Authors:Khursheed Jahan, Maksuda Parvin, Abdullah Ibn Mafiz Pages: 7 - 14 Abstract: Background: Nutritional status in relation to selected biochemical parameters and also nutrient intakes in the pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was assessed in 52 patients and compared with that of 52 normal pregnant (NP) women. Serum calcium, ascorbic acid and blood Hb levels in the pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients were significantly lower than the values of NP women. By unpaired t-test demonstrated in our study, the serum calcium, ascorbic acid and blood Haemoglobin (Hb) level were highly significantly different but not correlated with each other when compared among these groups. However, total statistical analysis revealed that among all the factors studied serum calcium level, ascorbic acid level and blood Hb level have effect on nutritional status of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14032 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.7-14 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:MS Islam, AAM Kurshed, TMA Azad, MAH Bhuyan Pages: 15 - 22 Abstract: To see the improvement in lifestyle, food intake and nutritional status of Beneficiary people of Shiree Project under Dushtha Shasthya Kendra, a comparative cross sectional study was done in Kamrangirchar slum among extreme poor people of Dhaka city and compared with non–beneficiary households. Beneficiary households of MDG-1 under Shiree Project got household economic intervention packages. In this stuy it is found that mean monthly income of the family was 6175.65 Tk in beneficiary group and 4288.14 Tk in non-beneficiary group. The mean monthly expenditure on food items of family was 3787.83 Tk in beneficiary group and 2796.61 Tk in non-beneficiary group. About 34 percent beneficiary households and 75 percent of all non-beneficiary households were poor having household’s monthly income less than 3000 taka. Some 15.7 percent beneficiary households had five amenities out of selected six and only 1.7 percent non-beneficiary households had five amenities. So, socio-economic condition of beneficiary extreme poor people has improved. Consumption of food items was significantly more in beneficiary households than non-beneficiary ones. Some 74 percent beneficiary households consumed four or more food items daily and 26 percent non-beneficiary households consumed four or more food items daily. On average 3.37 food items were consumed by beneficiary households and 2.49 food items by non-beneficiary households daily. More than 60% of the beneficiary people ate full stomach meals and less than 25 % of non-beneficiary people could afford to eat the same. So, beneficiary people were more food secure and more food diversified than non-beneficiary people. Nutritional status of the children by MUAC, Weight for Age Z-score, and Height for Age Z-score showed no significant difference between beneficiary and non-beneficiary group. Prevalence rate of underweight (Weight for Age Z-score) was 60.5% in beneficiary children and 65.9% in non-beneficiary children. Significant difference (P=0.044) was found by Weight for Height Z-score in both beneficiary and non-beneficiary group. The difference of mothers’ nutritional status by BMI between beneficiary group and non-beneficiary group was not statistically significant, though percentage of CED was lower and overweight was higher in beneficiary mothers than non-beneficiary ones. Though socio-economic status, food security and food intake were better in beneficiary people than non-beneficiary ones, the outcome of these factors were not significant in clinical and anthropometric status. Beneficiary households were on the way to meet first target of MGD-1 which is related to poverty reduction. But they were far away from reaching the second target and halving prevalence of underweight as described in MDG-1. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14033 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.15-22 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Kazi Muhammad Rezaul Karim, Md Khurshidul Zahid Pages: 23 - 30 Abstract: The study was conducted among Intervida beneficiaries (Students) on October 2010. Total number of students was 46. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional status and dietary intake of the orphan children. All of the children were abandoned and got admitted to the ICH within one year of age. Among them 89.1% were Muslim, 2.2% were Christian and 8.7% were Hindu. 8.70 % students got enrolled in special education as they were either physically or mentally disabled. The mean±Sd of age, height and weight were 104.65±16.51 months, 126.37±6.98cm and 26.87±6.98kg respectively. While BMI was considered, it was found that 60.87% (28) students were normal, 21.74% (10) student were overweight, 6.5% (3) students were and 10.87% (5) students were underweight. Considering HAZ (Height for age Z-score), 89.1% (41) were normal, 8.7% (4) Stunted and 2.2% (1) tall. While WAZ (Weight for age Z-score) was considered, 84.8% (39) were normal, 2.2% (1) was overweight and 13% (6) were underweight. On the other hand, when, WHZ(Weight for Height Z-score) was used, it was found that 83.8% (31) students were normal, 8.1% (3) student were overweight , 5.4% (2) students were obese and 2.7% (1) student was Wasted. The mean calorie, protein, carbohydrate and fat intake were 2270 kcal, 65 gram, 335 gram and 73 gram respectively. Carbohydrate, protein and fat provided 59%, 12% and 29% of total calorie respectively. Average intake of calcium, iron, vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin C and zinc intake was 826 mg, 31 mg, 6462 IU, 10508 'g, 1.60 mg , 1.64 mg, 19 mg , 111 mg and 10.2 mg respectively. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14034 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.23-30 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Sanjoy Saha, Md Khurshidul Zahid, Sabrina Rasheed Pages: 31 - 48 Abstract: The study find-out the level of knowledge, attitude and practices and effects of school environment on the nutritional status of children (7-12 yrs) coming from affluent society in Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Majority (68.31%) of the students have basic Nutritional Knowledge but only 70.20 % students have correct basic Nutritional Knowledge. Each school gives basic nutrition education to their students along with the general courses, so that the students as well as their parents adopt healthy eating practices. All schools have classroom teaching programme related to Food and Nutrition. On average students spend 4.8 hours per day at school. Though all schools have indoor sports facilities but students are mostly involved in sedentary activities. Majority (86.5%) of the students participates in indoor sports & extracurricular activities at school as well as almost half (47.91%) of the students take part in outdoor sports. One fifth (18.75%) of students spend more than one hour in extracurricular activities. From this study it is found that there is a significant negative relationship between duration of physical activity (sports and extracurricular activities) at school and over-nutrition (obesity & overweight). In case of students’ parents, most (59.37%) of the fathers are businessman and most (67.7%) of the mothers are housewife. About 59 % of students get their pocket money from their mother. About two-third (65.6%) of students take foods from the shops for their school meal and only one third (34.4%) of the students bring foods from home for their school meals. Students spend on an average 24 taka at school to buy foods. Each school have indoor food facilities. Most foods available in the shops inside the schools are fast foods which are mainly rich in calories. Most (72.9%) students consume fast foods and fried foods in school hours. They mostly prefer fast foods and soft drinks who buy foods at school. Intake of fruits, milk and milk product is low. If he or she get extra pocket money then they prefers to buy firstly ice-cream and then chocolate, soft drinks and fruit juices which are mainly energy rich foods. Most (78.1%) students consume fast foods while they are at school but while they are away from school they preferred to take dairy products (96.7%) as well as fruits and vegetables (93.7%). Most of the students (92.70%) take fast foods 1-3 times per week while three fourth of the students (75%) students drink soft drinks 1-3 times per week. Majority of students prefer to have fast foods (68.75%) and soft drinks (58.33%) at afternoon. There is no significant relationship between fast food intake at school and overweight development. High percentage of overweight among the studied subjects possibly due to total intake both at home and outside. From the study we can say that if both the students and parents are given sufficient nutritional knowledge then there is a fair chance to develop a healthy environment in each school which will lead them to choose and eat healthy foods to make their diet balanced. We need immediate measures to control malnutrition problems of children coming from affluent societies in Dhaka city. If proper steps are taken quickly then we can hope a healthy nation with healthy children. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14035 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.31-48 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:KMM Rahman, MS Islam Pages: 49 - 64 Abstract: This study was aimed at estimating the impacts of changing land use patterns on food security for the farm households in Bangladesh. It was based on primary data collected from 730 households of different farm categories with direct interview method, which covered 14 existing most important land use patterns. The study revealed that households of alternate shrimp (bagda) and rice farming consumed the highest amounts of food followed by year round shrimp (bagda) farming whereas the highest per capita calorie intake was observed in households of alternate rice and wheat production. But households of year round shrimp (bagda) farming generated the highest amount of income followed by households of alternate shrimp (bagda) and rice farming, year round banana production and year round floriculture, respectively. But there were no systematic and regular patterns of relationships among income, food, protein and calorie intakes in different land use patterns. Large households consumed the highest amount of food and protein followed by medium, small and marginal households, respectively. All the land use patterns were found to increase major food security indicators and reduced poverty. All the 14 land use patterns should be made sustainable to the farmers by properly addressing environmental factors and by easing access of farmers to inputs and outputs markets by the government. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14036 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.49-64 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Ayesha Begum, Sonia Zebsyn, Md Aminul Haque Bhuyan Pages: 65 - 76 Abstract: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out amongst eighty graduate mothers having U-5 years children from different socio-economic groups of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city. They were interviewed on nutrition related programs thorough television. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of advertisements and understandability of nutrition education programs through different TV channels among the respondents and also the impact of these programs on maternal and child nutrition (MCN). Results of the study showed that the programs of mass media like TV on nutritional aspects influence the nutritional awareness of the respondents. Most of the graduate mothers practiced extra diet as special food taken during pregnancy and lactation period of which television was the major source of knowledge compared to radio, newspaper, doctor and family members. Again 52.5% respondents were normal along with 33.8% respondents were overweight and rests of 13.7% mothers were obese. Furthermore, 82% U5C’s nutritional status were normal whereas only 3% were found in border line according to MUAC. Few U-5 children were found overweight by WAZ. So adult and child overweight are increasing day by day in urban areas which need great attention to prevent chronic diseases. From this study, it was revealed that no relationship exist between family income and nutritional status of the respondents and also between the educational level and nutritional status of them (P value > 0.05). It may be concluded from the study that the exposure to nutrition related programs through different television channels had a role to improve the nutritional status. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14037 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.65-76 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Sanjoy Saha, Md Khurshidul Zahid, Sabrina Rasheed Pages: 77 - 82 Abstract: The study find-out the obesity and overweight problems in children (7-12 yrs) coming from affluent families in Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Mean height and weight were 142.61±10.43cm and 40.50±11.95kg respectively. One fourth (25%) of the students were found to be obese and 21.88% were overweight according to their BMI percentile. Among boys 31.43% were obese and for the girls it was 7.69%. Among boys 18.57% are overweight and for the girls it was 30.76%. Male students were both obese and overweight than the female. Most (63.64%) of the male obese students were in the age group of 7.92-9.17 yrs and 10.5-11.67 yrs whereas most (62.5%), n=5 0f 8) of the female obese students were in the age group of 7.92-10.42yrs. Based on WAZ, 12.5% of the students were found to be obese and 10.41% were overweight. Among boys 28.34% are obese and for the girls it was 6.82%. Among boys 25.71% are overweight and for the girls it was 35.23%. Male students are more obese than the female. Based on HAZ One sixth (5.20%) of the students were found to be obese and 17.70% were overweight. Among boys 28.34% are obese and for the girls it was 6.82%. Among boys 25.71% are overweight and for the girls it was 35.23%. Based on WHZ one sixth (4.23%) of the students were found to be obese and 8.51% were overweight. Among boys 28.34% are obese and for the girls it was 6.82%. Among boys 25.71% are overweight and for the girls it was 35.23%. Male students are more obese than the female. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14038 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.77-82 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Farzana Haque, Meghnad Bhowmick Pages: 83 - 92 Abstract: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among the under-five children admitted to the longer stay wards (LSU) of the hospital of ICDDR,B to investigate the relationship between children’s nutritional status and clinical recovery as well as sock, economic condition. Nutritional status was determined by anthropometric measurements. The study conducted on 94 children of 6-59 months, of whom 49 were malnourished and 49 were well nourished 64 of them were male and 35 were female. (It means that boy’s are more sufferers in diarrhea than girls.) (Children’s age come within a range of 6-59) month. Mother’s education level was lower, 32.6% mothers were illiterate and 40% mothers of malnourished children were illiterate where, 25% mothers having well nourished child were illiterate. Most of the malnourished children’s Family income was below TK. 5,000 per month for majority of the parents whereas, most of the well nourished children’s family income was 8,000tk. It shows that, children having low family income are more likely malnourished than well nourished children. Family member was within 4 persons for majority of the well nourished children’s households’. On the other hand family member was more than 5 in out of the malnourished households. Within their limited income; it was difficult to maintain a medium size family properly. Our study reveals that knowledge, attitude and practices of dietary pattern, health, sanitation and immunization of the malnourished children’s family were lower than well-nourished children’s family. Their nutritional knowledge was too low, compared with well nourished children’s parents. In our study, Most of the parents of well-nourished children used to feed colostrums (80.6%) but Parents having malnourished children discarded colostrums (93.6%). Our study reveals that 64.4% malnourished children’s mother has started complementary food in <2 months of age ,on the other hand majority of well-nourished children’s mother gave their child complementary food at the age of 6-9 months. It has been seen that, the majority of well nourished children (62%) were immunized by taking all doses of vaccines. where as most of the malnourished children (49%) has not taken all doses as a result there immunity was lesser than well-nourished children. Most of the caregivers of well-nourished children (43.5%) knows that diarrhea causes by not giving immunization, on the other hand majority of caregiver of malnourished patients (31.9%) knows that main cause of diarrhea is infection by germs. The immunization status of well nourished children was quite satisfactory. 