 Subjects -> ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (Total: 106 journals)
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- Anti-inflammatory effects of coumarins on a murine model of acute lung
injury (ALI): a brief systematic review-
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Abstract: Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of most critical inflammatory conditions. It is produced by different scenarios, which poses a challenge for its clinical management and treatment. Coumarins, a class of natural and synthetic compounds, identified as important candidates for new drugs due to their anti-inflammatory action, could be an alternative for the development of new medicines to manage ALI. In this article, we compile the results of a literature review to conclude whether coumarins are as effective as anti-inflammatory compounds when used in LPS-induced ALI in mice. The outcomes used as parameters to answer this question were: the ability to reduce the influx of inflammatory cells, and edema in inflamed lungs. A total of eight manuscripts were reviewed that unanimously addressed the anti-inflammatory efficacy of coumarin compounds in inhibiting the formation of edema and the influx of leukocytes into the lungs in LPS-induced ALI in mice. Most of the studies also highlighted the role of compounds in decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and these effects were associated with interference in the cell signaling pathways, which were investigated by some of the studies included in this review. The assessment of methodological quality showed that the studies evaluated in this review had moderate to high risk of bias, related to the lack of data on randomization of the animals, and the blinding of the investigators, compromising the reliability of the experimental results of the published works. Leading the results of the manuscripts is possible affirm that coumarins have important anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced ALI in mice, and the effect is comparable to the reference anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-09-30
- Argania spinosa essential oil ameliorates colonic damage and
extraintestinal alterations in a rat model of acetic acid-induced colitis
by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation-
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Abstract: Abstract The present study was designed to elucidate the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of argan oil (AO) (from the kernels of the argan tree, Argania spinosa) against acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis and associated alterations in the liver and kidneys of rats. Colitis was induced by intra-rectal administration of 4% AA solution for 3 consecutive days. Some groups of rats were treated orally with AO (5 mL/kg) for 5 consecutive days before and after AA administration, while other groups were treated with either the vehicle or AO alone. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions in the tissues were assessed, while oxidative stress, antioxidant parameters and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined by biochemical methods. Haematological and serum chemistry parameters were also evaluated. Administration of AO before or after AA induction produced improvements in body weight gain, faecal consistency, macroscopic and histologic scores of the colonic mucosa compared to rats treated with AA alone. Furthermore, AO treatment caused significant reduction in colonic levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and serum MPO activity, while glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were increased in the colon and kidneys, compared to the colitis control. Acetic acid treatment resulted in significant reduction in erythrocyte and leucocyte indices in relation to healthy controls. Taken together, treatment of rats with AO protected colonic tissues from acetic acid-induced inflammation and suggests that the oil may be considered for preventive and therapeutic purposes against inflammatory bowel diseases.
PubDate: 2023-09-27
- Anti-hyperuricemic potential of caryophyllene from Syzygium aromaticum
essential oil: SiO2-AgNO3-based column chromatography purification,
antioxidant, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities-
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Abstract: Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of uric acid. Inhibiting this enzyme can diminish the production of uric acid. Caryophyllene is a type 2 cannabinoid agonist receptor widely distributed in all plants' essential oil and provides plentiful biological activities. This research was carried out to isolate and evaluate the antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of caryophyllene. Caryophyllene was isolated from Syzygium aromaticum essential oil using SiO2-AgNO3-based column chromatography. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was assessed by molecular docking and in vitro assay using a spectrophotometer in 96-well plates below the aerobic conditions, while the antioxidant activity was tested to DPPH and measured as AAI. Our study revealed that the SiO2-AgNO3-based column chromatography technique provides caryophyllene with a purity of 98%. The biological evaluation showed that caryophyllene could inhibit the xanthine oxidase in silico and in vitro with an IC50 value of 4.79 ± 0.25 µg/mL. Caryophyllene also exhibits very strong antioxidant activity. In conclusion, caryophyllene shows a promising potential to be developed as a novel candidate for uric acid-lowering agents. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-09-27
- The ethanolic extract of Aframomum angustifolium seeds protects against
tamoxifen-induced side effects in rats with breast cancer-
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Abstract: Abstract Long-term use of tamoxifen (TAM) is associated with severe side effects. The present study aimed at evaluating the protective effect of the ethanolic extract of Aframomum angustifolium seeds (EEAA) against some adverse effects of TAM in female Wistar rats with 7,12-dimethybenz-(a)-anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer. Breast cancer was induced through the subcutaneous administration of 50 mg/kg, bw of DMBA while normal rats constituted the control group. Twelve weeks later, breast cancer rats were randomised 5 per group and treated or not with 3.3 mg/kg, bw of tamoxifen alone, or tamoxifen plus either 150 or 300 mg/kg, bw of EEAA during 28 days, after which all animals were sacrificed under anaesthesia. The effects of the treatment on the uterus, body weight, lipid profile, liver and kidneys were evaluated. The EEAA at 300 mg/kg, bw significantly prevented tamoxifen-induced uterus’s hyperplasia by reducing serum estradiol level from 896.85 ± 54.57 (tamox alone) to 639.81 ± 43.41 pg/L. The extract at both doses prevented metabolic disturbance by increasing body weight, lowering triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and also prevented lipids accumulation in the liver. Catalase activity and TBARS levels were ameliorated (p < 0.05) in the liver and kidneys leading to the improvement of the integrity of these organs. Also, an amelioration of plasmatic activities of transaminases alkaline phosphatase and uric acid levels was noted. The ethanolic extract of Aframomum angustifolium seeds can be considered a potential source of bioactive compounds for the management of the side effects of TAM among breast cancer patients.
