|
Food Analytical Methods
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.662  Citation Impact (citeScore): 2 Number of Followers: 2  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1936-976X - ISSN (Online) 1936-9751 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
|
- Development and Application of Novel Extraction Method to Analyze Herbal
Supplements and Adulterant Determination by GCxGC/Q-TOFMS-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract This manuscript proposes a new extraction method for analyzing natural compounds in herbal supplements for weight loss and determining adulterants by a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GCxGC/Q-TOFMS). In this new approach, a hydrophilic microporous cartridge (HMCart) was developed to enclose the samples, protecting the SPME (solid-phase microextraction) fibers. The cartridge is loaded with herbal supplement samples during direct immersion of SPME fiber in the aqueous phase to allow the analytes to be trapped. The new sample preparation method using chromatographic analyses enabled the detection of 650 compounds, including natural compounds, such as terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, and fatty acids. Adulterants found in other studies in the literature, such as sibutramine and ephedrine. The fluoxetine and caffeine were detected and quantified. The new method has achieved the goal of simple, effective, solvent-free, and versatile sample preparation that can be applied in future studies, including determining other compound classes in various matrix samples.
PubDate: 2024-08-06
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02657-y
-
- Impact of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Pretreatment on the Recovery of Phenolic
Antioxidants from Spent Coffee Grounds-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract In the present study, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) was employed as a pretreatment method for the extraction of phenolic compounds from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). The impact of CAP treatment conditions, i.e., thickness of the SCGs layer (mm), distance between the plasma source and the SCGs layer (mm) and duration of CAP treatment (min), on the total phenol content, in vitro antioxidant activity, as well as caffeine and chlorogenic acid content of SCGs, was investigated. The process parameters were optimized with the aid of response surface methodology (RSM). After optimizing the CAP pretreatment conditions, the CAP-treated SCGs were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction using ethanol as the extraction solvent. The optimum conditions for CAP treatment identified, i.e., thickness, 1 mm; distance, 16 mm; and duration, 15 min, led to a significant enhancement in the recovery of bioactive compounds from SCGs compared to those obtained from untreated SCGs. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity significantly increased (i.e., TPC from 19.0 ± 0.7 to 24.9 ± 1.4 mg GAE/100 g dry SCGs, ADPPH from 106.7 ± 5.01 to 112.3 ± 4.3 μmol Trolox/100 g dry SCGs, AABTS from 106.7 ± 5.01 to 197.6 ± 5.8 μmol Trolox/100 g dry SCGs, ACUPRAC from 17938 ± 157 to 18299 ± 615 μmol Trolox/100 g dry SCGs). A significant increase in caffeine content from 799.1 ± 65.1 mg to 1064 ± 25 mg/100 g dry SCGs and chlorogenic acid content from 79.7 ± 15.3 mg to 111.3 ± 3.3 mg/100 g dry SCGs, was also observed. Overall, CAP pre-treatment can be used to enhance the recovery of bioactive compounds from SCGs.
PubDate: 2024-08-05
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02661-2
-
- Retraction Note: Development of an Upconversion Luminescence
Nanoparticles–Based Immunochromatographic Assay for the Rapid Detection
of Dexamethasone in Animal Tissue-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
PubDate: 2024-08-02
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02655-0
-
- Electrochemical Characterization and Detection of Ascorbic Acid in Garlic
Using Activated Glassy Carbon Electrode: a Comprehensive Study-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract This study delves into the electrochemical properties of ascorbic acid (AA) in garlic bulbs, employing both a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and an activated glassy carbon electrode (AGCE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were utilized for the thorough characterization and detection of AA in freshly harvested garlic bulbs sourced from Debark, Ethiopia. The AGCE was meticulously prepared through a 200-s activation process at a potential of 1750 mV. Demonstrating remarkable electrocatalytic behavior towards AA, the AGCE exhibited enhanced peak current and a less positive shift in peak potential compared to the GCE. It demonstrated an increase with pH up to 6.5, followed by a decrease beyond pH 6.5, leading to the selection of pH 6.5 as the optimal value. The variation in scan rate indicated an adsorption-controlled process. The established calibration curve equation was Ip (μA) = − 9.94 – 0.15CAA, presenting a high R2 value of 0.999 within the linear range of 0.01 – 0.2 mM. The method demonstrated a low limit of detection (0.004 mM) and quantification (0.012 mM). A robust degree of recovery (102.2%) validated the method’s accuracy. The concentration of AA in fresh garlic bulbs was determined to be 192.8 mg/kg, affirming the method’s suitability for the analysis of real environmental samples.
