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Abstract: Welcome to the second issue of The Journal of Burma Studies for 2021. This issue promises a tour de force of ethnic histories, spirit worship, histories of Burma studies, and finally large-vehicle transport.In his article, "Ethnocentrism or National Reconciliation: Rethinking Ethnic Relations and the History of Karenni," Tadayuki Kubo takes us through the fractals of ethnic complexity in what is now the Kayah State, but also incorporating the history of the Karenni ethnonationalist movement, the competing scripts and literacies in the diverse areas, and the changing claims for cultural right and sovereignty. Despite the ethnic movement's claim of inclusivity, other groups within the Karenni movement, namely, the ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In February 2019, several thousand civilians in Kayah State protested the building of a statue of General Aung San, who is a historical hero for the Burmans but not for the majority of people in Kayah State. This resistance movement was poised against the imposition of Burmancentric history, which has been taught for many years. The counternarrative to this history is still alive in Kayah State; this narrative has been connected to the Karenni independence movement since 1947. The purpose of this study is to clarify the construction of ethnic categories of Karenni by focusing on the creation of a Karenni script and ethnic relations within Karenni groups. This paper also considers national reconciliation by ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: When I first arrived in Myanmar in 2012, I had fairly well-developed expectations of the kinds of lived religious practices I would see.2 Fresh from completing a class in Religions of Southeast Asia, I had spent time reading the literature by Bénédicte Brac de la Perrière, Melford Spiro, and other scholars on the complex relationship between Buddhism and the nats (နတ်).3 What I found in Yangon largely conformed to these expectations. It was only when my fieldwork shifted from the urban space of Yangon to a village in the Bago region that I found these expectations fundamentally challenged. As I grew more familiar with the location, I found significant differences between what my participants told me and what I read ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Burma/Myanmar studies in the USSR/Russia has a century-long academic tradition, which is largely unknown to those who do not read Russian.1 However, despite their involuntary insularity, Soviet/Russian Burma Studies scholars are not "parochial" or "marginal" in any sense, because many Russian-speaking authors (even in the Soviet times) were well acquainted with international (English-language) scholarship and often accommodated findings of their Western and Burmese colleagues into their own research. Moreover, they often tried to provide a different perspective on Burma's culture, religion, history, politics, and economy, which was not necessarily compliant with Western (predominantly Englishlanguage) intellectual ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Some 40,000 to 50,000 Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) remain in the world today. The number has been shrinking: tallies from the 1990s placed the species-wide population size at around 60,000. Of the remaining Asian elephants, around two-thirds are in the wild, and onethird are in a state of domesticity or captivity (with both the wild and domestic groups' being genetically identical and interchangeable).1 African elephants, by contrast—not the focus of this article—are around ten times more numerous and exist almost entirely in the wild.2Of the domestic group of Asian elephants, the bestknown, or highest-visibility, are elephants in zoos, tourist parks, and religious parades. However, a substantial portion of ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The railways in Burma date back to 1877. Myanma Railways has undergone significant changes in recent years, coinciding with the election of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) government in 2015. Lines such as the Yangon–Mandalay line are being upgraded; new locomotives have been acquired from China and India; passenger coach and locomotive factories have been built in northern Burma; the China–Burma Railway may finally go ahead (initially from Muse to Mandalay); and Rail Bus Engines (RBEs) from Japan have replaced many of the traditional trains on the Circular Railway in Yangon. Myanma Railways' management is aware of the problems it faces in terms of cost and the need to be more competitive ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Cover:High fired earthenware plate, glazed; obverse is transfer printed in red and green over a cream background. The reverse side has maker's marks in red: "PEGU" above a large oval containing the image of a bell and the words "TRADE MARK", around the edge of which is written: "J & M P B & Co. Ld.". Below this is a cartouche containing "Rd. No. 129…" Alongside these surface printed marks is the imprinted outline of a bell with clapper containing a large "B". Dimensions D: 8", H: 1". Burma Art Collection, NIU. BC2020.04.02. Gift of Richard M. Cooler.The cover of this volume highlights the importance of elephants in the history of Burma. Often encountered in traditional Burmese artwork, elephants were also of ... Read More PubDate: 2021-10-22T00:00:00-05:00
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