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International Journal of Community Development and Management Studies (IJCDMS)
Number of Followers: 1  Open Access journalISSN (Online) 2576-4306 Published by Informing Science Institute  [11 journals]
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- Propensity to Undergo Cosmetic Surgery and Services in Seoul
Authors: Kit Teng Phuah, Kelly Kai Seng Wong, Jenn Ling TingJL
Pages: 001 - 016
Abstract: Aim/Purpose: The focus of this study is to find the relationship between the components in Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) such as attitude, subjective norms (Media), subjective norm (celebrity), psychological attribute (self-esteem) and psychological attributes (social status) which influence Seoul Korea female intention to undergo cosmetic surgery in Seoul, Korea.Background: South Korea was ranked third in the world of cosmetic surgery in 2015. The Korean cosmetic surgery market is a promising market with 24% market share of the total world market. The market data about female willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery strongly suggests that marketers who work in the beauty and health industries associated with cosmetic surgery should pay attention to Seoul Korean women who are in the age group under 40 years old as the potential target market. In Korea, cosmetic surgery is frequently mentioned in normal conversation as a general topic and it is naturally settled as a culture.Methodology: The Seoul Korean female behavior with respect to use of cosmetic surgery is approximately determined by factors underlying the consumer’s behavioral intent. Thus, the theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) is used in this study because it attempts to explain consumer intentions and has a strong power of prediction of utility for a wide range of human behavioral attributes such as attitude, subjective norms (Media), subjective norm (celebrity), psychological attribute (self-esteem) and psychological attributes. A survey was conducted in Seoul, Korea where 400 female were interviewed by self-administrated questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis and multiple regressions were used to examine the factors that influence Seoul Korean female intention to engage in cosmetic surgery.Contribution: This research provides an insight to the health and beauty industry, marketers, decision makers and academics on the factors that influence Seoul Korea female intention to engage with cosmetic surgery.Findings: According to the research findings, Seoul Korean female attitude towards cosmetic surgery are generally positive, or favorable intention. That is to say, they usually think that the most effective way to improve their appearance and social status is to undergo cosmetic surgery. The study results (both qualitative and quantitative) support the proposition that the variables such as the media and the celebrities play important role in influencing females to do surgery. The results also provide important information to formulate and design strategies for the development and effective conduct of advertisements and promotions of cosmetic surgery. Lastly, other potential influencing factors were psychological attributes which are self-esteem and social status.Recommendations for Practitioners: It is suggested that psychologists can try to find the clinical roles in helping the cosmetic surgery patients by identifying patients who may not adjust well psychologically or psycho-socially after surgery. Psychologists can examine the issues related to cosmetic surgery due to the increasing popularity and the link between appearance, body image, eating disorders, sexual functioning and social phobia. Recommendation for Researchers: To help to fill in the research gaps, it is recommended to examine on how cosmetic surgery makes patients feel, how cosmetic surgery affects those around the recipients and what the effect of cosmetic surgery would be on children and teenagers. Impact on Society: The increasing number of cosmetic surgery is having a dramatic impact on the Korean society. In Korea, the number of cosmetic procedures has nearly doubled in the past few years. Distorted perception of self-image, over dependence on the social media is enormous and cannot be overstated had also caused the dramatic rise of cosmetic surgery. The impact of social media has resulted in the rising demand for injectable facial fillers, liposuction, breast implants, buttock augmentation and Botox among younger generation. Future Research: It is suggested to conduct further research involving Korean females who have undergone cosmetic surgery. The extended research should attempt to determine the level of satisfaction towards non-core and post cosmetic surgery services. That is, after sales services, the skills and knowledge of the doctor, the clinic environment and other attributes that further define the total or augmented product.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-01-12
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Propensity to Undergo Cosmetic Surgery and Services in Seoul
Authors: Kit Teng Phuah, Kelly Kai Seng Wong, Jenn Ling TingJL
Pages: 001 - 016
Abstract: Aim/Purpose: The focus of this study is to find the relationship between the components in Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) such as attitude, subjective norms (Media), subjective norm (celebrity), psychological attribute (self-esteem) and psychological attributes (social status) which influence Seoul Korea female intention to undergo cosmetic surgery in Seoul, Korea.Background: South Korea was ranked third in the world of cosmetic surgery in 2015. The Korean cosmetic surgery market is a promising market with 24% market share of the total world market. The market data about female willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery strongly suggests that marketers who work in the beauty and health industries associated with cosmetic surgery should pay attention to Seoul Korean women who are in the age group under 40 years old as the potential target market. In Korea, cosmetic surgery is frequently mentioned in normal conversation as a general topic and it is naturally settled as a culture.Methodology: The Seoul Korean female behavior with respect to use of cosmetic surgery is approximately determined by factors underlying the consumer’s behavioral intent. Thus, the theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) is used in this study because it attempts to explain consumer intentions and has a strong power of prediction of utility for a wide range of human behavioral attributes such as attitude, subjective norms (Media), subjective norm (celebrity), psychological attribute (self-esteem) and psychological attributes. A survey was conducted in Seoul, Korea where 400 female were interviewed by self-administrated questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis and multiple regressions were used to examine the factors that influence Seoul Korean female intention to engage in cosmetic surgery.Contribution: This research provides an insight to the health and beauty industry, marketers, decision makers and academics on the factors that influence Seoul Korea female intention to engage with cosmetic surgery.Findings: According to the research findings, Seoul Korean female attitude towards cosmetic surgery are generally positive, or favorable intention. That is to say, they usually think that the most effective way to improve their appearance and social status is to undergo cosmetic surgery. The study results (both qualitative and quantitative) support the proposition that the variables such as the media and the celebrities play important role in influencing females to do surgery. The results also provide important information to formulate and design strategies for the development and effective conduct of advertisements and promotions of cosmetic surgery. Lastly, other potential influencing factors were psychological attributes which are self-esteem and social status.Recommendations for Practitioners: It is suggested that psychologists can try to find the clinical roles in helping the cosmetic surgery patients by identifying patients who may not adjust well psychologically or psycho-socially after surgery. Psychologists can examine the issues related to cosmetic surgery due to the increasing popularity and the link between appearance, body image, eating disorders, sexual functioning and social phobia. Recommendation for Researchers: To help to fill in the research gaps, it is recommended to examine on how cosmetic surgery makes patients feel, how cosmetic surgery affects those around the recipients and what the effect of cosmetic surgery would be on children and teenagers. Impact on Society: The increasing number of cosmetic surgery is having a dramatic impact on the Korean society. In Korea, the number of cosmetic procedures has nearly doubled in the past few years. Distorted perception of self-image, over dependence on the social media is enormous and cannot be overstated had also caused the dramatic rise of cosmetic surgery. The impact of social media has resulted in the rising demand for injectable facial fillers, liposuction, breast implants, buttock augmentation and Botox among younger generation. Future Research: It is suggested to conduct further research involving Korean females who have undergone cosmetic surgery. The extended research should attempt to determine the level of satisfaction towards non-core and post cosmetic surgery services. That is, after sales services, the skills and knowledge of the doctor, the clinic environment and other attributes that further define the total or augmented product.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-01-12
