there is an apparent need to characterize novel therapeutic alternatives. Current advances in the communication between the gut and hepatic tissue open new avenues for better explaining the molecular mechanisms behind the pathology of hepatic illness. Natural bioactive compound research has emerged as an appealing strategy for overcoming lifestyle change resistance. The current study aims to review some of the identified compounds and other herbal approaches with favourable characteristics to hepatic health. This review study discusses their protective properties, mode of action in ameliorating the major pathological events involved in liver disorders, and therapeutic applications.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/34070
- Pharmacological Activities of Gongura (Roselle) Leaf: Recent
Advances
Authors: Sharanabasappa B. Patil, Neha Rao
Pages: 779 - 784
Abstract: Gongura (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is an annual herbaceous plant widely used in folklore practice for its leafy vegetable, belonging to the family Malvaceae. Over the past decade, various pharmaceutical and phytochemical studies of this plant has shown significant outcome, which are currently accepted and used in therapeutics. The presence of organic acids in higher quantity enhances the medicinal value of this plant. Activities observed in the deferent parts of the plant, such as diuretic, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antianemic, and anti-pyreticactivity. Based on the mentioned medicinal significance of H. sabdariffa plant, we planned to review the recent studies of all parts of the plant, their nutritional value, and phytoconstituents.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/29281
- Traditional Indian Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Psoriasis: A
Review of Active Constituents and their Pharmacological Effects
Authors: Dhrubajyoti Sarkar, Soma Das, Pallab Kalita, Bhaskar Jyoti Pathak, Moidul Islam Judder, Kunal Datta, Faruk Alam
Pages: 785 - 790
Abstract: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The use of natural products for the treatment of psoriasis has gained interest due to their potential to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation. Traditional Indian medicinal plants offer a promising source of natural products for the treatment of psoriasis. This article provides a comprehensive review of Indian medicinal plants that have been traditionally used for the treatment of psoriasis, along with their active constituents and reported pharmacological activities. In addition, we discuss the molecular pharmacology of psoriasis and the limitations of current allopathic treatment methods. Finally, we highlight the potential therapeutic effects of individual active constituents found in Indian medicinal plants, with a focus on their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review provides a basis for further research on the use of traditional Indian medicinal plants for the treatment of psoriasis.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33241
- Phytochemical and Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Cognitive Enhancer
Authors: Abhishek Bharti, Kalpna Kashyap, Rutika, Akhil Moudgil, Kundan Singh Bora, Dinesh Kumar
Pages: 791 - 800
Abstract: Memory is the most significant factor in distinguishing one person from another, as it is necessary to recognise one’s own self. The brain can encode, store, and retrieve information using three different types of memory. Individuals who lack these basic forms of memory are unable to create personal relationships, acquire new knowledge, and perform basic everyday duties. Memory refers to a person’s ability to encode, store, retain, and recall knowledge and past events in his or her brain. Memory gives a person the ability to learn from and adapt to previous experiences, as well as the ability to recall previously taught facts, skills, and habits. Today, poor memory, weak recall, and low retention are all typical issues. Memory deteriorates primarily because of stress and exhaustion. Memory loss, often known as age-related memory impairment, is frequent in those over the age of 40. This could be linked to the loss of hormones and proteins (growth factors) that repair brain cells as people get older. Herbs were employed to improve memory power in India throughout ancient times. Indian and Chinese cultures developed many traditional medicines from herbs to treat diminishing cognition, reverse memory loss, and improve learning power. Nootropic herbs are known for their brain-acting herbs and smart medications, which are derived from their isolated ingredients and aid to improve blood circulation in the brain. The focus of this review is on natural agents and herbs that work as memory enhancers. By using one of the herbs at a time, one can improve his or her memory.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/29946
- Oxyresveratrol: A Potential Pharmacological Prospective Against
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Nureesun Mahamud, Acharee Suksuwan, Nareeya Waloh, Kunthira Salae, Rossarin Tansawat, Winai Dahlan
Pages: 801 - 809
Abstract: Oxyresveratrol (OXY) is a polyphenolic compound found in various plants, including the heartwood of Artocarpus lakoocha, mulberry wood, mulberry twigs, and Smilacis chinae rhizome. Numerous reports have highlighted its pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In this review, we specifically focus on the neuroprotective effects of oxyresveratrol in both in vitro and in vivo models. To conduct this review, we adopted a systematic approach and utilized search engines to explore online databases, covering publications from 2000 to 2021. We carefully analyzed the data and synthesized the findings into a comprehensive table and figure. Our review underscores the application of oxyresveratrol in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, with particular emphasis on conditions such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), ischemic strokes, and traumatic brain injury. The findings of our review suggest that oxyresveratrol holds significant promise as a natural compound for the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is important to note that the clinical application of oxyresveratrol is still limited. Consequently, further research is warranted to explore the potential development of innovative health-promoting products utilizing oxyresveratrol, particularly in the context of protecting against neurodegenerative diseases in ageing populations.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31334
- AYUSH in Oral Health and Diseases: An Overview
Authors: B. R. Premalatha, S. Ravindra, Usha Hegde, Vidyadevi Chandavarkar, Mithilesh N. Mishra, R. Sangeetha
Pages: 811 - 823
Abstract: "AYUSH” is an abbreviated form for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. These are the indigenous complementary and alternative medical practices used in India. Oral diseases are significant global health ailments and greatly influence the general life quality. Compromised oral health is connected with numerous systemic chronic diseases. Oral healthcare professionals face many challenges in the management of dental conditions. It is essential for oral healthcare professionals to be abreast of Complementary and Alternative Medicine modalities, as there is a growing need for the amalgamation of these traditional systems with conventional, science-based Dentistry for the holistic management of oral diseases. The present paper highlights the AYUSH medicine systems that can be comprehensively integrated into modern oral healthcare.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31848
- Single Herbs and Diet Propagated by Classical Ayurvedic Texts for
Improving ‘Gut Health’ as Indicated in Grahani (Irritable Bowel
Syndrome) - A Review
Authors: M. Sujithra, M. G. Minsha
Pages: 825 - 829
