 Subjects -> VETERINARY SCIENCE (Total: 220 journals)
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- Ruminant genetic resources of Karnataka state: Status, distribution and
characteristics
Authors: RAHUL BEHL, JYOTSNA DHINGRA BEHL, V S KULKARNI, ANAND JAIN
Pages: 123– - 123–
Abstract: This article attempts to evaluate the present status and distribution of the ruminant genetic resources of
Karnataka state vis-a-vis the exotic/crossbred and non-descript animals. The characteristics of the breeds of the
ruminant species of the Karnataka state, including the new populations and breeds recently identified in the state like
Dharwari and South Kanara buffaloes, Mouli and Yalga sheep and Nandidurga and Bidri goats, are also discussed.
The total population of ruminant livestock, comprising cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat in Karnataka is 28.673 million.
The density of 149.50 ruminants per km2 in this state is only marginally less than the national average of 160.15.
However, the density of sheep at 57.62 per km2 is two and a half times than the national figure of 22.59. During
20012-2019, the total cattle and buffalo population have registered a decline of 11.01 and 14.00%, whereas, the
sheep and goat population has shown an increase of 15.31 and 28.31%. During 2007-2012, periods for which the
breed-wise data is available, the population of pure indigenous cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat have dwindled by
37.71, 32.93, 27.86 and 69.00%, compared to only -9.39, -19.79, 0.26 and -22.05% change in the total population
of these species, respectively. Serious conservation efforts are required to arrest this decline in the ruminant genetic
resources of the state of Karnataka.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.103774
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection in bovines of Haryana
Authors: VANDNA BHANOT, RAHUL YADAV, PANKAJ KUMAR, ANAND PRAKASH
Pages: 133– - 133–
Abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infections are the major constraint for livestock production causing huge economic
losses to the livestock producers in terms of decreased milk production and reduced weight gain. Gastrointestinal
disorders including diarrhoea may be caused by various etiological factors but parasitic infections play a significant
role. A total of 1755 faecal samples from cattle (n = 594) and buffaloes (n = 1161) with the history of digestive disturbances/disorders were tested at four Disease Investigation Laboratories at Ambala, Bhiwani, Mahendergarh
and Rohtak in Haryana during July 2020 to June 2021. All the faecal samples were processed by floatation and sedimentation methods. Coprological examination revealed 33.5% cattle and 37.3% buffalo as positive for GI
parasites. The major parasitic infection of Amphistomes (6.3%), Buxtonella sulcata (14.8%) and Strongyles (11.05%)
was observed in bovines. Highest infection of Strongyles (13.3%) and Buxtonella sulcata (17.4%) was found in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in calves were in higher frequency than adult animals. Season-wise GI parasitic infections were recorded to be non-significantly higher in rainy season. Area-wise
occurrence of parasitic infection was recorded highest in Rohtak followed by Bhiwani, Ambala and the least in Mahendergarh district of Haryana. This kind of study is found to be helpful in formulating effective control trategies
against GI parasitic infections on regional basis.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.128936
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Prof Application of neuromuscular blockade using Rocuronium for performing
different surgeries and its reversal by Neostigmine-Glycopyrrolate
combination in dogs
Authors: YUDHVIR RANA, ADARSH KUMAR, ROHIT KUMAR, AMIT KUMAR, S P TYAGI, SARA KAUSHAL, AKSHAY KUMAR, MANGAL SINGH, VIJAY MAHANTESH, KALPNA THAKUR
Pages: 138– - 138–
