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Genealogy
Number of Followers: 0  Open Access journalISSN (Online) 2313-5778 Published by MDPI  [258 journals]
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- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 70: Indigenous Research: The Path towards
Mapuchization
Authors: María Gloria Cayulef
First page: 70
Abstract: This article explores the process of decolonizing and indigenizing research from my perspective as a Mapuche woman. During this process, I examine how to approach and analyze colonial and patriarchal archives through an indigenous lens, leading me to consider a transformation of my work into an indigenous research endeavor. In this undertaking, I delve into the interplay of affective and political dimensions within indigenous research, recognizing them as catalysts for resistance and knowledge construction. I emphasize the significance of first-person research as a powerful means of empowering marginalized individuals and validating personal and collective experiences, countering Eurocentric epistemologies that perpetuate colonial and epistemic violence. Furthermore, I advocate for the recovery of marginalized knowledge and the integration of native epistemologies. As a third step in the process of decolonizing and indigenizing my research, I introduce the concept of ‘Mapuchization of research.’ This idea represents a process of reconnection with the ancestral knowledge of my people, where past and present come together. It intertwines several dimensions, including political, epistemological, and ontological, with the aim of contributing to indigenous research methodology, based on the knowledge found in Mapuche culture and history.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-25
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7040070
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 4 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 71: Willehalm—Genealogical Dimension of
Sponsoring Poetry
Authors: Klára Berzeviczy, Gyula Pályi
First page: 71
Abstract: The medieval respect towards progenitors induced not only sentimental feelings but also practical steps, such as sponsoring works of art. In the present study, the family connections of Landgrave Hermann I of Thuringia to the Carolingians and to (Saint) Guillaume/Guilhem d’Orange, from the family of the Counts of Autun, have been explored. The possibility of the role of these kinships as a “driving force” behind initiating and sponsoring the epos Willehalm of Wolfram von Eschenbach has been analyzed.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-25
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7040071
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 4 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 72: Colonisation and the Genesis and Perpetuation
of Anti-Blackness Violence in South Africa
Authors: Suriamurthee Moonsamy Maistry
First page: 72
Abstract: The narrative of the colonisation of South Africa that prevailed and continues to prevail in certain segments of contemporary South African society is that of the white coloniser as an industrious, noble, peaceful and innocent being, divinely tasked with the project of bringing civilisation to the country’s indigenous Black tribal people—people bereft of religion, cognitive competence and incapable of responsible land ownership. In this article, I reflect on the genesis of anti-Blackness over three and a half centuries and argue that despite Black resistance over this period, the systematic orchestration of anti-Blackness through repressive violence, constantly morphing policy legislation and relentless propaganda machinery has imprinted on the psyche of South Africans in particular ways. Black academe in South Africa has been systematically frustrated with Western Eurocentric epistemologies and ontologies and struggle to engage in any substantive epistemological or ontological delinking. Inspiration from decolonial theory is invoked to offer an analysis of the paralysis of the new Black political, economic and academic elite, as they occupy a zone of being co-opted into the stranglehold of white economic and cultural hegemony.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-26
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7040072
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 4 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 73: “I BROKE FREE” Youth Activism and
the Search for Rights for Children Born of War in Bosnia
Authors: Burcu Akan Ellis
First page: 73
Abstract: The rise in recognition of children’s agency—that is, their status as inalienable right-bearing actors—has been a welcome change in international organizations, albeit often through a set of media activities that depict children variously as victims or beneficiaries of moral leadership. Typically, a handful of children/youth affected directly by a particular tragedy become the recognizable faces of identified human rights abuses. This research explores media representation of children born of war in Bosnia, “invisible” children who only recently were legally categorized as victims of war. As children who were born of wartime rape, the lives of select young activists have been documented through movies and media interviews since their childhood. This paper explores the costs of such disclosure and performativity, and sacrifices that young activists make to expose their “truth” to gain recognition of their attendant rights. It ultimately highlights the tension between the search for the rights of affected children and the dilemmas inherent in the actions of the few youth activists who publicly embrace the conditions of their birth to bring voice to others.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-26
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7040073
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 4 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 43: Adolescent Parent–Child Relationships
and Non-Marital Fertility in Adulthood: Variation by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Xing Zhang
First page: 43
Abstract: Factors leading to racial and ethnic differences in non-marital fertility, which account for nearly 41% of all births in the U.S., are not well understood. This study examines how mother–child relationships and parental control shape the likelihood of having a non-marital birth in adulthood among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Asian women from 1994–2009. This paper uses data from Waves I, III, and IV of Add Health (n = 7171) and event-history analysis to find that mother–child relationships are associated with the likelihood of having a non-marital birth, with variation by race and ethnicity. Maternal warmth and communication in adolescence are associated with a decreased likelihood of having a non-marital birth in adulthood, but only among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic Asian women. Parent–child relationships are dynamic and can have lasting impacts on children’s fertility behaviors across the life course.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-06-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030043
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 44: Relevance of Genetic Identification and
Kinship Analysis in Human and Natural Catastrophes—A Review
Authors: Alejandra Real-Picado, Luis Díaz, Cláudia Gomes
First page: 44
Abstract: Different types of disasters, whether natural or human in character, lead to the significant loss of human lives. In the latter case, the quick action of identification of corpses and human remains is mandatory. There are a variety of protocols to identify victims; however, genetics is one of the tools that allows an exact identification of the victim. However, several factors may interfere with this identification, from the biological samples’ degradation not allowing the analysis of nuclear information, to failure to dispose of biological samples from family members. Access to certain family members could be a determinant of the proper choice of genetic markers that allow the identification of the victim, or his/her inclusion in a given genetic maternal or paternal lineage. New advances in the field of genetics are soon expected to allow for the identification of victims from disasters with only their biological postmortem samples; it may also be possible to draw a robot portrait of a victim’s most likely physical characteristics. In all cases, genetics is the only modern tool with universal character and can be used in essentially all biological samples, giving and identification of more or less accurate statistical character, depending on whether nuclear or lineage markers are used.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-06-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030044
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 45: Anchored in History: Understanding the
Persistence of Eco-Violence in Nigeria’s Middle Belt through
Collective Memory
Authors: Ezenwa E. Olumba
First page: 45
Abstract: The Nigerian Middle Belt is the epicentre of violent conflicts between Fulani herders and sedentary farmers over land and agricultural resources called eco-violence; existing research has not adequately addressed the persistence of these conflicts. Using Social Representations Theory (SRT), this paper examines empirical case studies conducted in April 2018 and May 2022 in Benue State, Nigeria, to determine why these conflicts persist. The paper argues that contending parties anchor, objectify, and socially represent past contestations in pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial Nigeria in present-day realities and events in the Middle Belt, leading to the re-experience of collective memories and their consequences on people’s violent collective behaviour. Consequently, people resort to violence to redress present grievances viewed through the prism of past events. To promote sustainable peace when tackling deeply-rooted conflicts, it is essential to comprehend the historical context and the significance of collective memory while employing a comprehensive strategy for conflict resolution. Implementing the Cognitive Reappraisal Technique to address issues related to collective memories is critical to this approach.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-13
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030045
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 46: Finding the Hidden Legacies of African
American (and Other) Families
Authors: Robert Scott Davis
First page: 46
Abstract: Documenting and finding lost family history proves as daunting as locating vital statistics, but the effort to perform such a genealogical feat should be undertaken, for good reason, as the resulting information can prove rewarding. This commentary discusses research methods, effective methods, and materials for finding documentation of family history with a special emphasis on African American genealogy. Commonly used strategies are listed with successful examples and recommended sources. The article concludes with an affirmation of the value of research on ancestors beyond just vital records.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-19
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030046
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 47: Kāinga Tahi, Kāinga Rua: The Role
of Marae in Reimagining Housing Māori in the Urban Environment
Authors: Jenny Lee-Morgan, Kim Himoana Penetito, Jo Mane, Ngahuia Eruera, Kaatewairua Evans, Luella Linaker, Baari Mio, Pania Newton, Moana Waa, Hineamaru Ropati
First page: 47
Abstract: The supply of, and demand for, housing in Aotearoa, New Zealand, is in a state of crisis. With all other areas of social deprivation, Māori are impacted disproportionately in the housing space, and have been locked out of the housing market. In order to address this crisis, a range of government, community and iwi initiatives have been established in Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland) to provide various housing interventions, from emergency housing, accommodation supplements and subsidies to transitional housing, home ownership programmes and papakāinga (Māori settlement, village) development opportunities. Marae Ora, Kāinga Ora (MOKO) is a Kaupapa Māori (Māori approach) research project created to explore the role of marae (cultural centre) and kāinga (village, settlement) in supporting the wellbeing of whānau (family group), hapū (extended kinship grouping), iwi (extended kinship–tribal grouping) and communities, which includes the potential provision of housing. Five marae in the South Auckland landscape are partners in this research and bring to life the prospect of their contribution to housing solutions for their local Māori communities. This article presents some valuable insights into the aspirations of each whānau involved with the five marae with regard to their perspectives and developments with marae-led housing provision.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030047
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 48: Analysis of Couples’ Discordance on
Fertility Desire in Ghana
Authors: Isaac Yeboah, Joshua Okyere, Henry Ofori Duah, Andrew Kweku Conduah, Mary Naana Essiaw
First page: 48
