JournalTOCs

Journal of Plant Stress Physiology
Number of Followers: 1

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2455-0477
Published by TathQeef Scientific Publishing

[17 journals]

The roles of strigolactones: Mineral compounds, indole-3 acetic acid and
GA3 content in grapevine on drought stress
- Authors: Emine Sema Çeti̇n, Hale Seçi̇lmi̇ş Canbay, Selda Daler
  Pages: 1 - 7
  Abstract: Plants have an extremely important place in the life of living creatures and in the ecological cycle. First of all, they undertake a complex phenomenon such as photosynthesis and perform critical tasks such as being raw material for different industrial branches especially for human and animal nutrition, preventing erosion, contributing to the soil in terms of organic matter, and assuring temperature control. It is also known that the environmental conditions of plants, which have such a significant place in our lives are changing day by day and the plants are faced with a vast number of adverse factors. Plants are affected by these factors of biotic or abiotic origin, which are not suitable for them, and as a consequence, they get stressed. Drought is the leading one of these stress factors. It is clearly acknowledged that endogenous hormones play a major role in the expression of plants as sensitive or tolerant as a result of responses to different types of stresses. It is known that some other substances such as jasmonates, brassinosteroids, salicylic acid and nitric oxide have been included in the endogenous hormones, which were examined under five basic groups until recently, namely auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid and ethylene. One of these hormones derived from carotenoids is strigolactones (SL). Recent studies demonstrate that this substance produced in plant roots is also at the forefront in terms of stress tolerance. In this study, the effect of SL applications on drought resistance was investigated in Kober 5 BB and 110 R American grapevine rootstocks with different drought tolerance. Rootstocks were treated with 5 and 10 µM SL and exposed to drought stress. In order to measure the effects of SLs on stress, some physical (shoot length, shoot weight, average number of leaves per shoot) and biochemical (mineral substance and endogenous hormones) analysis were carried out. In the study, it was determined that SLs are a sort of hormone that has positive effects in terms of plant growth and development, promotes plant mineral nutrition, and that there is a positive relationship between the synthesis of the endogenous hormones IAA and GA3. According to the results obtained, it is comprehended that SLs can be used as growth regulators to alleviate drought stress.
  PubDate: 2022-03-10
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2022.v8.7300
Dissection of genetic diversity present in eggplant populations using
simple sequence repeat markers
- Authors: Mahammed Faizan, B. N. Harish Babu, B. Fakrudin, D. Lakshmana, M. Rakshith
  Pages: 8 - 16
  Abstract: Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is the third most important solanaceous vegetable and most diversified within species spread across the world-geographical area. A study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity among the selected fifty-four eggplant genotypes (sub-categorized into five sub-population) using twenty-three SSR markers. The Analysis of Molecular Variance among the five sub-population of eggplant revealed the existence of 90.67% variation within populations and 9.34% variation among populations. The SSR markers analysis revealed important locus-wise information like mean Observed-Heterozygosity (0.216), mean Expected-Heterozygosity (0.496), Shannon’s Information Index (0.879), mean number of different alleles (3.209), mean number of effective alleles (2.535), Fixation-Index (0.649). Further, Phylogenetic-analysis clearly categorize genetically distinct individuals in which the most diversified clusters was cluster-1 (C1) out of total of five clusters and especially, wild cultivars were grouped into cluster-5 (C5). The obtained results can be used in eggplant breeding and germplasm conservation in a resourceful manner.
  PubDate: 2022-10-22
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2022.v8.7848
Role of inorganic and organic ions in response to salt and drought
stresses
- Authors: Akram Ghaffari
  Pages: 17 - 25
  Abstract: Plants have different responses to salt and drought stresses. They transport several ions to balance osmotic potential and stomatal closure and opening. Ions including inorganic and organic cations and anions play a crucial role to alleviate abiotic stresses (salt and drought). Inorganic cations containing Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ and inorganic anions comprising Cl-, PO42-, NO3-, SO42- have a great role in osmotic and ion hemostasis in response to salt and water stresses. Organic anions like acetate, succinate, malate, citrate and oxalate showed vital impacts on alleviating damages of drought and salt stresses that lead to higher yield in severe conditions. In order to recognize the mechanisms that increase tolerance of salt and drought stresses, this review illustrates roles of organic and inorganic anions and cations and their interactions on osmotic adjustment, stomata closure and ion hemostasis. Halophytes will be compared with glycophytes as the proper models to find out differences in stress tolerance mechanisms.