Abstract: This study was executed in the clinical setup to investigate the effects of Rocuronium and its reversal by Neostigmine and Glycopyrrolate (Myopyrolate) combination in Propofol-Isoflurane anaesthetized dogs. Rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade was applied to 21 clinical cases. Out of which, 19 cases were of orthopaedic surgeries and 2 cases of ovariohysterectomy. After the animal had stabilized on the mixture of isoflurane and oxygen, the relaxation of muscle was induced using Rocuronium @ 0.5 mg/kg b.wt. Immediately IPPV was provided in volume control mode. Neuromuscular blockade was reversed using a single syringe combination drug having both Neostigmine and Glycopyrrolate (Myopyrolate) @ 0.05 mg/kg b.wt and @ 0.01 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. Rocuronium caused the centering of the ocular globe gradually in less than 30 sec. During orthopaedic surgeries, the reduction of fractured ends became easy without much tissue trauma. In ovariohysterectomy surgeries, the appropriate level of abdominal muscle relaxation further helped in the easy exteriorization of the ovarian stump. The onset time for Rocuronium was 17.64±1.10 sec and its duration of action was 27.82±0.72 min. The use of Rocuronium along with IPPV caused minimal alteration of the physiological parameters with no clinical consequences and thus can be considered a complication-free anaesthetic protocol for interventions demanding muscle relaxation.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.129882
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Protective effect of flavonoid and saponin-rich fractions against renal
toxicity induced by mercuric chloride in rodent model
Authors: VIPUL C LADUMOR, CHIRAG M MODI, SHREESHA RAO S, URVESH D PATEL, HARSHAD B PATEL, CHANDRASINH N MAKWANA
Pages: 144– - 144–
Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorating potential of the flavonoid-rich fraction of Phyllanthus emblica (FRFPE) and saponin-rich fraction of Tribulus terrestris (SRFTT) against mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced renal toxicity in rats. Forty-two male SD rats were divided into seven different groups, namely normal control (C1), toxicity control (C2), vehicle control (C3), standard control (C4), Flavonoid rich fraction of Phyllanthus emblica (FRFPE; T1), Saponin rich fraction of Tribulus terrestris (SRFTT; T2) and FRFPE + SRFTT (T3). Serum biochemical markers and oxidative stress indicators were measured. Histopathological examination of kidney sections was also carried out. Our data revealed that BUN and creatinine levels in rats’ serum were significantly higher, whereas serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were significantly lower in the toxicity group. HgCl2 administration reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and an elevated MDA in kidney tissue when compared with the control. The treatment with FRFPE and SRFTT markedly attenuated HgCl2-induced oxidative stress in kidney. Further, oxidative stress-related alteration in biochemical markers was confirmed by histopathological changes in rats of different treatment groups. According to histopathology of the kidney, the treatment of FRFPE and SRFTT considerably reduced the damage produced by HgCl2 in rats. LC-QTOF-MS analysis of FRFPE and SRFTT showed the presence of tannins, triterpenoids, alkaloids, gallic acid, steroid derivatives, quinoline derivatives and flavonoids. According to the findings, the flavonoid-rich fraction of P. emblica and the saponin-rich fraction of T. terrestris showed an antioxidant activity and protected the rat kidney from mercury-induced oxidative damage.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.127671
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- The Ovulatory response of Beef and Dairy cows subjected to two follicular
emergence synchronization protocols before superovulation
Authors: M A GONZÁLEZ–RAMOS, O ÁNGEL–GARCÍA, F G VELIZ–DÉRAS, L R GAYTÁN–ALEMÁN, J M GUILLEN–MUÑOZ, A SOLÍS CORRALES, H Z GUERRERO–GALLEGO, J L MORALES–CRUZ
Pages: 153– - 153–
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the superovulation response of Beef and Dairy donor cows to two different
follicular emergence synchronization protocols. Twenty-two beef and dairy cows were divided into two groups viz.