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Strategic Interventions and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in
Nigeria
Authors: Niyi Israel Akeke
Pages: 017 - 029
Abstract: Aim/PurposeThe study seeks to examine the strategic interventions needed to promote the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, it analyzed the relationship between organizational learning, cultural values and SMEs performance.Background The performance of SMEs has been identified as one of the most important success factors behind growth, development and industrialization of nations. In anticipation of such outcome, SMEs have been given adequate attention in emerging economies such as Nigeria but it has performed below expectations. Existing studies noted that business organizations are able to develop by employing strategic management interventions. Strategic interventions involve a deliberate attempt to move organizations towards a more effective state and improve performance. The expected components of strategic interventions needed to achieve the expected change in performance of SMEs are organizational learning and cultural change. However, there has not been a complete research outcome on the relevance of organizational learning and cultural change to SMEs performance in Nigeria. Therefore, the main research question is; whether organization learning and cultural values contribute significantly to SMEs performance. Methodology In this study, the researcher employs quantitative research methods. Structured questionnaires are used to collect primary data. The study uses data set of 571 owners/managers of registered SMEs with the Ministry of Commerce and Trade in the study area. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to address the research objectives.ContributionThe study provides useful information to understanding the path to achieving SMEs performance through application of strategic interventions approach. It highlights the relevance of organizational learning to improving market share and profit in the small and medium enterprises sector.FindingsThe findings indicate that organizational learning can positively boost performance of the SMEs but cultural values, though covaried with organizational learning do not add to performance outcome of the SMEs. The organizational learning is found to play the direct role of boosting performance through team learning, empowerment, embedded system, inquiry and dialogue and continuous learning respectively.Recommendations for Practitioners Increasing performance of small businesses that impact on overall development is a considerable challenge. Consequently, the study highly recommends integration of strategic intervention that is anchored on organizational learning constructs for satisfactory outcome in the SMEs. In achieving this, less emphasis on cultural values may be useful. Recommendation for Researchers It is suggested that this type of study needs to be conducted in public-owned establishments and business corporations with large business structure. This may help to further establish the theoretical relevance of strategic interventions to SMEs performance across various dimensions of business forms and organizations.Impact on Society The findings provide adequate pathway to societal development through SMEs. For the expected growth of society to emerge through investments in SMEs, stakeholders in the society should take advantage of information embedded in strategic interventions in their performance drive. Future Research The study outcomes are much relevant to developing economies in need of small and medium business interventions to tackle growth, unemployment and societal development. Future research, especially in developing and emerging economies may explore the relevance of the approach to boosting small business in their area. The specific contribution of cultural values in that context may be tested.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-01-12
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Strategic Interventions and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in
Nigeria
Authors: Niyi Israel Akeke
Pages: 017 - 029
Abstract: Aim/PurposeThe study seeks to examine the strategic interventions needed to promote the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, it analyzed the relationship between organizational learning, cultural values and SMEs performance.Background The performance of SMEs has been identified as one of the most important success factors behind growth, development and industrialization of nations. In anticipation of such outcome, SMEs have been given adequate attention in emerging economies such as Nigeria but it has performed below expectations. Existing studies noted that business organizations are able to develop by employing strategic management interventions. Strategic interventions involve a deliberate attempt to move organizations towards a more effective state and improve performance. The expected components of strategic interventions needed to achieve the expected change in performance of SMEs are organizational learning and cultural change. However, there has not been a complete research outcome on the relevance of organizational learning and cultural change to SMEs performance in Nigeria. Therefore, the main research question is; whether organization learning and cultural values contribute significantly to SMEs performance. Methodology In this study, the researcher employs quantitative research methods. Structured questionnaires are used to collect primary data. The study uses data set of 571 owners/managers of registered SMEs with the Ministry of Commerce and Trade in the study area. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to address the research objectives.ContributionThe study provides useful information to understanding the path to achieving SMEs performance through application of strategic interventions approach. It highlights the relevance of organizational learning to improving market share and profit in the small and medium enterprises sector.FindingsThe findings indicate that organizational learning can positively boost performance of the SMEs but cultural values, though covaried with organizational learning do not add to performance outcome of the SMEs. The organizational learning is found to play the direct role of boosting performance through team learning, empowerment, embedded system, inquiry and dialogue and continuous learning respectively.Recommendations for Practitioners Increasing performance of small businesses that impact on overall development is a considerable challenge. Consequently, the study highly recommends integration of strategic intervention that is anchored on organizational learning constructs for satisfactory outcome in the SMEs. In achieving this, less emphasis on cultural values may be useful. Recommendation for Researchers It is suggested that this type of study needs to be conducted in public-owned establishments and business corporations with large business structure. This may help to further establish the theoretical relevance of strategic interventions to SMEs performance across various dimensions of business forms and organizations.Impact on Society The findings provide adequate pathway to societal development through SMEs. For the expected growth of society to emerge through investments in SMEs, stakeholders in the society should take advantage of information embedded in strategic interventions in their performance drive. Future Research The study outcomes are much relevant to developing economies in need of small and medium business interventions to tackle growth, unemployment and societal development. Future research, especially in developing and emerging economies may explore the relevance of the approach to boosting small business in their area. The specific contribution of cultural values in that context may be tested.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-01-12
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- E-Learning and Conventional Learning in 21st Century Information Age: A
Case Study Of Students from Selected Universities in Buffalo City
Metropolitan Eastern Cape South Africa
Authors: Agyei Fosu
Pages: 031 - 041