Abstract: Generally, men in sub-Saharan Africa make reproductive decisions that affect their partners. We examined the predictors of fertility desires among married men across three age cohorts: 20–35 years, 36–50 year, and 51–59 years. Using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey dataset, we conducted ANOVA and multivariate binary logistic regressions on 1431 monogamous married men aged 20–59 years. Two indicators of fertility desire are constructed: (i) the comparison of men’s ideal versus women’s ideal family size, and (ii) the desire for more children. The results indicate that the fertility desire of men is stronger than that of women. The predictors of fertility desire are age, parity, religion, contraceptive use, wealth quintile, couples’ age difference and couples’ difference in education. At ages 20–35 years, men using modern contraceptives were more likely to desire more children compared with those not using any modern contraceptives. However, at ages 36–50 years, men using modern contraceptives were less likely to desire more children. This finding suggests that men change their fertility desires in response to changes in their ages.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030048
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 49: Surnames of Jewish People in the Land of
Israel from the Sixteenth Century to the Beginning of the Twentieth
Century
Authors: Alexander Beider
First page: 49
Abstract: This paper outlines a study of surnames used by various Jewish groups in the Land of Israel for Ashkenazic Jews, prior to the First Aliyah (1881), and for Sephardic and Oriental Jews up to the end of the 1930s. For the 16th–18th centuries, the surnames of Jews who lived in Jerusalem, Safed, Tiberias, and Hebron can be mainly extracted from the rabbinic literature. For the 19th century, by far the richest collection is provided by the materials of the censuses organized by Moses Montefiore (1839–1875). For the turn of the 20th century, data for several additional censuses are available, while for the 1930s, we have access to the voter registration lists of Sephardic and Oriental Jews of Jerusalem, Safed, and Haifa. All these major sources were used in this paper to address the following questions: the use or non-use of hereditary family names in various Jewish groups, the geographic roots of Jews that composed the Yishuv, as well as the existence of families continuously present in the Land of Israel for many generations.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-25
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030049
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 50: Tracing Disabled Children’s Lives in
19th-Century Scotland through Public and Institutional Records
Authors: Iain Hutchison
First page: 50
Abstract: Records of asylums, schools, and benevolent organisations that intervened in the lives of disabled children in Scotland during the long nineteenth century have survived to varying degrees in public and institutional archives. This might suggest the existence of detailed primary source material that stands in contrast to the sparse data about those disabled children who ‘escaped’ the attention of organisations that aimed to support and direct their lives. However, the records of these formal organisations are inconsistent in what they reveal about the lives of the children under their patronage. This article explores the challenges presented by the records of three organisations, namely, the Scottish Institution for the Education of Imbecile Children in Larbert, Edinburgh’s Gayfield Square blind school, and East Park Home for Aiding Infirm Children in the Maryhill district of Glasgow. Among the deficiencies of surviving institutional records are the frequent paucity of insights into the lives of their young residents. This article will consider how some of their life journeys can nonetheless be researched by marshalling data from the likes of mandatory registration records and decennial census enumerators’ books. In addition to benefits afforded to genealogists, such records provide historians with materials from which disabled lives can be reconstructed and analysed.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-26
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030050
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 51: How Mitochondrial DNA Can Write Pre-History:
Kinship and Culture in Duero Basin (Spain) during Chalcolithic and Bronze
Age
Authors: Sara Palomo-Díez, Ángel Esparza-Arroyo, Olga Rickards, Cristina Martínez-Labarga, Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo
First page: 51
Abstract: The chronological period from the beginning of the Chalcolithic Age to the end of the Bronze Age on the Iberian northern sub-plateau of the Iberic Peninsula involves interesting social and cultural phenomena, such as the appearance of the Bell Beaker and, later, the Cogotas I cultures. This work constructs a genetic characterisation of the maternal lineages of the human population that lived on the northern sub-plateau between 5000 and 3000 years ago through an analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a kind of genetic marker that is inherited through maternal lineages, unaltered from generation to generation. Population and cultural questions are investigated through mtDNA analyses. This study intends to shed light on the following questions. Were individuals who were buried together in multiple or collective burials biologically related through their maternal lineages' Were there distinct maternal human lineages in the same or different geographical areas if different material cultures (Bell Beaker and Cogotas I) were associated with the arrival of new human populations who established close biological relationships with the endogenous populations' Or could this be the result of the transmission of knowledge without human populations mixing' Another important question is whether the material cultures were related to the female populations. We analysed 91 individuals from 28 different archaeological sites of the Iberian northern sub-plateau from four different chrono-cultural periods (Pre-Bell Beaker, Bell Beaker, Proto-Cogotas I, and Cogotas I), from the end of the Chalcolithic Age up to the Bronze Age. There were two historical moments of new populations arriving: the first during the Pre-Bell Beaker period, associated with the K mtDNA haplogroup, and the second during the Proto-Cogotas I culture, with new lineages of the H, HVO, and T haplogroups. Neither of these new population flows were directly associated with the maximum development of the two main material cultures Bell Beaker and Cogotas I, so they must have occurred immediately beforehand, during the Pre-Bell Beaker and Proto-Cogotas I periods, respectively. However, we cannot discard an association between the populations and material cultures. Curiously, it has also been observed that there was also a tendency towards multiple burials, in which the individuals who were buried together belonged to the same maternal lineage, during these two periods of population change. This study has shed some light on the populational changes that occurred through these different periods in this specific geographical area of the northern sub-plateau of the Iberian Peninsula.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030051
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 52: The Origins of the Royal Spanish Surname
Castilla: Genetics and Genealogy
Authors: Ana María López-Parra, María Soledad Mesa, Fernando Castilla, Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo
First page: 52
Abstract: In most Western European societies, surnames pass from generation to generation and in cases where surnames are shared by fathers to children, the Y chromosome passes down from fathers to male offspring in the same way as surnames do. The aim of this study was to ascertain the patrilineal relationship between individuals with the surname “Castilla” and their respective Y-chromosome haplotypes. The toponymic surname “Castilla” is part of the Spanish royal family. Genealogical studies of this surname have allowed the formulation of different hypotheses about its origin, most of which were centered in Burgos. To shed some light on the origin of the surname Castilla and to investigate the possible co-ancestry behind the living carriers of this surname, markers located in the Y chromosome-specific region were analyzed in a sample of 102 men whose paternal surname was Castilla. The study aimed to establish the minimum number of founders and the expansion time of the lineages from our sample. Two major haplogroups were identified: R1b and E1b1b-M81. The high frequency of the E1b1b-M81 haplogroup in comparison to that of the general Spanish population, its low haplotype diversity, and its young TMRCA (323+/− 255 years CE) are compatible with the historical timing of the obligation to use surnames. However, the coincidence of the most common haplogroup in the Castilla sample and the most frequent haplogroup in the Spanish general population, R1b, makes it difficult to identify founder haplotypes/haplogroups in the history of the Castilla surname.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-07-31
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030052
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 53: The Genealogical Message of Beatrix
Frangepán
Authors: Klára Berzeviczy, András Liska, Gyula Pályi
First page: 53
Abstract: Beatrix Frangepán (* c. 1480, +(27 March) 1510) from the Counts of Veglia (Krk), Modrus and Zengg was a descendant from one of the leading families of the Hungarian–CroatianHungarian–Croatian late Medieval Kingdom. She became wife of Crown Prince János Corvinus-Hunyadi and later of Margrave Georg Hohenzollern-Brandenburg. From her first marriage, she had three children. One of these, Kristóf, who died young, was buried together with his father in Lepoglava (Croatia). Recently, successful archaeogenetic analyses have been performed on the remains of János and Kristóf Corvinus-Hunyadi; and in the course of these studies, the family background of Kristóf’s mother, Beatrix Frangepán, became an important factor. The present study provides a nine-generation family tree of Beatrix Frangepan as a complementary data pool for an eventual expansion of the archaeogenetic studies. Preliminary results of archaeological study of the supposed grave of Beatrix Frangepán are also reported.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-03
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030053
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 54: The Development of the State Emblems and
Coats of Arms in Southeast Europe
Authors: Jovan Jonovski
First page: 54
Abstract: Heraldic traditions in southeast European countries are similar, as are the histories of their state emblems and coat of arms. Their development could be classified into three periods: (1) from the founding of the states until the end of World War II; (2) the socialist period; and (3) the period of democratisation after the collapse of socialism. The focus of this work is the processes of the adoption of coats of arms. The descriptions are taken from the appropriate legal documents. This paper examines the emblems and coats of arms of modern southeastern European, or Balkan states, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Slovenia, and Serbia.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030054
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 55: I See Myself Strong: A Description of an
Expressive Poetic Method to Amplify Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
Trans, Queer Indigenous Youth Experiences in a Culture-Centered HIV
Prevention Curriculum
Authors: Ramona Beltrán, Antonia Rose-Garriga Alvarez, Angela R. Fernandez
First page: 55
Abstract: Poetry is an ideal tool to convey participant voices in social research as it compresses the meaning and essence of participant narratives through using evocative sensory words that illuminate nuances of lived experience. Expressive poetics is an emerging arts-based research method that facilitates a multi-sensory and relational analytical process. In this article, the authors describe and illustrate an adapted expressive poetics research method through highlighting the experiences of Two Spirit, lesbian, gay, transgender, or queer (2SLGBTQ) Indigenous youth that participated in a culture-centered HIV prevention curriculum. It is our hope that through creating dialogic poems, we deepen and nuance the salient experiences of participant youth, acknowledge our relationship through adding our creative response to their calls for care, and create a model for others to engage in a similar process. In a time when 2SLGBTQ bodies are increasingly targeted and policed, it is more important than ever to center and amplify these voices.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-09
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030055
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 56: Critical Family History and Migration:
Introductory Essay
Authors: Giselle Byrnes, Catharine Coleborne
First page: 56
Abstract: Inspired by the work of Christine Sleeter and Avril Bell, among others, the articles that comprise this Special Issue seek to respond to questions focused on the relationship between family history and the processes of migration and colonisation and how this might impact on a family’s sense of itself today [...]
