|
|
- Hematological profile in holstein dairy cows according to the different
physiological stage
Authors: Meriem Mekroud, Nadjet Amina Khelifi-Touhami, Amal Titi, Nedjoua Arzour-Lakehal, Abdeslam Mekroud, Nassim Ouchene
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the variations of hematological and ionic parameters of Holstein dairy cows according to the physiological stage, as an indicator of their health status. The survey was conducted between January and March, 2020 and carried out on 4 lots of 15 dairy cows each. The analysis of blood parameters included: red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelets (PLT), white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MONO), neutrophils (NEU), eosinophils (EOS), basophils (BASO) and ionic parameters such as potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na). The RBC level was lowest in the 2nd third of gestation (6.0 ± 0.8 x 106/μL) and in postpartum period (5.6 ± 0.8 x 106/μL), in comparison to the 1st third (6.6 ± 0.6 x 106 / μL) and 3rd third (dry period) of gestation (6.7 ± 0.5 x 106 / μL) (p<0.0001). The same observation was noted for HCT (p<0.0001). MCV was highest in dry cows (p<0.01). MCH and MCHC were highest in cows that were in the postpartum period (p<0.001). For WBC, the count was higher in the 1stthird of gestation compared to the other stages, (11.3 ± 2.2 x 103 / μL) versus (6.4 ± 4.1 x 103 / μL), (5.2 ± 1.3 x 103 / μL), and (8.0 ± 4.9 x 103 / μL) for the 2nd third, 3rd third of gestation, and postpartum, respectively (p<0.001).
In postpartum cows, the ionic parameters had the lowest values of potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) compared to
the other stages (p<0.001). This investigation can be used as a basis for information on the hematological and ionic profile of dairy cattle in order to determine the health status before the onset of clinical signs.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.174
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Gross beta counting method in radiation protection system of animal
production cycle
Authors: Nedžad Gradaščević, Nejra Karaman, Lana Tepavčević, Nedim Mujić
Abstract: The research investigated the potential application of the gross beta counting method in radiation protection of animal production under conditions of environmental contamination. Mushroom samples, animal and agricultural products as well as samples from proficiency tests were analyzed using both the gross beta counting method and the gamma spectrometric analysis as a control. The findings revealed that the quantitative measurements of total beta emitters in the tested samples, obtained with the gross beta counting method, can be effectively employed as a triage approach in scenarios involving radioactive contamination. It is important to notice that successful implementation of this method relies on prior knowledge of the average levels of total potassium or its isotope 40K in the samples being analyzed. Control measurements and assessments based on the results obtained from the gamma spectrometric method demonstrated an acceptable uncertainty for the triage of contaminated samples as well as for the implementation of protective measures within the animal production system under conditions of environmental contamination.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.199
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Oncology of the sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps): A comprehensive review
Authors: Jelle Stans
Pages: 135 - 141
Abstract: Sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) are increasingly being kept as pets. Despite their popularity, relatively little is known about the oncology of this species. To summarize the current body of knowledge, a literature search was performed to identify published cases. Only a small number of cases was identified that described cancer in sugar gliders. The identified case reports described several tumour types, ranging from mammary (adeno) carcinoma to haemangiosarcoma. In the majority of cases, no metastases were reported. In several cases, the primary tumour was removed using a surgical approach. Pain management also was a cornerstone of the treatment. The prognosis was often poor, with only two animals out of eight being alive at the time of publication. It is clear that further research is required to get more insight into the epidemiology and characteristics of cancer in this species.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.135
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- FMD and PPR diseases monitoring and surveillance in Algeria: Application
of geographic information system
Authors: Ali Dahmani, Nadjet Amina Khelifi-Touhami, Redouane-Larbi Boufeniza, Amira Boufeniza, Asma Chourak, Nassim Ouchene
Pages: 142 - 152
