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International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research
Number of Followers: 8

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1925-7066
Published by KBS

[1 journal]

Alcohol and childhood adversity, future health workers, improved
consumption estimates and a new research agenda
- Authors: Neo Morojele, Anne-Marie Laslett
  Pages: 1 - 2
  PubDate: 2022-12-29
  DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.409
  Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 1 (2022)
Childhood neglect is associated with low affect and high stress in
habitual alcohol drinkers
- Authors: Hope Peterson, Paul J. Laurienti, W. Jack Rejeski, Jason Fanning, Lise Gauvin
  Pages: 3 - 14
  Abstract: Objective: Adverse childhood experiences, ranging from childhood trauma to neglect or mistreatment, show associations with alcohol dependence in adulthood. Alcohol researchers have not yet clearly demonstrated the potential impact of childhood maltreatment on everyday drinking in alcohol consumers who do not have an alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study examined whether a history of childhood neglect results in differential ratings of stress, affect, and desire to drink, during typical alcohol consumption in moderate to heavy drinkers without an AUD. Methods: The parent study from which these analyses were generated recruited overall healthy, albeit moderate to heavy alcohol users who fell above National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) classifications for low-risk drinking. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) responses were collected, and real-time surveys were collected in participants’ natural environments approximately every three hours between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. using iPhones equipped with a study-created application probing stress, affect, and desire for alcohol, while participants followed their typical drinking routine (3 days) and during a brief period of imposed abstinence (3 days). Results: Thirty-six participants averaging 41 years of age and consuming an average of 17 (±5) drinks per week participated in this study. CTQ responses showed low prevalence of childhood abuse, but moderate to high emotional (M = 17.39, SD = 6.77) and physical neglect (M = 11.11, SD = 3.31) scores. Multilevel modeling revealed significantly higher stress and lower affect ratings among participants reporting higher physical neglect. Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with decreased stress, and increased affect and desire for alcohol. A significant interaction showed that as childhood physical neglect ratings increased, the benefits observed following drinking (of decreased stress, and increased affect and desire for alcohol) were reduced. Conclusions: These results suggest that moderate to heavy healthy daily drinkers with histories of greater childhood physical neglect experience poorer mood and higher stress on a daily basis, with smaller improvement experienced from drinking alcohol. Among moderate to heavy daily drinkers without an AUD, those with greater childhood physical neglect experience poorer mood and higher stress on a daily basis, and have smaller improvements in stress, affect and desire while/following drinking alcohol than those with less childhood physical neglect.
  PubDate: 2022-12-29
  DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.399
  Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 1 (2022)
Problematic alcohol consumption, knowledge of recommended drinking limits,
drinks, and health risks among future health professionals in Ifakara,
Morogoro region, Tanzania
- Authors: Theophilus Gbednet Kureh, Jacquiline Mkisa Frugence, Jacquiline Liseki, Ebenezer Abimbola Morolahun, Witness Lubomba
  Pages: 15 - 23
  Abstract: Aims This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorder, drinking attitude, knowledge of standard drinks and health risks associated with alcohol consumption among health science students in Ifakara town, Morogoro region in Tanzania. Design This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted between June and October 2020 among 372 medicine and allied health students. Participants were selected from the study institutions using random sampling. Results were presented by descriptive statistics, chi- square (χ2) test for associations and logistics regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence (CI) for alcohol use disorder among participants. Results The prevalence of alcohol consumption is 39.2% with males accounting a higher prevalence among drinkers (63.7%). Ages 21-25 accounted for the highest drinking prevalence (65.8% of drinkers). There were associations between drinking and gender (p=0.002), institution of study (p=0.000) and course of study (p=0.000). Ever drinkers were about 41% of respondents. The median age of first consumption is 20.0 (IQR: 17-22). The prevalence rates of AUD (AUDIT score greater than 8) is 16.4%. Women were significantly less likely than men to report AUD (OR=0.22, 95% CI (0.11-0.47), p<0.05). Over 60% of participants did not know the number of standard drinks in commonly sold alcoholic beverages in Tanzania. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol consumption and hazardous drinking is high among health sciences students. There is also a poor knowledge of standard drinks and recommended drinking limits.
  PubDate: 2022-12-30
  DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.379
  Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 1 (2022)
Improved estimates for individual and population-level alcohol use in the
United States, 1984-2020
- Authors: Charlotte Buckley, Alan Brennan, William Kerr, Charlotte Probst, Klajdi Puka, Robin Purshouse, Jürgen Rehm
  Pages: 24 - 33
  Abstract: Aims: While nationally representative alcohol surveys are a mainstay of public health monitoring, they underestimate consumption at the population level. This paper demonstrates how to adjust individual-level survey data using aggregated alcohol per capita (APC) data for improved individual- and population-level consumption estimates. Design and methods: For the period 1984-2020 data on self-reported alcohol consumption in the past 30 days were taken from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) involving participants (18+ years) in the US. Monthly abstainers were re-allocated into lifetime abstainers, former drinkers and 12-month drinkers using the 2005 National Alcohol Survey data. To correct for under-coverage of alcohol use, we triangulated APC and survey data by upshifting quantity (average grams/ day) and frequency (drinking days/week) of alcohol use based on national and state-level alcohol per capita data. Findings The corrections described above resulted in better correspondence between survey and APC data. Following our procedure, national estimates of alcohol quantity increased from 45% to 77% of APC estimates. Both quantity and frequency of alcohol use were upshifted; by upshifting to 90% of APC, we were able to fit trends and distributions in APC patterns for individual states and the US. Conclusions: An individual-level dataset which more accurately reflects the alcohol use of US citizens was achieved. This dataset will be invaluable as a research tool and for the planning and evaluation of alcohol control policies for the US. The methodology described can also be used to adjust individual-level alcohol survey data in other geographical settings.
  PubDate: 2022-12-30
  DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.383
  Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 1 (2022)
Research agendas for alcohol policymaking in the wider world
- Authors: Robin Room, Anne-Marie Laslett, Mia Miller, Orratai Waleewong, Sawitri Assanangkornchai , Franca Beccaria, Vivek Benegal , Guilherme Borges , Gerhard Gmel , Kathryn Graham , Wei Hao, Pia Mäkelä , Neo Morojele, Hoang Thi My Hanh, Isidore Obot , Paula O'Brien , Ilana Pinsky , Bundit Sornpaisarn, Tim Stockwell
  Pages: 34 - 44
  Abstract: From comparisons of World Health Organization statistics, it is clear that people in lower-income countries experience more harms per litre of alcohol and different types of harms compared to those from higher-income countries. Yet studies in higher-income countries dominate research on policies to prevent alcohol problems. The paper reports on results of collaborative work to map priority areas for research relevant to low- and middle-income countries. Research focus areas were identified and discussed among potential coauthors from diverse fields with relevant knowledge, with agreement reached on an initial list of seven research priority areas. Areas identified include: (1) the effects of choices (e.g., national vs. local, monopoly vs. licensing system) in organising the alcohol market; (2) involvement/separation of alcohol industry interests in decisions on public health regulation; (3) options and effectiveness of global agreements on alcohol governance; (4) choices and experience in controlling unrecorded alcohol; (5) means of decreasing harm from men’s drinking to family members; (6) strategies for reducing the effects of poverty on drinking’s role in harms; and (7) measuring and addressing key alcohol-induced low-and middle-income country (LMIC) health harms: infectious diseases, injuries, digestive diseases. Paths ahead for such research are briefly outlined.
  PubDate: 2022-12-30
  DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.353
  Issue No: Vol. 10, No. 1 (2022)

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