Conventional group (n=8) having four Holsteins and four Charolais cows between days 10 and 11 of their estrous
cycle and IVD+EB group (n=14) with six Holsteins and eight Charolais cows treated with an intravaginal device (IVD) containing 1.9 g of P4 + 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) between days 10 and 11 of their estrous cycle. The superovulation protocol consisted of intramuscular application of FSHp twice a day for four days, in decreasing doses (850 IU for Dairy cows and 500 IU for Beef cows). The number of follicles (13±1.1 vs. 7.5±0.9) and embryos
collected (11.7±2.1 vs 6.1±1.0) were significantly affected by the treatment in the Beef cows but, the protocols did
not significantly affect these variables in Dairy cows (12.2±0.9 vs 10.4±0.7, respectively). Regarding the production
of non-viable embryos, a significant difference was only found in the group of Beef cows for both treatments (8.2±2.3 vs. 1.3±0.3, respectively). Results showed that IVD+EB is not necessary for the superstimulation of the emergence of a new follicular wave before superovulation when it starts in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle in Holstein cows and beef cows, since they had similar results without significant differences between both treatments.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.128293
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Blood biochemical levels of reproductive disorders cases in Limousine
Crossbred cows
Authors: MUCHAMAD LUTHFI, SRI WAHYUNINGSIH, GATOT CIPTADI, TRINIL SUSILAWATI
Pages: 158– - 158–
Abstract: This study determined the differences in the biochemical blood levels of Limousine crossbred cows with reproductive disorders and cows that successfully become pregnant. Limousine crossbred cows (45) were artificially
inseminated, and observed for reproductive disorders after 42 days. The observation was conducted by using rectal
palpation and Ultrasonography. The cows were grouped into pregnant cows and cow with reproductive disorder (infertile). The cholesterol level, calcium, total protein, and blood glucose were analyzed and statistically tested
by t-test using Microsoft Excel 2019 program. The observation of cows was divided into two groups, eight of 45 were normal or pregnant and 37 of them had reproductive disorder: 8 of repeat breeding, 10 of ovarian dysfunction, 11 of cystic ovary, and 8 of silent heat. The total cholesterol of Limousine crossbred cow varied, pregnant cows demonstrated higher cholesterol than those with the reproductive disorder. The blood protein, calcium, and glucose
concentration also showed significantly low concentrations in Limousine cow with reproductive disorders. In conclusion, cows with reproductive disorders were marked by low cholesterol, calcium, total protein, and glucose
levels.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.128637
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Porcine salivary proteome analysis identifies potential early
pregnancy-specific protein biomarkers
Authors: MONTI DAS, ANKAN DE, PARTHASARATHI BEHERA, MOHAMMAD AYUB ALI, PRASANT KUMAR SUBUDHI, GIRIN KALITA, ASHULI KHOZHIIO KAYINA, JAGAN MOHANARAO GALI
Pages: 162– - 162–
Abstract: Early diagnosis of pregnancy is of utmost importance to optimize profit in pig husbandry. Identifying candidate protein biomarkers for early diagnosis of pregnancy in a non-invasive sample such as saliva may produce a colossal
lead to accomplish the purpose. Therefore, in this study, comparative salivary proteome profile of day 12 of gestation, representing elongation of blastocysts stage and non-pregnant sows was explored by label-free quantitation (LFQ) based mass spectrometry approach to identify early pregnancy biomarkers. A total of 115 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with significant difference between non-pregnant and early pregnancy groups. Among the DEPs, majority of the proteins (82 out of 115 DEPs) were found to be down-regulated in early pregnancy group (fold change >2) compared to non-pregnant control. Functional classification and pathway analysis of the DEPs revealed involvement of most of the proteins in integrin signalling pathways, blood coagulation, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress response and regulation of protein folding. Few DEPs with higher fold change during early pregnancy such as thioredoxin, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A, alpha 1-S haptoglobin, and glutathione S-transferase pi 1 may have potential as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in pigs based on their recognized role in different pregnancy related activities. Overall, our results provide a set of salivary proteins which can be used as potential biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis after large scale validation.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.119316
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Occurrence of intraocular and orbital diseases in dogs: A retrospective
study
Authors: C NIRANJANA, MOHAMED SHAFIUZAMA, C RAMANI
Pages: 169– - 169–
Abstract: A total of 14,747 dogs were presented to Small Animal Ophthalmology unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital for different ophthalmic diseases during the period of 2018 to 2021. Out of which, 649 (4.4%) dogs had less common intraocular and orbital diseases. The remaining 14,098 (95.6%) dogs had only corneal and extraocular diseases which were not included in this incidence study. The incidence was higher with cataract (n=170, 26.19%), followed by retinal detachment (n=96, 14.79%), proptosis (n=95, 14.64%) and retinal degeneration (n=89, 13.71%). Apart from these, incidence of eyeball lesions like exophthalmos was 2.16% (n=14), enophthalmos 0.46% (n=3) and anophthalmia 0.46% (n=3). The incidence of amaurosis was 7.86% (n=51), hyphema 5.39% (n=35), lens luxation 3.08% (n=20), glaucoma 2.31% (n=15) and panophthalmitis 6.78% (n=44). Incidence of intraocular tumours 1.23% (n=8) and retrobulbar tumours was 0.92% (n=6).
