 Subjects -> VETERINARY SCIENCE (Total: 220 journals)
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- The Role of Gut Microbiota-derived Tryptophan Metabolites in Mycobacterium
tuberculosis Infection: A Mini-Review
Authors: Novi Maulina, Zinatul Hayati, Kartini Hasballah, Zulkarnain Zulkarnain, Baidillah Zulkifli
Pages: 1 - 10
Abstract: The gut microbiota has a major contribution in human physiology and influences disease pathogenesis, including in tuberculosis (TB) lung infection. Gut-lung axis has demonstrated the interplay of these two organs, mediated by metabolites produced by the gut microbes or derived from host molecules transformation. Tryptophan (Trp) is one of the essential aromatic amino acids catabolized as kynurenine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and indole derivatives, including indole propionic acid (IPA), via 3 pathways. The latter was microbiota-derived Trp catabolism, which has known to have an immunomodulatory role, as ligands for Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Intriguingly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis required Trp as a nitrogen source, especially in CD4+ T cells-generated stress, to survive in the phagosome of macrophage and to cause disease. Recently, IPA is identified as a new anti-mycobacterial compound, which is specific and has broad spectrum of anti-mycobacterial activity. The structural similarity of this gut microbiota-derived metabolite and Trp allows IPA to inhibit the TrpE anthranilate synthase in Trp biosynthesis pathway in Mtb. In this review, we summarize findings from recent work by focusing on the role of Trp metabolites in host cells in TB infection. A better understanding of this chemical signal could potentially serve as a novel strategy for managing this chronic inflammatory disease.
PubDate: 2023-01-25
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30165
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Use of Vinegar as A Candidate Substitute Of Acetic Acid (CH3COOH) in The
Rivalta Test Method in Diagnosis Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
Domestic Cat
Authors: Zuraidawati Zuraidawati, Maryulia Dewi, Nanda Yulian Syah, Rumi Sahara Zamzami
Pages: 11 - 14
Abstract: This study aims to test the samples of abdominal fluid from cats suspected of having FIP by using vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a viral disease that is not zoonotic, but is very fatal with an infectious prognosis in various types of cats and it’s transmitted orally. This study aims to determine the positive or negative results of FIP infection in cats. The diagnosis of FIP can be seen through clinical symptoms such as lack of appetite, diarrhea, weakness, dehydration (reaching 8%), Body Condition Score (BCS) 2, enlarged abdomen, and ultrasound results showing ascites and swollen kidneys. This study uses vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. The test was carried out experimentally in a laboratory. The research data were analyzed descriptively, the results of a positive FIP reaction were indicated by the presence of a cloudy jellyfish-shaped precipitate in the test tube.
PubDate: 2023-01-25
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30497
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Detection of Reductase and Catalasse Enzymes in Goats Milk (Capra
aegaggrus hircus) Sold in Banda Aceh
Authors: Andi Novita, Aulia Nuddi Yanti Putri, Herialfian Herialfian, M Isa, T Armansyah TR, M Hasan
Pages: 15 - 19
Abstract: This study aims to determine of reductase and catalase enzymes in pasteurized goat's milk sold in Banda Aceh. The sample used was pasteurized goat's milk which was sold in Banda Aceh as many as 30 samples were taken by census. The research method used is a survey study method with a cross-sectional approach. Sample testing using reductase test and catalase test. The results showed that the reductase time of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk averaged 3-5 hours and the catalase number of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk was below 3 ml. Based on the results, it shows that there are reductase enzymes and catalase enzymes in goat's milk and have good quality in Banda Aceh.
