 Subjects -> DISABILITY (Total: 103 journals)
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- Transition to Retirement for Older People with Intellectual
Disabilities—Staff Descriptions of the Process and Roles
Abstract: Our study examines how staff in housing and day activity centres describe the transition of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) to old-age retirement. The data comprise the staff’s written responses to open-ended questions included in an online questionnaire. The data were analysed using content analysis, followed by further analysis using the concept of the script. We identified two main scripts in which the staff outline the transition process. According to the person-centred script, the role of the person with ID in transition is an agent with initiative and the staff are seen as enablers and supporters. In the system-driven script, the role of the person with ID is a passive object adapting to changes, while the staff seems to implement routines. This study shows inequality among aging people with ID. Their opportunities to make decisions from retirement depends on which script is followed in their municipality’s disability services and service-provider organisation. Published on 2023-02-17 10:29:01
- Disability, Intersectionality, Child Welfare and Child Protection:
Research Representations
Abstract: Considerations of the disability community within child welfare generally and the child protection sector specifically are well-served using an intersectional analytical lens. We aimed to determine how intersectionality is listed in the child welfare literature in the context of disability and to describe how and to what extent researchers integrate, embed, and engage intersectionality in the conduct of their research. This critical literature review was informed by scoping review strategies, with qualitative thematic analysis to help us to produce descriptive patterns. It was unexpected that less than half of the articles engaged in the intersectionality of child welfare or child protection and disability, and in only 23.8 percent of the sample articles was this explicitly engaged. Our primary finding is that researchers use the term intersectionality but are not always rigorously engaging with the concept methodologically. We recommend the use of ‘strong intersectionality’ methodological techniques and deeper consideration of disability as a social identity in this research arena. Published on 2023-02-16 11:38:42
- Inclusion Opportunities of Work 4.0' Employment Realities of People
with Disabilities in Germany
Abstract: The normative and political call for an inclusive working world as the UNCRPD explicates is not consistent with the current employment realities of people with disabilities in Germany and in the Nordic countries such as Iceland, Norway or Sweden. Only a fraction is able to find employment on the labour market, while segregated systems are expanding at the same time. We reference the ‘Work 4.0’ discourse with a particular focus on substitutability potentials and automation processes in the course of digitalization. These developments go hand in hand with the pluralization of employment constellations as well as progressive expansion of education and devaluation of qualifications. This article takes a critical look at these processes of change in the working world with regard to their effects on people with disabilities. The central contradictions between political, legal, and normative demands for employment realities to be organized inclusively as well current developments in the area of technology, employment, and knowledge are discussed. Published on 2023-02-16 11:34:47
- An Agent-Based Simulation Model of Epidemic Spread in a Residential School
for Children with Disabilities
Abstract: People with disabilities, especially those living in institutions, are at higher risk during pandemics, while schools also play important roles in disease spread. Yet, less attention is paid to the intersection of risk factors at residential schools for children with disabilities. Better understanding of spatial and behavioral factors that contribute to epidemics in such schools is needed for effective public health plans and responses, especially for pandemics where vaccines may be initially unavailable. An agent-based model of a school for deaf children was developed from Norwegian archival sources and 1918 influenza pandemic data to test impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Results show differences in the timing and pattern of spread based on whether the first case is a student or staff member, while epidemics are smaller with more student bedrooms or a hospital ward. Implications for COVID-19 and future pandemics, including the need to combine different infection control measures, are discussed. Published on 2023-01-11 10:20:12
- ‘I Dare to Be Myself.’ The Value of Peer Communities in Adapted
Physical Activity Interventions for Young People and Adults with Cerebral
Palsy
Abstract: Rehabilitation for people with cerebral palsy has traditionally focused on the physical body. This study has a psychosocial focus and investigates the experience of being part of a peer community at a camp. Two semi-structured interviews with 16 participants were carried out. The first interview aimed at getting a sense of the participants and their life situation, and the second at getting a sense of their experiences at camp. Seven themes were identified in the thematic analysis: belonging, social security, group-synergy, symmetry in abilities, being a resource, being understood, and left alone in the period after camp.The findings indicate that peer communities for people with cerebral palsy can improve their self-perception and situated participation. Therefore, clinical recommendations and strategies should consider including peer communities. However, we must be aware of the transition from segregated interventions to everyday life, as this process may be difficult and inhibit the potential. Published on 2023-01-11 10:14:07
