Authors:Daniel Asfaw Abstract: Phytic acid and tannic acid are the two main anti-nutrients present in legumes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various processing methods (autoclaving, boiling, dehulling, germinating and soaking) on anti-nutritional contents of the two selected lentil varieties (Alemaya and Derash). Anti-nutritional factors were reduced by processing methods as indicated in this finding. Dehulling, autoclaving, boiling, germinating and soaking process reduced tannin contents by 84.69, 61.73, 56.12, 36.22 and 12.24%, respectively. Phytic acid was reduced during boiling, autoclaving, germination and soaking process by 78.09, 76.32, 51.39 and 7.81%, respectively. Processing methods improved the anti-nutritional contents of studied lentil varieties. Key words: Lentil, Alemaya variety, Derash variety, Anti-nutritional contents, Processing methods DOI : 10.7176/FSQM/124-01 Publication date: January 30th 2025
Authors:Aemiro Tadesse Abstract: Background: Breads are made throughout the world. Bread can be prepared from cereal like wheat, maize, rice. Nowadays gluten-intolerance, requirement of healthy and nutritious products has increased and interest’s towards underutilized crops has also been increasing with the aim of improving global food security and to ease an adverse effect of climate changes. Amaranth is one of nutritionally balanced and naturally grown underutilized crop but it is mainly considered as weed in Africa including Ethiopia. Method: The aim of the study is to develop bread from wheat and amaranthus and to evaluate proximate composition, anti-nutritional, microbial and sensory acceptability of bread. The experiment contained 100% wheat as control and four blending proportion (90% wheat and 10% amaranthus, 80% wheat and 20% amaranthus, 70% wheat and 30% amaranthus, 60% wheat and 40% amaranth). Complete randomized design is used for proximate composition, anti-nutritional and microbial data analysis whereas Randomized complete block design with three replications was applied for sensory acceptability. SAS for windows version 9 were used for data analysis. Result: the study revealed that moisture, protein, fat, fiber and anti-nutritional content were increased as amaranthus concentration is increased from 10% to 40%. However, carbohydrate, microbial load and sensory acceptability were decreased. But the gross energy is constant. Conclusion: from the study it can be concluded that beside the good nutritional profile of amaranthus, it has anti-nutritional content which needs to limit the concentration of amaranthus in blending with other grain during product development. Keyword: Proximate, anti-nutreint, microbial, sensory, bread DOI : 10.7176/FSQM/124-02 Publication date: January 30th 2025
Authors:Mekonnen Hailu Kebede Abstract: Food security issues become one of the critical concern and top priority area for Ethiopia. This study analyzed rural households’ food security status and its determinants in Minjar Shenkora woreda of Amhara Regional State and Ada’a woreda of Oromia Regional State. Data were collected from 240 randomly selected rural farm households. The study employed both descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model to estimate the status and determinants of households’ food security, respectively. The findings indicated that the mean dietary energy available for food secured households were 2,860.6 Kilo calorie per day while 1,891.7 Kilo calorie per day for the insecure group. The binary logit model results showed that education level, farm size, livestock ownership, cooperatives membership, off- farm income and credit access have positive and significant effects on household food security. While household size has a negative and significant effect on household food security. The results recommend that interventions should target at improving rural financial services and off-farm activities that increase households’ income and focusing on those most significant variables when attempting to enhance household food security. Keywords: Determinant; Ethiopia; food security; logistic model; rural DOI : 10.7176/FSQM/124-03 Publication date: January 30th 2025
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