PubDate: 2023-01-25
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28592
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Prevalence of Cases of Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) in
Patients Treated at Veterinary Teaching Hospital During 2022
Authors: Rumi Sahara Zamzami, Budianto Panjaitan, Nanda Yuliansyah, Riyan Ferdian, Wahyu Eka Sari, Nurliana Nurliana, Awaluddin Awaluddin, Maurina Rizki, Adyar Hasyimi
Pages: 20 - 22
Abstract: Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a complex patient condition caused by many factors. This case is the reason why pet owners always need veterinary assistance. Cats with urinary tract disorders show almost similar symptoms such as pollakiuria, hematuria, stranguria, urethral obstruction, and even urination outside the litter box. Urethral obstruction is a common complication in cases of FUS, which often occurs in male cats. Based on this, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of FUS in the cat patient population at RSHP in 2022. The total number of patients treated at Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) Prof. Dr. Noerjanto Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala was 849, and 38 cases of cat patients experiencied FLUTD. This research is an observational study to see the prevalence rate of FLUTD in a population of cat patients treated at the VTH. Based on the research that has been done, the prevalence value of animals experiencing FLUTD is 4.47. The number of cases of FLUTD in male cats is (97.3%) and for female cats (2.63%). The incidence of FLUTD that occurred in cats aged 2 to 4 years old.
PubDate: 2023-01-25
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30505
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in dairy animals and their owners in
selected sites, Central Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Temesgen Kassa Getahun, Beksisa Urge, Gezahegn Mamo
Pages: 23 - 39
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2019 to May, 2020 with the aim of determining seroprevalence and identifying the potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy cows with recent cases of abortion and their owners and farm workers in selected sites in the central highland of Oromia, Ethiopia. The overall seroprevalence of bovine and human brucellosis was 0.61% (95%CI: 0.016–2.09) and 1.21% (95%CI: 0.032–4.27) using combined RBPT and CFT tests, respectively. The late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p =0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p=0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p=0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR = 11.511, p=0.027) were found to be significantly associated with seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. Human housing (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR = 21.19, p = 0.017), and drinking raw milk from aborted (OR = 5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR = 4.22, p= 0.029) cows all had a significant influence on human brucellosis seropositivity. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge of bovine brucellosis and their zoonotic effects (93.3%) in contrast most of them drink raw milk. Implementation of a test and slaughter strategy with compensation is recommended with this low prevalence. In the case of human brucellosis, implementing one health approach framework should be practiced.
PubDate: 2023-02-17
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28054
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Isolation and Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria on Cattle Farms
Indicated by Mastitis
Authors: Siti Rani Ayuti, Zahwa Amelia Pratiwi, Masda Admi, Darniati Darniati, M Isa, Herrialfian Herrialfian
Pages: 40 - 46
Abstract: Mastitis is one of the causes of diseases that can reduce livestock production. Mastitis can be caused by various types of bacteria that cause a decrease in livestock production that is difficult to cure with antibiotics has been reported resistance. This study aims to determine gram-negative bacteria that can be the cause of mastitis in cows. The study used samples taken from folk farms by means of livestock udder swabs. Bacterial isolation is carried out by planting in Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media and identifying by Gram staining and biochemical tests (maltose and lactose). The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, namely the types of bacteria as the causative agents of mastitis. The results of the study obtained bacteria that cause mastitis of gram-negative species Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp yang classified as Gram-negative bacteria. It can be concluded that in cows indicated mastitis there are Gram-negative bacteria, these are morphologically identified, namely Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp.
PubDate: 2023-02-12
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30735
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- The number of Leydig cells in high‑fat diet-fed rats after
administration of kepok banana peel extract
Authors: Baidillah Zulkifli, Muslim Akmal, Sri Wahyuni, Gholib Gholib, Mulyadi Adam, Zainuddin Zainuddin, Triva Murtina Lubis, Nora Usrina, Fadya Nirmala
Pages: 47 - 52
Abstract: The impact of free radicals on testicular Leydig cells can result in the disruption of male reproductive health. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet on Leydig cells and the potential of kepok banana peel extract as a medication to mitigate these effects. In total of 20 adult male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups and treated with standard feed (P1), high-fat feed (P2), high-fat feed with simvastatin (P3), and high-fat feed with banana peel extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW (P4 and P5). After 60 days of treatment, the number of Leydig cells was determined using HE staining methods. Data were analyzed using an One Way ANOVA test. The results showed that the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of kepok banana peel extract (P4) was able to maintain the number of Leydig cells and counteract the negative effects of a high-fat diet. These findings suggest that kepok banana peel extract may have the potential as a herbal medicine for supporting male reproductive health.
PubDate: 2023-02-17
DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30689
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
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