Abstract: Aim/PurposeThe main aim of the study is to critically examine the forces that can impede or support students to use e-learning in higher education teaching and learning environment which require not only pre-technological literacy’s but easy access to the e-learning platform and ICT devices.BackgroundThe concept of e-learning has grown considerably in the past three or four decades, which according to Pollock and Cornford, (2003) has prompted a great deal of interest in using and integration of technology into teaching and learning environment thereby transforming the very nature of the traditional higher education system. Murphy et al (2001) have highlighted that not only does the new technologies supplement the conventional course delivery in institutions of higher learning, but they have also become a catalyst for change in higher education. South Africa as a developing nation has adopted the introduction of ICTs in the education system with the hope that it may offer some solutions to the challenges of education in South Africa. The South African Department of Education believes that developments in ICTs and its introduction to the education system creates access to learning opportunities, redresses inequalities, improve the quality of learning and teaching, and deliver lifelong learning (Department of Education, 2004). Even though internet access and ICT devices are becoming more common in South Africa, the use of them for teaching and learning purposes are limited. According to the White Paper on E-education in South Africa (SA, 2004), the Province of Eastern Cape has ranked lowest in terms of number of schools with computers for teaching and learning and as a result many students from Eastern Cape Province who enter higher education do not have adequate technological literacy levels to cope with the demands of higher education teaching and learning environment.MethodologyThe design of the study was a case study and it utilized quantitative method. The number of sample units in the study was 65 students from Walter Sisulu University, University of South Africa, Pearson Institute of Higher Education (formerly called CTI) and University of Fort Hare campuses based in East London Eastern Cape Province South Africa. The data were analyzed using MS Excel spreadsheet database for conversion into percentages for the descriptive statistics. ContributionIt is essential to understand the forces that can impede or support e-learning. Possible solutions can be suggested for successfully integrating e-learning into higher education teaching and learning environment to meet 21st century students’ needs. The South Africa case study identified that a number of respondents indicated that the resources are available for e-learning on their university campuses. But these available resources are not efficiently used by most respondents to support their studies. FindingsThe results indicated that in the area of infrastructure required for e-learning, the majority of respondents indicated that the resources are available for e-learning on the campuses of the sampled universities. But these available re-sources are not efficiently utilized by respondents to support their studies.Recommendations for PractitionersWhile universities and other institutions of higher education are encouraging integration of e-learning into the curriculum, it is also imperative that their teaching and learning strategies and policies take into account that some students are unevenly challenged in terms of technological skills and still require additional support.Recommendation for Researchers There is the need to explore in depth the aspects that lead to the successful integration of e-learning into conventional lecture method of courses delivery.Impact on SocietyWith the dawn of 21st century digital and knowledge-based economies evolution where the integration of computers and other ICTs tools in higher education teaching and learning environments have been found to be very beneficial to students, hence not only pre-technological literacy’s of students but easy access to the e-learning platform and ICT devices are critical to higher education learning environment. Assessing students technological skills and access to e-learning platforms to which this study contributes will assist in improving quality education which has a greater impact on society. Future ResearchIn the context in which this study was conducted further examination of the technological skills of academic staff of the successful integration of e-learning into curriculum would be advisable. Keywords: Information and Communication Technologies, technological skills, training.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-07-14
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- E-Learning and Conventional Learning in 21st Century Information Age: A
Case Study Of Students from Selected Universities in Buffalo City
Metropolitan Eastern Cape South Africa
Authors: Agyei Fosu
Pages: 031 - 041
Abstract: Aim/PurposeThe main aim of the study is to critically examine the forces that can impede or support students to use e-learning in higher education teaching and learning environment which require not only pre-technological literacy’s but easy access to the e-learning platform and ICT devices.BackgroundThe concept of e-learning has grown considerably in the past three or four decades, which according to Pollock and Cornford, (2003) has prompted a great deal of interest in using and integration of technology into teaching and learning environment thereby transforming the very nature of the traditional higher education system. Murphy et al (2001) have highlighted that not only does the new technologies supplement the conventional course delivery in institutions of higher learning, but they have also become a catalyst for change in higher education. South Africa as a developing nation has adopted the introduction of ICTs in the education system with the hope that it may offer some solutions to the challenges of education in South Africa. The South African Department of Education believes that developments in ICTs and its introduction to the education system creates access to learning opportunities, redresses inequalities, improve the quality of learning and teaching, and deliver lifelong learning (Department of Education, 2004). Even though internet access and ICT devices are becoming more common in South Africa, the use of them for teaching and learning purposes are limited. According to the White Paper on E-education in South Africa (SA, 2004), the Province of Eastern Cape has ranked lowest in terms of number of schools with computers for teaching and learning and as a result many students from Eastern Cape Province who enter higher education do not have adequate technological literacy levels to cope with the demands of higher education teaching and learning environment.MethodologyThe design of the study was a case study and it utilized quantitative method. The number of sample units in the study was 65 students from Walter Sisulu University, University of South Africa, Pearson Institute of Higher Education (formerly called CTI) and University of Fort Hare campuses based in East London Eastern Cape Province South Africa. The data were analyzed using MS Excel spreadsheet database for conversion into percentages for the descriptive statistics. ContributionIt is essential to understand the forces that can impede or support e-learning. Possible solutions can be suggested for successfully integrating e-learning into higher education teaching and learning environment to meet 21st century students’ needs. The South Africa case study identified that a number of respondents indicated that the resources are available for e-learning on their university campuses. But these available resources are not efficiently used by most respondents to support their studies. FindingsThe results indicated that in the area of infrastructure required for e-learning, the majority of respondents indicated that the resources are available for e-learning on the campuses of the sampled universities. But these available re-sources are not efficiently utilized by respondents to support their studies.Recommendations for PractitionersWhile universities and other institutions of higher education are encouraging integration of e-learning into the curriculum, it is also imperative that their teaching and learning strategies and policies take into account that some students are unevenly challenged in terms of technological skills and still require additional support.Recommendation for Researchers There is the need to explore in depth the aspects that lead to the successful integration of e-learning into conventional lecture method of courses delivery.Impact on SocietyWith the dawn of 21st century digital and knowledge-based economies evolution where the integration of computers and other ICTs tools in higher education teaching and learning environments have been found to be very beneficial to students, hence not only pre-technological literacy’s of students but easy access to the e-learning platform and ICT devices are critical to higher education learning environment. Assessing students technological skills and access to e-learning platforms to which this study contributes will assist in improving quality education which has a greater impact on society. Future ResearchIn the context in which this study was conducted further examination of the technological skills of academic staff of the successful integration of e-learning into curriculum would be advisable. Keywords: Information and Communication Technologies, technological skills, training.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-07-14