Abstract: The study aimed to describe the evaluation and implementation of spatial databases that are directly related to animal health in GIS and web-GIS by visualization of the spatio-temporal distribution of animal diseases such as peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Algeria. A methodology has been adapted based on the classical steps of GIS and performed using freely available Qgis 3.10. Such methodology can be largely applied to different types of diseases. We have also created a model of website-based «VETALGIS» (Veterinary Algerian GIS) in order to digitalize the veterinary sector and minimize the problem of the lack of data, organize data and facilitate access, which will improve networking and communication between institutions responsible for livestock
disease management. GIS spatial analysis techniques have proven to be a useful tool that can support the decision-making process in planning, implementing and monitoring FMD and PPR control strategies in endemic and high-risk areas.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.142
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Effects of newly synthesized xanthene-3-ones on Pseudomonas aeruginosa –
Experimental study on rats
Authors: Alisa Smajović, Elma Veljović, Mirza Čelebičić
Pages: 153 - 163
Abstract: The need for new drugs that will have an antimicrobial effect is increasing every day. Xanthenes are cyclic, organic compounds of natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic origin, which in many studies have shown good antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, neuroprotective and many other biological effects and are interesting for further research. In the study, the antimicrobial activity of two newly synthesized xanthenic compounds was investigated: 2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxy-5-bromophenyl)-3H-xanthene-3-one (Compound 1) and 2,6,7-trihydroxy-9-(3-bromophenyl)-3H-xanthene-3- one (Compound 2) to a wound infection caused by a bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) on rats (n=36). The animals were divided into 6 groups. The first group was
treated with Compound 1 in the concentration of 0,626 mg/g, the second group with Compound 1 in the concentration of 1 mg/g, the third with Compound 2 in the concentration of 0,626 mg/g and the fourth by Compound 2 in the concentration of 1 mg/g. The fifth and sixth groups were comparative (gentamicin) and control (vaseline). The Compounds were prepared in the form of a dermal preparation with the concentrations of 0,626 mg/g and 1 mg/g and were applied to the wound every day in the amount of 1 mg. Swabs of the wounds were taken on 1.,2., 3., and 7. day after infection to determine whether there has been a reduction in the number of bacteria. The results showed that both Compounds ultimately led to the subsidence of the infection, but a statistically significant difference was only observed between the groups that were treated with Compound 2 in the concentration of 0,626 mg/g compared to the control group.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.153
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Quality properties and fatty acids composition of breast meat from
Japanese quails with different varieties grown under warm climate
Authors: Alper Güngören, Gülsah Güngören, Ü. Gülcihan Şimşek, Ökkeş Yilmaz, Muammer Bahşi, Sultan Aslan
Pages: 163 - 173
Abstract: As climate change is expected to worsen in the future, raising livestock animals used in meat production with maximum efficiency in warm climate conditions may become a necessity to meet food needs. To this end, the experiment was carried out to determine the quality properties of breast meat from different colored Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) grown under the warm climate conditions. A total of 100 quails were used, with 25 each of black, white, golden, and gray. After the quails were grown under the warm climate conditions from the 15th-42nd Day, they were slaughtered, and the chemical-physicochemical properties, along with the fatty acid composition of the breast muscles, were determined. The values of b* (yellowness) were significantly lower in the black quails (P<0.01). The lowest fat content of meat was determined in black and gray quails, and the highest fat content was determined in white quails (P<0.001). The proportion of total saturated fatty acids was the highest in the gray quails, and total monounsaturated fatty acids were found to be the highest in the golden and the lowest in the gray quails (P<0.05). The highest proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was detected in gray quails and the lowest in golden and white quails (P<0.01). The white and golden quails had the highest n-6: n-3 proportions, while the gray quails had the lowest (P<0.01). This study concluded that quail varieties had distinct traits that arise due to varying environmental circumstances. Quail varieties growing in warm climates may have different meat quality parameters.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.163