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-09
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030056
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 57: Foraging Eco-Ethology, Incentives and
Motivations in the Kindergartens of Norway Based on Sámi and
Norwegian Cultures
Authors: Veronica Bergan, Marikaisa Laiti
First page: 57
Abstract: Early childhood education (ECE) institutions in Norway highly value nature and outdoor activities. The framework plan for kindergartens encourages that children get insights into the origin of food. The approach for imparting this knowledge incentivises foraging in kindergartens. The eco-ethology of humans is dependent on cultural values and practices and what is available for harvest in the local environments in different seasons. This paper explores the incentives and motivations for foraging in kindergartens in Norway through a qualitative approach. The data was collected from Sámi and Norwegian ECE professionals through on-site video documentation, group interviews, in-depth semi-structural interviews, and field notes. It was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, in which the researchers had an active role in the process through reflexive engagement with theory, data, and interpretation. Three themes related to the incentives and motivations for foraging were found: (1) “viewpoints of nature”, (2) “transfer and production of knowledge”, and lastly (3) “motives and meaning for foraging”. Norwegian ECE professionals seemed to view nature as a place to explore outdoors (termed friluftsliv) and Sámi ECE professionals used nature for a practical purpose (termed meahcci). Nature was used by all the ECE professionals for transfer and production of knowledge. The motives and meaning for foraging in ECE settings in Norway originated from the cultural values of purposeful use of nature’s resources. Further studies are needed to investigate the prevalence and importance of foraging practices in ECE, especially in terms of its significance to education for sustainability.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-09
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030057
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 58: Decolonising an Irish Surname by Working the
Hyphen of Gene-Ealogy
Authors: Esther Fitzpatrick, Mike Fitzpatrick
First page: 58
Abstract: The surname Fitzpatrick is readily identified as Irish. Until recently, the traditional Fitzpatrick surname narrative was of a medieval super-progenitor named Giolla Phádraig. His offspring, the eponymous Mac Giolla Phádraig, it was said, somehow came to dwell in every Irish province; yet this is an Irish surname myth that works to erase the history of ancient ‘Fitzpatrick’ clans. This article demonstrates how deconstructing the surname Fitzpatrick, through working the hyphen of gene-eaology, is a practice of decolonisation. Via genetic data and archival records, dominant clan identities are disrupted, while connections with lost clans are re/membered. Critical analysis dismantles the dominant narrative imposed by colonial strategies and reconnects people with kinship groups and forgotten forebears. Questions arise from the deconstruction of an Irish surname. How might new clan identities be imagined, and how is losing a dominant surname narrative negotiated'
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-09
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030058
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 59: Identity Awoken in Second-Generation British
Poles in the UK—Personal Journeys
Authors: Antonia Bifulco, Maureen Smojkis
First page: 59
Abstract: We examine the identity of British Poles born in the UK, whose parents arrived as allied servicemen and their families, seeking asylum following WW2. The two authors are from this community, and here examine their British-Polish identity along with other second-generation Poles in the UK. These individuals grew up in distinct communities exposed to the Polish language and culture but with restricted contact with communist Poland. The themes of response to parents’ trauma experience, Polish identity in childhood and in midlife, Polish language, and visiting family in Poland were explored. Many described parents as secretive about the horrors of war but keen to retain and propagate their Polish identity. Some felt they were not fully Polish, but their identity increased with access to modern Poland as adults. The Polish language was important to identity but linked to feeling inadequacy when not fluent. Visiting family in Poland enhanced identity, was valued, and provided information on family history. European identity was adopted by some to cover both their British and Polish identity. Genealogy and family history are popular and linked to community, and British Poles have a distinct contribution and a voice in showing how identity can emerge out of family trauma.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-14
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030059
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 60: Axiological Aspect of Sovereign States
Armorial: Russia vs. Great Britain
Authors: Ekaterina V. Sklizkova
First page: 60
Abstract: The semiosphere reflects universal and culturally determined characteristics. Heraldry is one of the most complex sign systems. Alive and flexible semiotics is urgent for studies. The aim of this paper is to mark the axiological character of Russian and British sovereign state armorials with an accent on animals. Based on both Russian and British research, this paper focuses on syntactics and pragmatics of arms analyzed in a synchronic and diachronic manner. A cross-cultural comparative approach to Russian and British armorial bearings can be viewed as a novel contribution. The paper embraces structural and semantic aspects, the temporal and pragmatics sphere and Jargon du blazon. English heraldry is relevant to the European tradition, and the Russian one has political value. For both countries, it is associated with foreign influence. The system of European coats of arms is coherent with the institution of property and war, and the Russian one with inheritance. For Britain, heraldry was one of the culture-forming components, and for Russia, it was just one of the elements of culture.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-21
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030060
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 61: International Migration: Definition, Causes
and Effects
Authors: Samson Maekele Tsegay
First page: 61
Abstract: This paper explores the concept of migration, and its causes and effects, with a focus on international migration. Various journal articles, reports, and policy documents are reviewed to address the controversies concerning the concept and key issues of migration. The paper indicates that migration is not only a contested concept, but migration research has resulted in different outcomes. It is mainly affected by personal, socio-economic, and political factors associated with the origin and host countries. Similarly, scholars have been asking the question, “who is a migrant'” for decades without a definite answer. It is also important to consider “what would happen after migrants obtain host country citizenship”: would they continue to be migrants, the host countries’ citizens, or both' This paper contributes to advancing our knowledge and broadening our understanding of the concept of migration and key issues associated with it. It also serves as a base for further discussion.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-26
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030061
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 62: Igniting Pathways for Land-Based Healing:
Possibilities for Institutional Accountability
Authors: Diana Melendez, Diana Ballesteros, Cameron Rasmussen, Alexis Jemal
First page: 62
Abstract: U.S. based post-secondary educational institutions usually have violent origin stories that include land theft, genocide, and the participation in slavery. Schools of social work are no exception. In recent years, colleges and universities, including schools of social work, have started to confront their histories of and participation in racial-settler colonialism. The severance of land as kinship, and land theft, have been a significant part of the harms of racial-settler colonialism. Colleges and universities have benefited from land theft, primarily through land-grants. Still, institutional accountability has been minimal, including limited acknowledgment of harm and modest changes in curriculum and staff. This paper expands the terrain of institutional accountability in social work higher education to consider land-based healing initiatives as a critical remedy for the harms of racial settler colonialism. This paper provides a historical review and decolonial analysis of the connection between social work higher education and land-grant institutions. Building on social cartography literature, a mapping framework for decolonizing higher education is examined in relation to questions of institutional accountability by land-grant universities. This framework is offered in conjunction with contemporary examples of struggles for institutional accountability in and outside of higher education. The paper concludes with future recommendations for research related to institutional accountability and the implications of land-based healing as an approach.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-08-29
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030062
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 63: Genealogy of Depopulation Processes in Spain:
A Case Study of Emigration among Young University Students
Authors: Rocío Blanco-Gregory, María Cortés-Ruiz
First page: 63
Abstract: In the mid-20th century, the region of Extremadura suffered an important exodus of unskilled young people in search of work opportunities that would allow them to survive. Nowadays, the phenomenon is repeating itself, but with certain differences. The current emigrant is somewhat more adult, more qualified and without a specific job in the place of destination. The current study focuses on a survey carried out at the University of Extremadura among students in the areas of social sciences, humanities, legal sciences and economics in order to understand their intention to emigrate abroad once they have finished their studies. We found that there is no distinction between genders and that most of the students have direct or indirect cases of international mobility in their environment, which encourages them to take this option into account if, once they have finished their studies, their job aspirations are not satisfied in their place of origin. This reflects certain similarities with the migratory movement that took place in the mid-20th century; however, today, the objectives pursued with this mobility are quite different.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-07
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030063
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 64: Child Trafficking in Africa: Reimagining the
Problem
Authors: Mitterand Okorie, Uchenna Okeja
First page: 64
Abstract: Current perspectives on the intractability of child trafficking in Africa considers the problem as a failure of law enforcement or a lack of political will by state actors. In response, these works tend to suggest the need for strengthened institutional mechanisms as a preventative measure to curb the problem. We contend however, that this perspective does not fully appreciate the seeming detachment of civil society in Africa regarding the plight of children. In light of this, we argue that an examination of child trafficking as an intractable human rights problem ought to first, interrogate how childhood is viewed in the continent. Such interrogation creates the possibility of reimagining the problem by observing the lived realities of children in Africa and the (in)ability of society to keep track with their humanity. Further, we propose the need to memorialize the harms that children in Africa have been exposed to in the past and present through commemorative markers, as a means of appreciating the precarity of childhood in the continent. We reason that doing so will create a stronger sense of responsibility for state and civil society towards children and potentially curb child trafficking.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-11
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030064
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 65: The Effects of Binding Moral Foundations on
Prejudiced Attitudes toward Migrants: The Mediation Role of Perceived
Realistic and Symbolic Threats
Authors: Fleur Bianco, Ankica Kosic
First page: 65