PubDate: 2023-09-14
- Long-term oral administration of curcumin is effective in preventing
short-term memory deterioration and prolonging lifespan in a mouse model
of Alzheimer’s disease-
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Abstract: Abstract Curcumin (Curc) has been shown to have the potential to ameliorate or prevent the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, most of them are in vitro and in vivo short-term studies. This study was conducted to investigate whether long-term, low-dose dietary Curc intake in mouse of AD might suppress short-term memory retention, amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and tau phosphorylation, delaying the onset of AD and prolonging the lifespan of the animals. Short-term memory was examined by the Y-maze method after 6 months old. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed at 10 months old to determine changes in Aβ deposition, tau phosphorylation, and glial cell number in brain tissue. Furthermore, we investigated the survival rate for 12 months old and evaluated the AD prevention effect. The alternation rates of short-time memory in the wild type and AD mice were 56.2% and 25.9%, respectively. These rates in the experimental groups (0.02% and 0.5% Curc) were in the range of 44.4–45.7%. The area of Aβ42 deposition in AD mice was approximately 25,000 µm2, while the experimental groups had a significantly reduced area of 5000–10,000 µm2. Survival rate was 34% in the AD control group, 100% in the 0.02% Curc, and 83% in the 0.5% Curc group, significantly longer in the Curc groups than the AD control group. This study demonstrates that long-term intake of low concentrations of Curc may act on the tau- phosphorylation, suppress brain inflammation, delay the onset of AD, and prolong the lifespan of the mouse.
PubDate: 2023-09-09
- Spondias mombin: biosafety and GC–MS analysis of anti-viral
compounds from crude leaf extracts-
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Abstract: Abstract Essential oils are combinations of naturally occurring phytochemicals that, alone or in synergy with other compounds, can therapeutically attenuate disease-causing viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, and Marburg viruses. This study aimed to investigate the biosafety of and identification of antiviral phytochemicals of Spondias mombin (Linn) leaf crude extracts by GC–MS analysis. GC–MS analysis showed that the compound concentrations were dependent on the polarity of extracting solvent SMH (34), SMDCM (36), SMEA (12), SME (50) and SMM (36). Toluene (15.13%) and di-isooctyl phthalate (14.21%) were identified as the basic constituents of SMH. In SMDCM, n-nonadecanol-1 (19.64%) and eicosane (13.93%) were the main compounds, while in SMEA it was ethanol, 2-butoxy-(83.29%). Both SME and SMM showed the presence of Tetradecyl trifluoroacetate (15.43%). Pentadecanoic acid (12.18%), Propane, 2,2-diethoxy- (33.83%) and o-Xylene (15.87%). The identified antiviral compounds in the crude extracts, were d-Limonene (1.33%), p-Cymene (1.31%), Thymol (0.50%) and Carvacrol (0.87%) in SMM and SMH extracts, with Phytol, acetate being a common constituent in all the essential oils, except SMEA. In vitro cytotoxicity studies of crude S. mombin leaf extracts were performed using the MTT method in three cell lines: MCF-7, A-549 and HEK-293, with IC50 values between 15.91 and 178.5 μg/mL. Therefore, the results indicated that crude extracts from S. mombin leafs had low toxicity and could be used safely. Compared with hexane extracts (1), methanol extracts have more compounds with antiviral properties (3) and can be used as reusable therapeutic candidates, natural dietary supplements or in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, Ebola and Marburg viruses. This can be valuable in pharmaceutical preparations of drug candidates for the treatment of these viruses.