- Young Disabled People’s Fluctuating Activism: Challenging the
Perfect Standard of Activist
Abstract: By combining ideas from social movement theory with disability studies, this article unpacks how young disabled people navigate the cultural ideals of the activist and activism as they narrate their past and present experiences of disability activism. Five life history interviews of young disabled people are analysed in detail by deploying the idea of the ‘perfect standard of activist’. This allows taking into account the complexity of identifying as a disability activist. The findings indicate how the cultural ideals of activism and the figure of the activist are out of reach for young disabled people; as a result, they do not necessarily consider themselves as activists while still engaging in activism. The embodied standards of activism, and ways in which ableism frames these, provide a framework to think about young disabled people’s fluctuating activism and the different forms it might take. Published on 2022-12-28 10:25:49
- ‘A Limited Guardian Should First and Foremost Get to Know the Person He
Helps’—Experiences of Having a Limited Guardian from the Perspective
of Adults with Intellectual Disability
Abstract: One goal with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is ensuring that persons with disabilities have the right to support in reaching and acting upon decisions. The aim of this pilot study was to explore how adults with intellectual disability describe their experiences of receiving support and being represented by a limited guardian. Two overall themes emerged from eight qualitative individual semi-structured interviews: Indispensable and valuable support and Mismanagement of the assignment. Our findings showed that limited guardianship is more complex than it may initially seem due to overlaps between protecting rights, ensuring support for the person, and managing financial matters. Mutual trust and the guardian’s ability to listen and be open to the client’s changing needs reduced the risk of the client being misrepresented or receiving insufficient support. To support assisted decision-making, limited guardians must develop their pedagogical skills and gain knowledge about intellectual disability. Published on 2022-12-23 10:30:47
- Decolonizing Inclusive Education through Trauma-Informed Theories
Abstract: Notwithstanding its noble orientations and social justice foundations, inclusion has been contested, interrogated, and subjected to multiple interpretations and enactments. Inclusive education has been, inter alia, characterized as a neo-colonial project that is embroiled in and reinforces geopolitical power asymmetries and oppressive regimes. The article suggests that the enduring legacy of colonial perspectives needs to be problematized and challenged through a trauma-responsive lens that captures the traumatizing effects of colonialism/ty on the ‘lived’ realities of disabled and other disenfranchised groups of students. Trauma is a constituent element of intersectional oppression stemming from and imbricated in conditions of colonial structures of power that conceal and legitimize social inequalities, extreme poverty, malnutrition, violence, substandard childcare, racism, and other ‘cultural’ traumas. This is an issue that highlights the imperative of developing theories of inclusion that acknowledge and address the intersections of colonialism/ty, disability and trauma and their impact on educational accessibility, participation, and achievement. Published on 2022-12-22 12:18:12
- Unequal' A Field Experiment of Recruitment Practises Towards
Wheelchair Users in Denmark
Abstract: To what extent are employers willing to invite applicants in wheelchairs to job interviews when the applicant is comparable to applicants not in wheelchairs and the job can be conducted by a person in a wheelchair' We have conducted the first Danish field experiment with 1,200 fictive applications for real job adverts in four different job functions to measure the independent effect of being a wheelchair user. We find a significant difference in callback rates. Wheelchair users need to send more than twice as many applications to be successful compared to applicants without disabilities. Seventeen percent of the applicants without a disability were invited to a job interview compared to 7.7 percent of the applicants in wheelchairs. Our analysis indicates that the difference in callback rates is related to the negative signal that ‘disability’ transmits to employers and is a result of discrimination in the labour market. Published on 2022-12-19 12:22:45
- The Lived Experiences of Female Students with Blindness for Higher
Education at Bahir Dar University
Abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of blind female students for higher education using a phenomenological understanding of disability. I conducted semi-structured interviews with eight participants. I analysed interviews following principles of interpretative phenomenological approach. Four themes with sub-themes emerged: attitudes of the general environment, institutional environment (campus accessibility and disability support service), learning environment (accessing course materials, reading and assessment experiences), and social environment (interaction with sighted people and sense of accomplishment and pride). The experience of blind female students is primarily that they are treated as a female and blind person by the social environment. Stressing their competence for university studentship plays a major role in their lives, and a majority of people question their suitability for tertiary education. Few people provided support more than expected. From perspectives of the right to equitable services, these students need to be provided appropriate support services. Published on 2022-12-19 12:19:21
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