Abstract: (1) Background: This study explores how threat perception mediates the relationship between binding moral foundations and prejudice toward migrants. We hypothesized that the relationship between binding moral foundations and prejudice against migrants, which is already established in the literature, is mediated through realistic and symbolic threat perception. (2) Methods: Two separate samples were gathered, in Malta (N = 191) and Italy (N = 189). The participants responded to an anonymous questionnaire containing several scales: the Moral Foundation Questionnaire, perceived threat from migrants, prejudice toward migrants, and social distance from several macro-categories of migrants. (3) Results: We confirmed a significant relationship between binding moral foundations and explicit prejudice toward migrants, and also found that this relationship was mediated by perceived realistic and symbolic threats in both countries. However, when the indices of social distance were considered as criterion variables, the direct relationship between binding moral foundations and social distance was not confirmed for all the migrant macro-groups. In addition, in some migrant groups, we found that this relationship was mediated by perceived realistic and symbolic threats. (4) Conclusions: This study indicates that the perception of realistic threats may have a significant role in determining the effect of binding moral foundations; this may have theoretical and practical implications.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-15
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030065
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 66: Assembling the Crisis of COVID-19 in
Australia: A Foucauldian Analysis of Prime Ministerial Press Conferences
in March 2020
Authors: Margo Turnbull
First page: 66
Abstract: In this article, I present a Foucauldian analysis of the speeches made by the then Prime Minister of Australia (Mr. Scott Morrison) in March 2020. This analysis sets out to explore the political rationalities that assembled COVID-19 as a particular type of ‘problem’ that warranted unprecedented governmental intervention into the everyday lives of citizens. I believe that the insights provided by such an analysis are relevant to ongoing examination of governing in liberal democracies both during a crisis and afterwards.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-18
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030066
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 67: Ethical Dilemmas and Family History: A
Psychological Approach
Authors: Susan M. Moore
First page: 67
Abstract: Family historians frequently encounter ethical issues in the course of their research, and many come to recognise the moral dilemmas facing them. Common dilemmas revolve around topics such as whether family secrets should be revealed or favourite stories debunked in light of the evidence, how the privacy of living relatives can be maintained when family histories are published, if the ‘sins of the fathers’ require reparation (and how this might be possible), and to what extent is it acceptable to romanticise or ‘whitewash’ one’s ancestral story. In this paper, dilemmas such as these are discussed using the theoretical framework of psychologist Jonathan Haidt whose model of five moral ‘instincts’ includes care, fairness, loyalty, respect for authority, and sanctity. It is concluded that examining ethical issues using such a framework has the potential to stimulate empathy, reduce impulsive action, and increase the likelihood of finding creative solutions to moral dilemmas.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-19
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030067
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 68: Surnames of Georgian Jews: Historical and
Linguistic Aspects
Authors: Alexander Beider
First page: 68
Abstract: The article provides an analysis of several aspects of the corpus of surnames used by Jews who lived after the end of the Middle Ages in the territory that today corresponds to the Republic of Georgia. One section covers historical aspects: the earliest attestations and their exact status and the period when the use of surnames became stabilized. The next two sections discuss morphological aspects: the endings found in the surnames and historical, linguistic, and social explanations of the distribution observed, compound names, names with demonymic suffixes, and those based on hypocoristic forms of given names (a detailed coverage of methods of constructing such forms is also provided). In the remaining sections, the reader will find an analysis of phonetic peculiarities found in Georgian Jewish surnames, the types of surnames with their statistical distribution, as well as the description of surnames that were not created in Georgia but were brought as ready-made forms by Jews who migrated during the 19th–20th centuries to Georgia from other territories.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030068
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 69: Lost in Translation' Agency and
Incommensurability in the Transnational Travelling of Discourses of
Sexualized Harm
Authors: Alison Crosby
First page: 69
Abstract: This article argues for incommensurability, incoherence, and difference as the grounds through which to think about sexualized harm and its redress. It seeks to remove the “me” from the “too”, and to instead consider the structures of white supremacy and neocolonial power that have facilitated white Western feminists’ ability to participate in shaping a hegemonic discourse of sexualized harm and its transnational travelling. The article traces the author’s personal genealogy of rights work in the context of shifts in international jurisprudence in relation to wartime sexualized violence. It looks back and reflects on an eight-year feminist participatory action research project that accompanied 54 Mayan women protagonists who survived a multiplicity of harm, including sexual violence, during Guatemala’s 36-year genocidal war. The project documented the protagonists’ engagement with transitional justice mechanisms, including a paradigmatic court case and a national reparations program, as part of their struggles for redress. The concept of “protagonism” is used to understand agency in the aftermath of genocidal violence as relational, co-constructed, and imbued with power. The meaning of sexualized harm is always “in-translation” between Western and Mayan onto-epistemological positionings, as Mayan women seek to suture land-body-territory in their multifaceted strategies for redress that engage but always exceed rights regimes.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-09-21
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7030069
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 3 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 24: More than an Afterimage: Music as Holocaust
Spatial Representation and Legacy
Authors: Kellie D. Brown
First page: 24
Abstract: Music occupies a unique and multi-faceted role in spatial representation of the Holocaust, both in terms of documenting its horrors and in cultivating legacy. This uniqueness derives from music’s dual temporal and physical essence as it is represented by written scores that serve as a blueprint, as sonic events that fill both time and space, and as musical instruments that operate as conduits for both. String instruments, in particular, have occupied a vital place in Jewish culture and, consequently, during the Holocaust. In the most tragic sense, some of these instruments even became actual containers of genocidal evidence as with violins played outside concentration camp crematoria that filled with the human ash that fell. This article will demonstrate that, when played, these instruments transform into living artifacts and musical witnesses, with voices that can speak for those who have been silenced, and that the resulting music that resonates from the printed page fills a sonic space that serves as a powerful medium for memory and representation. The phrase “bearing witness” often refers to representing the stories of people, places, and experiences through words, either written or spoken. But material culture also has a role to play in representation. While objects, art, and architecture certainly support language-based witness, they also provide their own unique lens and conduit for testimony. This seems especially true for music, which has the ability to exist as and cross between both words and objects. Nevertheless, music as material witness remains a complex and often understudied aspect of historical testimony. As a result, this paper will explore through an interdisciplinary approach the divergent nature of music as an aural form, as a creative art, and as a cultural artifact and will offer examples of how music can enhance, elucidate, and complicate Holocaust representation.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020024
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 25: The Kindertransport Everyday: The
Complexities of Domestic Space for Child Refugees
Authors: Hannah Louise Coombs
First page: 25
Abstract: Analysis of refugee experiences often stands in the context of broad and visible experiences, despite the accounts of child refugees consistently recalling their experiences through domestic, everyday experience. Over 80 years since the Kindertransport, the autobiographical literature bears witness to the lived realities of Kindertransport refugees, standing as memorials to their alternative experiences of the Holocaust. This paper addresses accounts shared through autobiographical texts, arguing that the Kinder constantly negotiated their identity performance in response to new ‘home’ spaces, creating new relationships with space in the homes of others. This article discusses spatial theory and identity performance to analyse the ways in which domestic spaces were a defining factor in the Kinder’s experiences and identity development, and likewise, how the Kinder’s experiences shaped their perceptions of domestic space. Everyday experiences exert affective impacts through repetitive encounters, and the Kindertransport saw children immersed in new everyday norms. Entering new, shared spaces during childhood, the Kinder experienced long-lasting impacts on identity development as they became distanced from familiar norms and suddenly immersed in new alternatives. Kinder found themselves with limited privacy in seemingly private homes as they entered into already-inhabited domestic environments. Blurred boundaries between public and private within these spaces contributed to an unusual constancy of performance as the Kinder were constantly before an audience.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-11
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020025
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 26: Family History Research and Distressing
Emotions
Authors: Susan M. Moore
First page: 26
Abstract: Anecdotal evidence suggests that the popular pastime of exploring one’s family history can unleash strong emotions, both positive and negative. The aim of this study was to chart the extent and nature of negative emotions among family historians, and profile those most vulnerable to distress. Data from an online survey of 775 adult Australian hobbyist family historians showed nearly two-thirds experienced strong distressing emotions such as anger, shock and sadness while researching their forebears. Triggers included discoveries which led to feelings of betrayal and distrust or posed moral dilemmas. Also distressing were findings about ancestors who behaved badly, were treated cruelly/unfairly, or who experienced tragedy. Family historians who reported strong negative emotions were more likely than those who did not to be younger, female, spend more time on their hobby, have half-siblings, driven by the motive for greater self-understanding, and score higher on the personality trait of openness to experience but lower on emotional stability. The study is important because it raises issues of (a) what support is available to family historians who find their discoveries strongly distressing and (b) whether purveyors of genealogical research products should provide more education and support to their clients.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020026
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 27: Maternal Lineages during the Roman Empire, in
the Ancient City of Gadir (Cádiz, Spain): The Search for a
Phoenician Identity
Authors: Cláudia Gomes, Carlos González Wagner, Manuel Calero-Fresneda, Sara Palomo-Díez, César López-Matayoshi, Inês Nogueiro, Ana María López-Parra, Elena Labajo González, Bernardo Perea Pérez, José María Gener Basallote, Juan Miguel Pajuelo, Eduardo Arroyo Pardo
First page: 27
Abstract: Phoenicians were probably the first eastern Mediterranean population to establish long-distance connections with the West, namely the Iberian Peninsula, from the final Bronze to the early Iron Age. For a long time, these colonies all over the Mediterranean Sea directly depended on an important city administration, Gadir, the most important metropolis in the Western Mediterranean. Modern archaeological excavations were discovered in Cadiz (Spain), the ancient city of Gadir, as well as possible Phoenician burial places. The purpose of the present work is the molecular study of 16 individuals, (V–IV millennium B.C, V A.D.) from several burial places found in Cadiz, attempting to disclose their maternal biogeographical ancestry. Furthermore, the determination of a possible biological link between two individuals found buried together was also an objective of this investigation. Of all the 16 analyzed individuals, eight of them produced positive results. Three main lineages were found: HV0, H and L3b. In general, the results support an Eastern origin for this set of individuals, reinforcing the theory of a Phoenician origin. Due to their historical period, in some cases, it was not possible to discard a Roman origin. Finally, the maternal kinship between two individuals found buried together was discarded.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-17