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Forensic meaning of Core temperature - An indicator for assessing the
severity of heatstroke in an animal model
Authors: Emina Dervišević, Lejla Dervišević, Zurifa Ajanović, Aida Bešić, Adis Salihbegović, Ekrema Mujarić, Muamer Dervišević
Pages: 183 - 191
Abstract: Sudden deaths during efforts that are multifactorial and associated with exposure of the body to high temperatures beyond the power of thermoregulatory mechanisms are increasingly common. Autopsies are often performed, but the evidence is insufficient and non-specific. The research is aimed to determine the core temperature values of rats exposed to different water temperatures (37°C, 41°C, 44°C), before the start of the experiment (Tb), after immersion in water (Tu), after 20 minutes of exposure and at death (Ts) in rats for hyperthermia and heat stroke. Forty rats were divided into five groups depending on the temperature and length of exposure to water: control group-CG37, G41-hyperthermia- group which exposure time was 20 minutes at 41°C, G41-heat stroke- group exposed until death at 41°C, G44- hyperthermia- group which exposure time was 20 minutes at 44°C, G44- heat stroke- group exposed until death at 44°C. A RET-4 probe was used to measure the core temperature of rats. Significant changes in the body temperature of rats were observed during the lethal outcome, p<0.0005. After exposure to water temperature for a period of 20 minutes, depending on the group, it was observed that the body temperatures of rats differed significantly between G37 and G41, CG37 and G44, p<0.0005 and G41 and G44, p<0.0005. A significant difference was also observed in the post mortem temperature of groups G41 and G44, p=0.01, a significant difference between body temperatures in groups CG37, G41-hyperthermia, G41- heat stroke, G44-hyperthermia and G44-heat stroke (p<0.0005), and the significance of the differences in the CG37 group was p=0.044. Exposure of albino rats to different water temperatures also led to the changes in the internal temperature; normothermia was established through thermoregulation in the control group, and in the other groups, hyperthermia and heat stress occurred.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.183
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Efficacy of autogenous formalin killed whole cells vaccine against
Edwardsiellosis in striped catfish (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus)
Authors: Sefti Heza Dwinanti, Nabella Aryani Utami, Tanbiyaskur, Madyasta Anggana Rarassari, Sugeng Prayogo, Retno Cahya Mukti
Pages: 192 - 198
Abstract: This research aims to make a vaccine from Edwardsiella ictaluri isolated from local isolate. It was carried out at Aquaculture Laboratory of Aquaculture Department, Sriwijaya University. Bacterial isolate was a stock from Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Before vaccination, fish had already adapted to pellets and aquaria conditions. After 14 days post-vaccination (dpv) catfish was infected by E. tarda 107 CFU.ml-1 administrated by injection. The result revealed that vaccination can protect fish from edwardsiellosis better than non-vaccinated fish with Relative Percent Survival (RPS) value was 63.64 % and antibody titer increased from 7 dpv and greater at 14 dpv. In fact, the RPS value was less than 70% but there were no hematological disorders after vaccination. It means the whole cells vaccine can be used as a vaccine candidate to protect striped catfish from edwardsiellosis. Furthermore, some experiments need to be developed to increase RPS value in the future.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.192
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Partial replacement of soybean meal by broad beans or field peas in
Japanese quails’ diet
Authors: Amel Bensalah, Amir Agabou
Pages: 208 - 225
Abstract: This study was conducted to determine feed formulas specific to the Japanese quail C. japonica by partially substituting imported