Abstract: ‘Gut’ is being referred to as ‘second brain’ as the role played by the gut is very crucial to health. In continuation, the gut microbiome is a part of gut health. Diet plays an important role in maintaining the healthy microbiome. A close correlation to gut health is found to Grahani mentioned in Ayurveda. The word ‘Grahani’ is used to specify the organ ‘Grahani’ correlated as duodenum and the disease ‘Grahani’ whose clinical presentation of alternating frequent watery bowels, and constipation blood-stained stools can be correlated to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). This disease is attributed to the pathology of the Annavaha srotas (channels carrying the food and the related organs). Even with medical intervention, Ahara (food) is to be planned with utmost care and sensitivity. In Grahani, the treatments and diet prescribed are meant for the healing and recovery of the alimentary tract, they are inclusive of the gut microbiome also. Hence a literature review of the Brhatrayis - the three major classical textbooks in Ayurveda: Charaka Samhita, Susruta Samhita and Ashtanga Sangraha and Hrdaya were reviewed for the single herbs and diet recommendations in Grahani. Articles supporting this fact from modern pharmacology were added as supporting documents. No review has been done so far exploring into the depths of the Ayurvedic Samhitas regarding the single herbs and diet mentioned to address gastric ailments thus relating to the gut and gut health. This article aims at filling this lacuna.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32083
- Identification of Quercetin, Kaempferol and Luteolin from Methanolic
Extract of Corchorus depressus and its Pre-Clinical Wound Healing
Authors: Khuntia Tapas Kumar, U. N. Nanda, A. K. Senapati, A. K. Mohanty
Pages: 831 - 856
Abstract: Corchorus depressus Linn. (Tiliaceae) has been extensively utilized in Odisha, India, and is considered sacred and religious in addition to being used in Pakistan, Baluchistan, and Sind for ethnopharmacological purposes. Ethno-pharmacological claims and lack of sufficient scientific data with respect to the wound-healing activity of the plant encouraged us to the preparation of herbal formulation and its evaluation against wound-healing models with the identification of the phytoconstituents present in the plant extract. The physiochemical properties of the plant like ash value, the preliminary phytochemical screening, the HPLC, HPTLC, FTIR analysis, and the dermal toxicity of the methanolic extract were carried out using standard methods. A stability study was conducted on the prepared ointment formulations. With the help of in vivo excision, incision, dead-space wound, mice-burn model, and along with in vitro stimulation of Interleukin-10 models, the wound healing potential was evaluated. The granulation tissue was collected for nitric oxide estimation and histopathological analysis. The tensile strength of the granuloma tissue and hydroxyproline content were estimated using standard methods. The methanolic extract ointment resulted in a steady contraction of wounds with time and caused significant inhibition in the level of nitric oxide in the scar tissue and aggregation of macrophages in histological examination. The incision model showed a significant (381.33±4.58, p<0.05) increase in the tensile strength of granuloma tissue when compared to the control (156.5±5.75). The dead space wound model demonstrated that the plant extract significantly increased (75.43±2.97, p<0.001) hydroxyproline content against the control. Methanolic extract ointment caused significant wound healing and reduced epithelialization time in the mice burn model from the 12th day till the 24th day as compared to the negative control. Observations of hematological and serum biochemical changes in the dermal toxicity study suggested that the herbal extracts are safe for use topically. In the accelerated stability study, there were no marks of physical instability in the prepared ointment. IR spectral analysis was successfully used to detect flavanones like Luteolin and flavonol such as Quercetin and Kaempferol in methanolic extract. The present findings provide scientific evidence that the plant Corchorus depressus Linn. (Tiliaceae) displayed wound healing activity, corroborating its traditional use by the Tribals of Odisha and the Indian system of medicine.
PubDate: 2023-07-10
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/28395
- Efficacy of Polyherbal Formulation (Phalatrikadi Vati) in the Management
of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through Metabolic Correction – A Clinical
Study
Authors: Vijayalaxmi B. Benakatti, Mallamma Biradar, S. Srihari, K. B. Jyothy
Pages: 857 - 862
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide; its incidents have grown notably in recent years. Over the last 50 years, lifestyle changes have led to a dramatic increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes around the world. India has been projected as the diabetic capital of the world. Diabetes and its complications pose a major threat to future public health resources throughout the world and are the major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke, and lower limb amputation. In the southern part of India, the mortality rate due to diabetes mellitus is in fifth rank amongst the ten vital causes of death. Despite recent advances in knowledge, preventing and controlling diabetes remain a major challenge. So the present study has focused on the disease pathogenesis and its regulation through Polyherbal formulation (Phalatrikadi Vati). Objectives: To determine the efficacy of Polyherbal formulation in reducing the subjective complaints in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by metabolic corrections and thereby controlling the blood glucose level in the body. Methods: A single arm open labeled trial with 1 month in duration. Participants: 25 patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 with diagnosed, high fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar levels. 500mg tablet was given in twice a day after food. Results: A total of 30 patients enrolled in the study and 25 patients completed the treatment. Significant relief of 68% in polyuria, 56% in urine turbidity, 84% in polyphagia, and 76% in polydipsia seen. There was a highly significant reduction in FBS with a mean difference of 31.84 mg and PPBS with a mean difference of 63.92 mg. Conclusion: The polyherbal formulation is a safe intervention and can be expected to reduce the symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and blood sugar levels. Future studies with larger sample sizes, longer duration of intervention and follow up needed for more accurate and reliable results.
PubDate: 2023-07-28
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/29166
- Enhancing the Shelf Life of Psidium guajava during Post Harvesting storage
by Coating with Cinnamomum verum Formulations
Authors: E. Selva Subramanian, Ruchita Aggarwal, R Kavyashree, Nibedita Dey, Shivaji Bole, Neena Aloysious, C. Kamatchi
Pages: 863 - 870
Abstract: Guava is a nutritious fruit that could decompose during storage. In this study, (GCE F1 and GCPE F2) two formulations of cinnamon extract, Guar gum, and glycerol coating were prepared. The guavas (Psidium guajava L.) were selected at the stage of maturity and coated with formulations along with controls such as water and sodium benzoate. Further physiological and biochemical attributes of the quality of guava fruits were analyzed during the storage at 4°C for 5, 10 and 15 days. The results revealed that the coated guavas (GCE F1) exhibited a significant reduction in weight and firmness, low pH, and reduced usage of organic acids which contributes to high TA values, less sugar content, high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, with less microbial growth during the storage period. Further, the presence of bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of cinnamon was identified by GCMS and cytotoxicity analysis confirmed no toxic effect on L929 cell lines. The results suggest that compared to coated guavas of GCPE F2, water, and sodium benzoate, GCE F1 exhibited superior quality and enhanced shelf life during post-harvest storage.
