JournalTOCs

Trends in Computer Science and Information Technology
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2641-3086
Published by Peertechz

[75 journals]

Exploring the user’s preferences of different adaptation policies in
adaptive menu design
- Abstract: Adaptive User Interfaces (AUIs) have been developed to improve the usability of products by adapting to the user, the platform, and the environment. However, there is a limited understanding of how different adaptation policies impact personalization and usability in adaptive menus. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different adaptation policies in adaptive menu design. The study surveyed computer science students at Kathmandu University and conducted a usability study to gather data. The results of the study showed that a majority of participants were neutral in their perception of the ease of use of the websites they regularly visit, but a strong majority (83%) indicated a preference for personalized menu options. Personalization was found to be a key factor in the effectiveness of adaptive menus. Participants valued the ability of adaptive menus to tailor their options based on their specific needs or preferences. The findings of this study provide insight into users’ preferences for adaptation policies in adaptive menus and suggest that a recency-frequency-based menu is most effective in meeting users’ needs. Similarly, findings also suggest users’ preference for adaptation policy also changes based on the context of use. Future research could further investigate the effectiveness of different adaptation policies in different contexts of use.
  PubDate: 15 Feb, 2023
Effects of using augmented reality on students’ learning
- Abstract: This article presents the results of a systematic review of the literature regarding the effects of using Augmented Reality (AR) on the learning of science students (Natural Sciences and Biology).The PRISMA methodology was used. Ten articles were selected from indexed journals, in a period of time between 2010 and 2022, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The main inclusion criteria were: only articles with students from Basic and Secondary Education (equivalent to ISCED 2 and 3) and that report results in students’ learning. The main exclusion criteria were: duplicate articles and those that did not present a teaching strategy associated with the use of AR. The databases consulted were Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, EBSCO and Web of Science. Eight out of ten of the selected articles used an experimental methodology.The results indicate that AR had positive effects on students’ learning and motivation, as well as on other variables such as visuospatial skills and student involvement in tasks.
  PubDate: 07 Feb, 2023
AI trends in digital humanities research
- Abstract: Recent advances in specialised equipment and computational methods had a significant impact in the Humanities and, particularly, cultural heritage and archaeology research. Nowadays, digital technology applications contribute in a daily basis to the recording, preservation, research and dissemination of cultural heritage. Digitisation is the defining practice that bridges science and technology with the Humanities, either in the tangible or in the intangible forms. The digital replicas support a wide range of studies and the opening of new horizons in the Humanities research. Furthermore, advances in artificial intelligence methods and their successful application in core technical domains opened up new possibilities to support Humanities research in particularly demanding and challenging tasks. This paper focuses on the forthcoming future of intelligent applications in archaeology and cultural heritage, by reviewing recent developments ranging from deep and reinforcement learning approaches to recommendation technologies in the extended reality domain.
  PubDate: 29 Jun, 2022
Balancing the Benefits and Ethical Concerns of Using Robots
- Abstract: Over the past few decades accelerating improvements in the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have enabled robots to perform ever more complicated and personalized tasks with greater autonomy that can at times surpass the ability of humans.
  PubDate: 26 Nov, 2022
OG-SLAM: A real-time and high-accurate monocular visual SLAM framework
- Abstract: The challenge of improving the accuracy of monocular Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is considered, which widely appears in computer vision, autonomous robotics, and remote sensing. A new framework (ORB-GMS-SLAM (or OG-SLAM)) is proposed, which introduces the region-based motion smoothness into a typical Visual SLAM (V-SLAM) system. The region-based motion smoothness is implemented by integrating the Oriented Fast and Rotated Brief (ORB) features and the Grid-based Motion Statistics (GMS) algorithm into the feature matching process. The OG-SLAM significantly reduces the absolute trajectory error (ATE) on the key-frame trajectory estimation without compromising the real-time performance. This study compares the proposed OG-SLAM to an advanced V-SLAM system (ORB-SLAM2). The results indicate the highest accuracy improvement of almost 75% on a typical RGB-D SLAM benchmark. Compared with other ORB-SLAM2 settings (1800 key points), the OG-SLAM improves the accuracy by around 20% without losing performance in real-time. The OG-SLAM framework has a significant advantage over the ORB-SLAM2 system in that it is more robust for rotation, loop-free, and long ground-truth length scenarios. Furthermore, as far as the authors are aware, this framework is the first attempt to integrate the GMS algorithm into the V-SLAM.