soybean meal with locally produced and cheaper protein-crops. Each formula contained either Entire Broad Beans (EBB), Heat-treated Decorticated Broad Beans (HDBB) or Entire Field Peas (EFP), each one at several replacement levels (10, 20 and 30%) of the whole formula. The results showed that feed containing HDBB led to better growth performances as compared to all the other formulas. Substitution with EFP recorded close effects to the control formula, but its high fiber and average protein contents represent a limitation to its incorporation at higher levels. EBB had adverse impacts, especially on growth performances. HDBB incorporation led to a significant hypoglycemia (batches 20% and 30%) (p=0.0039 and p=0.0049, respectively), and a considerable reduction of uremia (all batches) (p=0.0047, p=0009 and p=0.0227, in that order) with hypercalcemia (batches 20 and 30%) (p=0.0285 and p=0.0208. respectively), hyperphosphatemia (all batches) (p=0.0064, p=0.0163 and p=0.0027. respectively) and normal cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, proteinemia, serum creatinine, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamicpyruvic transaminase (GTP) amounts. EBB induced a very significant hypoglycemia (at 30% replacement) (P=0.0015), and hypouremia (batch 10%) (p=0.0019) with hypercalcemia (batch 30%) (p=0.0035), hyperphosphatemia (batch 20%) (p=0.0048) and normal cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, proteinemia, serum creatinine, GOT and GPT. On the other hand, EFP had no effect (p>0.05) on the biochemical parameters of C. japonica except a non-significant decrease of uremia in batch 10% (p=0.49). Accordingly, it can be suggested that Field Peas and Treated Broad Beans could be possible substitutes to soybean meal in quails’ feed production.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.208
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- A case of simultaneously detected rectovaginal fistula and atresia ani in
a kitten
Authors: Bahar Gezer, Rabia Buse Erdoğan, Merve Yilmaz, Zeynep Günay Uçmak, Aslıhan Baykal, İsmail Kirşan
Pages: 219 - 224
Abstract: A 45-day-old female kitten was admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinics of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa with complaints of vomiting, abdominal swelling and difficulty in defecation after switching to dry food. The mucous membranes were pale pink, the palpable lymph nodes were of normal size, the furs were dull, the abdomen was swollen, intestinal fullness, and the normal posture on all fours were noticed. On clinical examination, it was seen that the anus was completely closed, and the faeces was coming from the vagina. In this case, Type II atresia and recto-vaginal fistula were observed simultaneously. General anesthesia was administered to the kitten whose vital signs and hemogram values were within the normal reference range, and an anal opening surgery was performed. In this case report, the surgical intervention of the rarely seen congenital defects and
the post-surgery process were discussed. It is concluded that the atresia ani and recto-vaginal fistula cases, which are successfully treated by a surgical intervention, may simultaneously exist in 45-day-old kittens, and both clinical and surgical approaches at an early age would have great importance in such congenital cases.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.219
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
- Analyzing the distribution of slaughtered cattle breed in Edirne
slaughterhouse
Authors: Sevinç Arap, Nurşen Öztürk, Halil Güneş
Pages: 225 - 237
Abstract: It was aimed to determine the cattle breed distribution, which were slaughtered in the Edirne slaughterhouse between 2017-2021. Slaughterhouse data were used as the material for this study that accounted for a number of 49,473 slaughtered cattle. Cattle were first grouped into pure breeds and cross-breeds, and then, sub-genotypes of cross-breeds were determined. Twenty-one pure breeds and nineteen cross-breeds were determined corresponding to the identified genotypes. Furthermore, 148 sub-genotypes in crosses according to sire breed were observed, which accounted for 169 genotypes in total. It was determined that most of the slaughtered cattle were Holstein-Black (53.8%), followed by Simmental crosses (13.9%), pure Simmental (11.2%), Brown Swiss crosses (4.6%), pure Brown Swiss (4.2%) and Holstein-Black crosses (2.8%). Among the crossbreeds, the highest rate was found for the Simmental crosses (54.8%). Brown Swiss (18.0%), Holstein-Black (10.9%), Aberdeen-Angus (6.0%) and Belgium Blue (2.4%) crosses followed the Simmental crosses. Considering the results, beside of the cattle breeds mostly grown in the region, other breeds that were used for the meat production would contribute to identify the farmers’ breed preferences. Determination of the wide variety of cattle breeds or genotypes implies that farmers may have fattened various breeds without a proper breeding programme. Improper implementation of a breeding programme may cause herds to loss its uniformity and efficiency. We suggest policy makers to determine a proper breeding and/or crossbreeding programme by considering expectation and available resources of the farmers.
PubDate: 2023-08-17
DOI: 10.51607/22331360.2023.72.2.225
Issue No: Vol. 72, No. 2 (2023)
|
Open Access journal
