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University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2521-8328
Published by U of Sindh

[8 journals]

Plant-Based Treatment of Helminths in Calves
- Authors: OYERONKE ADENIKE ADEKOLA, AKINWALE DAMI OLABIMISI, GBOLAGADE BENJAMIN ADESIJI, SOLA EMMANUEL KOMOLAFE
  Abstract: This study examines the indigenous plant practices for the treatment of helminths in cattle among settled agro-pastoralist in Ogun and Oyo State, Nigeria. The study was a pretest-posttest design. Three sets of helminth-infected cattle were each exposed to herbal treatment (Indigenous plant concoction (Group A, n=6), alverticine drug (convectional helminthic drug (Group B, n=6) orally for 1-14 days while the control group (Group C, n=6) were untreated. Faecal egg count was obtained using the Modified Mac Master and saturated salt solution technique and data were analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures. The significant effect of treatment on FEC count across the four days of treatment (p < 0.05) as the FEC count significantly decline across from day 1 - 4 for both the herbal than the conventional treatment groups while the control group remains chronically infected with the helminths till 12th week. FEC count significantly decline faster for convectional drug group (FEC count cleared on 2nd day) compared to the herbal group (FEC count cleared on 4th day) (p < 0.05). Cows exposed to herbal drug significantly (90.36±4.780) had better weight gain than those exposed to conventional treatment (85.65±7.405) while there was significant weight loss observed in the control group (76.68 ±6.435) at the 12th week. The study concludes that herbal concoctions based traditional knowledge of medicinal plants were efficacious in the treatment of helminths infestation. It is therefore recommended that regular control measure should be practiced and agro-pastoralist needed to be educated in proper usage of anti-helminths drugs and its administration.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5834
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Effect of High Dose (200mg/Kg) of ZnTe (Zinc Telluride) on Serology of
Male Albino Mice (Mus Musculus)
- Authors: SAIRA BANO, AHMAD ALI, SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AZAM, MATEEN TAHIR, ZEENAT ZAFAR, KHUZEEMA TANVEER, MUHAMMAD FAIZAN, SHOAIB HASSAN
  Abstract: For this experiment, oral suspension of ZnTe was given to male albino mice for fifteen days. Two groups were devised as Treated and Control. Each group consisting of three treatment organisms. It is observed that the level of cholesterol, Triglycerides, and protein increased significantly (p = 0.21, 0.37, and 0.18 respectively) in treated animals as compared to control group. Moreover, the level of Albumin increased non-significantly (p = 0.75) in treated animals as compared to control group. Results of the study also showed significantly increase in level of Globulin and SGPT (ALT) (p = 0.14, and 0.026) in treated animals in contrast to control group, while significantly decrease in creatinine (p = 0.026) in treated animals as compared to control group.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5835
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Some Records of Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from District Poonch, Azad
Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
- Authors: FARZANA AFSAR, MUHAMMAD RAFIQUE KHAN, ZAHID MAHMOOD SARWAR, AHMAD ZIA, QUDRAT ULLAH, MUHAMMAD QASIM, NAZEER AHMED, SUMARA ASLAM, MUHAMMAD ATHER RAFI, MUHAMMAD KAMAL SHEIKH, ADNAN SAMEI
  Abstract: In the present study 12 species belonging to 10 genera of three subfamilies namely; Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae under family Formicidae are reported from district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Among the recorded species, six species belonging to Formicinae, four in Myrmicinae, and two species in Ponerinae. All the 12 species are reported first time for district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. however, only one species namely, Odontoponera transversa (Smith, 1857) of subfamily Ponerinae is new record from Pakistan.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5837
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Kachhi Sheep Breed
- Authors: SHAKEEL AHMED TUNIO, MUHAMMAD NAEEM, ATIQUE AHMED BEHAN, ASMATULLAH KAKA, HUMA RIZWANA, NASIR RAJPUT, NOOR UN NISA MARI
  Abstract: For the evaluation of the phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Kachhi sheep, a total of 300 adult Kachhi sheep (female240 and male 60) were selected from different study areas (Hyderabad, Matiary, Mirpurkahs, Sanghar, Umerkot and Thaparkar) of Sindh province. Among all the study areas majority of male and female Kachhi sheep physically possessed plain white coat with black and brown (tan) color, compact body shape, coarse type wool, convex face profile, roman nose, small pendulous ears, sloppy rump, dark colored hooves, and small cylindrical tail, compact udder. Moreover, majority of male and female sheep were noted with wattles, remarkably few cases of female and male Kachhi sheep were detected with deviated Morphometric characters. Average live body weight and linear body measurements (chest girth, body length, height at withers, facial length, ear length, head width and tail length) of both sexes, at Matiary area were observed comparatively (P<0.05) higher, followed by Hyderabad, Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot and Tharparkar vicinities of Sindh. However, statistical (P<0.05) differences were recorded in the morphometric traits between male and female Kachhi sheep among all the selected vicinities of Sindh province.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5838
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Evaluating the Serum Markers for Early Diagnosis of HCV Induced
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Authors: AASMA SIDDIQUI, SARFRAZ ALI TUNIO, SHAISTA BANO, NAVISH LODHI
  Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a global public health problem which is intensified at developing countries due to lack of early diagnosis. Since Hepatitis C virus related morbidity accounts five million people in Pakistan, rate of morbidity and mortality of HCV related Hepatocellular carcinoma infections is high in Pakistan, and it is attributed to its diagnosis after its development. The public has the lack of awareness about the importance and benefits of liver biopsy testing; therefore, improved, and non-invasive methods of HCC diagnosis are urgently needed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of serum markers in early diagnosis of HCV induced Hepatocellular carcinoma and to develop a robust set of serological markers for their early detection and diagnosis. A total of 60 HCV positive patients including Chronic Liver disease (n=20), Cirrhosis (n=20), HCC patients (n=20) and 20 healthy volunteers (n=20) were enrolled in this study after an extensive screening process. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects and processed for serum separation followed by immunological, molecular, and biochemical analysis using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay, Real-Time PCR, complete blood picture, and a range of biochemical tests. Results showed gender wise variability among the subjects from each of the study groups where in the male subjects remained dominant with male and female ratio as 61.75:38.75. The average age of male subjects was observed between 42y, 43y, 49y and 37 years in comparison of female subjects who were 46y, 53y, 50y and 47y in CLD, cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, and control groups, respectively. The data has also demonstrated that Hepatocellular carcinoma patients having Alpha Fetoprotein level >1000 showed the increased level of ALP and GGT with decreased HB and HCT. However, the Hepatocellular carcinoma patients having AFP level in the range of 100-500 had total bilirubin level > 3.0, while those having AFP level <100 has all serological markers in normal range. In addition, the patients of HCC showed increased PT with decreased albumin level. The increases level of albumin level (>3-<4.0) was observed from the serum samples of cirrhosis and Chronic liver disease patients. The increase in albumin up to 4.0 accompanied with the increased level of ALP and PT while decreased HB. In conclusion, different biochemical parameters may be used to distinguish the patients having Hepatocellular carcinoma from those suffering from cirrhosis and chronic liver disease induced by HCV infection. The findings of present study may help to enhance the outcome for patients with HCC by enabling the diagnosis to be made at an earlier stage of the disease.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5839
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Field and Laboratory Studies on the Toxicity of Lambda-Cyhalothrin for
Controlling Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria)
- Authors: ZAHID SALEEM, HUSSAIN ALI, MUHAMMAD NAVEED, MUHAMMAD ANWAR KHAN, MUHAMMAD YOUNUS , MUHAMMAD AFZAAL, HABIB UR REHMAN
  Abstract: Desert locust has negative impact on world vegetation, severely affected Africa and Asia in 2020-21. The pest persists in both gregarious and solitary forms. In Pakistan, the majority of the nation experienced a desert locust attack in 2020. Seven to ten districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were seriously impacted. The study was carried out to test the efficacy of different concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5 EC against adult and hoppers/nymph in field and laboratory conditions. The applied concentration was 4%,3%, 2%, 1% and 0.5 % for adults in field and lab conditions, while 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% for nymph’s trials. Under field condition against adults all the applied concentrations were at par with each other except 0.5%, which showed significantly lower mortality rate (60%). A similar trend of toxicity was also recorded for the laboratory trials. More than 85% mortality was recorded in all treatment except 0.5%, which was 65%. Against hopper all concentration showed significant higher mortality (above 80%) except the nymphs sprayed with 0.25% concentration under field conditions. Similar results were also obtained for vitro trials against nymphal stage. It is concluded an average concentration (3%) should be applied for adult to avoid resistance and pest escape. For hoppers/nymph the recommended concentration should be 1%. Further studies should be carried out regarding the resistance to different types of insecticides under field and laboratory conditions.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5840
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)
Comparative Immunogenic Response of Live Vaccine of Lasota and Mukteswar
Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus by Different Routes of Inoculation in
Layer Chicken
- Authors: ABDUL WHAB MANZOOR, SAJJAD HUSSAIN, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WAQAR, SADIA SARFARAZ, SHERAZ SHAHID, SAMIULLAH, AFEEFA SHAFIQ, SAJJAD ALI, RAIS AHMED, HALEEMA SADIA, MAHEEN MURTAZA, TASLEEM KAUSAR
  Abstract: Newcastle disease (ND) has been one of the great challenges to Poultry in Pakistan and dealt with vaccination. Mortality and morbidity that are associated with it are economically significant. Two vaccines produced against Newcastle disease virus are Live ND-LaSota and ND Mukteswar vaccines and their immunogenic effects in backyard poultry. For that purpose, a total 130 of 6-8 weeks old layer cockerels were inoculated with both vaccines by different routes including Ocular, drinking water and Injection and serum samples were collected at 14, 21 and 35 days’ post inoculation were analyzed by Heamaglutination inhibition test for antibody titers. The best route of administration for ND-LaSota was observed by ocular drops and ND- Mukteswar through injection. So it was concluded that both the vaccines needed booster doses in 4th to 5th week of primary inoculation. ND-LaSota vaccine was found to be best for primary induction.
  PubDate: 2022-12-31
  DOI: 10.57038/usjas.v6i04.5841
  Issue No: Vol. 6, No. 04 (2022)