PubDate: 2024-08-02
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02660-3
-
- Cloud Point Extraction Coupled with Ultrasonic-Assisted Back-Extraction
for the HPLC-MS Determination of 1H-Triazoles in Foods-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: A method for the determination of tebuconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, propiconazole, and diniconazole fungicide in vegetables, fruits, and sprouts of wheat and corn by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass detection with cloud point extraction by phases of nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 was developed. The factors influencing the concentration of nonionic surfactant, medium acidity, equilibrium temperature, holding time of solutions in a water bath, and time and speed of centrifugation on extraction parameters were optimized. The complete extraction of analytes into the 0.2% (w/v) Triton X-114 phase occurs in the 2.0–9.0 pH range, provided that the analytes exist in hydrophobic electroneutral molecular forms that effectively transfer to the surfactant-rich phase of the nonionic surfactant at a temperature of 50 °C. The required time for the complete formation of the surfactant-rich phase is more than 15 min when centrifuging solutions at 4000 rpm for 12 min. The developed fungicide determination method is characterized by the limit of detection (3σ) of 0.4–0.8 ng∙mL−1, the limit of quantitation (10σ) of 1.4–2.5 ng∙mL−1, and a working range of 1.4–200 ng∙mL−1. The developed method was applied to the determination of tebuconazole and triadimenol in beets, grapes, and sprouts of wheat and corn after their treatment with industrial fungicide preparations. Graphical
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02642-5
-
- Determination of Mineral Profile Using MIP OES and Physicochemical
Composition of Cocoa Honey from Different Cocoa Varieties (Theobroma cacao
L.)-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the physicochemical composition and mineral profile of cocoa honey from different cocoa varieties (CCN51, PS1319, SJ02, and Parazinho) found in Brazilian territory. The results indicated that the validation parameters of the minerals analyzed (Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, Zn, Ca, K, Mg, and Na) by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES) were considered acceptable. Furthermore, cocoa honey was characterized as an acidic product, with low protein content and high amounts of soluble solids, sugars, and energy value. The presence of magnesium (132.08–198.16 mg Kg−1), high amounts of zinc (3.01–18.76 mg Kg−1), and low amounts of sodium (44.56–94.57 mg Kg−1) provide significant reasons to encourage increased consumption of cocoa honey as a nutritious source. According to multivariate analysis, there was a greater predominance of minerals in CCN51, PS1319, and SJ02 varieties. PS1319 was characterized by the presence of Al, Fe, and Ni, while other parameters (Zn, Sr, N, K, Mg, and Ca) discriminated CCN51 and SJ02 varieties. Thus, the obtained data enabled the delineation of a physicochemical and nutritional profile of cocoa honey based on cocoa variety. This characterization is crucial for enhancing cocoa honey and its potential future technological applications and incorporation into new products. Graphical
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02640-7
-
- Comparison of Different Spectral Ranges to Monitor Alcoholic and Acetic
Fermentation of Red Grape Must Using FT-NIR Spectroscopy and PLS
Regression-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Wine vinegar is produced through a two-phase fermentation of grape must: initially, yeast converts grape sugars into ethanol, and subsequently, acetobacteria oxidize ethanol into acetic acid. This process, spanning weeks when conducted by surface fermentation, requires constant monitoring of ethanol and total acidity levels. To enhance the quality and efficiency of process monitoring, vinegar production is shifting to faster, environmentally sustainable methods. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, recognized for its non-invasiveness and speed, is ideal for online implementation in process control. This study tracked dual fermentation in red grape must over an extended period, monitoring two different batches simultaneously to assess fermentation kinetics and reproducibility. Ethanol content and total acidity were analyzed in fermenting musts throughout the whole fermentation process using both classical laboratory analyses and FT-NIR spectroscopy. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to explore the spectral dataset, then Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to develop calibration models for predicting ethanol and acidity. The models calculated considering the entire spectral range were compared with those obtained for two narrower zones, where more cost-effective and easily miniaturizable sensors are available on the market. FT-NIR allowed to effectively determine ethanol content and acidity (R2Pred > 0.98), both over the entire range (12,500–4000 cm−1, corresponding to 800–2500 nm) and in the 10,526–6060 cm−1 (950–1650 nm) region. Although less satisfactory, still acceptable results were obtained in the 12,500–9346 cm−1 (800–1070 nm) region (R2Pred > 0.81), confirming the potential for cost-effective devices in real-time fermentation monitoring.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02636-3