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020027
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 28: Genetics Unveil the Genealogical Ancestry and
Physical Appearance of an Unknown Historical Figure: Lady Leonor of
Castile (Spain) (1256–1275)
Authors: Sara Palomo-Díez, Cláudia Gomes, María Sonia Fondevila, Ángel Esparza-Arroyo, Ana María López-Parra, María Victoria Lareu, Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo, Juan Francisco Pastor
First page: 28
Abstract: Through this study, it has been possible to establish an accurate prediction of the physical characteristics, biogeographical origin, and genealogical ancestry of a previously obscured historical figure: The Princess Lady Leonor of Castile (1256–1275), one of the legitimate daughters of the Spanish King Alfonso X “The Wise”. The genetic analysis of External Visible Characteristics in the mummified remains attributed to this Princess has allowed determining her origin by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analysis, and her physical appearance for hair, eyes, and skin color by autosomal SNPs. The results show that the mummified remains correspond to a young European woman with black hair, green-hazel eyes, and white skin. Her physical appearance has not been possible to be compared with any pictorial source, but the biogeographical analysis results are consistent with the historiographic genealogical information.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020028
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 29: Genetic Population Flows of Southeast Spain
Revealed by STR Analysis
Authors: María Saiz, Christian Haarkötter, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez, Juan Carlos Alvarez, Jose Antonio Lorente
First page: 29
Abstract: The former Kingdom of Granada, comprising the provinces of Granada, Málaga, and Almería (GMA), was once inhabited for over 700 years (711–1492 AD) by a North African population, which influenced its creation and establishment. The genetic data on 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) in 245 unrelated donor residents were examined in order to assess any possible admixture. As the two surnames in Spain follow an inheritance similar to the Y chromosome, both surnames of all 245 unrelated individuals were queried and annotated. The Spanish Statistics Office website was consulted to determine the regions with the highest frequency of individuals born bearing each surname. Further, several heraldry and lineage pages were examined to determine the historical origin of the surnames. By AMOVA and STRUCTURE analysis, the populations of the three provinces can be treated genetically as a single population. The analysis of allele frequencies and genetic distance demonstrated that the GMA population lay in the Spanish population group but was slightly more similar to the North African populations than the remainder of the Spanish populations. In addition, the surnames of most individuals originated in Northern and Central Spain, whereas most surnames had higher frequencies in Southern Spain. These results confirm that the GMA population shows no characteristics that reflect a greater genetic influence of North African people than the rest of the populations of the Iberian Peninsula. This feature is consistent with the historical data that African inhabitants were expelled or isolated during the repopulation of the region with Spaniards from Northern Spain. The knowledge of present populations and their genetic history is essential for better statistical results in kinship analyses.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-25
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020029
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 30: Tracing a Female Mind in Late Nineteenth
Century Australia: Rose Selwyn
Authors: Paula Jane Byrne
First page: 30
Abstract: Rose Selwyn (1824–1905) was a first wave Australian feminist and public speaker. The poetry, art, and scraps of writing Rose left in her archive allow the reader to piece together an intellectual history, a genealogy of the making of self. Rose attained her way of being through several contemporary influences—the mysticism of Tractarianism, a concern with death and its meanings, an interest in the literary edges of the world, a concern with the suffering body, and a passion for women and a woman-centred world. From these tangled contemporary concerns, she made a feminism for all non-Aboriginal women apparent in her speeches. Her role as a colonising woman in a violent landscape created a complex relationship with Aboriginal people where she may be seen to be criticising her elite landholding (squatter) peers and introducing concepts such as an Aboriginal parliament.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020030
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 31: Difficulties in Kinship Analysis for
Victims’ Identification in Armed Conflicts
Authors: Gabriel Manera-Scliar, Santiago Hernández, Miguel Martín-López, Cláudia Gomes
First page: 31
Abstract: Regarding human identification in armed conflicts, various complications can be observed. Usually, such difficulties can be social-related, which can include the lack of access to the relative’s genetic material, or the unwillingness of administrative and judicial authorities to participate in the process of identification. In the case of genetics, the analysis allows identifying the individual from a blood sample, a part of an organ, or from skeletal remains, which is why it is considered a much more extensive and effective method when compared with fingerprint techniques or odontology. However, several factors can prevent this identification, such as considerably degraded genetic material. For successful identification, it is mandatory to have access to antemortem biological samples unequivocally attributed to the individual in question, using recombinant nuclear markers, as well as using biological samples from close relatives, whether parents or sons. Nevertheless, the problems associated with armed conflicts make this type of study very difficult. In this article, we focus on the main difficulties encountered when identifying an individual victim of an armed conflict, as well as on the possibilities that exist and on viable measures that could be required to improve the identification of these victims.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-04-29
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020031
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 32: Racism, Discrimination, and Harassment in
Medical Schools in the UK: A Scoping Review
Authors: Alexander Montasem, Teuta Gjuladin-Hellon, Hassan Awan, Brian Aine, Julian Whyte, Norah Alqadah, Chukwuemeka Ibeachu
First page: 32
Abstract: Background: Discrimination, racism, harassment, stereotyping, and bullying are a significant issue for medical students as they create a hostile environment with detrimental effect on student wellbeing and educational experience. Findings suggest that though prevalent, reporting of these experiences is rare and perceived as ineffective. Objectives: This scoping review aims to map the trends, types, and nature of discrimination, harassment, bullying, stereotyping, intimidation, and racism reports in undergraduate medical education in the UK since 2010 and to determine areas of focus for undertaking full systematic reviews in the future. Method: A search was conducted using the MEDLINE, AHMED, CINHL, and EMBASE electronic databases from 2010 up to February 2022 in English. Only primary research papers (e.g., cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and case series) that report the words/phrases discrimination (including gender and racial), harassment (including verbal, sexual, academic, and physical), bullying, stereotype, intimidation, and racism within medical education in the UK after 2010, following the Equity Act 2010, were eligible for inclusion. Results: Five relevant articles relating to discrimination, harassment, bullying, stereotyping, intimidation, and racism in medical schools in the UK were included. Three themes were identified across these studies. Conclusions: The data suggest that there is a high prevalence rate of discrimination, harassment, and stereotyping being experienced by ethnic minority undergraduate medical students in the UK. There is underreporting due to perceived and structural barriers. The identified studies suggest that less progress has been made in these areas.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-05
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020032
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 33: Impact of War Trauma on Interpersonal
Mistrust among Syrian Refugees in Germany and Their Interpersonal Trust in
Germans
Authors: Ahmad Al Ajlan
First page: 33
Abstract: In forced migration literature, there is a lack of studies on the impact of war trauma on interpersonal mistrust among refugees and their interpersonal trust in members of the host society. To contribute to filling this gap, the author studied the impact of war trauma on interpersonal mistrust among Syrian refugees in Germany and their interpersonal trust in Germans. The data are based on semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 Syrian refugees and asylum-seekers conducted in 2018 and 2019. The author argues that because traumatised refugees are powerfully influenced by past traumatic events experienced in their home country, they tend to mistrust people who can be associated with the place where these traumatic experiences occurred. In contrast, they are inclined to trust people who cannot be linked to the geographical location of the traumatic experiences. The main result of this study is that similarity—that of war-traumatised refugees sharing the same socio-cultural backgrounds—leads to interpersonal mistrust, while dissimilarity leads to interpersonal trust. The author of this paper calls for considering trust-building among war traumatised refugees, which has significant importance for refugee integration.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020033
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 34: “To Show in a Frozen Moment”:
Camp Models and Dioramas as Forms of Holocaust Representation and Memory
Authors: Jamie Lee Wraight
First page: 34
Abstract: This article seeks to investigate the design and creation of several models and dioramas of Holocaust death camps as spatial and historical representations of Holocaust memory. It broadly discusses their use as pedagogical tools, forms of art, testimonial expression and memorialization. It also addresses questions concerning the intention of their designers and creators, as well as the ethical considerations of recreating these spaces.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020034
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 35: The Racial and Ethnic Identity Development
Process for Adult Colombian Adoptees
Authors: Veronica Cloonan, Tammy Hatfield, Susan Branco, LaShauna Dean
First page: 35
Abstract: This research aimed to understand the process adult Colombian adoptees raised in the United States of America go through to define themselves in the context of race and ethnicity. The research followed a qualitative narrative methodology, in which six participants were interviewed twice regarding their experiences with transracial and transnational adoption and their ethnic and racial identity process. The results suggest that identity is a dynamic process. Our research also confirms Colombian’s history of unethical adoptions and its influence on the complexity of identity and loss of adult Colombian adoptees. Throughout the article, the researchers use the term biological family referring to Colombian birth families. However, we acknowledge that other terms (i.e., first, natural, original, etc.) are also used in the adoptee community.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020035
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 36: Hibernation of Secession Tensions in
Catalonia: Attenuation Trends on Antagonistic Alignments
Authors: Josep M. Oller, Albert Satorra, Adolf Tobeña
First page: 36
Abstract: The secession campaign in Catalonia created a political fracture into two sizeable and opposing citizenry segments, those who favored secession from Spain and those who were against it. In a series of longitudinal studies covering the entire period of regular surveys made by the official polling agency of the Regional Government (2006–2019), we showed that this fissure operated mainly through an ethnolinguistic cleavage based on family language and ascendancy origins. Media outlets linked to successive pro-secession Regional Governments accentuated the division. Here we extend these analyses till 2022, to capture potential variations in such a division across the five years following the failed secession attempt of October 2017. Present findings confirm the persistence of the fissure along similar lines: family language interacts with the influence of regional partisan media to keep the fracture alive, though with trends denoting an attenuation of antagonistic identity alignments. We detected, as well, a turning point for the attenuation of both political confrontation and social division, within a conflict that has not been solved, albeit it appears mitigated. We discuss how elapsed time after secession failure and the effects of several political and non-political events might have helped to dampen down divisive tensions and repair a serious fracture produced by the secession push.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020036