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Assessing the Effects of Government Incentives on the Performance of SMEs
in Food Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Juwaidah Sharifuddin, Norhasmat Abdul Aziz
Pages: 043 - 055
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:The Malaysian government has given numerous incentives to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), including those in the food manufacturing sector, in an attempt to boost their performance. This study aims to assess the effects of these incentives, particularly financial and tax incentives, on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Background:Millions of Ringgit has been allocated for the development of SMEs by the Malaysian government. The findings of this study aim to assist the policymakers in improving the current policies in incentive give outs to enhance the effectiveness and reduce the number of SMEs that were forced to close down in less than five years of operation.Methodology:The study was conducted using structure, conduct, and performance (SCP) paradigm on secondary data from 140 companies over a period of five years (2013 – 2017). Correlation analysis was done to explore the relationship between each explanatory market variables included in the SCP paradigm.Contribution:This study provides insights into the effect of different types of government incentives on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Findings:The study found that financial and tax incentives gave different effects on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector during the study period. Financial incentive shows a weak positive significant correlation with advertising-to-sales ratio (ASR), return on assets (ROA) and market share (MS) ratio while showing negative significant correlation towards capital intensity (CAP). On the other hand, tax incentive shows a strong significant positive correlation with MS and weak significant positive correlation with CAP, ROA and return on sales (ROS). This shows that financial incentive strongly correlates with SMEs’ performance, whereas tax incentive is associated with market structure and conduct of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Recommendations for Practitioners:Firstly, the government should consider providing extra assistance to SMEs in entering the sector as entry barriers for the sector is relatively high. Focus can be given in increasing financial incentives at a more competitive rate as it can reduce debt or increase the firm’s equity or aid firms in acquiring assets, which are crucial for efficient and effective production of processed food. Allocation of tax incentives should be reviewed as it does not have a strong correlation with firms’ performance.Recommendation for Researchers:There are limitations to the number of SMEs included in this study. Hence, researchers are recommended to have direct contact with more firms to ensure more accurate data.Impact on Society:With more efficient and effective policies in the government’s financial and tax incentives, more allocation can be channeled to other areas that have direct implications to the citizen. Additionally, with better policies, more jobs will be created in the market, and a highly competitive market will lead to a production of higher quality products that can be enjoyed by the consumers.Future Research:This study has contributed to the SCP paradigm as it demonstrated the effects of government financial and tax incentives on the market structure, conduct, and performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector. Future researches might focus on non-financial incentives given out by the government such as human resource development, training, industrial infrastructure and amenities, technology development and capabilities, technology transfer, and organizational innovation.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-10-27
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Assessing the Effects of Government Incentives on the Performance of SMEs
in Food Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Juwaidah Sharifuddin, Norhasmat Abdul Aziz
Pages: 043 - 055
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:The Malaysian government has given numerous incentives to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), including those in the food manufacturing sector, in an attempt to boost their performance. This study aims to assess the effects of these incentives, particularly financial and tax incentives, on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Background:Millions of Ringgit has been allocated for the development of SMEs by the Malaysian government. The findings of this study aim to assist the policymakers in improving the current policies in incentive give outs to enhance the effectiveness and reduce the number of SMEs that were forced to close down in less than five years of operation.Methodology:The study was conducted using structure, conduct, and performance (SCP) paradigm on secondary data from 140 companies over a period of five years (2013 – 2017). Correlation analysis was done to explore the relationship between each explanatory market variables included in the SCP paradigm.Contribution:This study provides insights into the effect of different types of government incentives on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Findings:The study found that financial and tax incentives gave different effects on the performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector during the study period. Financial incentive shows a weak positive significant correlation with advertising-to-sales ratio (ASR), return on assets (ROA) and market share (MS) ratio while showing negative significant correlation towards capital intensity (CAP). On the other hand, tax incentive shows a strong significant positive correlation with MS and weak significant positive correlation with CAP, ROA and return on sales (ROS). This shows that financial incentive strongly correlates with SMEs’ performance, whereas tax incentive is associated with market structure and conduct of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector.Recommendations for Practitioners:Firstly, the government should consider providing extra assistance to SMEs in entering the sector as entry barriers for the sector is relatively high. Focus can be given in increasing financial incentives at a more competitive rate as it can reduce debt or increase the firm’s equity or aid firms in acquiring assets, which are crucial for efficient and effective production of processed food. Allocation of tax incentives should be reviewed as it does not have a strong correlation with firms’ performance.Recommendation for Researchers:There are limitations to the number of SMEs included in this study. Hence, researchers are recommended to have direct contact with more firms to ensure more accurate data.Impact on Society:With more efficient and effective policies in the government’s financial and tax incentives, more allocation can be channeled to other areas that have direct implications to the citizen. Additionally, with better policies, more jobs will be created in the market, and a highly competitive market will lead to a production of higher quality products that can be enjoyed by the consumers.Future Research:This study has contributed to the SCP paradigm as it demonstrated the effects of government financial and tax incentives on the market structure, conduct, and performance of SMEs in the Malaysian food manufacturing sector. Future researches might focus on non-financial incentives given out by the government such as human resource development, training, industrial infrastructure and amenities, technology development and capabilities, technology transfer, and organizational innovation.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-10-27
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Perception of Consumer towards Halal Labelled Cosmetic Products in
Selangor
Authors: Nursalwani Muhamad, Zul Ariff Abdul Latiff
Pages: 057 - 064