-
- Development of vitamin K analysis method using column switching
high-performance liquid chromatography method and analysis results of
various food items for vitamin K content-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract In this study, we developed a column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection for the analysis of vitamin K. Column-switching is accomplished by changing the direction of flow using a switching valve with a set time program. Using this method, three vitamin K, phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone-4 (MK-4), and menaquinone-7 (MK-7), were separated and identified with high sensitivity, and impurities were eliminated. This method was used to determine the vitamin K content in meat, fish meat, snails, bivalves, sea urchins, seaweeds, vegetables, tea, soy products, milk products, and supplements. The results showed that chicken showed the highest content of MK-4 (15.35 ± 0.35 μg/100 g), matcha showed the highest content of PK (3069.66±80.10 μg/100 g), and dried natto showed the highest content of MK-7 (3997.57±79.42 μg/100 g). This method can also be used to analyze vitamin K in supplements and pharmaceuticals. The results of this study revealed that different manufacturers add different types of vitamin K to their commercial supplements and infant formulas. The developed method provides highly reproducible and quantitative results and allows for the rapid analysis of the three vitamin K types. Thus, the method developed in this study may aid the sequential analysis of vitamin K in different samples to assess food nutrients.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02643-4
-
- Effectiveness of Water Hyacinth Biochar as a Potential Adsorbent in
Solid-Phase Extraction Together with Liquid Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Lager Beer-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract In this work, we present the development and validation of an extraction analytical method for determination and quantification of 18 pesticides belonging to the chemical classes of benzimidazoles, organophosphates, anilides, triazoles, avermectins, benzoylureas, triazines, pyrethoids, neonicotinoids, and strobilurins in industrial samples of larger beer, employing solid-phase extraction (SPE), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimized SPE procedure employed 100 mL of sample, 150 mg of biochar adsorbent, and elution with 3 mL of methanol:dichloromethane (60:40, v/v), resulting in a fast, practical, and economical technique. The methodology showed good linearity (R2 > 0.99). The average recoveries (n = 5) for the lowest concentration level ranged from 61 to 102%, with relative standard deviations between 2 and 19%. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 µg/L and from 0.01 to 0.25 µg/L, respectively. In addition, the method was applied to 13 commercial Pilsen-type larger beer labels, in which pesticide residues were not found.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02639-0
-
- Rapid Aflatoxin Detection in Black Tea Using Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle
-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Tea is a widely consumed non-alcoholic beverage that can be contaminated with mycotoxins, including aflatoxins (AFs), which pose a significant health risk. In this study, a fast and accurate extraction method for the detection of AFs in black tea was developed and optimized. The method utilized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to enhance the extraction efficiency. Various parameters, such as the type and amount of extraction solvents, dilution by water, MNP amount, and extraction model, were investigated to optimize the method. The proposed method demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance, with acceptable recoveries more than 70% and low LODs for all AFs were achieved. The developed nano extraction method was compared to immunoaffinity column chromatography (IAC) cleanup and showed comparable results. The advantages of the proposed method include high speed, low cost, and ease of use. Overall, the method offers a reliable and efficient option for the repetitive analysis of AFs in tea samples.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02641-6
-
- Development of Rapid, Simple and Low-Cost Methods for Quantification of
Reducing Sugars in Cow Milk and Derivatives Using Smartphone Digital