  PubDate: 26 Jul, 2022
Current trends in heterogeneous systems: A review
- Abstract: Looking at the heterogeneous system, this paper touches on the architecture of heterogeneous systems, program models, and some challenges in this field. Heterogeneous systems have become an important development trend in the current high-performance computing field. Heterogeneous systems can be seen from smartwatches, mobile phones and laptops to server systems. This paper will explore different types of heterogeneous systems such as CPU-GPU architecture, and ARM big. Little architecture. The program model for different types of heterogeneous systems where we will see how different architecture heterogeneous systems work. Then we will see some of the challenges in the heterogeneous system and finally some recommendations for future work.
  PubDate: 24 Nov, 2022
Comparative evaluation of wind resources using the computer tool WAPs,
case study of Mecheria West Algeria
- Abstract: The aim of this work is to assess the wind potential in the Mecheriaregion, located in Western Algerian Hautes plains that are characterized by an important elevation average between 800m and 1400m, which has a major impact on wind speed acceleration. Using ten years of collected data from 2011 to 2021, the statistical analysis gives an annual mean wind speed equal to 5.6 m/s at 10m hub height above the ground level. Then four main types of wind turbines: NEG-Micon 44/750 kW, Nordex N50/800 kW, Vestas V50/850 kW and PowerWind 56/900 kW. are compared and analyzed using WAsP software to obtain the annual wind characteristics A, k, V and P for each wind turbine and select the most appropriate technology in the study area. Furthermore, an economic analysis was carried out by RETScreen software, to select the turbine that produces low cost and high capacity factors, and the results show that PwerWind 56 turbine is the most suitable one for the selected site.
  PubDate: 23 Sep, 2022
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Reasoned-action Theories (TRA, TPB, IBM)
for Explaining Low E-commerce Adoption in a Developing Country: A
Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach AI trends in digital
humanities research
- Abstract: This paper explains the process of e-commerce adoption through reasoned action theories (theory of reasoned action (TRA), theory of planned behavior (TPB), and integrated behavioral model (IBM)) in a developing country. Owing to a lack of precedent in the study settings, the study first validated empirical scales for measuring psychosocial drivers of behavior using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Subsequently, the study validated the aforementioned models using structural equation modeling, and also integrated sociodemographic characteristics as precursor variables in the model with the greatest predictive power. Results depicted that while TRA and TPB explain behavior well, it is IBM that is the most effective in explaining online consumer behavior, and underlined the importance of using volitional, sociodemographic, and individual-level factors (knowledge of e-commerce and environmental constraints to use e-commerce) to explain online consumer behavior. The study has numerous implications for e-commerce vendors operating in developing countries as the validated scales and models can be used to assess individual perceptions regarding e-commerce and to design effective communication strategies, respectively.
  PubDate: 22 Jul, 2022
High-precision blood glucose prediction and hypoglycemia warning based on
the LSTM-GRU model
- Abstract: Objective: The performance of blood glucose prediction and hypoglycemia warning based on the LSTM-GRU (Long Short Term Memory - Gated Recurrent Unit) model was evaluated.Methods: The research objects were 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) who were chosen from Henan Provincial People’s Hospital. Their continuous blood glucose curves of 72 hours were acquired by a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). The blood glucose levels were predicted based on the LSTM, GRU and LSTM-GRU models, respectively. Analyses of the best predictive model were performed using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and correlation analysis between the prediction blood glucose level and the original blood glucose level acquired by CGMS and Clark Error Grid Analysis (EGA). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze whether the RMSE values of the three models were statistically significant. 60 patients who had experienced hypoglycemia among 100 cases were selected for hypoglycemia warning. The sensitivity, false-positive rate and false-negative rate were used to evaluate the hypoglycemia warning performance of the LSTM-GRU model. This paper explored the changing relationship of the hypoglycemia warning performance of the model over time.Results: The predicted blood glucose levels of the three models were strongly correlated with the blood glucose levels acquired by CGMS (p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient (R-value) of the LSTM-GRU model remained stable over time (R = 0.995), nevertheless, a reduction in the R-value of the LSTM and GRU models when the Prediction Horizon (PH) was 30 min or longer. When PH was 15min, 30min, 45min and 60min, the mean RMSE values of the LSTM-GRU model were 0.259, 0.272, 0.275 and 0.278 (mmol/l), respectively, which were lower than the LSTM and GRU models and the RMSE values were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The EGA results showed the LSTM-GRU model had the highest proportion in zones A and B, as the PH extended. When PH was 30min or longer, the sensitivity and false-negative rate of the hypoglycemia warning of the LSTM-GRU model had subtle changes and the false-positive rate remained stable over time.Conclusions: The LSTM-GRU model demonstrated good performance in blood glucose prediction and hypoglycemia warning.