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.129507
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Real time PCR quantification of goat - defensin mRNA expressed by
different tissues of Osmanabadi goat
Authors: SHENDE TEJAS C, BARATE ABHIJIT K, VIPUL
Pages: 172– - 172–
Abstract: In the present investigation, goat β-defensin (GBD) expression in different tissues of Osmanabadi goat was studied. Goat tongue epithelia had the highest level of GBD expression, followed by reticulum, rumen, omasum, kidney, spleen, liver and uterus. Minimal expression of GBD was observed in Osmanabadi tracheal tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report expression of GBD in goat rumen.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.125453
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Genetic evaluation of Frieswal cattle for first lactation milk yield from
smallholder dairy production systems in Kerala, India
Authors: A K DAS, ABHIJIT MITRA, RAVINDER KUMAR, UMESH SINGH, SUSHIL KUMAR, T V RAJA, RANI ALEX, K ANIL KUMAR, A S SIROHI, SIDDHARTHA SAHA
Pages: 176– - 176–
Abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to determine the genetic worth of Frieswal (62.5% HF × 37.5% Sahiwal) young bulls through progeny testing under field conditions in Kerala state, India. A total of 65 Frieswal bulls were evaluated based on 1037 first lactation records of their daughters calved over a period of 15 years from 1995 to 2010 were used for the study. The overall average breeding value for the first lactation 305-days milk yield was estimated as 2229.19±50.91 kg with a range of 2193.74±66.59 to 2280.62±66.59 kg. Out of 65 bulls inducted in 7 different sets, 33 bulls (50.7%) had breeding values higher than the herd average (2229.19 kg). The number of daughters per bull varied from 7 to 51 whereas the average number of daughters per bull was 16. The genetic superiority and percentage genetic superiority of the top 25 bulls (38.46%) over population ranged from 6.26 to 51.43 and 0.28 to 2.30, respectively. The least squares analysis of variance revealed that the year of calving had a significant effect on the first lactation milk yield of daughters. The increasing trend of first lactation milk yield over year / bull set observed in the present study indicates the successful implementation of large-scale progeny testing programme under field conditions.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.124591
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Characterization and performance evaluation of indigenous geese of Assam
Authors: HANIDUL HOQUE, ARUNDHATI PHOOKAN, R N GOSWAMI, DHIRESWAR KALITA, BULA DAS, ARPANA DAS, JAKIR HUSSAIN, DIMPI KHANIKAR
Pages: 182– - 182–
Abstract: The present study aimed to phenotypically characterize the indigenous geese of Assam, in North East India. These geese were observed to have two types of plumage colour (white and cinnamon) and plumage pattern (solid and bordered); and three different bill colours (black, orange, yellow). The shank and feet colour was found to be mostly orange and sometimes yellow. The eye colour was found to be black, brown and sometimes grey and skin colour as white. The least squares means for body weight at hatching, 4, 6-8 and 12 months and above age were 0.087±0.001, 3.030±0.022, 3.480±0.055 and 3.970±0.025 kg, respectively. The average age at first egg, annual egg production, clutch size and clutch interval were 320.196±2.882 days, 19.886±0.306, 9.897±0.143 and 59.206±0.531 days. Average fertility and hatchability percentage under natural condition were found to be 87.11% and 80.53%, respectively. The study revealed that the indigenous geese of Assam are heavier birds with high potential for meat production with two colour variants, viz. White and Cinnamon in the study area covering four districts. The study generated baseline information on physical characteristics, productive and reproductive performances of indigenous geese of Assam under native field condition which would be of great help in documentation and development of breed descriptors for registration, improvement and conservation.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.130306
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Comparative studies on feed efficiency and body conformation
characteristics in RIR chicken and its crosses