Images-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract The quantification of reducing sugars in cow milk and derivatives is necessary for quality control and to ensure food safety for consumers. Here, two rapid and simple methods were developed for the quantification of reducing sugars in samples of milk and derivatives, based on colorimetric assays followed by acquisition of digital images using a smartphone camera and PhotoMetrix® software. The data were processed by univariate analysis with multiple channels, obtaining satisfactory r values (> 0.90) for analytical curves of mixtures of reducing sugars. The methods were validated within a linear range of 10–100 mg mL−1 and were applied in the analysis of eight samples of cow milk or it is derivatives with recovery values ranged from 93.64 to 105.21%, and the results were statistically comparable to those obtained using the reference Lane-Eynon titration method (AOAC 923.09). The new methods present themselves as promising alternatives for the quality control of reducing sugars in the dairy industry. They bring significant benefits, such as affordability, portability, and alignment with green chemistry principles. The sample data acquisition and processing time is only 2 min, enabling the execution of multiple analyses within a brief timeframe. This renders them particularly suitable for applications in routine analysis targeted at food quality control.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02637-2
-
- Development of Unique Signature to Define the Extent of Adulteration in
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)
System-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Adulteration of expensive vegetable oils with other cheaper vegetable oils is increasing within the oil traders all across the world. Therefore, developing a method for detection of adulteration in expensive vegetable oil like VCO would be useful. In this study, an android mobile application which can generate signature and barcodes has been developed based on the response (p < 0.05) coupled with the optimized condition of LSPR system for different adulterations in VCO with coconut oil (CO) and mustard oil (MO). The discriminant analysis with samples showed a gradual shift to right with the adulteration, demonstrating the independency of the prediction. The correct % of validated samples was observed to be 81.67% and 80% for adulterated sample of VCO with MO and CO respectively with a cumulative variance of 100%. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.23 and 0.77 and 0.21 and 0.72 for adulterated samples of VCO with CO and MO respectively with a linearity range of 10 to 90%. The results showed that the technique has a faster response and lower cost than other conventional methods like FT-R or GC–MS/MS for the detection of adulteration in VCO. However, further research is needed for the advancement of android mobile application and to make the system compatible to detect adulteration with other cheap oils. Graphical
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02632-7
-
- UPLC-PDA Phenolic Compounds Profile of Mango Peel Extracts Obtained using
Different Solvents and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract This study evaluated the performance of two techniques – conventional solvent extraction (CSE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) – using different solvents (50% methanol, 50% ethanol, 70% acetone) for the extraction of phenolics from mango peel. For each mango peel extract (MPE), a further purification step was performed on an OASIS HLB 6 cc VAC-packed column. Subsequently, the phenolic compound profile was quantified using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography accoupled with a Photodiode Array (UPLC-PDA), and the antioxidant activity was also assessed. The results indicated that using 50% methanol as an extraction solvent yielded more significant phenolics, such as mangiferin, gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin. Additionally, the extracts obtained by UAE with different solvents showed a higher phenolic compound content, with mangiferin being the most predominant, mainly when methanol was used (222.34 mg/100 g DW) and higher antioxidant activity than extracts obtained by CSE, especially when acetone was used (364.00 ± 13.00 µmol Trolox/g DW). Overall, the results indicate the potential use of these mango by-products as a source of natural ingredients for the development of functional food.
PubDate: 2024-07-29
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02651-4
-
- Evaluating the Effect of Temperature and Pooling in Detection and
Isolation of the Major Non-O157 Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli
Serogroups from Meat Samples with the Use of Alternative and Standard
Methods-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Pathogenic Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an important cause of foodborne illness. The detection of STEC in finished products and during the manufacturing process has an important role as part of verification plans, to confirm that practices and procedures described in the food safety program are successfully applied to control STEC. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of temperature and pooling in detection and isolation of the major non-O157 STEC serogroups from meat samples with the use of alternative and standard methods. Bovine meat was experimentally inoculated with one of the “Top 6” non-O157 STEC strains (O26, O103, O111, O145, O45, and O121). Both ISO TS 13136:2012 and a novel alternative method were implemented to evaluate the impact of temperature and pooling. An increase of the enrichment temperature to 41.5 °C allowed the detection of the spiked strain in 10% more samples compared to enrichment at 37 °C. The use of 25- and 375-g sample tests demonstrated no statistically differences between both methods. And finally, this alternative method appears easy to use and time-saving for routine laboratory use.
