Authors:Adetutu Adedoyin KEHINDE-AWOYELE, Wasiu Adeniyi ADEOWU Abstract: This study investigates the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in shaping ethical perspectives within Nigerian Social Studies education. This study employs a quantitative descriptive survey design to investigate the influence of AI on ethical perspectives among students in Nigerian social studies education. Data were collected from two tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria. A Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure students' attitudes towards AI and its perceived influence on their ethical reasoning. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The Pearson correlation and the Chi-square test results indicate that AI plays a significant role in shaping students' ethical perspectives. The findings suggest that policymakers should consider integrating AI tools into Social Studies curricula to enhance ethical learning. These findings are expected to provide valuable insights into how educators and students perceive AI's role in social studies and its potential impact on fostering ethical awareness and critical thinking among students. Keywords: Role, artificial intelligence, ethical perspectives, social studies education DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/15-1-05 Publication date: March 30th 2025 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Sulman Naeem Mirza Abstract: This paper responds to the global demand for leadership that transcends conventional hierarchies and encompasses collaboration inclusiveness and is adaptable. It investigates application of Lipman-Blumen’s (1996; 2017) connective leadership model in Pakistan’s local government organisation focusing on leadership behaviours of management. By using qualitative case study methodology and data obtained from 20 semi-structured interviews with top management and middle to lower level management in various sectors of LG. This study reveals that the Connective Leadership Model improves governance through public private partnerships, citizen collaboration, engaging with local NGO’s and other philanthropic initiatives. Public administrator’s effectively employed three achieving styles; Instrumental (emphasise on structure and accountability, Relational (cultivate trust and inclusion) and Direct (prioritize decisive actions for rapid problem solving). Balancing these styles helps public administrators to navigate the complexities of local governance, management achieve both short and long-term goals. The study contributes to leadership literature by descriptively demonstrating its role in promoting responsiveness, inclusiveness, and efficiency in multi sectoral governance hence, promotes community participation and stakeholder engagement. Study offers actionable strategies for policy makers to strengthen local governance systems through leadership that align with global best practices and address regional challenges. This study lays the foundation for a sustainable governance and initiate the debate for future research. Keywords: Governance, Connective Leadership, Civic Engagement, Local Government, Pakistan, Public Sector Effectiveness, Stakeholder Collaboration, UN, Sustainable Development Goals, (SDG 16), Gujrat. DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/15-1-01 Publication date: January 30th 2025 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Bukola B. Oluwade, Ashagre A. Yigletu, Augustine Adu Frimpong, Vladimir Alexander Appeaning Abstract: This study examines the institutional maternal mortality ratio (IMMR) in Nigeria from 1960 to 2015, by analyzing the influence of different political administrations (civilian vs. military) on healthcare outcomes. Using Levene's test, ANOVA, and robust tests for equality of variances/means, the analysis reveals significant differences in IMMR based on the type of administration. The results show that military administrations, which governed for over 27 years across 8 different leaders, were associated with higher IMMR values, reflecting inadequate healthcare spending and governance issues. In contrast, civilian administrations, lasting over 29 years with 7 democratic leaders, were linked to lower IMMR values, suggesting improved healthcare policies and governance. These findings underscore the critical role of political administration in shaping healthcare outcomes and highlight the significant impact of governance on maternal mortality in Nigeria. The study provides robust evidence supporting the conclusion that political leadership—whether civilian or military—has a profound influence on the nation’s maternal health indicators. Keywords: Healthcare, Mortality, Maternal, Development, Civilian, Military, Administrations, Politics, Public Policy DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/15-1-02 Publication date: January 30th 2025 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Naol Abera Belay Abstract: Goal: This study aims to investigate effect of organizational climate on employees’ organizational commitment in Oromia Bank Nekemte District. Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed research approach and explanatory research design were used to analyze the relationship between variables. With census method, 250 questionnaires were distributed. The study employed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using principal component analysis using structural equation modeling that fulfills measurement construct validity and reliability to investigate the effect of organizational climate by AMOS version 23 software. Result: The findings supported that employees’ perceived autonomy has a positive and direct effect on affective and normative commitment but it doesn’t have an effect on continuance commitment. Besides, cohesion of teamwork has a negative and direct effect on affective and normative commitment and has no effect on continuance commitment. Moreover, the study has found that reward and recognition has a positive and direct effect on affective commitment but it doesn’t have an effect on continuance and normative commitment. In addition, fairness has a positive and direct effect on continuance commitment but doesn’t have an effect on affective and continuance commitment. Lastly but not the least, supervisors’ support has a positive and direct effect on normative commitment but it has no effect on affective and continuance commitment. Limitation: The planned model may not be generalized due to a one time data collection. Thus it ought to be applied in other organization. The study is also limited privately owned banking industry, .i.e. Oromia Bank. Hence, further studies can encompass any other privately owned and publicly owned banking industries in Ethiopia. Practical Implications: Therefore, it is advisable to consider when enhancing the climate of the organization so as to make employees’ motivated, committed, productive and well performer for the benefit of the company. Originality/Value: The study adds value to the existing body of knowledge by addressing the relationship between organizational climate and employees’ organizational commitment. Keywords: Organizational Climate; organizational commitment; autonomy; teamwork; reward and recognition; supervisors’ support DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/15-1-03 Publication date: January 30th 2025 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Wakgari Kebeta Djigsa Abstract: The Sustainable Development Agenda of 2030 recognizes the promotion and protection healthcare as one of its priorities. In particular, reducing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through effective prevention and control policy is a global development imperative that calls for both unilateral and collective efforts. This study aims at examining the adequacy of the efforts put in place by the Ethiopian government in preventing and controlling NCDs by closely looking at the legal and policy frameworks. This doctrinal research uses both primary and secondary sources of data. It heavily relies on binding national and international legal and policy instruments designed for the regulation of NCDs as primary sources and organizational reports and related literatures as secondary ones. The study finds, among others, that while efforts have been made in order to control the NCDs in the country, the existing legal and policy frameworks are inadequate in responding to the needs of the day. It recommends that the concerned organs need to take effective measures that would help mitigating the scourges of NCDs. Keywords: Ethiopia, food and beverages, non-communicable diseases, regulation DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/15-1-04 Publication date: January 30th 2025 Issue No:Vol. 15
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