Authors: ANANTA KUMAR DAS, SANJEEV KUMAR, ABDUL RAHIM, JOWEL DEBNATH, LAXMIKANT SAMBHAJI KOKATE
Pages: 187– - 187–
Abstract: The feed efficiency and body conformation characteristics were evaluated in 457 chicks of RIR-selected, control
and white strains, CARI-Sonali and CARI-Debendra crossbred chicken maintained at ICAR-Central Avian Research
Institute. The least squares means of live body weight gain, feed consumption, FCR, shank length, keel length and
breast angle were estimated at various periods of ages. CARI-Debendra recorded significantly the highest live weight gains and FCRs than the other genotypes studied, though RIR-white strain outperformed CARI-Debendra in terms of FCRs at 8th and 16th week of age. CARI-Sonali significantly followed CARI-Debendra in attaining live weight gain up to 8th week of age and thereafter, RIR-selected strain exhibited better weight gain than the CARI-Sonali. CARIDebendra demonstrated better FCRs throughout the ages excepting 8th and 16th week-estimates where RIR-white strain performed the best. RIR-control strain had the least weight gains and non-beneficial FCRs throughout the ages. The male birds had more live weight gains than the females throughout the ages. The best body conformation estimates were found in CARI-Debendra followed by RIR-selected strain/ CARI-Sonali, RIR-white and RIR-control strain. The body conformation estimates of CARI-Sonali were better than that of RIR-selected strain up to 8th week of age, and were found better in males than the females throughout the ages. The findings on genotypic variation in feed efficacy and body conformation characteristics of the birds could be important to the farmers for selection of genotypes for rearing as per their preference of the traits.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.124478
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Effect of customised supplement on haemato-biochemical profile, serum
minerals, metabolic hormones, antioxidant capacity and gene expression in
crossbred calves
Authors: SANDEEP K CHAUDHARY, NARAYAN DUTTA, S E JADHAV, A K PATTANAIK
Pages: 194– - 194–
Abstract: Present experiment examined the supplementary effect of a tailor-made supplement to farmers’-based diet in crossbred calves. Male crossbred calves (15) were randomly allocated in 3 dietary treatments consisting of 5 calves in each. The dietary treatments were: Control- cereal straw-based diet with concentrate mixture as per the farmers’ practices; CS (customised supplement)- control diet with additional customised supplement @ 0.25% of BW; SD-standard diet. Serum glucose was higher in SD than control, however, CS had an intermediate response. The serum macro (Ca and i-P) and trace (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) minerals were higher in SD and CS than control. The serum T3 and T4 hormones were significantly higher in SD and CS than control group. The serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were significantly higher in SD than control groups, however, SD had an intermediate position. The total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was significantly higher in SD and CS than control group. The relative mRNA expression of cytokines, viz. IL-2 and IL-4 was significantly higher in SD and CS than control group. The relative mRNA expression of leptin (LEP) was significantly higher and ghrelin (GHRL) was significantly lower in SD than control group, however, CS had a transitional position. Thus, it can be concluded that supplementation of the customised supplement (@ 0.25% BW) to farmers’-based diet significantly improved the serum glucose concentration, metabolic hormone profile, antioxidant capacity and relative mRNA expression of cytokines and genes involved in energy metabolism in crossbred calves.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.114137
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Effect of rumen protected methionine and choline supplementation on
leukogram profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory and immunomodulatory
responses of Surti buffaloes during transition period
Authors: SAWAN D RATHWA, SANDHYA S CHAUDHARY, VIRENDRA KUMAR SINGH, TANVI D MANAT, SANJAY B PATEL
Pages: 201– - 201–
