Authors:Rasha A.K. Elsisy, Marwa M Mona, Sanad S Elkholy Pages: 25 - 32 Abstract: Rasha A.K. Elsisy, Marwa M Mona, Sanad S Elkholy Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):25-32 Background The ketogenic diet (KD) is effective to fight obesity and has therapeutic effects on various body systems.Aim/objectives This study aimed to evaluate the role of KD in improving immune response against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression in rats.Methods Young adult albino rats (21 male) were divided into three groups: G1 (Cnt), normal control fed on a basal diet; G2 (CTX), injected with CTX and fed on a basal diet; and G3 (Keto), injected with CTX and fed on a ketogenic diet for 4 weeks.Results This study revealed that treatment with CTX decreased serum levels of total protein, albumin, globulin. Administration of CTX also resulted in a significant decrease in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the spleen. Histopathological examination revealed that CTX caused lymphocyte depletion in the spleen and thymus. Molecularly, CTX significantly downregulated the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), while it upregulated interleukin 1 beta (IL1b) in the spleen. Co-administration of the ketogenic diet was able to normalize the antioxidant status and most of the biochemical and immunological parameters.Conclusion With these findings, we could conclude that feeding on ketogenic diet could improve the immunity. Citation: Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):25-32 PubDate: Fri,18 Feb 2022 DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_15_21 Issue No:Vol. 7, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Rasha I. Abd Elrazek Gawish, Ahmed Abd E.A. Hatab, Montaser M Zeid Pages: 33 - 42 Abstract: Rasha I. Abd Elrazek Gawish, Ahmed Abd E.A. Hatab, Montaser M Zeid Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):33-42 Background Vitamin D metabolism might be influenced by impaired allograft function and by persistently elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 levels as well. Hyperparathyroidism is a frequent and sometimes severe complication following renal transplantation.Purpose The primary objective was to measure the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in renal transplant recipients in a single center (Almowasah Hospital). The secondary objective was to determine predictors of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels using patient characteristics to identify patients at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency.Patients and methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 55 renal transplant recipients for whom 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured. Intact PTH was measured as well and compared with pretransplant values.Results The majority of the patients, representing ∼81.8%, were vitamin D deficient, whereas 14.5% had insufficient serum vitamin D level. A minority of the patients (3.6%) showed sufficient vitamin D level. The mean vitamin D level was 15.13±7.03 ng/ml. Approximately 38.2% of the patients showed evidence of persistent hyperparathyroidism. The median PTH level was higher in the pretransplant period, with a value of 308.0 pg/ml, compared with the posttransplant period (121.0 pg/ml). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Serum PTH level showed a reduction in its level by ∼55.79% after transplantation.Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in renal transplant recipients. It is also more prevalent in early than late transplant recipients, and there is a statistically significant inverse correlation between vitamin D and PTH. Citation: Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):33-42 PubDate: Fri,18 Feb 2022 DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_18_21 Issue No:Vol. 7, No. 2 (2022)
Authors:Reem Fathalla, Nagwa Lachine, Mohamed Badbess, Mona Tahoun, Mohamed Zeitoun Pages: 43 - 50 Abstract: Reem Fathalla, Nagwa Lachine, Mohamed Badbess, Mona Tahoun, Mohamed Zeitoun Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):43-50 Background Neck circumference (NC) is an easy and reliable anthropometric measurement. The use of NC as an indicator of obesity among Egyptians was previously established. However, the relationship between NC and different cardiometabolic risk (CMR) parameters was not previously studied in the Egyptian population.Objective The aim of this work was to study the relationship between NC and some CMR parameters in obese adult Egyptian individuals.Participants and methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 apparently healthy obese adult Egyptian participants (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), above the age of 18 years, 50% of them were males and the other 50% were females. NC and other traditional anthropometric measurements were evaluated. Blood samples were assayed for glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.Results There were significant positive correlations between NC and each of systolic and diastolic blood pressure [(r=0.527, P<0.001), (r=0.430, P<0.001), respectively], waist circumference (r=0.538, P<0.001), BMI (r=0.403, P<0.001), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r=0.304, P=0.002). While a significant negative correlation was found between NC and HDL-C. Multivariate regression analysis revealed an independent association of NC with waist circumference in males and with systolic blood pressure in females.Conclusion This study does not only confirm the association of NC with anthropometric measurements in the Egyptian population, but it also establishes the NC association with CMR factors that support the possibility of using NC as a CMR marker among Egyptians. Citation: Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology 2021 7(2):43-50 PubDate: Fri,18 Feb 2022 DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_21_21 Issue No:Vol. 7, No. 2 (2022)
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