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:This study aims to identify the level of perception level of consumer and the relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice toward consumer perception on the halal cosmetic product.Background:Halal labelled cosmetic sector is expected to thrive in Malaysia. The consumption and expenditure among Malaysian consumers on cosmetic products in personal body care, beauty and wellness products are increasing rapidly over time. At the same time, government bodies have to make sure that manufacturers comply with Malaysia Halal and Sharia standards.Methodology:Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire where 100 respondents were randomly selected in the Malaysia International Halal Showcase (MIHAS) exhibition. The data were then analyzed by using descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Contribution:This paper studies the effect of knowledge, attitude and practice on the perception of consumer toward halal labelled cosmetic products in Selangor. This study is useful to fill the gaps in the Malaysian literature regarding the importance of knowledge and its relationship with the attitude and practice.Findings:From the results, the consumers are having a high level of perception of halal cosmetic products. Besides that, consumers have sufficient knowledge with the attitude towards the halal cosmetic products, which includes the ingredients that are lawful in Syariah law and can avoid sensitive skin and allergic problem. However, the consumers showed a moderate practice level on the halal cosmetic products as there are more prone to used products from overseas. The analysis of Pearson correlation on three variables has indicated that knowledge, attitude and practice of consumers are identical to the methods of halal cosmetic products.Recommendations for Practitioners:The government should promote the benefits of halal cosmetic products to consumers more often to change their perceptions about the halal cosmetic product in Malaysia.Recommendation for Researchers :More studies can be done regarding the behavior and intention of consumers concerning halal cosmetic products in other states in Malaysia.Impact on Society:The findings can help consumers in understanding the benefits and advantage of halal cosmetic product toward health. Hence, all parties, including the government, policymakers and manufacturers, should encourage and grow consumer interest in halal cosmetic product by making it more accessible and available.Future Research: This study focuses on Selangor only and does not represent other states. Further research is required to generalize the findings of this study aimed at determining the effect of demographic factors on the behavior of consumers concerning halal cosmetic products.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-04
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Perception of Consumer towards Halal Labelled Cosmetic Products in
Selangor
Authors: Nursalwani Muhamad, Zul Ariff Abdul Latiff
Pages: 057 - 064
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:This study aims to identify the level of perception level of consumer and the relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice toward consumer perception on the halal cosmetic product.Background:Halal labelled cosmetic sector is expected to thrive in Malaysia. The consumption and expenditure among Malaysian consumers on cosmetic products in personal body care, beauty and wellness products are increasing rapidly over time. At the same time, government bodies have to make sure that manufacturers comply with Malaysia Halal and Sharia standards.Methodology:Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire where 100 respondents were randomly selected in the Malaysia International Halal Showcase (MIHAS) exhibition. The data were then analyzed by using descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Contribution:This paper studies the effect of knowledge, attitude and practice on the perception of consumer toward halal labelled cosmetic products in Selangor. This study is useful to fill the gaps in the Malaysian literature regarding the importance of knowledge and its relationship with the attitude and practice.Findings:From the results, the consumers are having a high level of perception of halal cosmetic products. Besides that, consumers have sufficient knowledge with the attitude towards the halal cosmetic products, which includes the ingredients that are lawful in Syariah law and can avoid sensitive skin and allergic problem. However, the consumers showed a moderate practice level on the halal cosmetic products as there are more prone to used products from overseas. The analysis of Pearson correlation on three variables has indicated that knowledge, attitude and practice of consumers are identical to the methods of halal cosmetic products.Recommendations for Practitioners:The government should promote the benefits of halal cosmetic products to consumers more often to change their perceptions about the halal cosmetic product in Malaysia.Recommendation for Researchers :More studies can be done regarding the behavior and intention of consumers concerning halal cosmetic products in other states in Malaysia.Impact on Society:The findings can help consumers in understanding the benefits and advantage of halal cosmetic product toward health. Hence, all parties, including the government, policymakers and manufacturers, should encourage and grow consumer interest in halal cosmetic product by making it more accessible and available.Future Research: This study focuses on Selangor only and does not represent other states. Further research is required to generalize the findings of this study aimed at determining the effect of demographic factors on the behavior of consumers concerning halal cosmetic products.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-04
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Readiness of Universities for the 21st Century digital economies: A look
at selected lecturers from Universities in Buffalo City Metropolitan in
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
Authors: Agyei Fosu
Pages: 065 - 077
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:The purpose of this study is to expand the knowledge base on factors likely to impede implementation and adoption of web-based learning management systems to blend with traditional methods of lecturing in universities to cater for the next generation of learners in Africa and Eastern Cape Province South Africa in particular.Background:The shift from the industrial economies to 21st century digital and knowledge-based economies, fueled by rapid Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) such as Internet, YouTube, Chartrooms, Skype, Social media networks and its introduction to the educational system not only resulted in a new teaching approach globally but also paved way to usher in new generation of learners (anytime, anywhere learners) in the higher education system. Despite the fact that universities and other institutions of higher education in developed countries and some Africa countries have since recognized that the 21st century global digital and knowledge-based economies evolution has ushered in the next generation of learners, and as a result have taken the necessary steps to blend the traditional method of lecturing in higher education with web-based learning management systems in order to accommodate these learners. However, in Africa not much research have been done on the readiness of higher education institutions in terms of blending web-based learning management systems with the traditional method of lecturing to cater for the next generation of learners.Methodology:Quantitative and two non-probability sampling methods, namely, quota and purposive sampling was used to investigate the technological skills of selected lecturers from universities within Buffalo City Metropolitan as one of the core component to check the readiness of their faculty for the next generation of learners.Contribution:This research will add to the growing knowledge about the blending of web-based learning management with the traditional style of lecturing in higher education in the 21st century digital economies.Findings:The results indicated that the participating lecturers need to be trained and sup-ported in the skills of using of the ICTs and computer programs applicable to enhance web-based learning in teaching and learning environment in higher education in order to cater for the next generation of learners associated with the 21st century digital economies.Recommendations for Practitioners:Much as there is a need for increased in investment in infrastructure within higher education institutions to support teaching and learning, continuous sup-port and training for academics to be technologically literate and also be abreast on rapidly evolving field of ICTs is paramount as it can expedite the teaching and learning process in higher education.Recommendation for Researchers :There is the need to explore in depth the other two components suggested by Mishra and Koehler (2007) which can serve as barriers for successfully integration of technology into teaching and learning by locus of knowledge.Impact on Society:The research will assist stakeholders, policy makers and agencies tasked with transforming institutions of higher learning to identify the barriers likely to hinder transformation efforts and address them accordingly.Future Research:Conducting research on technological skills of students are critical in this context.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-04
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Readiness of Universities for the 21st Century digital economies: A look
at selected lecturers from Universities in Buffalo City Metropolitan in
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
Authors: Agyei Fosu
Pages: 065 - 077