Abstract: Present study was conducted to observe effect of supplementing rumen protected methionine and choline on leukogram profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses during transition period in Surti buffaloes. Twenty-seven pregnant Surti buffaloes were selected and divided into three groups of nine animals each with following diet regime: Group I (Control)-basal diet, Group II (RPM)-basal diet+rumen protected methionine and Group III (RPM+RPC)-basal diet+rumen protected methionine+rumen protected choline. Supplementation of RPM @ 10 g/buffalo/day and RPC @ 50 g/buffalo/day was done from -15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum. Blood samples were collected at start of experiment, 1st, 3rd and 6th week postpartum. At 1st and 3rd week postpartum, significantly higher level of GSH, SOD as well as TAS and lower level of LPO were observed in Group II and III as compared to control. Group III had highest SOD as well as TAS and lowest LPO levels. TNF-α and haptaglobin during postpartum period were significantly lower in Group II and III. Group III had lowest levels of TNF-α at 1st and 3rd week and haptoglobin at 1st, 3rd and 6th week postpartum. In vitro neutrophil phagocytic activity and lymphocyte proliferation were significantly higher in Group III followed by Group II and control during entire postpartum period. It was concluded that supplementation of rumen protected methionine and choline during transition phase of Surti buffaloes reduces oxidative stress as well as inflammatory tendencies and increases antioxidant status as well as immune response. Beneficial effects of supplementing both are more than supplementing rumen protected methionine alone.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.111349
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Nutrient utilization and carcass traits in broiler chickens as affected by
nano-chromium supplementation
Authors: RENU KUMARI, ASHOKA KUMAR, JYOTI PALOD, B C MONDAL, SANJAY SINGH
Pages: 207– - 207–
Abstract: The present study was carried out to perceive the effects of dietary supplementation of nano-chromium on nutrient utilization and carcass traits in broiler chickens. For this, 120 unsexed day-old broiler chickens were procured and randomly allocated into four different treatment groups with three replicates in each. The control group (T0) was fed with a standard basal diet as per BIS (2007). Treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 were fed the basal diet with 400, 800, and 1600 ppb levels of nano-chromium, respectively for six weeks. Dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrate metabolizability were significantly improved in treatment groups T2 and T3; while organic matter and ether extract retention were found significantly higher in treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 when compared with a control group. There was no significant difference in the yield of cut-up parts (% live body weight). The supplementation of nano-chromium did not bring any significant changes in processing loss i.e. blood, feather, head, and shank, but abdominal fat was significantly reduced with increasing levels of nano-chromium. Hence, it can be concluded that dietary supplementation of 1600 ppb nano-chromium in the diet of broiler chicken improved nutrient utilization and lowered abdominal fat in broiler chicken.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.124843
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Iodine Iodine level of goats from Shiwalik and middle mountains of
north-west Himalayas in relation to soil, fodder, and water status
Authors: R A WANI, R SINGH, HIMALINI, A M BHAT, R K BHARDWAJ
Pages: 212– - 212–
Abstract: A baseline survey was carried out to determine the iodine status of goats and its relationship with the levels of soil, water, and fodder samples collected from different agro-climatic zones (sub-tropical, lower, and upper-intermediate) of the Jammu division. A total of 74 blood and 60 milk samples from goats, as well as soil (50), water (50), and fodder (56) samples, were collected. Plasma inorganic iodine (PII), milk inorganic iodine (MII), iodide ion (I-), and thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) levels were measured along with biochemical parameters. The average PII, I-, and MII concentrations of goats from unorganized farms were 55.99±4.56 ng/ml, 1.37±0.11 ppm, and 47.3±5.68 ng/ml compared 74.68±8.40 ng/ml, 1.43±0.11 ppm and 62.01±8.55 ng/ml, respectively