PubDate: 2023-07-10
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/30054
- A Validated HPTLC Method for Quantification of Linoleic Acid and
Beta-Sitosterol in Solanum nigrum Extract
Authors: Arpan Chakraborty, Arka Bhattacharjee, Baishakhi Mondal, Manas Chakraborty, Goutam Mukhopadhyay, Alpana Majumder, Maitrish Ghosh
Pages: 871 - 878
Abstract: Solanum nigrum, a member of the Solanaceae family, has long been used as both food and medicine. This plant has been recognized for its immunomodulatory, anti-ulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. It contains various chemical components such as alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, proteins, carbohydrates, glycosides, and phytosterols. The objective of the current work was to create a repeatable and consistent HPTLC-validated technique for concurrently detecting Beta-Sitosterol (BTS) and Linoleic Acid (LIA) in S. nigrum in accordance with ICH recommendations. The HPTLC process involved using silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates as the stationary phase and a mobile phase consisting of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and formic acid in a ratio of 6:4:0.2 (v/v/v). The resulting bands were uniformly visualized after derivatization with anisaldehyde sulfuric acid. The calibration curves of standard LIA and BTS exhibited satisfactory linearity within concentration ranges of 400-1150 ng/spot and 350-1200 ng/spot, respectively, with correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.99153 and 0.99389. LOD and LOQ were determined as 91.96 and 118.14 ng/spot for LIA, and 278.66 and 314.62 ng/spot for BTS, respectively. In conclusion, this HPTLC method proved to be efficient, simple, precise, and reproducible for measuring LIA and BTS in S. nigrum.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33964
- The Effect of Sira Vedha (Phlebotomy) at Right Elbow Joint in the
Management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - Randomized Controlled
Clinical Trial
Authors: Gaurav Sawarkar, Priti Desai, Punam Sawarkar
Pages: 879 - 890
Abstract: Introduction: Sushruta stated that Sira Vedha (phlebotomy) at Right Elbow Joint was used as a cure for Liver Diseases. Modern science is likewise on the same page as phlebotomy treatment for some liver illnesses, although the specific location for phlebotomy has not been specified. Similarly, there is diversity in the amount of blood extracted and the time length, with each research study recommending a different amount to be removed and the gap between two sessions. Both of the previously listed things are mentioned in the context of Ayurveda. Nonetheless, due to a lack of clinical proof, it cannot be practiced reliably in normal exercise. As a result, clinical proof for liver illnesses is required to confirm Sushruta’s theory. Methodology: 111 eligible patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Grade I/II were randomly assigned to the control (group A) or trial (group B) groups in the pilot research (group B). After obtaining written informed permission, blood samples from each patient were collected for LFT and lipid profile testing. The patients in Group A were then just counseled to make dietary changes. Group B patients underwent dietary changes as well as Sira Vedha (phlebotomy) with 65 cc blood three times in 15 days. Checked hemoglobin before each phlebotomy for safety considerations before discontinuing the patient. The blood sample was taken before enrollment in the study and after the final follow-up, which was on the 60th day. Results: The serum results from the first and last follow-ups were compared. This study found that group B considerably improved in liver enzymes and lipid profile (P<0.050) when compared to group A. As a result, we may infer that phlebotomy can enhance liver enzymes and lipid profiles in NAFLD patients.
PubDate: 2023-07-28
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/30616
- Apium graveolens Aqueous Extract Reduced Cardiovascular Diseases and
Inflammatory Biomarkers Expression in High-Fat Diet-Fed BALB/C Mice
Authors: Casterland Marbaniang, Rajeshwar Nath Sharan, Lakhon Kma
Pages: 891 - 921
Abstract: Background and Aims: Cardiovascular disease prevention has always been a high goal. The goal of this study is to investigate if Apium graveolens has any influence on cardiovascular disease risk factors, biomarkers, and inflammatory biomarkers in male BALB/c mice that have been given a high-fat diet. Methods: Apium graveolens aqueous extract was given to male BALB/c mice, and they were either fed a standard pellet or a diet composed of cholesterol (0.15%), sodium cholate (0.5%), and pure coconut oil (21%) for 12 weeks. Serum fasting glucose, a lipid profile, liver function tests, and cardiac indicators were used to evaluate the extract’s anti-dyslipidemic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective characteristics. Antioxidant enzyme markers in tissues were also evaluated. To evaluate inflammatory and CVD biomarkers in cardiac tissue, RT-qPCR and ELISA were used. An unpaired t-test assessed group differences. P < 0.05 showed significance. Results: The HFD control group exhibited considerably higher levels of blood glucose, lipid profile, hepatic indicators, inflammatory and cardiac markers, and lower levels of HDL-C and antioxidant enzymes. When administered orally, an aqueous extract of Apium graveolens significantly reduced blood glucose levels. Serum lipids and liver indicators returned to nearnormal levels. In addition to a considerable reduction in MDA levels, treated mice showed a large increases in catalase and reduced glutathione activities. Inflammatory and cardiovascular disease biomarker expression was reduced in the extract-treated groups. Conclusions: Apium graveolens consumption may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disorders.