PubDate: 2024-07-24
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02653-2
-
- Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Foodstuff by Solid Phase Extraction
and Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection Using H2SO4-MeOH
Derivatization-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Free fatty acids (FFAs) serve as crucial analytical markers in oils, fats, and food, reflecting food safety through their content variations. However, the analysis of FFAs in food samples is constrained by potential interferences from other acidic components in the sample matrix during sample processing, resulting in distorted analytical outcomes and introducing positive bias. The established method was also validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), and matrix effect. It was proved to be linear (R2 > 0.99), with lower LODs of 0.108–0.564 μg/mL, and lower LOQs of 0.258–1.541 μg/mL for all FFAs. Overall, the simple, rapid, and cost-effective method developed in this study provides a potential application for the extraction and enrichment of FFAs in complex sample matrices, including edible oils, fatty foods, and high-content biological samples. Graphical
PubDate: 2024-07-19
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02652-3
-
- Green Extraction of Anthocyanins from Prunus domestica Using Natural Deep
Eutectic Solvents: Anti-sickling Properties and Phenolic Impact Assessment
-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) are a form of green solvents used to extract phenolic compounds and are considered a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solvents. The study aimed to explore a more eco-friendly and effective approach to extracting anthocyanins from Prunus domestica by utilizing NADESs. Four NADESs were created by making combinations of choline chloride with citric acid, lactic acid, glycerol, and ethylene glycol. The study investigated the anthocyanins profile, antioxidant, and anti-sickling properties of fruit extracts that were obtained using NADESs. The examination of NADESs revealed that the hydrogen bond acceptors and donors had a substantial impact on the viscosity, pH, density, and chemical structure of the NADESs. The resulting extracts demonstrated the highest recovery rates, resulting in the greatest total phenolic content (35.05 ± 0.15 mg GAE/100 g) and total anthocyanin content (17.22 ± 0.296 mg CGE/100 g). This extract from the Prunus domestica fruit, which contains anthocyanin, has anti-sickling effects on sickle cell erythrocytes. The Emmel test was used to assess the in vitro anti-sickling effects of the NADES extract. The percent sickling of negative control was found to be 40.88%. And it was discovered that the NADES extract of CHCL: ETHGly was 14.71% at an effective concentration of 0.2% (v/v), and the NADES extract of CHCl: GLY was discovered to be 20.94% at an effective concentration of 0.2% (v/v). The phenolic (anthocyanin) impact on percent sickling revealed a significant difference between the control and test. Graphical
PubDate: 2024-07-12
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02650-5
-
- Optimization of Conventional and Supercritical Fluid Extraction of
Lycopene Rich Extract from Heiyai (Elaeagnus latifolia L.)-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Heiyai (Elaeagnus latifolia L.) is an underutilized semi-wild berry which is found in Manipur during the mid of March and April. In the present study, Heiyai fruit was explored for the extraction of lycopene using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using CO2 and the conventional solvent extraction (CSE) method. An experimental design based on response surface methodology was used for SFE with independent variables (pressure, temperature, and time) and CSE (temperature, time, and solid-to-liquid ratio) to investigate the effect on the extraction yield (%) and lycopene content (mg/100 g) from Heiyai. An empirical model was developed for correlating independent and response variable with a good fit which was obtained. The optimum conditions for SFE were pressure (20 MPa), extraction time (90 min), and temperature (40 °C) resulting into extraction yield of 3.35% and 69.78 mg/100 g of lycopene content. The optimum conditions for CSE were temperature (30 °C), time (15 min), and solid-to-liquid ratio (70 g/mL) resulting into extraction yield of 1.318% and lycopene content of 29.983 mg/100 g. Furthermore, lycopene was isolated and purified using the column chromatography method, and its chemical structure was studied using FT-IR and a visible spectrophotometer.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02649-y
-
- Food Extract of Purple Yam (Dioscorea trifida L.f.) from Brazil:
