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- Thermo-acoustic environment of a pig farm facility with different
superimposed bed materials
Authors: Francine Aparecida Sousa, Alessandro Torres Campos, Daiane Cecchin, Pedro Ivo Sodré Amaral, Rony Antonio Ferreira, Jaqueline de Oliveira Castro, Soraia Viana Ferreira
Pages: 78 - 84
Abstract: The objective of this work was to compare different bedding materials in swine production systems by evaluating noise and thermal environment indexes. The experiment was performed during June and July, in the finishing phase, in a pig farm facility using superimposed beds. Three treatments were compared: superimposed beds comprised of shavings + sugarcane bagasse (S + B), superimposed bed comprised of sugarcane bagasse (BAG) and superimposed bed comprised of shavings (SHA); there was a concrete floor underneath all beds. Thermal comfort was evaluated by means of the black globe temperature (BGTI), temperature humidity index (THI), thermal radiation charge (TRC) and enthalpy (h) of the environment. The average noise level (dB) was also calculated. Significant differences between the BGHI means were observed between the evaluated treatments. The highest BGHI values occurred for treatment (S + B) in most time periods in relation to the other treatments. The lowest BGHI values were observed in the morning and evening, while the highest values occurred between 11:00 am and 03:00 pm. There was no significant difference between the treatments for the enthalpy values. The highest noise values were observed in treatment (SHA). However, in all treatments, noise remained below the levels recommended by the norm (NR-15). The system with superimposed beds comprised by shavings provided highest thermal comfort for the animals in the finishing phase.
PubDate: 2017-07-01
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017)
- Behavioral and thermoregulatory characteristics of Dorper sheep
Authors: Tatiana Saraiva Torres, Lucimar Oliveira Silva, Laylson da Silva Borges, Luciano Silva Sena, Antonia Leidiana Moreira, Leandra Polliny Morais Machado, João Paulo Barbosa Cardoso, Antônio de Sousa Junior
Pages: 85 - 90
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioral and thermoregulatory characteristics of Dorper sheep. The experiment involved 12 adult females in which the respiratory frequency (RF), heart rate (HR), and rectal temperature (RT) were measured and the following behavioral activities were evaluated: Idling while standing, Idling while lying, Drinking, Ruminating while standing, Ruminating while lying, Defecating, Urinating, Walking, Vocalizing, Biting, Coughing, Playing, Fighting, Rubbing, Self-cleaning, and Sleeping. The physical analysis of the thermal environment in the facility was obtained at the meteorological station of the Technical School of Teresina, where the air temperature (AT) and air relative humidity (ARH) were recorded. The black globe humidity index was obtained using a thermometer inserted in a black globe. A significant difference was detected for AT and ARH, especially the former, which had a higher value in the afternoon period (36.5 ºC). A significant effect was observed for the physiological variables, for which the highest values were found in the afternoon period, as follows: 85.30 mov./min, 93.11 beats/min, and 39.51 ºC (RF, HR, and RT, respectively). Air temperature had positive correlations of 0.572, 0.516, and 0.165 with all thermoregulatory characteristics (RF, HR, and RT, respectively). There was a significant difference for the ‘Idling while standing’, ‘Idling while lying’, ‘Ruminating while lying’, ‘Vocalizing’, ‘Eating’, ‘Playing’, and ‘Sleeping’ behaviors in relation to the evaluated periods of the day. The animals showed a certain level of thermal discomfort, especially in the afternoon period.
PubDate: 2017-07-01
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017)
- Productive and reproductive performance, behavior and physiology of cattle
under heat stress conditions
Authors: José Romero Alexandre Alves, Thiago Antunes Adriano de Andrade, Daniel de Medeiros Assis, Thyago Araújo Gurjão, Lídio Ricardo Bezerra de Melo, Bonifácio Benício de Souza
Pages: 91 - 96
Abstract: This review aimed to detail the main information pertinent to the physiological and behavioral mechanisms evidenced in cattle under heat stress conditions. Brazilian cattle-breeding represents the second largest herd in the world, promoting great impact on the country's exports. Throughout their adaptability, these animals were submitted to different environments, which directly influence productive and reproductive performance, seeking compensatory mechanisms to maintain body homeostasis. Therefore, we can consider that heat stress directly affects the physiological and behavioral responses of cattle subjected to high temperatures. Adaptability of breeds to tropics should be considered of extreme importance in the choice of a productive activity for cattle-breeding and, particularly, in hot environments.
PubDate: 2017-07-01
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017)
- Environment, behaviour and welfare aspects of dairy cows related to
compost bedded pack barns system
Authors: Jaqueline Agnes Pilatti, Frederico Márcio Corrêa Vieira
Pages: 97 - 105
Abstract: The compost bedded pack barns is a loose housing confinement system for dairy cows, which aims to provide greater comfort for them in the rest area. Therefore, our objective of this review was to investigate the environment, behavioral and welfare aspects of dairy cows in the compost bedded pack barns system. The system is characterized by the large collective bed area, in which the objective is the composting of that area. In this way, the ideal bed management is the key point to the success of this system. In addition to daily revolving, an efficient ventilation system is required to perform the air changes in the shed, and maintain adequate bed humidity levels, while maintaining a comfortable dry environment for the cows to lie down. The ventilation system also has great importance in the cows’ thermal comfort. In seasons of higher average temperatures, ventilation reduces possible stress situations, raising the animal welfare level. Another characteristic of compost bedded pack barns is the greater spacing per animal in the bed area, allowing animals to express the behavior of lying down naturally and decreasingthe competition among animals. The compost bedded pack barns system presents the potential to provide comfort and welfare for dairy cows. However, good bed management and microclimatic environmental conditions are necessary. However, further studies are needed at the national level to provide more informations on the ideal management of the system under climatic conditions in Brazil and the cows’ behavior in the system
PubDate: 2017-07-01
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017)
- Thermoregulatory responses and adaptability of Anglo-nubian goats
maintained in thermoneutral temperature and under heat stress
Authors: Tiago Gonçalves Pereira Araujo, Dermeval Araujo Furtado, José Wallace Barbosa Nascimento, Ariosvaldo Nunes Medeiros, José Pinheiro Lopes Neto
Pages: 106 - 111
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses and adaptability of Anglo-Nubian goat breeds by Ibéria and Benezra tests, maintained in bioclimatic chamber under different temperatures: 20, 24, 28 and 32oC, where temperature and air relative humidity and black globe humidity index (BGHI) were measured. The design was completely randomized with four treatments and six replicates. With the increase of temperature and the BGHI, increased the surface temperature, the cardiac and respiratory frequency, and the thermal gradient, the rectal temperature remained within normal limits. The adaptability tests indicated that animals in the temperatures of 28 and 32°C had the physiological parameters altered to maintain the warm-blooded, which BGHI values corresponding were 78.21 and 82.55 respectively, characterizing a warning and danger situation.
PubDate: 2017-07-01
DOI: 10.14269/2318-1265/jabb.v5n3p106-111
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 3 (2017)
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