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 37: Latinx and Asian Engagement/Complicity in
Anti-Blackness
Authors: Brittany Aronson, Hannah R. Stohry
First page: 37
Abstract: We live in a world that desperately wishes to ignore centuries of racial divisions and hierarchies by positioning multiracial people as a declaration of a post-racial society. The latest U.S. 2020 Census results show that the U.S. population has grown in racial and ethnic diversity in the last ten years, with the white population decreasing. Our U.S. systems of policies, economy, and well-being are based upon “scientific” constructions of racial difference, hierarchy, Blackness, and fearmongering around miscegenation (racial mixing) that condemn proximity to Blackness. Driven by our respective multiracial Latinx and Asian experiences and entry points to anti-Blackness, this project explores the history of Latinx and Asian racialization and engagement with anti-Blackness. Racial hierarchy positions our communities as honorary whites and employs tactics to complicate solidarity and coalition. This project invites engagement in consciousness-raising in borderlands as sites of transformation as possible methods of addressing structural anti-Blackness.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-25
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020037
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 38: The Study of Adoption in Archaeological Human
Remains
Authors: Manuel Lozano-García, Cláudia Gomes, Sara Palomo-Díez, Ana María López-Parra, Eduardo Arroyo-Pardo
First page: 38
Abstract: This review aims to establish criteria for identifying an adoption process in an archaeological context. We define adoption as raising an individual who does not belong genetically to the family. Adoption appears in different moments of past societies, and when establishing a “family” nucleus burial place we must consider certain social behaviors, such as burials under the houses, collective burials, or laying bodies in specific positions. After observing these signs, we are carrying out a genetic analysis, in order to confirm a biologically related family nucleus. These traces have been traditionally linked to family nuclei because they have been found previously in burials where biological kinship was confirmed. However, there can be cases where, after carrying out the genetic analyses, it is confirmed that certain individuals are not genetically related. In such cases, an adoption case cannot be ruled out. These cases are not easy to identify due to the differences between societies and cultures, so more in-depth studies should be carried out on the type of funeral practice in which these human remains are found to be able to discriminate an adopted individual from one who was not adopted. Therefore, the study of adoption should be carried out based on an in-depth knowledge of the cultural background, before using a powerful tool such as ancient DNA technology.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-28
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020038
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 39: Critical Family History: A Tool to Dismantle
Racism
Authors: Vicki G. Mokuria, Alexia Williams
First page: 39
Abstract: As schools and universities are under attack for educating students about race, racism, and other topics with deep roots that directly link to our current societal challenges, we must find and utilize meaningful tools of resistance. This article is a collaborative auto-ethnographic narrative inquiry that presents the stories of two professors and two students who engaged in the reflective work of critical family history (CFH). Currently, merely mentioning the word racism is so troubling to many politicians whose ideas are rooted in White supremacist ideology that laws are being passed in the U.S. to ban books on certain topics about race and LGBTQIA+ issues so that students cannot even read about these topics. A Tennessee law recently passed in both the state House and Senate seriously diminishes and limits how professors teach putative “divisive topics” related to race and its societal impact at the college level. A valuable teaching tool, critical family history, offers an impactful approach for us, especially for educators, to face the truth about the complexity of our lives and our ancestors, specifically in relation to issues of race—in a subtle, yet powerful way that is grounded in courage, wisdom, and compassion. The findings in this article are both surprising and troubling, which points to why educators need to seek ways to incorporate CFH in their work to dismantle racism.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-05-29
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020039
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 40: Korean Adoption to Australia as Quiet and
Orderly Child Migration
Authors: Jay Song, Ryan Gustafsson
First page: 40
Abstract: Approximately 3600 Korean children have been adopted to Australia, as of 2023. Existing studies have tended to approach transnational or intercountry adoption from child development, social welfare, or identity perspectives. Research on Korean adoption to Australia is relatively scarce. The current article approaches the population from a migration perspective, building on Richard Weil’s conceptualization of transnational adoption as “quiet migration.” Drawing on both Korean-language data from South Korean governments and Australian data, the authors analyse Korean adoption to Australia as a state-sanctioned transnational migratory mechanism that facilitated the orderly movement of children from so-called “deficient” families of predominantly single mothers in South Korea to adoptive families in Australia. Situating adoption practices within the socio-political contexts and larger migration trends of both countries, the authors identify multiple enabling factors for channelling the ‘quiet’ flow of Korean children for adoption and argue the very ‘quietness’ of the adoption system is a source of concern despite Australia’s relatively stringent regulations. A migration perspective and analysis of these enabling factors contributes to the conceptualization of adoption as a socio-political state-sanctioned phenomenon, rather than a solely private family affair.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-06-06
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020040
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 41: “Who’d Have Thought'”:
Unravelling Ancestors’ Hidden Histories and Their Impact on Dharug
Ngurra Presences, Places and People
Authors: Jo Anne Rey
First page: 41
Abstract: As a means of opening the lid on transgenerational silencing—which was a survival strategy for thousands of Indigenous families against intended cultural genocide—while balancing the place of auto/biography in that journey, this paper focuses on the impact of Ancestors’ hidden histories and how the discovery of those histories drives complex identifications when woven with Presences, places, and people on Dharug Ngurra/Country. Using my own family’s recently uncovered early colonial Ancestral storying, histories that involve Dharug traditional custodian, African slave, and Anglo characters, some as First Fleet arrivals, the paper considers the place of auto/biography as a form of agency that brings past into presence, and which, in turn, opens opportunities to heal, decolonise, and transform Dharug and, more broadly, Indigenous communities, their knowledges, practices, and ontologies. When this activation involves most of the metropolis known as Sydney, Australia, we recognise its transformative potential to change non-Indigenous people’s perspectives. When we recognise auto/biography as a form of ‘truth-telling’, it allows a space to re-story relationality, both human and other-than-human, and restores Indigenous presence into Ngurra for biodiverse justice in a climate-changing world. Addressing these matters through poetic multimedia allows a place of safety between the pain and the healing.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-06-13
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020041
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 42: DNA Ancestry Testing and Racial Discourse in
Higher Education: How the (Re)Biologization of Race (Un)Settles
Monoracialism for Graduate Students
Authors: Orkideh Mohajeri, Marc P. Johnston-Guerrero, Anita Foeman, Bessie Lawton
First page: 42
Abstract: The recent proliferation of DNA testing in both popular culture and higher education calls to question whether such testing reifies race as a biological construct and, in particular, whether or not it disrupts or reinforces monoracial categorizations. Graduate students, who are often at a point in their educational journeys to further question and critique commonly held ideas, provide a unique lens through which to investigate discourses surrounding DNA testing. In this qualitative study, we analyze data from four focus groups with 22 racially diverse U.S. graduate students who had recently completed an ancestry test. We identify two specific discourses that graduate student participants engaged in, including (a) a biological race discourse and (b) an agentic choice discourse. Together, these discourses produced distinct unsettled subjectivities for Black and White participants. Our findings suggest the need to more critically consider the usage of DNA ancestry testing in and out of higher education and to provide further nuance around the validity of these tests as they relate to the social construction of race.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-06-14
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7020042
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 4: Global Care Crisis and COVID-19: The Actions
of States and the Initiatives of Female Domestic Paid Workers in Latin
America
Authors: Jorgelina Loza
First page: 4
Abstract: Since 2020, social movements, organizations, and nation-states in Latin America have taken concrete actions in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Although contingency policies were promoted, it did not take long for inequities to become visible. The paid domestic work sector, historically feminized, was strongly affected by the COVID-19 crisis. While Latin American governments launched various assistance policies for the domestic work sector, a contemporary regional initiative of Latin American women, CONLACTRAHO, was also working with its members to help them retain their jobs while risking contracting the disease. Here, we will explore the initiatives developed by some Latin American governments and strategies from CONLACTRAHO in the context of the care crisis and the COVID-19 crisis. These examples will allow us to reflect, from a qualitative, intersectional, and decolonial approach, on commonalities and differences between the civil society agenda and the gender agenda of nation-states in the region. We understand that the unequal labor conditions of domestic workers are strongly related to the societal gender regime that historically distributes roles, opportunities, and resources among gender categories. This work is part of a broader reflection regarding the process of Latin American regional construction and its interrelation with contemporary ideas of nation.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-01-03
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010004
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 5: Maternal Insanity in the Family: Memories,
Family Secrets, and the Mental Health Archive
Authors: Alison Watts
First page: 5
Abstract: This work investigates my family’s long-held secrets that concealed the whereabouts of my grandmother. After years of estrangement, my father discovered Ada living in a mental hospital. Memories are rarely straightforward and could only take us so far in understanding why Ada remained missing from our family for so long. My search for answers involved genealogical research and led me to access Ada’s mental patient files. This rich data source provided some troubling glimpses into Ada’s auditory hallucinations and grandiose delusions and her encounters with several mental institutions in Victoria, Australia, during the twentieth century. Critical family history approaches allow me to gain insights into the gendered power relations within her marriage and the power imbalance within families. The theme of migration is addressed through the lens of mobility when Ada relocated following her marriage and her movement between home on trial leave and several sites of care after her committal. Scholars have shown that the themes of migration and mobility are important and hold personal significance in exploring the connection between mental health and institutionalisation for our family. Here, I demonstrate how mental illness in families is stigmatised and concealed through institutionalisation and its legacy for younger generations.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-01-03
