Authors:Laxmi Kanta Sharma, Vishal Paudel Pages: 1 - 10 Abstract: Tourism is a cornerstone of Nepal’s economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. This study investigates tourism trends from 1995 to 2021, focusing on tourist arrivals, demographics, and economic impacts using data from the "Nepal Tourism Statistics 2021" report. The study reveals a peak in tourist arrivals at 1.2 million in 2019, followed by a severe decline due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which saw arrivals drop to 230,000 in 2020 and 150,000 in 2021. Despite this downturn, there was an increase in the average length of stay, indicating a shift in travel behavior. The research also documents a decrease in holiday visits, trekking, and pilgrimage activities during the pandemic, while noting a relative increase in tourism-related enterprises. The findings highlight the need for sustainable tourism strategies and investments in infrastructure to revitalize the sector and support economic recovery. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders to navigate post-pandemic challenges and foster long-term growth in Nepal’s tourism sector. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68210 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
Authors:Dil Nath Dangal, Shiva Dutta Chapagai, Ram Prasad Gajurel, Aditya Pokhrel Pages: 11 - 18 Abstract: This study investigated the correlation of tax revenue on the economic development of Nepal, focusing on its GDP. To achieve the objective, by utilize time-series macroeconomic data, specifically focusing on GDP and tax revenue from 2000 to 2001 fiscal year to 2020/2021. This descriptive study employs ordinary Least Square regression and correlation coefficient analysis. Data is collected from the Economic Survey Ministry of Finance. The study proposes a model where GDP is a function of tax revenue. The hypothesis suggests a positive relationship between tax revenue and GDP in Nepal. The regression model indicates significance, rejecting the null hypothesis. Tax revenue plays a crucial role in Nepal's GDP. The findings reveal that the P-value is extremely low (p<0.001), indicating that the direct tax revenue and indirect tax revenue are highly statistically significant. There is the existence of both a positive and robust relationship between tax revenue and GDP. Hence, the Government of Nepal should search for a way to boost the revenue from tax revenue by primarily supporting the configurations of networks among all the agencies of government and taxing authorities of the federal level, each province, and local bodies to meet the growth and to facilitate public services for the country. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68211 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
Authors:Sabitri Devi Acharya Pages: 19 - 28 Abstract: There is a lot of discussion among economists about the relationship between expenditure of the government and gross domestic product (GDP). The paper seeks to examine the association between GDP and government expenditure by utilizing the concept of Wagner’s Law. Both long run and short run relationships are examined by use of popular econometric techniques. From the result of Engle-Granger test the significance of Wagner's law is found in the context of Nepal when taking governance and government capital expenditure as the independent variables of economic growth. It has been found that when GDP increases by one percent, capital spending rises by 0.4 percent in the long run. However, the Granger causality test does not reveal any causal relationship between the variables of interest. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68212 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
Authors:Dila Ram Bhandari, Sharda Kandel Pages: 29 - 36 Abstract: Official statistics play a crucial role in informing policy decisions, monitoring societal trends, and facilitating evidence-based decision-making. In the digital age, these statistics face both opportunities and challenges that need to be addressed to ensure their continued relevance and accuracy. Governments, corporations, and the general public are expected to receive information from national systems of official statistics concerning the economic, demographic, social, and environmental situation. It has been suggested that digitizing data collection for government statistics could have a significant social impact. Government administrative data is being used more, although slowly. There is little proof, but big data access via satellites, point-of-sale systems, and social media is being investigated and tested. New requirements for official statistics as well as challenges in conventional data collecting from families and businesses are what are driving these initiatives. The final evidence basis for policies meant to enhance lives might be created by the government using new data sources effectively, and anonymized data are also being made available to other academics. The essay describes how the big data evidence-to-policy process is supposed to function in that setting and evaluates the difficulties encountered in making it function as planned using the UK, Netherlands, and UN. We come to the conclusion that technology advancements require constant attention to the promotion of official statistics and interaction with all users and potential users. The objective is to produce trusted as well as reliable statistics. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68213 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
Authors:Dipendra Karki, Shishir Gautam Pages: 37 - 46 Abstract: This study aims to determine an optimal capital structure (CS) and profitability in Nepalese commercial banks over ten years spanning from 2008/09 to 2017/18. The study utilizes 10 sampled banks and employs statistical techniques such as correlation analysis and regression analysis, along with descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that the debt assets ratio is inversely proportional to net profit but directly proportional to return on equity (ROE). It is observed that the average debt/equity ratio of Nepalese commercial banks over the past decade was 0.103551, indicating a high reliance on debt. Correlation analysis demonstrates that capital structure decisions significantly impact net profit but not ROE, except for paid-up capital. Regression analysis further confirms the negative impact of bank size and paid-up capital on profitability. The study concludes that Nepalese commercial banks prefer equity financing and should carefully consider capital structure decisions to maximize profitability. Additionally, it suggests further research on variables such as capital adequacy ratio, growth, tax, and market value of paid-up capital to better understand the relationship between capital structure and profitability. The article recommends stakeholders to focus on equity financing and analyze all factors impacting bank profitability. Optimal capital structure decisions based on study-based findings are crucial for the long-term survival of Nepalese commercial banks. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68214 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
Authors:Pragya Budhathoki, Niranjan Devkota, Sushanta Kumar Mahapatra, Udaya Raj Paudel, Udbodh Bhandari, Seeprata Parajuli Pages: 47 - 60 Abstract: This paper explores factors impeding the ethical consumption of grocery products in the Nepalese context, which will enhance our understanding of various socio-psychological aspects of consumer behavior. Moreover, this paper explores the existing cavity between ethical consumption intentions and consumers' actual purchasing conduct. This study is based on an explanatory research design, including both primary and secondary data. In this study, the population represents consumers' shopping grocery products in Big Marts, and 270 consumers have been selected as the sample. We have used the awareness index to study the ethical consumption of grocery products in Nepal to reduce the errors associated with lying. Empirical results reveal that the surveys and research on value-based consumption, constructing an instrument of questions, socio-political statements, and behaviors that, through item analysis and data reduction, can categorize a respondent as an "ethical consumer," or a "utilitarian consumer" could reduce the loopholes created by respondent lies in the studies. Results of the awareness index depicts that more than ninety percent Big Mart’s grocery consumers are moderately aware about ethical consumption. The regression result indicates that random product selection is an impending factor towards ethical consumption. Respondents were found to be less concerned about ethical consumption towards a certain brand. The result of this study will help to enhance our understanding on various socio-psychological aspects of consumer behavior. From the policy prescription standpoint, this study provides direction for the researcher to conduct analyses related to consumer understanding of ethical consumption and their purchasing behavior in Nepal. PubDate: 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/jodas.v29i1-2.68217 Issue No:Vol. 29, No. 1-2 (2021)
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