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:The purpose of this study is to expand the knowledge base on factors likely to impede implementation and adoption of web-based learning management systems to blend with traditional methods of lecturing in universities to cater for the next generation of learners in Africa and Eastern Cape Province South Africa in particular.Background:The shift from the industrial economies to 21st century digital and knowledge-based economies, fueled by rapid Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) such as Internet, YouTube, Chartrooms, Skype, Social media networks and its introduction to the educational system not only resulted in a new teaching approach globally but also paved way to usher in new generation of learners (anytime, anywhere learners) in the higher education system. Despite the fact that universities and other institutions of higher education in developed countries and some Africa countries have since recognized that the 21st century global digital and knowledge-based economies evolution has ushered in the next generation of learners, and as a result have taken the necessary steps to blend the traditional method of lecturing in higher education with web-based learning management systems in order to accommodate these learners. However, in Africa not much research have been done on the readiness of higher education institutions in terms of blending web-based learning management systems with the traditional method of lecturing to cater for the next generation of learners.Methodology:Quantitative and two non-probability sampling methods, namely, quota and purposive sampling was used to investigate the technological skills of selected lecturers from universities within Buffalo City Metropolitan as one of the core component to check the readiness of their faculty for the next generation of learners.Contribution:This research will add to the growing knowledge about the blending of web-based learning management with the traditional style of lecturing in higher education in the 21st century digital economies.Findings:The results indicated that the participating lecturers need to be trained and sup-ported in the skills of using of the ICTs and computer programs applicable to enhance web-based learning in teaching and learning environment in higher education in order to cater for the next generation of learners associated with the 21st century digital economies.Recommendations for Practitioners:Much as there is a need for increased in investment in infrastructure within higher education institutions to support teaching and learning, continuous sup-port and training for academics to be technologically literate and also be abreast on rapidly evolving field of ICTs is paramount as it can expedite the teaching and learning process in higher education.Recommendation for Researchers :There is the need to explore in depth the other two components suggested by Mishra and Koehler (2007) which can serve as barriers for successfully integration of technology into teaching and learning by locus of knowledge.Impact on Society:The research will assist stakeholders, policy makers and agencies tasked with transforming institutions of higher learning to identify the barriers likely to hinder transformation efforts and address them accordingly.Future Research:Conducting research on technological skills of students are critical in this context.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-04
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 1 from Series of 5 :Community Education and
Development: Perspectives on Employment, Employability and Development of
English-Speaking Black Minority of Quebec
Authors: Clarence Sylvester Bayne
Pages: 79 - 130
Abstract: Background:On December 7, 2018, the Black Community Forum of Montreal held a conference on “Community Education and Development: perspectives on English-Speaking Blacks and Other Minorities”. The IJCDMS Journal has selected a number of the conference papers for publication in its Special Conference Series: “Collaborative Unity and Existential Responsibility.” This article serves as an overview to the conference; and provides a theoretical frame-work against which the reader can derive a better understanding of those papers. It allows the reader to reflect meaningfully on the optimal of the decision search rules adopted by various cultural subgroups, by comparing them to the behaviors of successful agent types in the computer simulated studies discussed in this paper. The targeted cultural sub-populations are the English-Speaking Blacks in Montreal. Framework and presentational approach: The overall research approach used is based on critical realism. We postulate that patterns in the responses of leadership in a social dynamic system may be impacted by values and uncertain events that are better explained by using a qualitative system analysis as opposed to traditional quantitative analyses based on positivist assumptions. We consider Montreal and Quebec societies diverse complex adaptive systems generating outcomes, not always predictable, in environments that vary from very hospitable to inhospitable. Findings: There is a history of Black social entrepreneurship initiatives aimed at reducing the negative impact of fragmentation, gaps in communication and knowledge states, and solving the problems of integration and development posed by exclusion, racial and systemic discrimination. Who benefits: This paper is of interest to social entrepreneurs, community developers and strategists; policy makers; government agencies, students and researchers.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-10
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 1 from Series of 5 :Community Education and
Development: Perspectives on Employment, Employability and Development of
English-Speaking Black Minority of Quebec
Authors: Clarence Sylvester Bayne
Pages: 79 - 130
Abstract: Background:On December 7, 2018, the Black Community Forum of Montreal held a conference on “Community Education and Development: perspectives on English-Speaking Blacks and Other Minorities”. The IJCDMS Journal has selected a number of the conference papers for publication in its Special Conference Series: “Collaborative Unity and Existential Responsibility.” This article serves as an overview to the conference; and provides a theoretical frame-work against which the reader can derive a better understanding of those papers. It allows the reader to reflect meaningfully on the optimal of the decision search rules adopted by various cultural subgroups, by comparing them to the behaviors of successful agent types in the computer simulated studies discussed in this paper. The targeted cultural sub-populations are the English-Speaking Blacks in Montreal. Framework and presentational approach: The overall research approach used is based on critical realism. We postulate that patterns in the responses of leadership in a social dynamic system may be impacted by values and uncertain events that are better explained by using a qualitative system analysis as opposed to traditional quantitative analyses based on positivist assumptions. We consider Montreal and Quebec societies diverse complex adaptive systems generating outcomes, not always predictable, in environments that vary from very hospitable to inhospitable. Findings: There is a history of Black social entrepreneurship initiatives aimed at reducing the negative impact of fragmentation, gaps in communication and knowledge states, and solving the problems of integration and development posed by exclusion, racial and systemic discrimination. Who benefits: This paper is of interest to social entrepreneurs, community developers and strategists; policy makers; government agencies, students and researchers.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-10
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 2 from Series of 5: Empowering
African-Canadian Career Excellence
Authors: CEDEC CEDEC
Pages: 131 - 155