  PubDate: 20 Sep, 2022
The resistance of leds to the effects of gamma radiation in various
operating modes
- Abstract: The effect of active and passive power modes on the resistance of the LEDs (LEDs) made of multilayer AlGaAs heterostructures to gamma-quantum irradiation was studied. Three characteristic stages of emission power reduction during irradiation are distinguished for the studied LEDs irrespective of the power supply mode. When irradiating LEDs in the active power supply mode, two differently directed processes of changes in the emission power are observed. The assumption is made that the first process is caused by a decrease in the LED emission power due to the injection of appropriate radiation defects. The second process is caused by a partial recovery of the emission power due to radiation, radiation-thermal, and/or electrostimulated annealing of some of the defects created. The observed recovery of the emission power in the active power mode of the LED during irradiation significantly increases its resistance to gamma-ray irradiation.
  PubDate: 20 Dec, 2022
On some problems in economic dynamics are solved using reliable computing
experiment
- Abstract: In this brief overview, we give examples of economic dynamics problems with references to works in which such problems are studied using modern computer technologies, as well as to works that provide a theoretical basis for such studies. Following [1, 657], by reliable computing experiment (RCE) we mean such purposeful computer calculations combined with analytical studies that lead to the strict establishment of new facts (theorems).
  PubDate: 20 Aug, 2022
The SIMUS method addresses two important MCDM drawbacks: Getting different
results for the same problem, and the inability to model complex scenarios
- Abstract: This paper considers that actual methods for addressing MODM or MCDM scenarios share two shortcomings along these lines: a) Failing to show equal results when different MCDM methods solve the same problem. b) Inability to replicate actual scenarios, by not taking into account existing conditions, and thus, producing an approximate representation of reality, which obviously, renders not reliable results. This paper shows how the SIMUS method addresses these two shortcomings.
  PubDate: 19 Mar, 2022
Adaptive menu: A review of adaptive user interface
- Abstract: Intelligent User Interface (IUI) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area that focuses on improving the usability of existing user interfaces. Adaptive menus are the part of the IUI that is trying to improve existing menus’ usability by reducing the selection time. This paper surveys the most relevant studies that are carried out in this field. First, it introduces an Adaptive User Interface (AUI) and adaptive menus then describe various adaptation styles and adaptation policies that are being used in adaptive menus along with their benefits and drawbacks. It then lists the applications of adaptive systems and how they can be used, as well as the limitations and future direction of the work.
  PubDate: 13 Dec, 2022
Promoting entrepreneurship in science education: Insights into curricular
goals
- Abstract: This study aims to examine whether elementary science curricula can be combined with the teaching of entrepreneurship, based on the approach of Lackéus, which is considered an important point of focus for present-day education systems. Entrepreneurship is not commonly handled as an autonomous subject. According to relevant approaches, teaching entrepreneurship relies on certain competencies, knowledge, skills, and attitudes. This research aims to identify whether science curricula include these competencies and can assist in developing entrepreneurial qualities. The data for the research was derived from the science curricula of 16 different countries or regions. Findings showed that there are entrepreneurial competencies in the curricula examined.
  PubDate: 12 Apr, 2022
A Blockchain-based privacy preserving mechanism for mobile crowdsensing
- Abstract: In blockchain-based mobile crowdsensing, reporting of real-time data is stored on a public blockchain in which the address of every user/node is public. Now, the problem lies in the fact that if their addresses get shown to adversaries, all their transactions history is also going to be revealed. Therefore, crowdsensing demands a little privacy preservation strategy in which the identity of a user is unable to be revealed to an adversary or we can say that crowd sensors while reporting the real-time data must provide some level of anonymity to crowdsensing users/nodes [1]. The current crowdsensing architecture is not secure because of its centralized nature and the reason is a single point of failure also numerous kinds of attacks are possible by adversaries such as linkage attacks, Sybil attacks, and DDOS attacks to get the identity or any other valuable information about the nodes. The location of crowd sensors is also a threat that could lead to adversarial attacks. Consequently, some blockchain-based models must be proposed to attain privacy on the blockchain ledger. The solution can either be made up crowdsensing environment on a private blockchain or smart contracts may be the answer to this problem by which we can make the users secure from several attacks conducted by adversaries on the blockchain.
