Authors:Aryanis Mutia Zahra, Tadashi Chosa, Seishu Tojo Pages: 41 - 49 Abstract: Blueberries' quality does not change uniformly during ripeness. Blueberries should be harvested fully ripened at the post-climacteric stage with an excellent indicator including consistent color, taste, and ease of removal from plant as excellent indicators. Therefore, the blueberries are not harvested until it has the desired blue color. The reliance on human perception on the fruit's taste and appearance might cause inconsistency and inaccurate judgment of the fruit maturation. This study aimed to develop an image processing algorithm capable of classifying blueberry maturity stages. The Bluecrop Northern highbush blueberry was harvested at five different stages of maturity based on visual grading of the fruit color (green, green-red, red, red-blue, and blue) from various fruit positions on the tree. Image processing with discriminant analysis accurately classified maturity stages at 98.3% accuracy. The image quality attributes of blueberries changed significantly at different maturity stages. Overall, most image quality attributes correlated strongly with well-performed blueberry physicochemical properties. This study showed that image processing during the blueberry maturation process could be a reliable and comprehensible method for estimating changes in color, shape, weight, and ultimately changes in specific physicochemical properties. This study also provided a practical evaluation of the maturity stages and physicochemical properties, which were predicted using image processing. PubDate: 2022-04-14 DOI: 10.22146/ifnp.63897 Issue No:Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Rizki Bhakti Pertiwi, Umar Hafidz Asy'ari Hasbullah, Arief Rakhman Affandi Pages: 50 - 59 Abstract: Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) has a red color and contains anthocyanins. Anthocyanins have low stability due to the effect of heating. Copigmentation can be applied to improve the stability of anthocyanins. This research aims to study the effect of the anthocyanin extract from parijoto fruit ratio and copigment on anthocyanin concentration and color stability during heating at different temperatures and durations. Anthocyanin copigmentation using tannic acid in a ratio of 1:20 and 1:40 with control without copigmentation (1:0) showed that increasing the tannic acid copigment would increase anthocyanin concentrations and reduce anthocyanin losses due to increased temperature and heating time. The use of 1:40 tannic acid copigment increased anthocyanin concentration by 38%. In addition, increasing the concentration of tannic acid increased the ability of anthocyanins to maintain color retention during heating and increased temperatures. The use of tannic acid at a ratio of 1:40 only decreased color retention by 16%, compared to control (54%) after heating at 75ºC heating for 120 minutes. Copigmentation with tannic acid up to a ratio of 1:40 was able to maintain the stability of the lightness (L*), the reddish value (a*), and the yellowish value (b*) of the anthocyanins. This study showed that this system is potential for food coloring application in the food industry. PubDate: 2022-04-14 DOI: 10.22146/ifnp.65771 Issue No:Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Brigitta Laksmi Paramita, Latif Sahubawa, Susana Endah Ratnawati Pages: 60 - 66 Abstract: Fishbone is one of industrial waste that can be used as a calcium source. This study aims to find out the use of catfish bone flour as a calcium source in dried noodles, its effects on physicochemical and sensory evaluation of dried noodles, and the contribution of calcium-enriched dried noodles to the Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of calcium. The physicochemical properties (moisture, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphor, water absorption, cooking loss, and extensibility) and sensory evaluation of dried noodles enriched with catfish bone flour in several variations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were investigated. Catfish bone flour significantly increased protein, fat, calcium, and phosphor content yet significantly decreased the moisture content, cooking loss, extensibility, and consumer acceptance (appearance and taste) of dried noodles. Dried noodles enriched with catfish bone flour had a calcium-phosphor ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. Dried noodles with the catfish bone flour level of 2% seemed to be the most efficient formulation with the Indonesian RDA contribution of 45.8% in serving size of 70g. PubDate: 2022-04-14 DOI: 10.22146/ifnp.68032 Issue No:Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Stanley Udogadi Nwawuba, Nwozo Sarah Onyenibe Pages: 67 - 72 Abstract: Plantains are conventionally consumed either after boiling, steaming, roasting or frying which are there major cooking methods employed in the utilization in Nigeria. Method of preparation and cooking could either reduce or improve the nutrient quality of foods. Thus the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of cooking methods on the nutritional content of ripe and unripe plantain. Ripe and unripe plantain was obtained and divided into four (4) portions; raw which served as the control, boiled, fried and roasted. Analysis of the proximate, vitamin and mineral content of the samples were carried out using standard methods and our result revealed that boiling as a cooking method significantly retained the levels of minerals, vitamins and proximate composition of ripe and unripe plantain relative to frying and roasting. In conclusion we recommend that boiling should be predominately employed during cooking of neither ripe nor unripe plantain. PubDate: 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.22146/ifnp.61906 Issue No:Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Andika Wicaksono Putro, Fahmi Maulana Zulkarnaen, Aryudiana Sari, Sri Anggrahini, Widiastuti Setyaningsih Pages: 73 - 79 Abstract: Ultrasound-assisted cold brew (UACB) method emerged as a solution of a long brew traditional cold brew method in coffee. Apart from the particular taste and odor, cold brew coffee contains a number of phenolic (TPC), flavonoid compounds (TFC), and caffeine. The level of these compounds in the drinks is strongly influenced by various factors related to extraction process, such as extraction temperature (x1: 4 and 25 °C), time (x2: 5,15, and 25 min), UAE duty cycle (x3: 20, 50, and 80 s-1), and grind size (x4: coarse and medium). Based on the TPC, TFC, and caffeine contents, the optimum condition was at 25 °C for 25 min with 80 s-1 UAE duty cycle and medium coffee grind size: with 2.40 ± 0.11 mg GAE/mL, 1.69 ± 0.05 mg RE/mL, and 1.10 ± 0.02 mg caffeine/mL, respectively. Compared with the traditional cold brew method, only the TPC and caffeine content were significantly lower than the UACB method (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the TPC and TFC were stable in 7-day refrigerator storage (p > 0.05). The IC50 values of UACB coffee were 7,487 mg/L for DPPH assay and 64,113 mg/L for ABTS assay. PubDate: 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.22146/ifnp.65741 Issue No:Vol. 18, No. 2 (2022)
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