PubDate: 2023-09-07
- Synergistic effect of Punica granatum derived antifungals on strains with
clinical failure to terbinafine and azoles drugs-
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Abstract: Abstract Dermatomycosis is a commonly occurring widespread superficial fungal infection. The infection is mostly caused by the dermatophytes (e.g., Trichophyton spp.), and yeasts (e.g., Candida spp.). Due to their persistent, recalcitrant nature and treatment failure it has become a worldwide concern. In our study, we have used multidrug-resistant Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale clinical isolates for evaluation of the synergistic effect of the plant-based extract with existing drugs. Here, Punica granatum peel (PGP) extracts alone and their combination with existing antifungal drugs (e.g., Ciclopirox olamine, Zinc pyrithione, Ketoconazole, and Fluconazole) were evaluated as an alternative synergistic combination against Trichophyton and Candida species. Synergy had been determined for PGP extract with other antifungals against Candida and Trichophyton species by checkerboard, ZOI (zone of inhibition), and E-test methods respectively. The isolates exhibited resistance towards some azoles and allylamines. PGP extract alone and in combination with other antifungals had shown, FIC Index from 0.133 to 0.2 against C. albicans strains, 0.2 to 0.5, FIC against T. rubrum strains respectively. E-test also showed 512±0.0 and 341.3±0.0-fold decrease of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), against azole-resistant C. albicans MTCC 227 respectively. The study reveals that PGP extract alone and in combination with other antifungals is a promising source of alternative antifungal therapy to minimize the resistance profile.
PubDate: 2023-09-05
- Correction to: Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activity of Gentiana
lutea root extract-
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PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Correction to: Comparative local anaesthetic activity of lignocaine,
lignocaine-adrenaline and water extracts of Annona muricata during
castration in dogs-
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PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Lead phytomolecules for gastroprotective drug development
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Abstract: Abstract Peptic ulcer disease represents an important public health problem worldwide. Such disease may occur due to improper balance in the aggressive as well as in the defensive mechanisms. Although proton pump inhibitors reduces the production of stomach acid and help in decreasing mortality and morbidity rates due to gastic problems. Products obtained from natural sources also represent therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of gastric problems. Gastroprotective effect of herbs is endorsed to its bioactive phytomolecules present in it. In view of this, study was designed to survey the literature of secondary metabolite, plant source as well as signaling pathways. For literature survey of secondary metabolites, plant sources and signaling pathways various electronis databases were searched and data were compiled.The study of this literature survey revealed that secondary metabolites from plant origin have the potential to become the active gastroprotective agent. Consequently, phytomolecules are proved to be ideal one with much effectiveness property and possessing less toxicity associated with therapeutic potential for preventing and curing the gastrointestinal disorders. It can, therefore, be identified and recommended as a novel lead for drug development process to design gastroprotective drug.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Mechanisms and clinical application of Xuebijing injection, a traditional
Chinese herbal medicine–a systematic review-
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Abstract: Introduction Xuebijing injection (XBJ), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM), containing five TCM ingredients, is commonly administered intravenously in clinical practice in China. It has been widely used to treat various serious infectious diseases, such as viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, and sepsis. We aimed to summarize the advanced research progress of XBJ in clinical applications and mechanisms, and promote the applications and development of TCHM in clinical practice. Methods In this systematic review, we searched XBJ-related articles from the last 20 years until 2023, and 90 studies were finally included. We reviewed the latest research progress regarding the mechanisms of action of XBJ in clinical applications, transforming the available data into a summarized reference for target/disease specific XBJ mechanisms of action. Results XBJ has exact curative effect in major viral infections or inflammatory diseases. The possible mechanisms of action may include: (1) Exerts antiviral effects by preventing the virus from entering cells, replicating, and releasing through important targets, such as ACE2 and AKT1; (2) Reduces inflammatory factors [(interleukin)IL -2, IL-4, tumor factor α (TNF-α), etc.] and oxidative stress by regulating PI3K-AKT, nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Toll-like receptor and other signaling pathways; (3) Involves in protecting cells, stabilizing hemodynamics, regulating body metabolism and immune function, etc. Conclusion XBJ can act on multiple targets and signaling pathways for antiviral and anti-inflammatory, which has definite curative effect, high safety and few adverse effects, and is worthy of promotion of clinical application.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Effects of Alkanna bracteosa extract on the expression level of HSP90α