PubDate: 2023-07-10
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/30648
- Computational Analysis Depicting Potency of Phytochemicals to Target MAPK
Signalling Pathway in Breast Cancer
Authors: Acharya Balkrishna, Sagar Kumar, Purushottam Hazari, Rashmi Sahu, Vedpriya Arya
Pages: 923 - 936
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer has caused significant mortality among women worldwide. A comprehensive analysis of the disease indicated that MAPK signalling pathways are primarily involved in cell proliferation and have substantially induced drug resistance amongst the diseased individuals and henceforth may be considered a potential drug target to combat the disease. Methods: Phytochemicals obtained from medicinal plants were evaluated for their efficacy to target MAPK by molecular docking and were compared with synthetic analogues available in the market to target the disease. The stability of complexes was determined using MD Simulation, and interaction energy was calculated. Ligand binding pockets of interaction were also depicted along with the computation of RMSD. Results: Withanolide belonging to Withania somnifera exhibited the highest BA at both 35 × 57 × 38 Å and 33 × 41 × 41 Å sites of MAPK. Withanolide showed a BA of -10.2 Kcal/mol in comparison to AL8697 and Ralimetinib mesylate, which represented BA of -8.5 and -8.0 Kcal/mol, respectively. The Withanolide- MAPK complex showed stable conformation during MD Simulation. RMSD value for Withanolide was found to be the least, thereby indicating the least fluctuations during the interactions. Conclusion: The present study unveiled that Withanolide may emerge as a potential drug candidate to target MAPK signalling pathway in breast cancer.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31321
- Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity Studies of a Siddha Medicine Ganthaga Mezhugu
by Oral Administration in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: G. J. Christian, P. Shanmugapriya, S. Elansekaran, T. Subathra, R. Meenakumari
Pages: 937 - 947
Abstract: Psoriasis, a chronic auto-immune skin disease, is troubling 1-3 % of the world population with a 0.44-2.8% prevalence rate in India affecting more males than females. It is considered a dermatologist’s menace as it is challenging to treat the condition. Siddha, one of the traditional systems of medicine practised more in South India, includes a wide range of medicines that are used to treat or manage various ailments, including psoriasis. One such medicine is Ganthaga Mezhugu (GM) used in treating skin diseases like psoriasis. This present study deals with the evaluation of the safety of GM as per the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidelines 423 and 407 in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. In the Acute Toxicity study, SD female rats were grouped into five, in which Groups I and II received elemental Sulphur in two different doses, Groups III and IV received Sulphur ‘purified’ with two different Siddha processes and Group V received GM (2000mg/kg b.wt.). In the subacute toxicity study, SD rats of both sexes were grouped into six in which Group 1 served as vehicle control, Groups 2, 3, and 4 as low, mid, and high dose groups and the last two (Groups 5 and 6) as satellite control and satellite high-dose groups. In the acute study, no mortality, toxic signs or any gross pathological changes were noted. Hence, the LD50 value of GM was found to be greater than 2000mg/kg b.wt. In the sub-acute toxicity study, no mortality or morbidity occurred. There was a gradual increase in body weight with normal food and water intake indicating normalcy in its metabolism. There were no significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters, serum electrolytes and gross pathology. Also, no pathological changes were found in the histopathology of organs in treated animals when compared with control group animals. Based on the results, regarding the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of chemicals, GM can be classified as Category−5, which implies its safety for human consumption. Moreover, the results of the sub-acute study also confirm the safety of GM up to the dose of 400mg/kg b.wt.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31703
- The Efficacy of Narasimha Rasayana in Reducing Testosterone
Deficiency in Adult Males
Authors: Aparna Mohan, K. Sreejith, Mahesh C. Kundagol, James Chacko, Devipriya Soman
Pages: 949 - 955
Abstract: Introduction: Testosterone deficiency is defined as the clinical condition characterized by deficient production of testicular testosterone resulting in various symptoms pertaining to somatic, psychologic and sexual domains. This condition was identified as a Vāta-Pitta Pradhana Avastha where the vitiated Vāta and Pitta Dōṣās take Sthana Samsraya in the Viguna Śukravāhasrōtas resulting in Śukra Kshaya along with its functional impairment causing symptoms involving both Sarīra and Manas. Methodology: This was a pre and post-test single group clinical study conducted in 20 male patients in the age group 30 to 60 years having AMS (Aging Males Symptom) score between 27 and 49 and serum total testosterone (TT) level below 450 ng/dL. The treatment protocol adopted was Pācana Dīpana with Aṣṭacūrṇa; Abhyantara Snēhana with Kalyāṇaka Ghṛta; Sarvānga Abhyanga (Tila Taila) and Bāṣpa Swēda; Kōṣṭ aśuddhi with Gandharvahasta Ēranda Taila and Rasāyana Prayōga with Nārasimha Rasāyana for 30 days. After completion of the study, the results were statistically analysed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Result and Discussion: The mean total AMS Score reduced from 36 to 22.9, with a considerable reduction in somatic (14.2 to 9.45), psychological (12 to 7.4) and sexual subscales (9.65 to 6.05). The mean serum total testosterone value improved from 321.985 ng/dL to 399.839 ng/dL. Here, the treatment protocol was targeted at improving the Śukra Sārata by removing the Śukravāha Sṛotōvigunyam. The drugs in Nārasimha Rasāyana having action at levels of Agni, Sṛōtas and Dhātu, along with the specific affinity of the formulation towards the Śukravāha Srōtas ameliorated this condition by improving the physical, psychological, immunological and sexual domains in the individual. Conclusion: This treatment protocol helped in a correction the somatic, psychological and sexual symptoms in the individual with TD along with improving testosterone values with a statistical significance of p-value <0.05.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31784
- Application of Quality Risk Assessment and Design of Experiment in
Optimizing Chromatographic Method for Estimation of Total Sarsasapogenin
from the Roots of Asparagus racemosus Wild
Authors: Hardi Shah, Priyanka Patel, Samir Patel, Manan Raval
Pages: 957 - 976
Abstract: The roots of the plant Asparagus racemosus (Wild) (family: Liliaceae) are used alone as a lactogenic and general tonic or incorporated as a major ingredient in many herbal and Ayurveda formulations. Shatavarin glycosides containing sarsasapogenin as aglycone were found bioactive, and present in predominantly higher amount. The experiments were planned to develop an analytical method for estimation of total sarsasapogenin from the extract using HPTLC, through a systematic approach after identifying the potential failure modes, termed as critical process parameters to achieve the analytical target profile. The associated risks were mitigated by studying the combined effect of the critical process parameters on area, Rf, and tailing factor corresponding to the sarsasapogenin peak, assigned as critical method attributes. The optimization studies were carried out through Design of Experiment approach and process parameters were finalized to achieve analytical target profile. The developed method could resolve the peak of sarsasapogenin from the hydrolyzed methanolic extract prepared from the root powder using silica gel-backed pre-coated aluminum plates. The optimized mobile phase was Hexane:Ethyl acetate:Formic acid (7.0:1.9:0.35, v/v/v); the plates were subjected to post-chromatographic derivatization using 5% v/v hydrochloric acid solution, and heating of the plats for 3 min at 110˚C. The chromatogram was recorded by scanning the plates in TLC scanner using fluorescence mode at 366 nm. The developed analytical method was found to yield linear response in the range of 40-280 ng/spot. The limit of quantification was determined to be 35.88 ng/spot. The method was found selective, accurate, and robust. The amount of sarsasapogenin was found to be determined using the developed method and found to be 2.31% w/w on dried weight basis from the dried root powder. This is the first report of a systematic approach in estimating sarsasapogenin from Asparagus sp.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31865