  PubDate: 11 Feb, 2022
The role of the ERP system in the rapid increase of production
- Abstract: ERP systems can play a crucial role in the company’s ability to adapt to new situations and unexpected changes. This paper deals with the example of a company that unexpectedly, after several years of stagnation, got the opportunity to double its production. The main challenge was not only the increase in production but also the additional requirements for the traceability of individual packages of raw materials and individual packages of finished products. An additional request was a completely different method of product costing and production order settlement than previously used.The management reacted quickly and took all the necessary steps to adjust the existing production lines and the existing ERP system to the new requirements. While local managers took care of the adjustment of production lines, an experienced SAP consultant was hired to work on the necessary adjustments to the ERP system and design the interface with external systems. He took over all communication with developers of external systems. A central project team was formed, which decided on the way in which the change of all parts of the ERP system will take place, primarily in terms of the time planning of the necessary actions. The plan was completely successful. In just 5 months, the production lines were technically adjusted and prepared for the new production method. At the same time, the ERP system was completely revised and supplemented with requested new functionalities, including the creation of all necessary interfaces with external systems for scanning individual packages. The management’s final assessment is that this would not have been possible without first having a fast and robust ERP system.
  PubDate: 06 Dec, 2022
Best design practices & strategy to launch your own NFT project
- Abstract: The term ‘non-fungible’ is used in economics to denote the possession of unique objects and to describe things that cannot be replaced by others because they have a set of unique properties. A ‘token’ as a unit of account is a record in a distributed blockchain that is controlled by a computer algorithm of a smart contract, in which the values of the balances on the accounts of token holders are recorded, making it possible to transfer them from one wallet to another. Thus, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) refer to cryptographic tokens that represent digital files, images, audio, video, video game collectibles, and other creative products. Unlike cryptocurrency, which requires all tokens to be identical, each collected NFT token is unique or limited in quantity.
  PubDate: 05 Mar, 2022
CenterYou: Android privacy made easier the Cloud Way
- Abstract: The Smartphone industry has expanded significantly over the last few years. According to the available data, each year, a marked increase in the number of devices in use is observed. Most consumers opt for Smartphones due to the extensive number of software applications that can be downloaded on their devices, thus increasing their functionality. However, this growing trend of application installation brings an issue of user protection, as most applications seek permissions to access data on a user’s device. The risks this poses to sensitive data are real to both corporate and individual users. While Android has grown in popularity, this trend has not been followed by the efforts to increase the security of its users. This is a well-known set of problems, and prior solutions have approached it from the ground up; that is, they have focused on implementing reasonable security policies within Android’s open-source kernel. While these solutions have achieved the goals of improving Android with such security policies, they are severely hampered by the way in which they have been implemented them. In this work, a framework referred to as CenterYou is proposed to overcome these issues. It applies pseudo data technique and cloud-based decision-making system to scan and protect Smartphone devices from unnecessarily requested permissions by installed applications and identifies potential privacy leakages. The current paper demonstrated all aspects of the CenterYou application technical design. The work presented here provides a significant contribution to the field, as the technique based on pseudo data is used in the actual permissions administration of Android applications. Moreover, this system is user and cloud-driven, rather than being governed by over-privileged applications.
  PubDate: 02 Sep, 2022
About Segmath, a new Cerebral Vascular Segmentation Software after CTA
- Abstract: Objectives: The new segmentation software Segmath delivers a 3D view of the cerebral vascular structures without superposition of bony or other structures. This will, according to the literature, improve the workflow of stroke patients and increase the occlusion detection rate on the original CTA.Materials and methods: The software written in MATLAB is based on the analysis of the local Hessian matrix with new original functions of the resulting local eigenvalues. No user intervention in the segmentation process is needed.Results: The validation of the new software yields good results both with synthetic data and real CTA’s. Conclusion: This segmentation software is a powerful additional diagnostic tool available to radiologists and neurologists examining and treating stroke patients. This will improve the workflow of suspected stroke patients.
  PubDate: 02 Dec, 2022