Optimization of Extraction Method, Characterization, In Vivo Toxicity, and
Antimicrobial Activity-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Purple yam (Dioscorea trifida) has high agricultural productivity in the Amazon region but has not been much investigated. Multivariate strategies were employed to optimize the method to obtain a food extract rich in functional compounds. The optimal conditions showed that the combination of 0.2 g of dried purple yam with 15 mL of citric acid (1%) under agitation in a water bath at 36 °C for 4 min yields an extract with a high content of peonidin-3-O-glucoside-5-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-feruloylglycosideum-5-O-glycosideum, peonidin-3-Op-coumaroylglycosideum-5-O-glycoside, quinic acid, apigenin 8-C-xyloside-6-C-glycoside (vicenin 3), quinic acid, apigenin 6-C-xyloside-8-C-glycoside (vicenin 1), and isorhamnetin-O-dihexoside. Our extract also presented 56.91 ± 0.76 mg 100 g−1 of total anthocyanins, 417.05 ± 11.37 mg 100 g−1 total carotenoids, and 493.09 ± 6.38 mg GAE 100 g−1 of total phenolic compounds. In a Galleria mellonella, in vivo model consumption safety was for up to 150 g by 70 kg of body weight. In addition, it inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli). The simple, fast, and ecofriendly extraction conditions, combined with the biological effects of our extract, gives us a great potential for its application in food or packaging technologies.
PubDate: 2024-06-14
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02644-3
-
- Optimization of the Extraction Process of Bioactive Compounds from Red
Fruits of Stenocereus stellatus: Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Stenocereus stellatus is one of the 10 species of cactus of greatest economic importance in Mexico, although its fruits contain bioactive components such betalains and phenolic compounds, which in turn cause multiple positive pharmacological effects on health, very little has been explored. This study aimed to employ a response surface methodology (RSM) approach to optimize the extraction conditions for maximizing the concentration of betalains (betacyanins and betaxanthins), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and antioxidant capacity (AC). To optimize the extraction of betalains, pH (W), extraction temperature (X), extraction time (Y), and water:ethanol solvent ratio (Z) were evaluated. For TPC and AC, the same factors were evaluated, except Z. All these factors influenced on the concentration of betalains. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be pH 4.2, extraction temperature of 10 °C, extraction time of 60 min, and a water:ethanol solvent ratio of 55%, and under these conditions, 0.51 mg per g total betalains (BT) were obtained, of which 0.25 mg per g corresponded to BC and 0.26 mg per g to BX. In TPC and AC, only pH and temperature affected these determinations. The optimal conditions for both variables were pH of 4 and extraction temperature of 60 °C, and under these conditions, 2.34 mg of gallic acid equivalents per g and 18.60 µmol of Trolox equivalents per g were obtained. The results suggest that Stenocereus stellatus could be a promising source for these compounds, which have potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their excellent stability under these conditions.
PubDate: 2024-06-13
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02645-2
-
- A UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Quantification of Wheat Gluten in Commercial
Food Products Using Summarized Marker Peptide Contents-
Free pre-print version: Loading...
Abstract: Abstract Gluten proteins may cause adverse reactions when consumed by predisposed individuals. In dietary gluten-free products, its content must not exceed the threshold value of 20 mg/kg. Compliance with labeling is to be controlled via quantification methods. Some methods use flour as a reference material for quantification. The composition and content of gluten proteins in foods may vary depending on the origin of the gluten source. Because of these variations, the use of a limited number of marker peptides found in flour may lead to false results when quantifying gluten. In this study, a UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed that mitigates the influence of variations in gluten protein content and composition on the quantification result. The general limit of quantification of the method was 10 mg gluten proteins/kg food product. Increasing the number of marker peptides taken into account improves the robustness of the method against varying composition of gluten proteins in commercially available food products.
PubDate: 2024-06-12
DOI: 10.1007/s12161-024-02646-1
-