- Assessment of Chemical Constituents of Allium sativum Essential Oil
Extracted by using Hydrodistillation Technique and their Pharmacological
Potential
Authors: Kusum Sharma, Veena Sharma
Pages: 977 - 992
Abstract: The current study was based on identification of chemical components and pharmacological potential of Allium sativum essential oil. The pharmacological properties mainly antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potential of Allium sativum Essential Oil (ASEO) were also studied. Allium sativum is a traditional medicinal plant of the Alliaceae family. The extracted essential oil from fresh bulbs of Allium sativum through hydro distillation process was further analyzed by GC-MS. To determine the potential of Allium sativum essential oil for reducing inflammation and preventing diabetes, evaluation of antioxidant assays, protein denaturation and glucose absorption by yeast cells were studied. The results explained the presence of several organosulfur compounds that were identified by using different combinations of non-polar solvents mainly represented as Diallyldisulfide, Methyl Allyl Disulfide, Methyl Allyl Trisulfide, Diallyltrisulfide and Diallyltetrasulfide. The antioxidant potential of ASEO expressed as IC50 values of DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene assay, Nitric Oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl scavenging and metal chelating were 5.93 mg/ml, 2.1 mg/ml, 7.94 mg/ml, 5.49 μg/ml, 11.55 μg/ml, 7.66 μg/ml and 10.60 μg/ ml respectively. Further, total phenolic level, total flavonoid level, FRAP assay and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated and they were as follows: 4.99 ± 0.41 mg GAE/g, 98.46 ± 0.16 mg QE/g, 4.99 ± 0.26 mg/g and 15.80 ± 0.14 mg/g. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory assay was assessed by considering the protein denaturation method which exhibits IC50 value 3.53μg/ml. In addition to this, anti-diabetic potential was assessed by considering glucose absorption by yeast cells at various glucose concentrations (5mM, 10mM, 25mM) which indicated that the ASEO enhanced glucose uptake via the yeast cell membrane. Upregulation of glucose was reported with sequential elevations in the ASEO concentration. Based on the above results, it was revealed that Allium sativum essential oil exhibits reasonable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity that could be considered as an alternative therapeutic agent in inflammatory diseases. However, future research is required to isolate prominent functional components to determine the observed potential in preclinical studies.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32468
- Study of Effect of Panchgavya Ghrit - A Snehik Nasya in Vatika Shiroroga
(Shirashool) - An Interventional Study
Authors: Dhanashree Ravekar, Madhumati Nawkar, Dnyanesh Joshi, Bhushan Mhaiskar
Pages: 993 - 998
Abstract: Introduction: In Ayurveda, diseases related to Urdhvajatrugata and their Chikitsa have a special reference in classical texts. Among all Shirorogas, Shirashool (headache) is having prime importance as it affects the individual’s lifestyle and daily activities. Transmucosal routes of drug delivery (i.e., the mucosal linings of the oral, nasal, rectal, vaginal, and ocular cavities) offer distinct advantages over per-oral administration for systemic effect. Nasal drug delivery has been used since ancient times for therapeutic and recreational purposes. In Charak Chikitsa Sthan 26, it has been exclusively mentioned that Snehan, Swedan and Nasya as the best treatment for Vaatik Shirashool. Aim and Objective: To study the efficacy of Panchagavya Ghrit in Vataj Shirorog. To study the mode of action of Panchagavya Ghrit Pratimarsha Nasya in the same. Materials and Methods: 40 patients of Vaatik Shirashool were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and symptoms based on classical symptoms in Ayurved Samhitas and evaluated based on subjective parameters. Sneha in the form of Panchagavya Ghrita was given to patients as Pratimarsha Nasya for 30 days. Follow-up was taken on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th of the study. Observation and Results: Observations were categorised and analysed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results in all symptoms, i.e., pain (site, type, duration, frequency) (p=<0.05) and associated symptoms (p=<0.05) were found significant. Conclusion: Hence, Panchagavya Ghrita as Pratimarsha Nasya was found effective in Vaatik Shirashool. Neck stiffness and pulsating sensation were found most occurring symptoms along with vertigo. Hence, we can correlate Vaatik Shirashool with cervical spondylitis. Hence, Panchagavya Ghrita may be found effective in cervical spondylitis also.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33121
- Identification and Quantification of Kaempferol From Ethyl Acetate
Fraction of Pluchea wallichiana DC Leaves
Authors: Kinjal Bera, Madhavi Patel
Pages: 999 - 1008
Abstract: P. wallichiana DC, commonly known as camphor weed, is practically used in treatment of inflammatory disorders. Identification of kaempferol was done using High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HRLC-MS). High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method was performed and validated for the quantification of kaempferol. With a correlation coefficient of 0.997, the linearity range for kaempferol was 200 to 700 ng/spot. The suggested method had a recovery rate between 99.60 and 99.85 %. Limit of detection and Limit of quantification were determined to be 25 and 76.47 ng per spot, respectively. The amount of kaempferol was found to be 7.2% in ethyl acetate fraction of leaves. This is the first report of identification and quantification of kaempferol from P. wallichiana DC through HRLC-MS and HPTLC methods.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33208
- Quercetin Mitigates Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1
Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ankita Desai, Hital Shah, Anjali Patel, Tejal R. Gandhi
Pages: 1009 - 1024
Abstract: A severe diabetic complication, diabetic nephropathy, progresses to terminal kidney disease. A chronic hyperglycemia-related excess of reactive oxygen species results in the advancement of diabetes complications. Through streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats, the present study investigated Quercetin’s renoprotective effect by upregulating nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to cope with oxidative stress. During eight weeks study, daily food-water and weekly body weight were evaluated while biochemical, antioxidant parameters and genetic expression (Nrf2, Hemeoxygenease-1, Nuclear factor kappa B, Interlukin-6, and Caspase-3) were assessed at the end. The outcomes were interpreted using ANOVA, and the significance was determined using Dunnett’s test. Quercetin treatment for eight weeks significantly controlled hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and downregulated inflammatory activators NFκB, IL-6, and Caspase-3. The significant upregulation of Nrf2 gene expression reduced oxidative damage by promoting Antioxidant response elements and initiating downstream cascade (HO-1 and antioxidant enzymes). The results are supported by histopathology. Experimental evidence suggests that Quercetin can fight metabolic disorders and their related microvascular diseases by activating Nrf2.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33313
- Formulation Development and Evaluation of a Polyherbal Suspension
Containing Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum and Azadirachta indica with
Improved Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: R. S. Shivarkar, S. B. Bhise, V. Rama Mohan Gupta, N. S. Kulkarni, M. C. Upadhye
Pages: 1025 - 1034
Abstract: A lack of global political will to mobilise resource to fight tuberculosis is major challenge in ending tuberculosis. The polyherbal formulations are best alternative, as they are economic, environmentally friendly and easily available than modern drugs. In present study, a polyherbal suspension with extracts of C. longa, A. indica and O. sanctum was developed and characterized. The developed suspension was found satisfactory with respect to odour, colour, taste, pourability, pH, viscosity, zero microbial count, particle size, percentage ease of disposability, aesthetic characteristic, sedimentation, zeta potential and does not show the crystal growth, polyherbal formulation exhibited significantly inhibited the growth of H37Rv and MIC is also comparable to those of standard agents.
