 Subjects -> VETERINARY SCIENCE (Total: 220 journals)
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- Adaptation of Brown Swiss cows breed in first lactation cycle
Authors: S. G. Pishchan, I. S. Pishchan, L. O. Lytvyshchenko, N. O. Kapshuk
Pages: 3 - 9
Abstract: The intensive technology of exploitation on industrial farming places high demands on the adaptive properties of animals. Animal farming intensification requires the technologies which can provide high reproductive qualities and the realization of a genetically determined level of milk productivity combined with minimal expenditure for recovery and animal keeping. This especially applies to young cow farming where several factors are important including the adaptation to the housing conditions, the feeding quality and milking regime. At the same time, first-heifers have a high physiological load on the synthesis and secretion of milk, during which the organism continues to grow. The study of adaptive properties of Swiss breed cows in the first lactation was carried out in the conditions of the Yekaterinoslavsky dairy production complex of the Dnipropetrovsk region (Ukraine). The received data have shown that in the first two months of lactation (60.2 ± 2.18 days) Swiss first-heifers produced an average of 1680.2 kg of milk. This indicator is quite high for first-heifers, but the coefficient of variation at the level of 39.5 % indicates individual and rather different realization of the genetic potential of milk productivity. During the following two months of lactation, the milk yield of Swiss first-heifers practically doubled (P<0.001). At the same time, the individual reaction of the intensity of lactation function of cows was also high, although the coefficient of variation decreased to 14.4 %. After 4 months after calving, during the following two months of lactation, the level of milk productivity of the Swiss first-heifers increased by 1.47 times and reached the level of 4982.2 kg, which exceeded the four-month milk yield by 32.5 % (P<0.001). During an almost standard lactation (305.0 ± 2.20 days), Swiss first-heifers realized their own milk productivity at the level of 7420.5 kg. That is, during the last two-month period, the percentage of milk yield of first-heifers increased by 13.9 % (P<0.001). If the milk yield of first-heifers increased dynamically during standard lactation, its qualitative indicators, such as milk fat and milk protein content, were quite stable. The mass fraction of fat practically corresponded to breed characteristics and was at the level of 3.82–3.86 %, and protein – 3.30–3.38 %. The ratio of fat to milk solids corresponded to the norm and averaged 1.13–1.17 units. Obtained data demonstrated significant adaptability of Brown Swiss cows in respect with milk productivity potential. However, Swiss first-heifers developed the minor negative value of adaptation index.
PubDate: 2024-05-27
Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2024)
- The development of ultrasonographic diagnosis criteria for cholecystitis
differentiation in dogs
Authors: M. M. Shkvaria, O. V. Semionov, N. I. Suslova, V. L. Khomutenko
Pages: 10 - 16
Abstract: The paper presents the results of research of diagnosis and stage determination peculiarities of cholecystitis in dogs. In general, the clinical, differential diagnostic and ultrasonographic stages of the course of cholecystitis were studied. An important clinical and diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of cholecystitis in dogs is the application of the ultrasonographic examination. The study included 64 dogs, which were examined to diagnose cholecystitis. Three groups of dogs were identified: 17 dogs (27% of cases) were affected with initial stage of cholecystitis, 26 dogs (40% of cases) were affected with intermediate and 21 dogs (33%) were affected with late stage. The main clinical symptoms of the first stage of the gallbladder inflammation consisted of anorexia, vomiting, abdominal wall pain. The ultrasonographic picture was characterized by the presence of a hyperechoic wall of the gallbladder, an increase in the thickness of its wall, and a thickening of the mucous layer. Following mentioned symptoms including anorexia, weight loss, the presence of vomiting, decreased skin turgor, icterus of the mucous membranes, and abdominal wall pain were chosen as the main clinical symptoms of the 2nd stage of the gallbladder inflammation. Morphological signs that were selected for the diagnosis of cholecystitis were investigated by ultrasonography, including the presence of the wall hyperechoicity, thickening of the gallbladder wall, thickening of the mucous membrane layer, the presence of a suspension (mucocele) in the gallbladder and hyperechoic calculi. Presence of anorexia, a decrease in body weight, the presence of vomiting, a decrease in skin turgor, icterus of the mucous membranes, tenderness of the abdominal wall during palpation were chosen as the main clinical symptoms of the 3rd stage of gallbladder inflammation. During the 3rd stage of cholecystitis in dogs, the following signs were determined by ultrasonography: hyperechogenicity and heteroechogenicity of the gallbladder wall, thickening of the mucous membrane of the gallbladder; the presence of erosions on the mucous membrane, the presence of mucocele and hyperechoic calculi up to 5-7 mm in the gallbladder.
PubDate: 2024-05-20
Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2024)
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