and HER2 genes in human gastric cancer cell line-
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Abstract: Abstract Gastric cancer was classified as the third most deadly cancer among all other cancer types. The HSP90 and HER2 genes play essential roles in the stability and function of high-expression proteins that cause malignancy. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of the alcoholic Alkanna bracteosa extract on the expression of HSP90α and HER2 genes in AGS cell line. Therefore, the methanolic extraction was isolated from aerial parts of the plant and AGS and HuGu cell lines were analyzed using 102.4–0.05 mg ml−1 dose concentrations in serial dilution; to measure the cell toxicity by MTT assay. Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis measured the expression level of HSP90α and HER2 genes using the IC50 dose concentrations. Quantification of apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin/PI kit in flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation tests. The results of MTT assay represented the IC50 dose concentration of 0.8 and 3.2 mg ml−1 for AGS and HuGu respectively. The rate of HER2 gene expression was significantly decreased in AGS cells treated with 0.8 mg ml−1 dose concentration compared to control. The exposure of AGS treated cells with 0.8 mg ml−1 dose concentration after 24 h represented 24.3% apoptosis and 13.3% necrosis. The agarose gel represented the DNA fragmentation pattern of apoptosis. This study demonstrated the significant differences between the cell viability rate, gene expression level, and apoptosis of the Alkanna bracteosa extract on AGS cells. These results demonstrated the first report of which the Alkanna braceteosa would be an effective candidate for possible treatment of Gastric cancer.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- In silico ADMET, molecular docking and molecular simulation-based study of
glabridin’s natural and semisynthetic derivatives as potential
tyrosinase inhibitors-
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Abstract: Hyper-pigmentation conditions may develop due to erroneous melanogenesis cascade which leads to excess melanin production. Recently, inhibition of tyrosinase is the main focus of investigation as it majorly contributes to melanin production. This inhibition property can be exploited in medicine, agriculture, and in cosmetics. Present study aims to find a natural and safe alternative molecule as tyrosinase inhibitor. In this study, human tyrosinase enzyme was modelled due to unavailability of its crystal structure to look into the degree of efficacy of glabridin and its 15 derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitor. Docking was performed by Autodock Vina at the catalytic core enzyme. Glabridin effects on melanoma cell lines was also elucidated by analysing cytotoxicity and effect on melanin production. Computational ADME analysis was done by SwissADME. Molecular dynamic simulation was also performed to further evaluate the interaction profile of these molecules and kojic acid (positive inhibitor) with respect to apo protein. Notably, four derivatives 5′-formylglabridin, glabridin dimer, 5′-prenyl glabridin and R-glabridin exhibited better binding affinity than glabridin. Glabridin effectively inhibited melanin production in a dose dependent manner. Among these, 5′-formylglabridin displayed highest binding affinity with docking score − 9.2 kcal/mol. Molecular properties and bioactivity analysis by Molinspiration web server and by SwissADME also presented these molecules as potential drug candidates. The study explores the understanding for the development of suitable tyrosinase inhibitor/s for the prevention of hyperpigmentation. However, a detailed in vivo study is required for glabridin derivatives to suggest these molecules as anti-melanogenic compound. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- A versatile untargeted metabolomics-driven technology for rapid
phytochemical profiling of stem barks of Zanthoxylum species with
antioxidant and antimicrobial activities-
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Abstract: Zanthoxylum species are credited with various uses in ethnomedicine due to their rich metabolite composition. In Kenya, these include management of cancer and microbial related ailments. However, there are limited reports showing how the bioactivity of Kenyan Zanthoxylum species is linked to their phytochemical profiles. This study therefore aimed at examining the chemical variation among five Zanthoxylum species found in Kenya (Z. chalybeum, Z. gilletii, Z. holtzianum, Z. paracanthum and Z. usambarense) using metabolomics approaches and the anti-oxidant and antimicrobial activities of these species. In a Folin–Ciocalteu test, the phenolic content of the stem bark extracts of these species were 73.083–145.272 mg TAE/g, while the alkaloids (in bromothymol blue chromogenic test) and flavonoids (in aluminium chloride test) were found to be 152.39–207.19 mg ME/g, and 109.416–186.413 mg CE/g, respectively. These extracts also exerted strong antioxidant activities in the 2,2-iphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assays. In a broth dilution assay, the extract of the stem bark of Z. holtzianum ability showed the highest antimicrobial activity, followed by Z. chalybeum stem bark extract. The activities were positively correlated to both flavonoids and alkaloids concentrations, while the concentration of phenolics had weak negative correlation to antimicrobial activities. A chemometric analysis of the liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry profiles led to grouping of the species into three clusters. This study illustrates the variation in the bioactivity of Zanthoxylum species based on metabolite composition and justifies the wide usage of Zanthoxylum species in Kenyan traditional medicinal practices. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and uses of common
ayurvedic medicinal plants: a future source of new drugs-
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Abstract: Abstract Natural products, especially plants and herbs, have always been a common medicament source, either as pure active principles or traditional preparations. Traditional medicine has been used in developing and developed countries for centuries, and still, 80% of the population uses plant-based medicines for their health care needs. The present review discusses all the possible pharmacological activity reported in various literature and active chemical constituents of herbs. A list of various herbs/plants used by Ayurvedacharya Ratiram Sharma (93-year-old and practicing since 1952) and mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. The curated list was prepared by their general availability in the household and local market. This study comprehensively documented the medicinal value of sixty-six dominant plant species used in Ayurveda and local people. In the present review, each herb is discussed with its scientific and common names, geographical distribution, traditional medicinal uses, beneficial plant parts, and active chemical constituents. For each plant, pharmacological activities of different parts of plants are displayed with their chemical constituents and structure. Toxicologists, phytologists, medicinal chemists, and other researchers who are interested in the various therapeutic and related applications of plant materials will be benefited from present review. This information will open new horizons of application for the many novel drugs and drug candidates.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Development and evaluation of hydrogel formulation comprising essential
oil of Mentha longifolia L. for oral candidiasis-
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Abstract: Abstract Mentha longifolia L. is used in folk medicine and its essential oil has antimicrobial and aromatic properties. The present invention relates to the development of hydrogel formulation of Mentha longifolia essential oil (EOML) for treating oral candidiasis. Various EOML hydrogels were developed using mucoadhesive polymers viz., Carbopol 940, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and their blends. The hydrogels were characterized with respect to physical, rheological and textural attributes. Finally, all the EOML based hydrogels were evaluated for in vitro efficacy against Candida albicans employing agar well diffusion and broth dilution assay. The EOML hydrogels were semisolid, off-white color, non-gritty, most stable at 4 and 25 °C, and possessed optimum spreading and pleasing aesthetic attributes. The hydrogels showed pseudo-plastic shear-thinning behaviour and variable viscosity, dependent on the concentration and type of gelling agent. The single polymer-based formulations (F1 and F2) were able to spread better compared to blended polymer formulations (F5 and F6). In broth dilution assay, of all the prepared mucoadhesive hydrogels, F1 (containing 5% Carbopol 940) exhibited lowest MIC value against Candida albicans (ATCC90028 and MTCC277), vis-a-vis EOML and standard drugs (i.e., Amphotericin B and Fluconazole). Further, there was marked enhancement in the antifungal efficacy of F1 in comparison to EOML (20 folds), Amphotericin B (2 folds) and Fluconazole (2 folds). Thus, the hydrogel formulation ensured reduced volatility of EOML and improved its therapeutic effectiveness. Owing to the mucoadhesive components and non-toxic properties of the EOML hydrogel, the formulation can be extended for clinical evaluation for treating oral thrush.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Comparative local anaesthetic activity of lignocaine,
lignocaine-adrenaline and water extracts of Annona muricata during
castration in dogs-