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010005
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 6: Mixedness and Intersectionality: The Use of
Relief Maps to Understand the Experiences of Multiracial Women of African
Descent in Spain
Authors: Teresa Habimana-Jordana, Dan Rodríguez-García
First page: 6
Abstract: This article analyzes the experiences of multiracial women of African descent in Catalonia, Spain—looking at their identity processes, social relations, experiences of racialization and discrimination, and strategies of resistance—using a novel qualitative research method called “Relief Maps,” a very useful tool for the study of social inequalities from an intersectional and multilocational perspective. Relief Maps are a data collection tool and a means of visualizing and analyzing data—providing a graphical representation of interviewee narratives that discuss processes of social inclusion and exclusion. The maps represent three dimensions of experience: (1) psychological (indicating the respondent’s level of discomfort or well-being); (2) geographical (including at least five physical or experiential locations: e.g., home, street, work, school); and (3) social (examining seven social variables or aspects of identity: i.e., gender, ethnicity/skin color, age, sexual orientation, social class, physical appearance, and religion). In this way, the maps show where greater or lesser well-being or discomfort is experienced by the respondent based on each aspect of identity, thus indicating personal places of oppression, places of controversial intersections, neutral places, and places of relief. We argue that this supplementary investigative technique is highly relevant to research in the social sciences, particularly in the field of mixed-race, critical race, and ethnic studies, as it provides an intersectional, reflective, nuanced, and contextual lens for understanding complex social phenomena, leading to information of greater analytical strength.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-01-03
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010006
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 7: Women Physicians and Their Careers:
Athens—1900–1950: A Contribution to Understanding
Women’s History
Authors: Eugenia Bournova, Myrto Dimitropoulou
First page: 7
Abstract: This article combines history of the family with women’s and gender history and the history of women’s education; it is based on an extensive range of archives and aims at highlighting the attitude of society and families towards women who wanted to attend University studies in the beginning of the 20th century. The matter of women’s university education is directly related to the emergence of the feminist movement in Greece. The strong preference of female university students for the exact sciences at that time was justified by contemporary scholars as a choice reflecting women’s nature. This article highlights the role played by family and social class background. To this effect, the life course of three ‘heroines’ is followed from their initial desire to undertake further studies to their participation in the social and cultural life of the capital of Greece, as a contribution to current literature on gender studies. Despite the limited number of cases discussed, we strongly believe that these women’s upbringing enhances our understanding of women’s scientific pursuits and their place in Athenian elite families.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-01-12
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010007
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 8: The Troubled House: Families, Heritance and
the Reckoning of Empire
Authors: Andrew J. May
First page: 8
Abstract: Critical family history expands the frame of a life story beyond the accumulation of facts and figures to an acknowledgement of context, a deeper understanding of structure, a reckoning of circumstance and response and a comparison across time and space. This article explores the complexity of family history in the context of colonial pasts in British India; the possibilities offered by group analysis of colonial actors; and the moral obligation of the family historian to address difficult pasts in all their complexity. Through the migratory careers and migration stories of colonial actors—the dislocated people, objects and memories that sustain identity—a longitudinal dimension is added to family history. Taken collectively, the family history of a domiciled British community in India reveals not just important blood ties, but critical associational links and shared characteristics that structure experience and enhance power. Colonial power must always be measured by its negative effects, but is also relational, situational, variable, commutable and resisted. The article further reflects on the ways in which critical research into settler-colonial migrations delivers our family histories to the doorstep of the present; their possibilities for informing truth-telling at individual and national levels; and the need for a pedagogy of historical contextualisation and ethical citizenship.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-01-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010008
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 9: “Community Envelops Us in This Grey
Landscape of Obstacles and Allows Space for Healing”: The
Perspectives of Indigenous Youth on Well-Being
Authors: Johnny Boivin, Marie-Hélène Canapé, Sébastien Lamarre-Tellier, Alicia Ibarra-Lemay, Natasha Blanchet-Cohen
First page: 9
Abstract: This paper presents Indigenous youths’ perspectives on well-being. Using Indigenous youth participatory action research with the Indigenous youth advisory committee of the Québec Youth Research Network Chair (Canada), community care emerged as the central feature of well-being and was then visually presented in the form of a postcard. We discuss the meaning given to community care, the factors that support it, and the role that a visual illustration can play in promoting change. The article is informed by the co-creation of the postcard, an online luncheon conversation, and several debriefing/reflexive sessions with the Indigenous youth co-authors. Emphasis is placed on cultural continuity, relational agency, and solidarity, offering an alternative point of view to the prevalent and damaging decontextualized, deficit-based, and individualized approaches to well-being.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-02
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010009
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 10: Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Genealogy
in 2022
Authors: Genealogy Editorial Office Genealogy Editorial Office
First page: 10
Abstract: High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010010
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 11: Genealogical Systematics
Authors: Arnold G. Kluge
First page: 11
Abstract: Genealogical research usually begins with the discovery of affinity among individual humans. Such kinship is induced by direct observation, as well as by hearsay (indirect observation) that can be independently confirmed. Those who want to continue investigating a case history after the observational mode of fact-finding is no longer sustainable have no other choice than to switch to the discovery of consanguineous relationships. This involves a paradigm shift, where investigation dramatically changes from observation to inference, from inductive to deductive reasoning. Individuation is important in characterizing the personhood of an individual, but those same facts are of little empirical value in establishing the unification of a family. In addition, genealogists rely on marriage as an observable source of evidence for unification. However, this extrapolation is not completely convincing because marriage does not take into account the uncertainty of paternity. Individual parents usually descend from different parts of family history, which suggests genealogists should evaluate cultural factors responsible for non-random mating in attempting to infer consanguinity. For example, there is the incest taboo, a cultural convention which addresses the abnormal genetic consequences of inbreeding. Other non-random mating factors of a more general nature may also be identified in the unification of genetically different individuals. Here, for example, causality is expected in cultural principles that are of a cohesive and integrative nature. Those kinds of evidence may determine an unmarried pair’s earliest engagement and may also be responsible for the origin and maintenance of the marriage relationship, even throughout post-reproductive life. Lastly, current genealogical research is severely infected with confirmation bias, and from which it must be protected if it is to achieve the status of a scientific discipline. Critical rationalism provides a solution to that kind of problem. It is with remediation in mind, as it applies to all of the aforementioned issues, that genealogical systematics is characterized.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010011
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 12: “Are Not Our Interests the
Same'”: Black Protest, the Lost Cause, and Coalition Building in
Readjuster Virginia
Authors: Bryant K. Barnes
First page: 12
Abstract: Virginia’s Readjuster Party was the most successful interracial political coalition in the post-Reconstruction South. Initially arising from a conflict over the payment of Virginia’s massive public debt, the new party became a force of liberal reform and democracy in the Old Dominion. It represented an alternative path before Jim Crow segregation and disfranchisement became the norm. While the Readjusters have long interested historians, the significant work performed by Black Readjusters in building and sustaining the always-tenuous coalition has gone understudied. Knowing their white counterparts were anxious about interracial political alliances, Black Readjusters eased these anxieties by using the Lost Cause. Black Readjusters condemned carpetbaggers as corrupt and repurposed the myth of the faithful slave to strengthen the interracial coalition, press for their own demands, and demonstrate their status as true southerners. The strategy and its seeming contradictions succeeded in some cases and failed in others, and its ultimate effects remain unclear. By shifting focus to Black Readjusters’ coalition-building labors, this article centers Black political activism and challenges the presumptions scholars make about interracial politics and white supremacy.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010012
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 13: Identity Development and Its Relationship to
Family History Knowledge among Late Adolescents
Authors: Clive G. Haydon, Brian J. Hill, Peter J. Ward, Dennis L. Eggett
First page: 13
Abstract: Identity development among late adolescent university students and its relationship to family history knowledge was examined in this study. Identity development was examined using Marcia’s individual developmental framework (1988) of exploration and commitment and Stutman and Lich’s family systems framework (1984) of autonomy and relatedness. It was proposed that late adolescents’ personal exploration of and commitment to roles and values may be influenced by knowledge of parent and grandparent histories. It was also proposed that late adolescents’ achievement of personal autonomy and positive family relatedness may be influenced by knowledge of parent and grandparent histories. The sample consisted of 239 university students. The Parental Relationship Inventory (PRI) and the Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ) were used to measure identity development. The Do You Know' (DYK) scale measured family history knowledge. Multiple regression analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between commitment and family history knowledge and relatedness and family history knowledge, a negative relationship between autonomy and family history knowledge, and a weak correlation between exploration and family history knowledge. Findings indicated that family history knowledge may influence components of identity development. This has implications for those working to enhance adolescent development.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-22
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010013
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 14: A City in Dérive: Bucharest in Mihail
Sebastian’s Journal 1935–1944: The Fascist Years
Authors: Carmen Levick
First page: 14
Abstract: Mihail Sebastian’s Journal 1935–1944 accurately reflects the changing historical realities in Romania in general and in the capital city of Bucharest in particular, before and during the Second World War. As a Jewish Romanian writer, Sebastian records a landscape of ideological change that has a clear impact on him as a lawyer, an intellectual and a member of the city’s literary high society. This article proposes a new reading and analysis of Sebastian’s work, by focusing on the close relationship between the writer and the city as a vibrant, organic space. My work introduces a new critical vocabulary to the literary analysis of Sebastian’s Journal, through the use of terminology commonly employed by performance studies. The Situationist practices of walking and drifting, further conceptualised by performance studies scholar Carl Lavery, will be utilised as methods of exploring the visual and emotional richness of Sebastian’s work. The intimate relationship between the writer and the city will be constantly framed by the historical and political realities of the time, ensuring a balanced discussion of both literary achievement and historical witnessing.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-23