PubDate: 2023-07-28
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33332
- Phytoconstituents Loaded Liposomes Fabricated Based on Box Behnken Design
for Metabolic Syndrome: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization
Authors: Puja Bhavsar, Lalit Lata Jha, Kinjal Bera, Shraddha Patel
Pages: 1035 - 1052
Abstract: The global use of secondary metabolites like flavonoids, plant sterols, and alkaloids has been increasing due to their therapeutic benefits and fewer side effects compared to modern medicines. However, despite promising in vitro results, many herbal drugs and extracts demonstrate limited effectiveness in vivo due to their low lipid solubility and poor bioavailability. To address this issue, novel formulation strategies, particularly lipid-based delivery systems, are being proposed as carriers to enhance their bioavailability. This study focuses on the pharmaceutical development of liposomes that encapsulate three phytoconstituents, namely quercetin, berberine, and phytosterol, using the Quality by Design (QbD) concept. The Ishikawa diagram was utilized to identify the key factors affecting formulation quality, and the statistical experiment design concept was employed to optimize these factors. The liposomes were designed using the screening with the Placket-Burman approach and further optimized using the Box-Behnken method. The optimized liposomes exhibited an ideal size and achieved high entrapment efficiencies of 80.6%, 81.3%, and 80.35% for quercetin, berberine, and phytosterol, respectively. These liposomes were prepared using Phospholipon 90 G and cholesterol through the thin film hydration method. The resulting liposomes were thoroughly characterized and evaluated for morphology, % drug release, pharmacodynamic investigation, and stability studies.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33735
- Therapeutic Influence of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis against Aluminum
Chloride-induced Impairment in Wistar Rats
Authors: Vishnu Prabhakar, Avijit Mazumder, Saumya Das, Anmol Kanda, Tanya Singh
Pages: 1053 - 1060
Abstract: Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurological illness that causes cognitive decline and memory loss. The identification of potential therapeutic agents with neuroprotective properties is of great interest in AD research. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in an aluminium chloride-induced dementia model in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis plant specimens were collected, and ethanolic extract was prepared using standard extraction procedures. Four groups of Wistar rats were formed: control, aluminium chloride-induced dementia, extract-treated, and standard drug-treated groups. Neurobehavioral changes were measured using the elevated plus maze test and Hebb’s William apparatus. Plasma levels of amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) were measured. A histopathological examination of brain tissues was conducted to assess structural changes. Results: The ethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects in the aluminium chloride-induced dementia model. Treatment with the extract improved neurobehavioral changes associated with memory impairment and improved learning and memory performance in the Hebb’s William apparatus and elevated plus maze. Moreover, the extract significantly reduced plasma levels of Aβ1-42, indicating its potential as an anti-Alzheimer’s agent p < 0.001. Histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in neuronal damage and restoration of normal brain tissue architecture in the extract-treated group. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis exhibits neuroprotective activity in an aluminium chloride-induced dementia model in Wistar rats. The extract improves neurobehavioral changes related to memory, decreases plasma levels of Aβ1-42, and ameliorates histopathological alterations in the brain.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/34092
- Screening of Neuroprotective Action of Hydroethanolic Extract of Leaf of
Clematis buchananiana in Diabetic-Induced Neuropathy
Authors: Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Avijit Mazumder, Rajnish Kumar
Pages: 1061 - 1073
Abstract: Diabetic neuropathy is the most dangerous complication of diabetes which is very difficult to treat. Diagnosis in the early stage prevents worse outcomes of the illness. Determine the pharmacological effect of hydroethanolic extract of Clematis buchananiana leaves was investigated and screened for determination of neuroprotective effect in diabetic-induced neuropathy using Wistar rats. Streptozotocin normally induces diabetes within 3 days. The destruction of the beta cells present in the pancreatic gland leads to diabetes. The confirmation of diabetes was done with the help of a glucometer. The experimental models used for the assessment of analgesic activity in Wistar albino rats included the tail immersion method and acetic acid-induced writhing method. After completion of the research study, it was found that the animals treated with standard drug (Gabapentin, 100 mg/kg) had maximum analgesic action, followed by a higher dose of hydroethanolic extract of Clematis buchananiana leaf (HEELCB, 400 mg/kg). The major observation was that hydroethanolic extract of Clematis buchananiana has significant analgesic action and it validates the traditional claim of the plant as an analgesic agent.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/34111
- The Role of Ayurveda Kshara Karma in the Management of
Keloid: A Case Study
Authors: H. Adiga Shripathi, Hebbar Krishna Raghava, S. Adiga Ramya
Pages: 1075 - 1080
Abstract: Keloids, the benign dermal fibro-proliferative nodular lesions, which often tend to cause socio-economic and psycho-somatic stress pose a major challenge to clinicians till date. Apprehending and analyzing keloids under the concept of Vranagranthi described in the ancient science of Ayurveda and amalgamating the therapeutic principles explained in the classics can emerge as a ray of hope in the condition. Kshara karma (chemical cauterization) is an important para-surgical procedure which can be effectively incorporated into the treatment of wounds, Keloids and hypertrophic scars. An 18-year-old client who presented with overgrowth of scar tissue at the right anterolateral part of the chest region was treated at the OPD of the Division of Ayurveda, MAHE, Manipal. Kshara karma, which included the painting of Teekshna Apamarga kshara (ashes of Achyranthes aspera) for a duration of 100 Matra kala (approximately 2 mins), in two sittings brought about total regression of the Vranagranthi and the associated symptoms. No signs of recurrence were noticed during the follow-ups. Thus, Kshara karma can emerge as a promising solution in the stress-filled life of Keloid patients.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/28923
- Holistic Approach Toward Senile Dementia with Ayurveda – A
Case Report
Authors: Mayuri Deshpande, Amol Deshpande
Pages: 1081 - 1086
Abstract: Neurological problems are a burning issue in today’s Era. The brain is that vital organ which makes humans unique from other living beings. It is the site of all the intellectual powers humans have. Memory is an important aspect of this intellectual property. It gives us protection from harmful things. Here is a case of mild cognitive impairment. The patient, 68 years old came with his son to OPD with loss of memory for 2 years. He used to forget his meals, and juices from taking on time. He used to forget the flame of burners. He used to repeat the same phrases after a fraction of the time. The patient had taken many medicines, but the condition got worse. He felt sleepy and drowsy all day. The patient was well-oriented to time and place. The Mini-mental scale examination score of this patient was 22. This patient was treated with a holistic approach. Holistic means to treat all aspects of the patient. The patient was advised to take internal medicine (Shatavari Ghanavati), meditation, counselling, and diet. The internal medication was given for three months. Counselling was done every fortnight. The patient was advised to do meditation on a daily basis. Some food regimes were advised to the patient. Then after the complete course of medicine. The Mini-mental scale examination was performed, and the score was 25 which was satisfactory for that patient. The herbal medicine along with other aspects of surviving healthy life helped this patient to live normally.