from the organized farm. Based on PII level, 71.62% of goats had moderate deficiency (level 50-100 ng/ml) and 28.37% had severe deficiency (level <50 ng/ml). The average levels of iodine in soil and water were 0.24 ppm and 0.06 ppm, respectively. Rabi and kharif fodders showed average iodine levels of 1.25 ppm and 0.37 ppm, respectively. Significant changes were recorded in glucose, HDL and T4 levels. Pearson correlation performed between PII (ng/ml) and biochemical parameters established correlation with T4 (r = -0.465), glucose (r = 0.510), HDL (r = -0.355) and cholesterol (r = 0.271). The study concluded that iodine deficiency is prevalent in the goat population due to lower levels in the environment implying an urgent need for regular supplementation in the diet.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.124167
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Developing cropping sequence modules for round the year green fodder
production under irrigated conditions in North-west Himalayan region
Authors: MANPREET KOUR, NAZAM KHAN, RAJIV SINGH, B C SHARMA, N P THAKUR, MANDEEP SINGH AZAD, PARSHOTAM KUMAR, PUNEET CHOUDHARY, SUMIT MAHAJAN
Pages: 218– - 218–
Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to develop cropping sequence modules for round the year green fodder production for feeding 50 dairy cattle under irrigated conditions in North-West Himalayan region. Various modules were initiated at Research Farm of Instructional Livestock Farm Centre, R.S. Pura, FVSc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu during 2016 in an area of 2.5 ha. The experimental data was collected after fully establishing fodder unit during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Five fodder sequences modules viz. Module 1 – Maize+Cowpea-Berseem+Mustard; Module 2- Swankhi, Cowpea, Bajra-Berseem+Oats; Module 3 – Sorghum-oats; Module 4 – perennial module (two perennial grasses and two fodder trees) and Module 5 – azolla (supplemental module) were developed for ensuring supply of quality green fodder round the year to feed 50 dairy animals. The efficiency of modules was adjudged by taking system productivity and economic parameters of fodder and milk yield, and composition parameters for lactation study. Statistical analysis was done with one-way and two-way ANOVA. Among annual crop sequence modules, Module 1 showed highest system productivity, maximum net returns and B:C ratio while among perennial fodder grasses, hybrid napier produced significantly highest system productivity along with maximum net returns and B:C ratio. Among fodder trees, Bauhinia variegate had maximum productivity. Further, lactation studies revealed that highest total milk yield of 12 animals (10 cows and 2 buffaloes) and milk components (10 cows), viz. fat yield, protein yield, lactose yield, SNF yield, etc. were achieved when animals were fed with mixed fodder of maize+cowpea whereas, the highest milk energy was found from those sampled cows which were fed berseem+oats. Thus, under subtropical conditions of Jammu, Maize+Cowpea-Berseem+Mustard module was considered more remunerative based on system productivity and milk parameters followed by perennial fodder and Sorghum-oat module.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.126084
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Principal component analysis of body biometric traits in Marathwadi
buffaloes
Authors: POOJA B RAUT, S SAJID ALI, P V NANDEDKAR, M M CHOPADE, M B A SIDDIQUI, S M WANKHEDE, K NAVEETH
Pages: 226– - 226–
Abstract: The identification of livestock breed is a necessity for its long-term maintenance and utilisation. Principal component analysis of morphometric traits has proved successful for reduction in the number of features needed for morphological evaluation in livestock species, which keeps costs down and saves time and efforts. Eighteen body biometric traits, viz. Height at withers, Leg length, Neck length, Neck circumference, Body length, Chest girth, Abdominal girth, Face length, Face width, Ear length, Horn length, Horn base circumference, Distance between horns, Hip-bone distance, Pin-bone distance, Distance between hip and Pubis bone, Rump length and Tail length of 103 Marathwadi buffaloes were analysed by using Promax rotated PCA with Kaiser Normalization to explain body conformation. Highest correlation