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010014
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 15: A Stereometry of Non-Memory: Mapping a Lost
Past in W.G. Sebald’s Austerlitz
Authors: Michael Holden
First page: 15
Abstract: This article presents a consideration of W.G. Sebald’s 2001 work Austerlitz—his final novel—according to a variety of spatial and cartographic concepts, including ‘fluid cartography,’ and the notion of countermapping. Particularly, the article will explore the eponymous protagonist’s sense that ‘time [does] not exist at all, only various spaces interlocking according to the rules of a higher form of stereometry,’ and will demonstrate how this subjective experience of time is a consequence of the absence of memory experienced by the protagonist in relation to his origins as a Kindertransport survivor of the Holocaust. Similarly, the article will explore how spaces—particularly buildings—and material artefacts come to act as an (insufficient) surrogate for memory within the text. All of the above will be framed according to a reading of the fundamental spatiality of Sebald’s works, and particularly their map-like quality.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010015
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 16: Real and Imagined Places in the Diary of
Gabriella Trebits
Authors: Heléna Huhák, András Szécsényi
First page: 16
Abstract: Gabriella Trebits was a prisoner of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp between November 1944 and April 1945. The spaces present in her diary include both the places of the camp and her typhoid hallucinations. Gabriella described venues through their sensuous dimensions. Since the sensory experiences of everyday life mingled with her visions, her diary became a “textual journey” between real and imagined places. Her narratives helped her to express the difficulties caused by her physical environment and the confusion caused by her hallucinations. As a result, the references to changes in her sensory impressions created a discursive space for the diarist to express her feelings. Since her narrative depicts a suffering and painful condition, we use Joanna Bourke’s concept of pain talk in our analysis. Moreover, the diary demonstrates that it was possible for typhoid patients to connect with their environment despite their isolated situation. Even on the periphery of the camp space, social life persisted. This exploration will not only uncover the narrative strategy of one diarist but also contribute to a deeper understanding of the ways in which tens of thousands died of starvation and diseases―without mass executions or gas chambers―in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp during the spring of 1945.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-27
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010016
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 17: Toward A U.S. AsianLatinx Intervention in
Critical Mixed Race Studies and Interethnic Relations
Authors: Kevin Ronny Kandamby
First page: 17
Abstract: Diasporic intimacies between Asian and Latinx groups have converged across the world for centuries; the mixing of these cultures and, as a result, mixed individuals are the effect of centuries of interactions with each other. In this article, I review the literature across Critical Mixed Race Studies (CMRS) and Asian and Latinx interethnic relations to situate an AsianLatinx intervention to understand how AsianLatinxs have continually been relegated to the subaltern despite their strong presence in the U.S. I argue that it is necessary to center the AsianLatinx lived experience to understand the interconnectedness of global Asian and Latinx communities. An AsianLatinx intervention disrupts monoracial frameworks of diaspora, mixed identity and interethnic relations to (re)imagine a reality that situates the complexities of mixedness tangential to racialization processes, identity formation and transnationalism.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-02-28
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010017
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 18: Introduction: The History of the
“Balkan Family”
Authors: Maria Todorova
First page: 18
Abstract: In 1996, the freshly created journal “The History of the Family” devoted its fourth issue to the Balkan Family [...]
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-03
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010018
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 19: Blurred Edges: Representation of Space in
Transgenerational Memory of the Nazi Euthanasia Program
Authors: Erika Silvestri
First page: 19
Abstract: Maria Fenski was born on 14 August 1905, in Papenburg. At the age of seventeen, she was diagnosed with “dementia” and hospitalized at the Provinzial-Heil-und Pflegeanstalt Osnabrück, where she remained until 16 January 1923. After a marriage, three children, some happy family years, and various commitments to different clinics, she was killed in Neuruppin State Institution in Brandenburg in 1942, as one of the people murdered in the Nazi Euthanasia Program. Her granddaughter, Hannah, produced a series of sixteen paintings dedicated to her grandmother’s story. There are almost no people in Hannah’s artwork, but empty, lonely, symbolic spaces able to create a bond between past and present. The lack of human figures, the use of cold colors and the blurred edges contribute to creating a suspended atmosphere that seems to be full of painful silences and negations. Hannah transferred onto the canvas an echo of the feelings the victims could have felt, living in conditions they could not understand, separated from the world before they were each made to face a solitary death, far from any contact with their families. Analyzing her work, I reflect on the importance of the concept of “Space” in this specific transgenerational transmission of “Aktion T4” family memory.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010019
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 20: Children of Holocaust Survivors: The
Experience of Engaging with a Traumatic Family History
Authors: Irene Esther Krauskopf, Glen William Bates, Roger Cook
First page: 20
Abstract: This study explored the motivation and the experiences of children of Holocaust survivors who were actively engaged with the traumatic histories of their parents. Our findings are consistent with contemporary views of the intergenerational transmission of the effects of trauma to descendants of Holocaust survivors and reflect a mixture of resilience and vulnerabilities. We interviewed 24 siblings from 11 families who were adult children of Holocaust survivors, alongside the experience of the first author (IK), also a child of Holocaust survivors. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of those interviews identified two overarching themes related to the motivation to gather information about their parents’ stories and their experience of seeking this knowledge. Two themes relate to motivation. The first captured a sense of immersion without choice in the family story emanating from extreme loss and grief and a deep awareness of the communal nature of Jewish history. The second theme encompassed a compulsion and desire to leave a meaningful legacy of their parents’ experiences for future generations. These themes were linked to themes capturing the experience of engaging with their parents’ traumatic stories and describing intense ambivalence. One theme reflected a reluctance to gather information detailing the parents’ trauma. Yet, the other theme emphasised positive outcomes derived from knowledge, including appreciation of their parents’ resilience and opportunities to bear witness to and support their ageing parents. Overall, the data reveal the close links between family histories and adjustment to a traumatic past.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-10
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010020
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 21: Outlining the Victims of the Holocaust and
the Argentinian Dictatorship: Jerzy Skąpski’s Każdy
Dzień Oświęcimia and Rodolfo Aguerreberry, Julio Flores,
and Guillermo Kexel’s “El Siluetazo”
Authors: Jessica Paola Marino
First page: 21
Abstract: In this article, I examine two case studies of spatial representation of atrocity and trauma: Jerzy Skąpski’s poster Każdy Dzień Oświęcimia (Every Day at Auschwitz) (1974), published in the October 1978 edition of The Unesco Courier, and the aesthetic/activist action known as “El Siluetazo” (1983), which was created by Rodolfo Aguerreberry, Julio Flores, and Guillermo Kexel, and carried out as a memory-activist intervention by the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo and the Argentinian public on 21–22 September 1983. To examine the interconnections of Holocaust memory within these two case studies, I follow Michael Rothberg’s notion of multidirectional memory and Astrid Erll’s conceptualization of transcultural and travelling memory. In particular, I analyze how Skąpski’s use of silhouettes to spatially depict the victims of Auschwitz is adopted and transformed by the Argentinian artists and public to denounce the disappearance of 30,000 of their compatriots. I argue that in outlining the figures of the victims of the Holocaust and the Argentinian dictatorship, respectively, these creative works exemplify the transcultural use of silhouettes originating in Holocaust memory and the multidirectional influence, derived from their organic connection, of spatial visualizations of absent bodies as they commemorate and make present the victims of these traumatic histories.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-15
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010021
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 22: “There’s Something There in That
Hyphen”: The Lived Experiences of Asian and Asian American Higher
Education Students in the Southwest Borderlands of the United States
Authors: Chadrhyn A. A. Pedraza
First page: 22
Abstract: For centuries, Asians living in the U.S. have had to negotiate between the narratives that dominant society has imposed upon them and their understanding of what it means to be Asian and Asian American. When combined with the hierarchies of racial categories, the narratives underlying monoracialism are inherently limiting, obscuring their nuanced experiences, and stripping them of their ability to express the personal constructions of their identity The purpose of this qualitative case study was to elevate the voices of Asians and Asian Americans, their process of “inventing” their identity, and how their conceptualizations begin to deconstruct and challenge monoracialism. I argue that Asians and Asian Americans engage in a process where the interpretation and revision of meaning that emerges during interactions with others can illuminate the role of master narratives and how they negotiate between these structural factors and their ideas of what it means to be Asian or Asian American. The findings suggest a negotiation between master narratives at the macro-, meso-, and micro-societal levels that help them understand what it means to be Asian and Asian American.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-16
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010022
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
- Genealogy, Vol. 7, Pages 23: Drancy–La Muette: Concentrationary
Urbanism and Psychogeographical Memory in Alexandre Lacroix’s La
Muette (2017)
Authors: Diane Minami Otosaka
First page: 23
Abstract: That the Drancy transit and internment camp—the main camp from which Jews were deported from France—is currently inhabited, having reverted to its pre-war name ‘La Muette’ and initial function as a housing estate at the end of the 1940s, remains little-known. As a result of this multi-layered history, the site is deeply ambivalent, being both haunted and inhabited. Through a theoretical framework informed by psychogeography, this article brings to light the concentrationary presence that is layered onto the space of everyday life at the site of Drancy–La Muette and investigates the possibility of resisting the resulting spatial politics of dehumanisation. Through a close reading of Alexandre Lacroix’s novel La Muette (2017) and its spatial poetics, this article argues that it is by elaborating new ways of seeing, whereby the interpenetration of past and present, the visible and the invisible, comes to the fore, that the traumatic space of Drancy–La Muette may open up. This, in turn, allows for the circulation of affective resonances between the built environment and the individual, which resist the concentrationary logic.
Citation: Genealogy
PubDate: 2023-03-20
DOI: 10.3390/genealogy7010023
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 1 (2023)