62% well nourished children and only 40% Mal nourished children was completely immunized. It has been seen that, ORS intake was higher in well-nourished children (172.2lml-on the 1st day of hospitalization, compare to malnourished children. Stool output was higher in malnourished children 235.48 ml-on the 1st day after admission. It shows that there is a co-relation between ORS intake, stool output and recovery period. It has been seen that, mean duration of diarrhea before hospitalization was lower in well-nourished children group, but duration of fever, vomiting and abdominal pain rate was higher in this group compared to malnourished group. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14039 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.83-92 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:MA Hossain, Dr Naimunnahar, MAH Bhuyan Pages: 93 - 106 Abstract: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Muradnagar Upazila, Comilla district to see the effectiveness of NNP-ABCN (Area Based Community Nutrition) interventions on reducing under-two child malnutrition (0-23 months) and establish whether there is any significant difference from the non-operational area. A total of 240 households, of which 120 were from the NNP project area with children aged between 0-23 months were randomly selected. In households with more than one child at this age category, the last child was selected. Indices of nutritional status that is weight-for-age, length-for-age and weight-for-length were computed for the measurement of nutritional status. Analysis of nutritional status data show that the prevalence of underweight (<-2SD) in the project area (35.8%) was slightly lower than the non-project area (39.2%) with severe underweight being 5.0% vs. 7.5% respectively. Within the project sample, 32.5% children were stunted (<-2SD) with 11.7% being severely stunted while in non-project area these figures were 33.3% and 7.5% respectively. On the other hand, 17.5% children were wasted (<-2SD) with 2.5% being severely wasted in project area while in non-project area these figures were 19.2% & 1.7% respectively. No significant differences in the prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight (<-2SD) between the project area and non-project area (WAZ, p=0.078; LAZ, p=0.214 & WLZ, p=0.421) were found. The study area and sample size aren’t large enough to draw any conclusion still this is an indication that NNP-ABCN interventions may not be effective in reducing under two child malnutrition in study area. Even though NNP has been involved in providing ABCN interventions in the project area, there is still need for more targeted and income oriented nutrition interventions in the project area. Large scale operational research is thus suggested to adopt those findings for the whole NNP areas. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14040 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.93-106 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
Authors:Abdullah Ibn Mafiz, Illa Ismail, MAH Bhuyan Pages: 107 - 120 Abstract: A cross sectional study was carried out to investigate the effects of socio-economic, demographic and internet exposure factors on school performance among 10 grade students of Nilkhet High School. All of the eighty seven students were selected for this study. In this study school performance was measured by class roll number. The lower the class roll number the better the school performance. During Chi-square test grade (A+, A, A-, B, C, D) achieved in the class 9 final examination was taken as dependent variable. An upper grade indicates better school performance than lower grade. Class roll number were highly negatively correlated with the factors-actual income of the family, actual monthly tuition cost, number of rooms in the house, number of earning persons in the family, and this correlation was significant (p<0.01) at 1% level of significance. Chi-square test was used to check for association between the category of these factors and the school performance measured by grade. Chi-square test also found highly significant. In Chi-square test some of the other factors namely highest education of mothers (p<0.05), highest education of fathers (p<0.05), occupation of fathers (p<0.01), and occupation of mothers (p<0.05) were significant. Maximum 80.7% change in school performance was found when we studied the aggregate effects of fourteen factors. The school performance measured by grade of the students was significantly related with the work on internet and number of friends in Facebook because the Chi-square test shows the P-value<0.01. Maximum 43.5 % changes occurred in school performance when number of friends in Facebook was significant at 1% level of significance and both work on internet and Facebook account were significant at 10% level of significance. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14041 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.107-120 PubDate: 2013-03-03 Issue No:Vol. 24 (2013)
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