PubDate: 2023-07-28
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/29929
- A Case Study of Suttigai (Thermal Cauterization) in the Management of
Mugavatham (Bell’s Palsy)
Authors: R. Keerthika, D. Periyasami, M. V. Mahadevan, V. Mahalakshmi, P. Samundeswari, N. J. Muthukumar
Pages: 1087 - 1094
Abstract: Bell’s palsy (Mugavatham) is a unilateral lower motor neuron facial paralysis of acute onset. Suttigai (Thermal cauterization) provides prompt relief. This study aims to establish the efficacy of Suttigai therapy in the management of Mugavatham. A 35-year-old male patient diagnosed with right-sided facial paralysis was treated with Suttigai therapy. The “House and Breckmann” assessment scale was used to evaluate the case. After the Suttigai therapy, the scale rating improved from grade IV to grade I. The asymmetry of the face and the motor functions significantly improved as a result. The efficacy of Suttigai treatment for the management of Mugavatham is successful with immediate relief. Hence more and more efforts are needed to optimize the treatment and utilization of Suttigai therapy in the management of Mugavatham.
PubDate: 2023-07-03
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/32444
- Combining Tradition and Technology: Ayurvedic Preconception Care Paves the
Way for In Vitro Fertilisation Success — A Case Report
Authors: C. M. Manjula, S. Atheena, Hemavathi Shivapura Krishnarajabhatt, Parvathy Unnikrishnan, Anjaly Muraleedharan
Pages: 1095 - 1100
Abstract: Infertility is a critical issue that affects a staggering 186 million people worldwide, with a prevalence ranging from 9-18 % of the general population. For many couples, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) represents their last hope for starting a family. However, in the event of treatment failure, it becomes a significant source of physical and emotional distress, exacerbating the already challenging experience of infertility. This case study highlights a 32-year old woman diagnosed with primary infertility who had been unable to conceive, even after undergoing conventional fertility treatments, including multiple Assisted Reproductive Technology procedures. She presented with symptoms of hot flushes, nausea, and irritability, which persisted following repeated cycles of ovulation induction. Upon further assessment using Ayurvedic principles, she was diagnosed with Anapathya Vandhya. Following a course of Ayurvedic preconception care, the patient experienced significant relief from her symptoms and successfully conceived through in vitro fertilization in a subsequent cycle. With its focus on holistic, personalized care, Ayurvedic preconception care can be a valuable complementary option for individuals to optimize their reproductive potential and achieve their dream of starting a family, including those who are pursuing Assisted Reproductive Technology. This case of primary infertility reports the success of In Vitro Fertilization after Ayurvedic preconception care, demonstrating the potential benefits of integrating traditional medicine with modern fertility treatments.
PubDate: 2023-07-10
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33425
- Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Stem Extract of Citrullus
colocynthis, Characterization and Evaluation of its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: K. Suganya, Rajeswary Hari, Priya Chokkalinagam
Pages: 1101 - 1106
Abstract: In the current investigation, an attempt is made to synthesize and characterize the Citrullus colocynthis stem extract loaded Zinc Oxide Nano Particles (ZnONP-Cc) and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of the same. The synthesis of ZnONP-Cc was carried out and the characterization in terms of UV-Spectrum, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrum, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis were done. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the ZnONP-Cc were evaluated using the established protocol. In the UV-Spectrum significant SPR peak was observed at 350 nm and FT-IR spectrum exhibited several biomolecules with their chemical entities. Through XRD method, the zinc oxide nanoparticles Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) structure was confirmed. The SEM and TEM confirm the synthesized nanoparticles were round and oval shape with size ranging from 10 - 20 nm. The ZnONP-Cc possess significant antimicrobial activity against wound pathogens and it was found to be non-toxic to the Brine shrimp nauplii. In conclusion, the synthesized ZnONP-Cc can be exploited in nanomedicine since it has antimicrobial activity without any toxicity.