Abstract: Aim and Purpose:The African-Canadian Career Excellence (ACCE) initiative was developed to address the loss of highly-educated, English-speaking Black youth from the Greater Montreal Area (Quebec, Canada) facing issues of unemployment and underemployment. Background:The ACCE initiative partners – African and Caribbean Synergic inter-organizational Network of Canada (ACSioN Network), Black Community Resource Center (BCRC) and Community Economic Development and Employability Corporation (CEDEC) – worked to mitigate the exodus of educated Black youth through building their professional capacities to attain meaningful, sustainable local employment; encouraging their contribution to Quebec’s vitality, and assisting employers to diversify their workforce.Methodology:The Black undergraduate students of African descent who were surveyed were English-speaking youth from the Greater Montreal Area; these included Canadian citizens, landed immigrants and temporary and permanent residents. Survey respondents will be referred to as Black African undergraduate students for the remainder of this article. In the 2011-2012 academic year, Black African undergraduate students from five Montreal post-secondary institutions were surveyed. On-campus promotion and in-person solicitation resulted in a non-random convenience sample of 92 individuals. Data from the 34 categorical and open-ended questions in an English-language online survey were analysed using SurveyMonkey, Microsoft Excel and SPSS.Contribution:Montreal's English-speaking Black African undergraduate students represent an under-documented demographic in migration studies, specifically in terms of career plans, workplace skills, career path, employment resource awareness and discrimination.This portrait highlights the experience and career expectations of Montreal Black African undergraduate youth and is relevant within the contexts of Black history, community development, skills and career development, education and employment. Findings:These results suggest that English-speaking Black African undergraduates expected to follow an appropriate career path in their desired field by attaining meaningful and sustainable local employment commensurate with their skills. Many of these youth were not able to access the same career opportunities as their peers, and therefore left before fully participating in Quebec’s economy.Recommendation for Practitioner:This article suggests that businesses seeking to diversify their workforce can collaborate with public institutions and civil society organizations to better prepare and integrate Montreal’s skilled Black African youth. It is suggested that career-advancement training focus on addressing job security and skills gap concerns, in addition to awareness of discrimination in the workplace and strategies for identifying and redressing the situation. Recommendation for Researcher:Future research could be conducted within the same Montreal population to compare the findings a decade later. Subsequent outreach to targeted employers might reveal progress and additional recommendations in diversifying their workplace.Impact on Society:Collaboration among public institutions, private businesses and civil society organizations can lead to increased integration of Black African youth into the labor market.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-10
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 2 from Series of 5: Empowering
African-Canadian Career Excellence
Authors: CEDEC CEDEC
Pages: 131 - 155
Abstract: Aim and Purpose:The African-Canadian Career Excellence (ACCE) initiative was developed to address the loss of highly-educated, English-speaking Black youth from the Greater Montreal Area (Quebec, Canada) facing issues of unemployment and underemployment. Background:The ACCE initiative partners – African and Caribbean Synergic inter-organizational Network of Canada (ACSioN Network), Black Community Resource Center (BCRC) and Community Economic Development and Employability Corporation (CEDEC) – worked to mitigate the exodus of educated Black youth through building their professional capacities to attain meaningful, sustainable local employment; encouraging their contribution to Quebec’s vitality, and assisting employers to diversify their workforce.Methodology:The Black undergraduate students of African descent who were surveyed were English-speaking youth from the Greater Montreal Area; these included Canadian citizens, landed immigrants and temporary and permanent residents. Survey respondents will be referred to as Black African undergraduate students for the remainder of this article. In the 2011-2012 academic year, Black African undergraduate students from five Montreal post-secondary institutions were surveyed. On-campus promotion and in-person solicitation resulted in a non-random convenience sample of 92 individuals. Data from the 34 categorical and open-ended questions in an English-language online survey were analysed using SurveyMonkey, Microsoft Excel and SPSS.Contribution:Montreal's English-speaking Black African undergraduate students represent an under-documented demographic in migration studies, specifically in terms of career plans, workplace skills, career path, employment resource awareness and discrimination.This portrait highlights the experience and career expectations of Montreal Black African undergraduate youth and is relevant within the contexts of Black history, community development, skills and career development, education and employment. Findings:These results suggest that English-speaking Black African undergraduates expected to follow an appropriate career path in their desired field by attaining meaningful and sustainable local employment commensurate with their skills. Many of these youth were not able to access the same career opportunities as their peers, and therefore left before fully participating in Quebec’s economy.Recommendation for Practitioner:This article suggests that businesses seeking to diversify their workforce can collaborate with public institutions and civil society organizations to better prepare and integrate Montreal’s skilled Black African youth. It is suggested that career-advancement training focus on addressing job security and skills gap concerns, in addition to awareness of discrimination in the workplace and strategies for identifying and redressing the situation. Recommendation for Researcher:Future research could be conducted within the same Montreal population to compare the findings a decade later. Subsequent outreach to targeted employers might reveal progress and additional recommendations in diversifying their workplace.Impact on Society:Collaboration among public institutions, private businesses and civil society organizations can lead to increased integration of Black African youth into the labor market.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-10
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 3 from Series of 5: Black-White Differences in
Canadian Educational Attainments and Earnings
Authors: Rosalie Masella, James McIntosh
Pages: 157 - 170
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:Data from two large Canadian surveys are used to analyze educational and earnings performance of Blacks and Whites. The main purpose of this study is to determine how well blacks perform relative to Whites in these two areas.Background:Canadian researchers have been studying black performance in education and labor markets since the 1970’s. Much of this research was done before 2000. It showed that there was considerable discrimination in the way Blacks were treated in the labor market but fewer problems concerning their success in the educational system. Since then more data has become available and it is possible to re-examine this issue and explore new dimensions of black economic performance.Methodology:Educational outcomes are categorical and are analyzed by ordered Beta probability models. Earnings functions are estimated by mixed linear regression models where the mixing procedure is used to account for unobserved differences in respondent ability.Contribution :Our results update and expand what was known before 2016 using the most resent Canadian Census and Youth Smoking Survey of which the latter contains academic performance information for students in primary and secondary school.Findings :The main results show that while Black males are able to access the educational system without much racial prejudice, they are not treated fairly in the labor market. Black females do less well in both the educational system and labor markets. Blacks earn significantly less than Whites for all age groups, all levels of education, and in all occupations. They are more likely to be less than fully employed and more likely to be at the bottom of the income distribution. These findings are consistent with earlier studies but the amount of discrimination is larger and black/white earnings differentials are larger than those found by researchers using earlier surveys.Recommendation for Practitioners :These results are disturbing and the persistence over long periods of time suggests that some form of expanded government intervention is needed.Recommendations for Researchers:The surveys used here provide inadequate information on the process of discrimination. More and better data is needed to understand why, for example, black students do less well than their white counterparts in primary and secondary school and yet overcome these problems in tertiary education. Impact on Society: Discrimination of any sort is costly to the victims but is also detrimental to society as a whole since it represents a failure our institutions to deliver a fair and just society for all groups regardless of race or ethnicity. We hope our results will draw attention to the need to address this problem.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-21
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 3 from Series of 5: Black-White Differences in
Canadian Educational Attainments and Earnings
Authors: Rosalie Masella, James McIntosh
Pages: 157 - 170
