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Authors:Kyaw Zin Latt; Yelda Turkmenoglu, Alper Kacar, Ahmet Irdem, Hasan Dursun Abstract: The relationship between urinary stone disease and nutrition in infants is not well known. This study investigates the relationship between breast milk, formula and supplementary foods, vitamin D usage, and family stone history with urinary system stones in children aged 3-24 months. The study included 100 infants aged 3-24 months of age with urinary tract stones and 40 healthy infants with similar age and gender as the control group. Sixty of the patients were boys, and 40 were girls; the control group consisted of 26 boys and 16 girls. There was no significant difference in only breastfeeding, breastfeeding plus formula, and formula feeding in the patients and controls. Positive family history of urolithiasis was significantly higher in the patients compared to the controls (p=0.04). While breastfeeding duration time was negatively correlated with spot urine calcium to creatinine ratio in children exclusively breastfed infants. No direct effect of nutrition type and vitamin D usage on stone formation was found in infants. It has been shown that stone formation in this age group is associated with a family history of stones. In this study, the duration of breastfeeding is negatively correlated with the spot urinary calcium to creatinine ratio. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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Authors:Monica Zikusooka; Hebatullah Tawfik, Joseph Robare Abstract: Objectives: Undernutrition is a global public health challenge, especially in countries that experience extreme climate conditions and armed conflict. In Somalia, undernutrition is chronic, often graded for emergency response. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence on immediate, proximate, and distal risk factors for undernutrition in the most affected region of Somalia. Setting: Data for the study was from cross-sectional nutritional surveys implemented by the Somalia Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit. Sampling for the surveys followed a multistage cluster sampling methodology where in the first stage, 30 clusters were randomly assigned to villages, and then 30 households were randomly selected from each cluster. Generalized Estimation Equations were used to determine risk factors for undernutrition. Data analysis followed survey analysis procedures. Participants: 60,856 children aged 6-59 months from cross-sectional nutritional surveys implemented in South-Central Somalia from 2007 to 2012. Results: When factors at the individual, household, and society level were considered simultaneously, diarrhea diseases and geographical region were the main risk factors for underweight, child gender, meal frequency, and livelihood zone were risk factors for stunting, while diarrhea and livelihood zone were the risk factors for wasting. Geographical region and livelihood system were significant factors for undernutrition. Conclusions: Interventions to address undernutrition in Somalia should be tailored to the region and livelihood zone while prioritizing innovative climate-smart food production and addressing childhood illnesses. The study findings provide evidence to inform nutrition policy and programs that could eliminate nutrition disparities and the burden of childhood undernutrition in Somalia and other countries with similar contexts. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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Authors:Ayalew Kassaw; Abebe Gebere Mariam, Alemi Kebede, Fassikaw Kebede Abstract: Vaccination is the epicenter of preventive care for good children's health outcomes in each nation. Nevertheless, a number of factors have been hindering the attainment of targets from providing complete vaccination in different nations. This study aims to assess predictors of immunizations in 12-23 months aged children in Abobo District, Gambela regions southwest Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed in 436 pairs of mothers to children aged 12–23 months from 12 marches---27 April 2019. The study participant was recruited by multistage-sampling were used for each kebele. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 after cleaning and coded, exported to STATA/SE-14/R logistic regression analysis. Variables with P-value <0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were transported into multivariable logistic regression. A variable with 95%CI in AOR was used as claim predictors for the dropout rate. Results: The overall dropout rate of immunization from completion was found 25.8% (95%CI: 21.5--30.2). Factors like mothers did not attend ANC (AOR= 4.59, 95% CI: 2.58, 7.84), being home delivery (AOR=6.46, 95% CI: (3.5--- 11.4), postponed last immunization scheduled (AOR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.98---5.97), children ill during measles vaccine (AOR=1.83, 95% CI: (1.02---3.28), Mothers refused ≥30 minutes for vaccine service waiting (AOR=3.58, 95% CI: (1.99, 6.44) were significantly associated with immunization dropout out. Conclusion: The immunization dropout rate was unacceptable and higher compared to WHO reference (<10%). Home delivery postponed measles vaccine, child illness, ANC status Service refusal ≥30 minutes waiting for the vaccine were independently associated with dropout. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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Authors:Maliheh Barzegari; Pourya Fathollahi, Fatemeh Afsharpour, Elaheh Foroumandi Abstract: Objectives: The community-based Child Health Integrated Program (CHIP) was established to improve children’s health status in Iran. The current study was performed to understand how this program was implemented and experienced by the care providers and target group. Methods: A total number of 249 mothers who had children under 5 years (clients) and 70 caregivers (providers) were selected from 42 health care centers of Tabriz city to participate in the study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using two separated semi-structured interviews as well as self-developed questionnaires. The mixed-method process evaluation study was examined and reported the exposure and satisfaction status of the clients, and reach, delivery, fidelity rates, and contextual factors toward the CHIP. Results: Overall, low reach (11.2%), moderate-exposure (62.6%), and high satisfaction (80.1%) rates of the clients were reported to the program. The fidelity rate of the program tools was 42.9%, considered as an inadequate rate. Anthropometric measurement and vaccination of the children, as well as face-to-face training sessions for the mothers, were well delivered. However, some parts of the program including follow-up and group training sessions were delivered poorly. Conclusions: This process evaluation study demonstrated that the CHIP is a promising intervention for improving children's health care. However, the barriers identified in this study warrant consideration in subsequent health care needs among children. Further research is required to identify ways to improve the implementation and delivery of this intervention. Practice Implications: There is a dire need to enter some audit and feedback strategies in the form of monthly tracking of process indicators to extent of implementation of intervention components. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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Authors:Suleyiman Hassen Ali; Eskinder Wolka, Misgan Legesse Liben Abstract: Introduction: Globally, iron deficiency is estimated to be responsible for half of all anemia cases. The reduction of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women relies largely on their adherence to IFA supplementation. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with adherence to IFA supplementation among women attending antenatal checkups at health centers in Borena district, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 348 pregnant women. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Variables with a p-value of ≤0.2 in the univariable logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported, and variables with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: A total of 340 pregnant women were enrolled. The study revealed that 45.6% (95% CI: 40.27, 50.92%) of women adhered to the IFA supplement use. Women of husbands with primary education [AOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.07, 3.57] and who had taken IFA for two months [AOR: 2.81; 95% CI: 1.37, 5.79] were positively associated with adherence to IFA supplementation. However, women with a previous history of abortion [AOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.53], who had disease other than anemia [AOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28-0.79] and lack of family support [AOR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.39] were less likely to adhere to the supplement. Conclusion: This study revealed that nearly nine in twenty women adhered to the IFA supplement. Therefore, strengthening nutritional counseling, health education, and information on iron-folic acid supplementation in a health institution is important to improve adherence. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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Authors:Fassikaw Kebede; Birhanu Kebede, Tsehay Kebede Abstract: Despite efforts to decrease the burden, vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide and deterring efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 after the approval of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This study aims to assess levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and predictors of hesitancy for pregnant women attending antenatal care in Ethiopia. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was employed among 336 pregnant women from April 7 to June 10, 2021. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select pregnant from three health centers. Epi-Data version 3.2 and STATA/14 software were used for both data entry and analysis, respectively. A Logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitance. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the strength of association at P<0.05. Result: This study included 336 pregnant mothers who were booked ANC in three health centers. The overall levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant mothers were 79.17 %(95%CI: 74.5 --83.2). Whereas, having poor attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines (AOR=9.4; 95%CI: 3.7--21.1, P<0.001), monthly income ≤118.5 US dollar (AOR =6.3; 95%CI: 2.9--12.2, P<0.002), Mother who are illiterate and started ANC (AOR=9.5; 95%CI: 4.6--22.6, P<0.001), Being unplanned pregnant (AOR =7.5; 95%CI: 3.6-11.2, P<0.002), first time ANC initiated (AOR =4.2; 95%CI: 2.9--15.1, P<0.001), and pregnant didn’t used social media (AOR= 6.0: 95%CI: 2.5--14.6, P< 0.02) were significantly associated with COVID-19 Vaccine hesitance. Conclusion: The acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant mothers was insufficient compared with previous research. Health care workers should provide health education during ANC visits to change their negative attitude and reassurance for the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. PubDate: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +000
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