was observed between HW × LEG (0.77), KMO Measure of Sampling Adequacy was 0.794 while Bartlett’s test of Sphericity was significant with chi-square value of 640.494. PCA revealed five components which explained about 61.91% of the total variation. First component explained 31.05% describing general body conformation with highest loadings for BH, CG, LEG and HB. The communality ranged from 0.43 (HC) to 0.78 (FW). Total variance explained by second, third, fourth and fifth component was 10.83%, 7.34%, 6.75% and 5.92% respectively. The rotated pattern matrix showed higher loadings of NC, PG, FL for Marathwadi buffaloes. Traits having high loadings in pattern matrix had high correlation with the components under structure matrix. Present study suggested that PCA can successfully reduce the dimensionality and first PC can be used in the evaluation and comparison of body conformation in Marathwadi buffaloes.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.128668
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Hemato-biochemical profile of indigenous Badri cattle of Uttarakhand
Authors: SWATI THAKUR, A MAITI, S DHARA, S RAMANARAYANAN, R HUOZHA, S K RASTOGI
Pages: 232– - 232–
Abstract: Badri cattle is the first registered cattle breed of Uttarakhand and reared in the Kumaon and Garhwal regions. The study was undertaken with the objective of establishing the normal reference values of certain haematological and biochemical parameters in Badri cattle maintained at Instructional Dairy Farm of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. Healthy animals (40) aged between 4 to 8 years, having good body condition score (BCS) and 200-250 kg body weight were selected randomly and blood samples were collected. The haematological parameters such as haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leucocyte count (TLC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), differential leukocyte count (DLC), Neutrophil: lymphocyte (N: L), and absolute leucocyte count (ALC) were estimated. The biochemical parameters such as total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin: globulin (A:G), urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL (High density lipoprotein), LDL (Low density lipoprotein), total bilirubin, ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), GGT (Gamma-glutamyl transferase) and CK (Creatinine kinase) were also estimated. The normal haematological and biochemical values established in the present study could be helpful in the diagnosis of certain ailments in Badri cattle and the values would also be useful for academic purposes.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.123259
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
- Development, characterization and in vitro applications of a thymus cell
line from Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878)
Authors: PANKAJ SONI, PRAVATA K PRADHAN, NEERAJ SOOD
Pages: 235– - 235–
Abstract: Pangasianodon hypophthalmus is an economically important catfish species cultured in India. In the present study, a continuous cell line from the thymus of P. hypophthalmus (PHT) was established using the explant method and subcultured 52 times since development. PHT cells showed optimal growth in L-15 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum at 28°C. The species of the cell line from striped catfish was confirmed through PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S, and COI genes. The cell line was found to be Mycoplasma free. The modal chromosome number of PHT cells was 60 (2n). Immunophenotyping using different antibodies showed the epithelial nature of the cells. Cytotoxicity of arsenic and mercury was assessed using Neutral red and MTT assay, which revealed reduced cell survival with an increase in toxicant concentration. Cells transfected successfully with the GFP reporter gene using lipofectamine reagent indicated the suitability of the cell line for expression studies. The cell line has been submitted to NRFC, Lucknow with accession no. NRFC-078 at ICAR-NBFGR, Lucknow. The developed cell line will have applications in suspected viral disease investigation, transgenic, and immunological studies.
PubDate: 2023-03-09
DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i2.128796
Issue No: Vol. 93, No. 2 (2023)
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