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:Data from two large Canadian surveys are used to analyze educational and earnings performance of Blacks and Whites. The main purpose of this study is to determine how well blacks perform relative to Whites in these two areas.Background:Canadian researchers have been studying black performance in education and labor markets since the 1970’s. Much of this research was done before 2000. It showed that there was considerable discrimination in the way Blacks were treated in the labor market but fewer problems concerning their success in the educational system. Since then more data has become available and it is possible to re-examine this issue and explore new dimensions of black economic performance.Methodology:Educational outcomes are categorical and are analyzed by ordered Beta probability models. Earnings functions are estimated by mixed linear regression models where the mixing procedure is used to account for unobserved differences in respondent ability.Contribution :Our results update and expand what was known before 2016 using the most resent Canadian Census and Youth Smoking Survey of which the latter contains academic performance information for students in primary and secondary school.Findings :The main results show that while Black males are able to access the educational system without much racial prejudice, they are not treated fairly in the labor market. Black females do less well in both the educational system and labor markets. Blacks earn significantly less than Whites for all age groups, all levels of education, and in all occupations. They are more likely to be less than fully employed and more likely to be at the bottom of the income distribution. These findings are consistent with earlier studies but the amount of discrimination is larger and black/white earnings differentials are larger than those found by researchers using earlier surveys.Recommendation for Practitioners :These results are disturbing and the persistence over long periods of time suggests that some form of expanded government intervention is needed.Recommendations for Researchers:The surveys used here provide inadequate information on the process of discrimination. More and better data is needed to understand why, for example, black students do less well than their white counterparts in primary and secondary school and yet overcome these problems in tertiary education. Impact on Society: Discrimination of any sort is costly to the victims but is also detrimental to society as a whole since it represents a failure our institutions to deliver a fair and just society for all groups regardless of race or ethnicity. We hope our results will draw attention to the need to address this problem.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-21
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 4 from Series of 5: Black and English-speaking
in Montreal: an Intersectional Snapshot
Authors: Bonnie Zehavi
Pages: 171 - 178
Abstract: Summary:This paper presents a general overview of the challenges faced by English-speaking Black community members in Montreal, as well as the exacerbation of those barriers for individuals with a history of justice involvement. Frontline community initiatives focusing on education, employment, and entrepreneurship at DESTA Black Youth Network are profiled as an example of grassroots efforts to mitigate disparate circumstances between English-speaking Black Montrealers and their white counterparts. Statistical data in the areas of educational attainment, rates of unemployment, and income provide the platform for analysis and, recognizing the multiple identity experiences of belonging to a racialized and linguistic minority, an intersectional framework is employed. Recommendations for more race-based study, policy, and funding to better support equity strategies are provided.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-24
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 4 from Series of 5: Black and English-speaking
in Montreal: an Intersectional Snapshot
Authors: Bonnie Zehavi
Pages: 171 - 178
Abstract: Summary:This paper presents a general overview of the challenges faced by English-speaking Black community members in Montreal, as well as the exacerbation of those barriers for individuals with a history of justice involvement. Frontline community initiatives focusing on education, employment, and entrepreneurship at DESTA Black Youth Network are profiled as an example of grassroots efforts to mitigate disparate circumstances between English-speaking Black Montrealers and their white counterparts. Statistical data in the areas of educational attainment, rates of unemployment, and income provide the platform for analysis and, recognizing the multiple identity experiences of belonging to a racialized and linguistic minority, an intersectional framework is employed. Recommendations for more race-based study, policy, and funding to better support equity strategies are provided.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-24
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 5 from Series of 5: Black Academic Scholarship
Fund (BASF) and education - gaining equity in education and empowering
black learners
Authors: Sylvia E. A. Piggott
Pages: 179 - 185
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:This article explains the movement for Afrocentric public schools in Canada, particularly in Montreal, and the controversy it has generated. It is also argued that Black youth would gain significantly from community based educational programs that root their learning more closely in the life, experiences and needs of their community.Background: The Black Academic Scholarship Fund (BASF) is a non- profit organization that has been active in the community since 1981. Its main goal is to provide scholarships to visible minority students who are actively pursuing a course of study in an accredited institution. The objective is to enhance the economic status of the Black community and provide more opportunities for students to achieve their educational goals. The organization received its letters Pa-tent in March 1996 with the registered Charity No. 89440 6396. This has facilitated it fundraising initiatives. The motivation for this presentation derives from the commitment of the Black Academic Scholarship Fund (BASF) to responsible social action and hence to the principles of “collaborative unity and existential responsibility “ espoused by the Black Community Forum of Montreal of which it is a member. The paper presents BASF’s actions and focus on “gaining equity in education and empowering black learners” wherever they are in the system.Findings and Community Impact: The experiences of the work of BASF and other organization such as the QBBE and the BSC are that Black learners, in Montreal, benefit from community-based education centered on the experiences of African Canadians. These programs are intended are resourced essential by the community. In turn they use this capacity to empower Black youth and their families, and better equip them to navigate public school systems and organize in their communities.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-31
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
- Special Issue 2019, Article 5 from Series of 5: Black Academic Scholarship
Fund (BASF) and education - gaining equity in education and empowering
black learners
Authors: Sylvia E. A. Piggott
Pages: 179 - 185
Abstract: Aim/Purpose:This article explains the movement for Afrocentric public schools in Canada, particularly in Montreal, and the controversy it has generated. It is also argued that Black youth would gain significantly from community based educational programs that root their learning more closely in the life, experiences and needs of their community.Background: The Black Academic Scholarship Fund (BASF) is a non- profit organization that has been active in the community since 1981. Its main goal is to provide scholarships to visible minority students who are actively pursuing a course of study in an accredited institution. The objective is to enhance the economic status of the Black community and provide more opportunities for students to achieve their educational goals. The organization received its letters Pa-tent in March 1996 with the registered Charity No. 89440 6396. This has facilitated it fundraising initiatives. The motivation for this presentation derives from the commitment of the Black Academic Scholarship Fund (BASF) to responsible social action and hence to the principles of “collaborative unity and existential responsibility “ espoused by the Black Community Forum of Montreal of which it is a member. The paper presents BASF’s actions and focus on “gaining equity in education and empowering black learners” wherever they are in the system.Findings and Community Impact: The experiences of the work of BASF and other organization such as the QBBE and the BSC are that Black learners, in Montreal, benefit from community-based education centered on the experiences of African Canadians. These programs are intended are resourced essential by the community. In turn they use this capacity to empower Black youth and their families, and better equip them to navigate public school systems and organize in their communities.
Citation: IJCDMS, Volume 3 (2019)
PubDate: 2019-12-31
Issue No: Vol. 3 (2019)
