Abstract: Background and Objective: Throughout the world, consumers are increasingly being attracted to chicken meat from naturally grown birds. A study was therefore conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary regimes on carcass and meat quality of genetically improved dual-purpose chicken. Materials and Methods: In total, 480 day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to 24 treatment combinations in a 2×3×4 factorial experiment. The treatments were breeds (Sasso and Kuroiler), diets (D1, D2 and D3) and levels of supplementation (100, 75, 50 and 25%). At the age of 20 weeks, five male chickens were randomly selected from each treatment combination and sacrificed for detailed carcass and meat quality assessment. Results: The Dressing Percentage (DP), pH, cooking loss, Crude Protein (CP) content of breast, thigh and drumstick joints were higher in Sasso than in Kuroiler. Values for redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) were higher in Kuroiler than in Sasso. Thigh muscle in birds fed D2 and D3 tended to be tougher than those fed D1. CP and ash contents in breast joints from D1 and D2 were higher than in D3 chickens. The ether extract values for drumstick from D1 and D2 were comparable but higher than in D3. The L* and a* value in the breast joint tended to increase with a reduction in the level of supplementation but it was the opposite in the case of the drumstick. Conclusion: It is concluded that the feeding regime affects the meat quality of genetically improved dual-purpose chicken in a joint-specific fashion. PubDate: 29 January, 2021
Abstract: Background and Objective: Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (AIBV) is a highly infectious pathogen of chicken. There is no medication and vaccine developed yet due to its highly mutable nature. The objective was to formulate a blend that can be effective against the viral infection in chicken. Material and Methods: Several natural essential oils, like, Gardenia jasminoides, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia serrata, Foeniculum vulgare and Daucus carota with anti-viral properties were blended and tested against Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus H120 (AIBV H120) strain using in vitro medium. The trial was conducted in an allantoic fluid medium. Different concentration of NOB was inoculated into the allantoic-fluid to challenge with the lethal dose of virus. Results: The Natural Oil Blend (NOB), at its minimum concentration up to 0.01 mL of 0.1%, was effective against the AIBV H120 strain. The NBO concentration lower than 0.1% was not sufficient to deactivate the AIBV H120 strain. The embryos up to 0.1% of NBO treated groups and negative control embryos were alive and tested negative to AIBV H120 strain, whereas the embryos in positive control died and tested positive. Conclusion: The in vitro trial proven that the essential oil Blend can deactivate the Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus H120 (AIBV H120) in in vitro medium. PubDate: 26 February, 2021
Abstract: Background and Objective: Poultry farming can provide gainful employment to poultry workers throughout the year in Bangladesh. To run successful poultry production, sanitation and waste management practices should be deliberately practiced to avoid a high rate of disease incidence. This study was conducted to assess disease incidence, the sanitation condition of the farms, personal awareness of workers and waste management practices in small scale commercial poultry farms in Mithapukur Upazila, Rangpur. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on twenty poultry farms in Mithapukur Upazila, Rangpur, Bangladesh from January-December 2019 to determine disease incidence in poultry, to monitor environmental conditions and to assess the water quality along with sanitation condition of small scale commercial poultry farms by structured questionnaire survey through personal interview. Results: The maximum disease incidence (DI) was recorded 18.23% in January while the minimum DI was recorded 7.22% in May. Minimum DI was found in those farms where workers used deep tube-well water whereas municipal supply water and tube-well water user had higher DI in poultry. Out of 20 poultry farms, 85% farms did not meet the required level of hygienic condition where DI was found to be in maximum level, however, 15% farms were found to follow the proper sanitation protocols where DI were in a minimal level. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the sanitation condition of the farms, water quality and personal awareness of workers along with their hygiene practices reduce disease incidence of poultry flocks and improve poultry production husbandry practices. PubDate: 16 February, 2021
Abstract: Background and Objective: In Côte d'Ivoire, poultry production is an essential link in the animal production system. With the intensification of the poultry sector, numerous pathologies have been observed, including mycoplasmosis. A serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies against avian mycoplasmosis in laying hens on 80 healthy improved poultry farms not vaccinated against avian mycoplasmosis in the Agnibilekrou area of Côte d'Ivoire. Materials and Methods: Survey forms were administered and blood samples were taken from 10 randomly selected hens on each farm. A total of 800 sera were collected and analyzed by 2 serological tests: Rapid Agglutination on Blade and semi-quantitative solid-phase ELISA (IMMUNOCOMB) for antibodies against M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae at the Microbiology Laboratory of EISMV in Dakar. Serum samples were analyzed individually and in pools (80) for ARL and ELISA tests respectively. Respiratory diseases represented 90% of the cases described. No farms used the laboratory for confirmatory diagnosis. Results: Laboratory analysis revealed overall seroprevalences of 90.5 and 76.5% for MG and MS, respectively, by the ARL test. By the IMMUNOCOMB ELISA test, seroprevalences of 95 and 76.25% were obtained for MG and MS, respectively. The prevalence rates for MG and MS obtained were high and varied according to geographical areas (A and C higher than B and D). Regardless of the age of the bands (9-90 weeks), the infection rates were greater than 65%. Infection with MG was higher than with MS in those under 40 weeks of age but similar in those over 40 weeks of age. Conclusion: This high infection rate requires more epidemiological investigations and the implementation of vaccination and biosecurity protocols, as well as the monitoring of breeding herds. PubDate: 12 December, 2021
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