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Abstract: Abstract Metabolomics, one of the latest omics technologies, is employed to reveal overall metabolic trajectories, identify disease causative mechanisms and provide information for preventive diagnosis and drug targeting. Cancer is a disease known to alter cellular metabolism and so metabolomics can play an important role in the early diagnosis of cancer and in the evaluation of medical interventions and treatments for cancer. Many metabolomics studies rely on high-sensitive and high-throughput mass spectrometry platforms. In recent years, various mass spectrometry(MS) methodologies have been developed and enriched the scope of metabolite detection, contributing to disease studies, such as diabetes, cancer, and depression. Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and its incidence ranked third in China. This review focuses on the mass spectrometry technologies in metabolomics and summarizes the progress of metabolomics research in colorectal cancer. PubDate: 2022-05-23
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Abstract: Abstract Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) have become one of the most serious threats to human health and eco-environment due to their volatility, toxicity and diffusivity, etc. Catalytic completely oxidation had been regarded as a highly efficient strategy for the VOCs abatement. Metal or metal oxides supported on zeolite have been considered as superior catalysts for the treatment of VOCs. Among them, Beta zeolites have attracted many attentions due to their unique structure and consequently catalytic properties in the oxidation of VOCs. The progresses and developments made in the understanding and design of Beta zeolites-based catalysts in the completely oxidation of VOCs in the past two decades have been systematically summarized in this review. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract The development of green and renewable energy sources is in high demand due to energy shortage and productivity development. Artificial photosynthesis(AP) is one of the most effective ways to address the energy shortage and the greenhouse effect by converting solar energy into hydrogen and other carbon-based high value-added products through the understanding of the mechanism, structural analysis, and functional simulation of natural photosynthesis. In this review, the development of AP from natural catalysts to artificial catalysts is described, and the processes of oxygen production, hydrogen production, and carbon fixation are sorted out to understand the properties and correlations of the core functional components in natural photosynthesis, to provide a better rational design and optimization for further development of advanced heterogeneous materials. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract An electrochemical mass spectrometry technique was developed based on a homemade analytical device for sequential analysis of the heavy metals with various speciations in the scales. Four speciations(e.g., water-soluble speciation, organic speciation, indissoluble speciation and elemental speciation) of heavy metals are sequentially extracted by H2O, CH3OH, EDTA-2Na and electrolysis for online electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS) detection. The method takes significant advantages, such as requiring no tedious offline sample pretreatment, high speed of analysis(20 min), high throughput (multi-metals), good sensitivity(0.5 µg/L) and rich chemical information(four speciations). As a result, the rapid comprehensive characterization of four speciations of Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ba, Mn, Cr and Ca in water pipe scales has been qualitatively achieved. It demonstrated that the present method is a powerful tool for the effective assessment of potential hazards in drinking water, which provides a new analytical idea for evaluating water quality. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract Molybdenum doping is an effective way to improve the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) properties of catalysts, which can efficiently improve the electronic conductivity, mass transport process, and intrinsic activity of transition metal oxides or hydroxides, especially for those multi-component oxides with more abundant active sites. Herein, we have prepared a quaternary FeCoMoCu metal oxide on Cu foam(FeCoMoCuOx@Cu) as an efficient OER catalyst. As expected, FeCoMoCuOx@Cu could exhibit a low overpotential(252 mV at the current density of 10 mA/cm2) and exceptional stability(10000 cycles of CV scans or constant electrolysis for 48 h). PubDate: 2022-05-11
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Abstract: Abstract Environmental pollution is one of the most severe problems facing today, including water pollution and the greenhouse effect. Therefore, developing materials with high-efficiency dyes adsorption and CO2 uptake is significant. Covalent organic frameworks(COFs), as a burgeoning class of crystalline porous polymers, present a promising application potential in areas related to pollution regulation due to their exciting surface properties. Herein, we report a 3D COF with a high specific surface area(BET about 2072 m2/g) by utilizing tetrahedral and rectangle building blocks connected through [4+4] imine condensation reactions to synthesize. The obtained COF not only can separate dyes from water effectively but also shows a remarkable CO2 uptake capacity. This research thus provides a promising material to remove dyes and adsorb CO2 in environmental remediation. PubDate: 2022-05-11
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Abstract: Abstract Exosome analysis is emerging as an attractive noninvasive approach for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring in the field of liquid biopsy. Aptamer is considered as a promising molecular probe for exosomes detection because of the high binding affinity, remarkable specificity, and low cost. Recently, many approaches have been developed to further improve the performance of electrochemical aptamer based(E-AB) sensors with a lower limit of detection. In this review, we focus on the development of using aptamer as a specific recognition element for exosomes detection in electrochemical sensors. We first introduce recent advances in evolving aptamers against exosomes. Then, we review methods of immobilization aptamers on electrode surfaces, followed by a summary of the main strategies of signal amplification. Finally, we present the insights of the challenges and future directions of E-AB sensors for exosomes analysis. PubDate: 2022-05-11