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Abstract: Abstract Lignocaine is a local anaesthetic used in castration of dogs. However, lignocaine is sometimes combined with adrenaline in order to prolong the anaesthetic effect. Either lignocaine or lignocaine-adrenaline combination is associated with toxicity effects. Hence, anaesthetic potentials of lignocaine, lignocaine-adrenaline, fruit and stem-bark aqueous extract of Annona muricata were comparatively studied during castration in Nigerian indigenous dogs. Twelve adult dogs of about 1.00 ± 0.00-year-old and weighing 8.8 ± 0.4 kg divided into four groups of three each were used. The four groups were administered 2% lignocaine, lignocaine-adrenaline, fruit and stem-bark aqueous extracts each, at a dose of, 7.5 mg/kg each, by infiltration on the scrotal sac. After loss of sensation, ochidectomy was carried out. Time of onset and duration of anaesthesia were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in stem bark and fruit extract groups as compared to lignocaine and lignocaine-adrenaline groups. More so duration of anaesthesia was higher in lignocaine-adrenaline as compared to adrenaline. The findings have shown that lignocaine and lignocaine-adrenaline could increase whereas stem bark and fruit extract could decrease respiratory rate, respectively. Highest duration of anaesthesia was observed in stem- bark extract anaesthetized dogs followed by fruit extract treated group in comparison with lignocaine-adrenaline and lignocaine treated groups. Time of onset of anaesthesia was longest in fruit extract treated group and shortest in lignocaine and lignocaine-adrenaline treated groups respectively. Lignocaine and lignocaine/adrenaline increased and decreased haematological parameters, respectively. Lignocaine, lignocaine-adrenaline and the extracts altered biochemical parameters. Hence, Annona muricata could serve as potent local anaesthetic agent.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Implementing in vitro and in silico approaches to evaluate anti-influenza
virus activity of different Bangladeshi plant extracts-
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Abstract: Abstract Emergence of antiviral drug resistance in influenza virus remains a major public health concern worldwide. Nowadays, different herbs receive renewed attention because of their enormous antiviral potential. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of Camellia sinensis, Persicaria hydropiper, Persicaria orientale, Persicaria lapathifolia, Persicaria stagnina, Mucuna pruriens and Chenopodium album against different influenza strains using both in vitro and in silico approaches. Antiviral effect of plant extracts was evaluated by cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay on influenza infected MDCK (Madin Darby Canine Kidney) cell line. Later, the herb demonstrating antiviral activity was virtually screened for their available bioactive compounds and multiple in silico tools were performed to prioritize and establish these compounds as potential inhibitor. The methanol, but not the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of C. sinensis, P. hydropiper, M. pruriens and C. album exhibited anti-influenza effect with EC50 values within 32–46 µg/ml. Importantly, the extracts remained effective against both amantadine-resistant and -sensitive influenza isolates. The molecular docking analysis showed that flavonoids, steroid and derivatives had strong binding affinity to the target proteins which may remain responsible for the anti-influenza characteristics of plant extracts. Pharmacokinetic properties, bioavailability and drug-likeness score revealed that ferulic acid, sinapic acid, campesterol, cryptomeridiol, eupatin and genistein could be attractive leads as potential influenza inhibitors. Taken together, the botanical ingredients of these herbs could be used as valuable candidates for developing novel therapeutics to control influenza related illnesses.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Prospective experimental studies of some herbs used in urinary disorders
in Unani medicine-
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Abstract: Diseases of the kidney and urinary tract including urolithiasis became a major cause of global illness and death. There are approximately 7.85 million people suffering from chronic renal failure in India. Further, urolithiasis is also a common global phenomenon of renal disorders. Unani Medicine (UM) is a famous kind of conventional medicine practised throughout South Asia that relies on the ancient conventional medicinal systems of India, Egypt, China, Iraq, Syria, and Persia. Berberis vulgaris (BV), Physalis alkekengi (PA) and Boswellia serrata (BS) are very common drugs against urinary disorders in Unani medicine. But, to establish their role to treat in urinary disorders are still obscure. HPTLC fingerprints confirmed the presence of signature compounds according to pharmacopeia. Polyphenolic acids and flavonoids in the test drugs have been quantified by HPLC. BS showed maximum inhibitory action on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, nitric oxide and superoxide scavenging than other two test drugs, while, PA have highest hydrogen peroxide scavenging action. In diuretic activity, maximum urination occurred in BS group than other two test drugs BV and PA. The highest excretion of sodium–potassium ratio was noted in PA groups followed by BS and BV. BV showed maximum efficacy in crystal formation in test tubes followed by BS and PA. Graphical abstract 
PubDate: 2023-09-01
- Correction: Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) fractions potentially
normalize the lead (Pb) poisoning and enhance in vitro thrombolysis-
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PubDate: 2023-07-01
DOI: 10.1007/s13596-023-00690-6
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