  PubDate: 2022-11-09
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2022.v8.7821
Physiological responses of cowpea simultaneously exposed to water deficit
stress and varying light intensities at vegetative and reproductive growth
stages
- Authors: O. I. Adeniyi, S. A. Adejumo, M. Fofana, F. T. Adegbehingbe
  Pages: 26 - 43
  Abstract: A combination of stresses as it occurs on the field poses more challenges to crop production than individual stress. Crops’ response to single stress also differs from that of combined stresses. The morpho-physiological responses of two cowpea varieties (IT89KD-288 and IT99K573-1-1) to a combination of stresses (water deficit stress and high light intensity) were investigated at different growth stages. Three levels of light intensities (L3: 259 Lux- 36%, L2: 394 Lux-55% and L1: 710.2 Lux-100%) were imposed using one, two and zero layer(s) of the net, respectively, while, water deficit stress at four levels (W1: no water stress; 0-5 bars, W2: moderate water stress; 5-15 bars, W3: moderately-severe; 15-40 bars and W4: severe water stress; 40 -70 bars) was imposed differently at vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Data were collected on the cowpea yield, Leaf Temperature (LT), Chlorophyll (C), Photosynthesis (P), Stomatal Conductance (SC) and Canopy Transpiration Rate (CTR). Exposure to W4 under L1 considerably reduced cowpea yield by 80% compared to those grown under L3 and full watering. Reduced light intensity enhanced cowpea grain yield irrespective of water deficit stress and IT89KD-288 was superior to IT99K573-1-1. Reduction in light intensity also increased the SC from 55.18 in L1 to 76.88 in 36 % L3. Full light intensity without water stress (100% light intensity), increased C content, while severe water stress reduced the C content and CTR. Photosynthesis was, however, reduced under low light intensity compared to 100% light intensity. It was also observed that water deficit stress imposed at the reproductive stage did not affect P, CTR and SC unlike that of the vegetative stage. In conclusion, reduced light intensity enhanced cowpea tolerance to water deficit and increased yield. Cowpea response was dependent on growth stage, variety and severity of stress.
  PubDate: 2022-11-09
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2022.v8.7896
Effects of watering regime on the morphological, physiological and
functional traits of seedlings of cacao provenances under screen house
conditions
- Authors: Laureta Olayemi, Samuel Agele, Adejobi Adejobi, Peter Aiyelari
  Pages: 44 - 55
  Abstract: In the present study, morphological and physiological responses of cocoa provenances to watering regimes under screen house conditions and the implications of the measured variables as drought tolerance strategy in Theobroma was discussed. A 4 by 3 factorial scheme involving four cacao provenances and watering regimes (well watering at full field capacity, 60 and 40% field capacity: 1.5, 0.9 and 0.6 L/plant at each watering event) the cocoa genotypes evaluated are PA 150 Series (the elite varieties), F3 Amazon and Amelonado. Observations were made on the morphological and physiological traits of seedlings of the cacao genotypes affected by watering regimes. The measured variables were deployed to rank the drought performance of cacao genotypes following nursery desiccation studies. Data on root and shoot biomass, water use, stomatal conductance, proline, water soluble carbohydrate and leaf chlorophyll concentrations of cacao seedlings were collected. The results showed that root zone moisture status affected the morphological and physiological characteristics of cacao provenances. Differences were obtained in root and shoot biomass, water use, the densities of stomatal and its conductance of gases, and the concentrations of leaf chlorophyll, and shoot and leaf proline and water soluble carbohydrates among the watering regimes imposed. Cacao provenances evaluated also differed in their responses to watering regimes and in morphological and physiological characters. The imposed root zone moisture scenarios elicited differences in the responses of cacao provenances evaluated. Most of the measured morphological and physiological variables were driven by root zone moisture status among cacao provenances, the measured traits appeared to have played important roles as root zone moisture deficit stress tolerance mechanisms in cacao. Seedlings of cocoa provenances had better vigour of growth when grown under 100 and 60% field capacity watering compared with 40% FC. Adequacy of soil moisture promotes growth and physiological functions in the seedlings of cacao provenances tested. The measured morpho-physiological variables were statistically superior under well watered situations (100% FC) compared with the 40% FC. The results confirmed that cocoa seedlings cannot withstand soil moisture deficit stress as was obtained for seedlings that were watered with 40% FC. It is recommended that watering cacao seedlings at full field capacity (FC) and at 70% FC (mild root zone moisture stress) will ensure the production of vigorous seedlings of cacao in the nursery.
  PubDate: 2022-11-24
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2022.v8.7348