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Abstract: Abstract Recently, solar-driven synthesis due to its energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages has attracted more and more attention, whereas the low solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency significantly hindered its development. New effective options that fully utilize full-band sunlight are urgently needed. Novel photothermal catalysis combined with the advantages of photocatalysis and thermalcatalysis can improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and lower the reaction temperature, thus becoming a promising technology. This review divides photothermal catalysis into photo-assisted thermalcatalysis, thermal-assisted photocatalysis, and photothermal synergistic catalysis. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanical understanding of how photothermal affects the catalytic property of different applications(e.g., water splitting, CO2/N2 reduction, and environmental treatment) was also summed up and discussed in detail. The discussion ends with unsolved challenges in photothermal catalysis, particularly emphasizing the effect of temperature or sunlight on catalytic performance. PubDate: 2022-05-10
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Abstract: Abstract Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into value-added products is a promising way to recycle the greenhouse gas, thus solving the crisis of global warming. Pressing challenges remain in regulating the catalytic selectivity. In this work, we demonstrated a metal-organic frameworks-assisted approach to synthesizing In species loaded on the surface of N doped carbon matrix. By controlling the particle sizes, the catalytic selectivity can be easily altered. The obtained Inc/NC possesses the outstanding capability for converting CO2 into CO. And 80.09% Faraday efficiency (FE) of CO can be achieved at 0.8 V vs. RHE. While the In2O3/C exhibits different catalytic behaviors, the main product is formic acid and the FE is more than 50% at 0.8 V vs. RHE. The selectivity reversal can be attributed to the strong interactions between In clusters and N atoms of carbon supports, which efficiently inhibits the formation of the by-product, formic acid. Our research has paved a new way to modulate catalytic selectivity by manipulating the fine structures of the catalysts. PubDate: 2022-05-10
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Abstract: Abstract We report a photoelectrochemical(PEC) sensor for selective detection of ascorbic(AA) by introducing Z-scheme Bi2S3@nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots(Bi2S3@NGQDs) heterojunctions as efficient photoactive species. The Bi2S3@NGQDs were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal process, and the microstructures and components were investigated by various characterized techniques. The photocurrent of the Bi2S3@NGQDs-based sensor increased significantly in the presence of AA and showed excellent selectivity and stability for AA detection in the presence of some other antioxidants and small molecules. A wide linear range of 0.1–5 µmol/L and 5–1380 µmol/L was achieved for the AA detection with a detection limit of 36 nmol/L(S/N=3). Moreover, the proposed PEC sensor achieved the determination of AA in real red peppers and commercially available vitamin C tablets samples. PubDate: 2022-05-10
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Abstract: Abstract The interaction between biomolecules with their target ligands plays a great role in regulating biological functions. Aptamers are short oligonucleotide sequences that can specifically recognize target biomolecules via structural complementarity and thus regulate related biological functions. In the past ten years, aptamers have made great progress in target biomolecule recognition, becoming a powerful tool to regulate biological functions. At present, there are many reviews on aptamers applied in biomolecular recognition, but few reviews pay attention to aptamer-based regulation of biological functions. Here, we summarize the approaches to enhancing aptamer affinity and the advancements of aptamers in regulating enzymatic activity, cellular immunity and cellular behaviors. Furthermore, this review discusses the challenges and future perspectives of aptamers in target recognition and biological functions regulation, aiming to provide some promising ideas for future regulation of biomolecular functions in a complex biological environment. PubDate: 2022-05-07
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Abstract: Abstract Near-infrared(NIR) fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs) have wide application prospects. Therefore, we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule, TPATHCNE, in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the acceptor. We systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical property. TPATHCNE shows high Tg of 110 °C and Td of 385 °C and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE) property. A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is obtained. The non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3% with an emission peak at 732 nm, which is among the best values of NIR emitters. When TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED), the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%. With the potential in cell imaging, the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA) modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs) emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells, suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular imaging. TPATHCNE NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA) are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells, and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging. PubDate: 2022-05-07
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Abstract: Abstract A kind of novel environmental-friendly composite absorbent material was designed and prepared in this paper. Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) were embedded in the skeleton of cotton micro fibrillated cellulose. By scanning electron microscope(SEM), we observed that a large number of MOFs were attached to the cellulose skeleton. In addition, under the condition of 1800 r/min vortex, the structure of the composite material was stable and was not easily damaged by external forces. The water contact angle test showed that the composite material had excellent hydrophilicity and could be used for the adsorption of pollutants. Then, the material was characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and BET adsorption. Through verification, the material had very stable reusability(n=10). The composite material was applied to the solid phase extraction of water samples, such as rain water, toning water and fruit juice, and was quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-UV. This method was then applied to the extraction of four parabens(methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butylparaben) from real samples, yielding limits of detection(LODs) of 0.29–0.58 ng/mL. The linear range was 2–500 ng/mL. The inter-day and intra-day recoveries were 90.7%–106.0% and 87.1%–109.3%, respectively(relative standard deviation<10.8%). PubDate: 2022-05-07