PubDate: 2023-07-28
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/28934
- In Silico Pharmacokinetic and Molecular Docking Studies of Natural Plants
against Essential Protein KRAS for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Marsha Mariya Kappan, Joby George
Pages: 1107 - 1123
Abstract: A kind of pancreatic cancer called Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is anticipated to be one of the main causes of mortality during past years. Evidence from several researches supported the concept that the oncogenic KRAS (Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene) mutation is the major cause of pancreatic cancer. KRAS acts as an on-off switch that promotes cell growth. But when the KRAS gene is mutated, it will be in one position, allowing the cell growth uncontrollably. This uncontrollable multiplication of cells causes cancer growth. Therefore, KRAS was selected as the target protein in the study. Fifty plant-derived compounds are selected for the study. To determine whether the examined drugs could bind to the KRAS complex’s binding pocket, molecular docking was performed. Computational analyses were used to assess the possible ability of tested substances to pass the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). To predict the bioactivity of ligands a machine learning model was created. Five machine learning models were created and have chosen the best one among them for analyzing the bioactivity of each ligand. From the fifty plant-derived compounds the compounds with the least binding energies are selected. Then bioactivity of these six compounds is analyzed using Random Forest Regression model. Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME) properties of compounds are analyzed. The results showed that borneol has powerful effects and acts as a promising agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This suggests that borneol found in plants like mint, ginger, rosemary, etc., is a successful compound for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/31947
- Development and Evaluation of Natural Anti-dandruff Shampoo
Authors: Faruk Alam, Soma Das, Pallab Kalita, Bhaskar Jyoti Pathak, Moidul Islam Judder , Debaprotim Dasgupta, Dhrubajyoti Sarkar
Pages: 1125 - 1134
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to develop a pure herbal anti-dandruff shampoo and assess its efficacy and safety. The herbal shampoo was prepared by mixing various amounts of the following extracts into a 10% aqueous solution: Neem (Azadirachta indica), Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates), Reetha (Sapindus mukorossi), Sheekakai (Sapindus indica), Amla (Indian gooseberries), Bhringaraj (Eclipta alba), and Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri). The pH was changed, and methylparaben was added as a preservative in very minute amounts. To ascertain the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared shampoos, several tests including visual inspection, pH, wetting time, percentage of solid contents, foam volume and stability, surface tension, detergency, dirt dispersion, etc. were carried out. By giving 20 student volunteers a blind test, the conditioning performance of the herbal shampoo formulation was also assessed. The herbal shampoo was presented simply and appealingly. It demonstrated high detergency, good cleaning, and low surface tension. After 5 minutes, the shampoo’s formulation provided good foam stability. It was discovered that the scores for the conditioning performance of the hair after using a herbal shampoo ranged from 1.75 to 3.4. The results revealed that the specifically formulated shampoo had outstanding conditioning performance, comparable to a shampoo that is easily found in markets. Malassezia furfur was used as a test subject for the efficiency of the multi-herbal anti-dandruff formulations. Formulation F4 demonstrated strong antifungal activity, as measured by the zone of inhibition and lowest inhibitory concentration. However, additional research and development are required to improve its quality and safety.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33220
- Influence of Nutrients in Microalgae Cultivation by SEM and EDX Evaluation
Authors: Khevna Pandya, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye, Anupama Shrivastav
Pages: 1135 - 1140
Abstract: Microalgae have recently attracted a lot of attention on a global level because of their numerous application possibilities in the renewable energy, biopharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. Microalgae can be exploited to make biofuels, bioactive medicines and food additives at a low cost and with no environmental harmful impact. The media’s nutritional content affects the development of microalgae. The role that macro- and micro-nutrients play in the cultivation of microalgae is also significant. For microalgae cultivation, a sample of river water was collected, BG11 and Bold Basal Media (BBM) synthetic media were prepared. Observations of microalgae growth were made after 15 days. On samples of raw water and microalgae grown in a lab, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were conducted. Raw water and microalgae sample structures were detailed by SEM results, and both samples’ chemical compositions were shown by EDX results. The cultivation of microalgae depends heavily on macro and micro nutrients. The growth of microalgae was accelerated in the presence of nutrients.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33354
- Effect of Dill Seed Tea on Lactation Among Postnatal Mothers Admitted in
Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Vruti Patel, Anita Prakasam, Charmi H. Patel, Charmi M. Patel, Sourabh P. Bhatt
Pages: 1141 - 1144
Abstract: Breastfeeding is the most beneficial initial nourishment for newborns in terms of health outcomes. Galactagogues are substances that aid in increasing milk production. Galactagogues include herbs such as dill seeds, fenugreek, as well as medications like metoclopramide and domperidone. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of dill seeds tea in promoting lactation among postnatal mothers admitted to a tertiary care hospital. A quasi-experimental research design with a quantitative approach was employed, and data was collected using a convenient sampling technique from 60 postnatal mothers, with 30 participants assigned to the quasi-experimental group and 30 to the control group. The quasi-experimental group received dill seeds tea in the morning for five days, consisting of 1 teaspoon of dill seeds, 200 ml of water, 1 teaspoon of jaggery, and half a teaspoon of cow ghee. The sample selection followed specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research tools utilized in the study included a questionnaire to gather demographic and obstetrical data, as well as a Likert scale to assess breastfeeding adequacy in postnatal mothers. The study results revealed that during the pre-test, the majority of the control group (86.7%) experienced inadequate lactation, while 13.3% had satisfactory lactation. In the experimental group, the majority (93.3%) had inadequate lactation, with only 6.7% experiencing satisfactory lactation. During the post-test, the control group had a majority of 76.7% with inadequate lactation. In contrast, the experimental group had 80% with adequate lactation and 20% with satisfactory lactation. The study’s findings indicate that the majority of postnatal mothers in both the experimental and control groups initially experienced insufficient breast milk production, but after receiving dill seeds tea, lactation improved among the postnatal mothers. Therefore, it can be concluded that dill seeds tea was effective in enhancing lactation in postnatal mothers.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/33453
- Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Vernonia amygdalina Extract
in Diabetic Rats
Authors: AvijitAvijit Mazumder, Bhavani Pentela, Sanjana, Vikas Gupta
Pages: 1145 - 1152
Abstract: Excision and incision wound models were used to evaluate the wound healing activity on Wistar albino rats by applying the topical application of a prepared ointment. The wound healing potential was assessed by measuring the rate of the epithelization period, wound contraction, wound breaking strength, and histopathological parameters reference with povidone iodine ointment as standard. Higher rate of wound contraction (****P<0.0001), decrease in the period of epithelization (**P<0.01) higher wound breaking strength (****P<0.0001), and favorable histopathological changes were observed with the ointment containing 5% and 10% hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves. The data of this study indicated that hydro-ethanolic Vernonia amygdalina extract of leaves exhibited potent wound healing effects thus the study can be extended in future for the study of phytoconstituents which are giving the wound healing effect.
PubDate: 2023-08-31
DOI: 10.18311/jnr/2023/34089
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