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Abstract: Abstract An ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor was fabricated for electroanalytical determination of ascorbic acid(AA), dopamine(DA) and uric acid(UA) individually and simultaneously based on polypyrrole hollow nanotubes loaded with Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles(NPs) uniformly(PPy@Au-Fe3O4). The PPy@Au-Fe3O4 nanotubes were synthesized in one-pot using MoO3 nanorods as templates and the polymerization of Py, the formation of Au and Fe3O4 NPs and the removel of MoO3 templates took place stimultaneously. Electrochemical studies reveal that PPy@Au-Fe3O4 modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE) possesses excellent electrocatalytic activities toward the oxidation of AA, DA and UA. Their oxidation peak currents increase linearly in the concentration ranges of 1–2000 µmol/L for AA, 0.01–25 and 25–300 µmol/L for DA and 0.1–300 µmol/L for UA. Their detection limit values(S/N=3) were calculated as 0.45, 0.0049, and 0.051 µmol/L for AA, DA and UA in the individual detection. By changing the concentrations simultaneously, the calibration curves showed linearity to 1000, 200, and 200 µmol/L with detection limit of 0.39, 0.0060, and 0.060 µmol/L for AA, DA, and UA, respectively. Finally, the obtained biosensor was successfully applied to the detection of AA, DA, and UA with satisfactory results on actual samples. PubDate: 2022-05-05
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Abstract: Abstract Highly selective, sensitive, and stable biosensors are essential for the molecular level understanding of many physiological activities and diseases. Electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensor is an appealing platform for measurement in biological system, attributing to the combined advantages of high selectivity of the aptamer and high sensitivity of electrochemical analysis. This review summarizes the latest development of E-AB sensors, focuses on the modification strategies used in the fabrication of sensors and the sensing strategies for analytes of different sizes in biological system, and then looks forward to the challenges and prospects of the future development of electrochemical aptamer-based sensors. PubDate: 2022-05-05
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Abstract: Abstract The rabies virus is a neurotropic virus that causes fatal diseases in humans and animals. Although studying the interactions between a single rabies virus and the cell membrane is necessary for understanding the pathogenesis, the internalization dynamic mechanism of single rabies virus in living cells remains largely elusive. Here, we utilized a novel force tracing technique based on atomic force microscopy(AFM) to record the process of single viral entry into host cell. We revealed that the force of the rabies virus internalization distributed at (65±25) pN, and the time was identified by two peaks with spacings of (237.2±59.1) and (790.3±134.4) ms with the corresponding speed of 0.12 and 0.04 µm/s, respectively. Our results provide insight into the effects of viral shape during the endocytosis process. This report will be meaningful for understanding the dynamic mechanism of rabies virus early infection. PubDate: 2022-05-02
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Abstract: Abstract Polymer electrolytes have attracted great interest for next-generation lithium-based batteries on account of safety and high energy density. In this review, we assess recent progress on the design of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes in high voltage lithium batteries and identify possible side reactions between PEO-based electrolytes and existing cathodes. We provide an overview of the ways to enhance high voltage resistance of PEO-based electrolytes. Those include components blend, molecular design and interface modification. With these efforts, we want to present new insights into rational design of PEO-based electrolytes to develop solid-state lithium batteries for advanced performance. PubDate: 2022-05-02
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Abstract: Abstract Asynchronized surface modification method based on coaxial electrospinning was developed to fabricate high-efficiency photodegradative nanofiber for water purification. TiO2 nanoparticles assembled uniformly on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL) nanofibers to form composite nanofibers through one step process. The maximal content of Ti element was 25.6%(mass fraction) in the PCL/TiO2 composite nanofibrous membrane, which exhibited hydrophilicity and excellent photodegradation under visible light in water. The Rhodamine B dye degraded 96.17% in 120 min under visible light by the PCL/TiO2 composite membrane. The adsorption behavior fitted Langmuir model well and indicated chemical related adsorption. This PCL/TiO2 composite nanofibrous membrane has super degradation properties and displays great application potential to environmental protection. PubDate: 2022-05-02
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Abstract: Abstract Scaling usually causes serious problems in daily life and industrial production. Currently, developing passive anti-scaling coatings has shown promises to overcome this problem. In this work, we fabricated a scalable and robust bio-inspired organogel(BIO) coating, showing dynamic scale resistance in the oil/brine mixture. The oil layer of the BIO coating was utilized as a barrier to inhibit scale nucleation and reduce scale adhesion. The mechanical strength of the coating was optimized by regulating nanoparticle contents. Moreover, the universality of scale resistance was demonstrated by varying the types of nanoparticles, oils and scales. Compared with commercial pipeline materials, such as copper, this BIO coating significantly reduces scale deposition after 240-h scaling test(ca. 93% reduction). Therefore, this study designs scalable and robust organogel coatings for sustainable scale resistance, which may be used for practical application in oil production. PubDate: 2022-05-02
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Abstract: Abstract We used a diamond anvil cell(DAC) to control the deformation of synthesized copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles. And we measured the surface plasmon resonance of copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles, which exhibit redshifts or blueshifts. The surface plasmon resonance shows an abnormal blue shift for both copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles. The solvents of copper nanorods and silver nanoparticles are n-hexane and water, where the pressure loads include quasi-hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic. PubDate: 2022-05-02
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