JournalTOCs

American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.67

Citation Impact (citeScore): 2
Number of Followers: 21

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1533-3175 - ISSN (Online) 1938-2731
Published by Sage Publications

[1174 journals]

Screening of Crucial Differentially-Methylated/Expressed Genes for
Alzheimer’s Disease
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  Authors: Haiyuan Qiu, Qiuyan Weng
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Background: We aimed to make an integrated analysis of published transcriptome and DNA methylation dataset to ascertain the key differentially methylated and differentially expressed genes for Alzherimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Two gene expression microarrays and 1 gene methylation microarray were downloaded for identification of differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated genes. Then, we used various biological information databases to annotate the functions of the differentially-methylated/expressed genes, and screen out key genes and important signaling pathways. Finally, we validate the differentially-methylated/expressed genes in the additional online datasets and in blood from AD patients.Results: A total of 8 hub hypomethylated-high expression genes were obtained, including Rac family small GTPase 2, FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase, LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase, protein kinase C delta, myosin IF, integrin subunit alpha 5, semaphorin 4D, and growth arrest specific protein 7. Some enriched signaling pathways of hypomethylated-high expression genes were identified, including regulation of actin cytoskeleton, chemokine signaling pathway, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, and axon guidance. Conclusion: Differentially-methylated/expressed genes are likely to be associated with AD.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-07-18T02:51:17Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221116220
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
The Influence of Dementia Beliefs and Knowledge on Perceived Dementia
Worry: An Empirical Study Among Adults in Rural China
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  Authors: Meng Liu, Fei Sun, Chuntian Lu, Jinchen Xie
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are more prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas in China. This study aims to examine the role of dementia beliefs and knowledge in influencing dementia worry among rural adults in China. Data were generated in a cross-sectional survey of 577 participants. Hierarchical regression analyses found that both the beliefs and knowledge of dementia contributed to higher levels of dementia worry. The propensity score matching method affirmed the robustness of regression results. In addition, those aged 45-64 reported higher worry about dementia than those aged 65 or older, while being married was related to lower dementia worry. As one of the first kind studies that examined dementia worry in rural Chinese population, our findings suggest that policy and practice efforts should address cultural beliefs of dementia as they contributed to higher worry about dementia in rural areas.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-07-15T06:16:34Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221112143
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Urinary AD7c-NTP Evaluates Cognition Impairment and Differentially
Diagnoses AD and MCI
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  Authors: Ming-Ran Xu, Rong-Fang Dai, Qing-Qi Wei, Jun Wang, Yue-Ying Feng, Ying Hu
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  The AD7c-NTP is a promising biomarker for AD diagnosis. However, the exact urinary AD7c-NTP concentration to differentiate AD from the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains inconclusive. We enrolled 98 and 90 clinical defined AD and MCI patients, respectively, and access their cognition impairment with Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Mental State Examination (MMSE) along with their urinary AD7c-NTP. We demonstrated that urinary AD7c-NTP level in sequence from high to low was AD, MCI, and healthy groups (P < .01), and the AD7c-NTP was positively and negatively correlated with the NPI and MMSE scores, respectively. Additionally, AD7c-NTP well-matched NPI subscale scores, including agitation, depression, and apathy (P < .05). Importantly, the optimal cut-off AD7c-NTP level to distinguish the AD and MCI was .94 ng/mL (sensitivity 85.71% & specificity 73.91%). Conclusively, urinary AD7c-NTP could be used for cognition impairment evaluation and differentiated diagnosis of AD and MCI.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-07-14T12:08:02Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221115247
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 May Promote Survival of Human
Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease
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  Authors: Xin Xu, Xiangyan Ruan, Rui Ju, Zhikun Wang, Yu Yang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Muqing Gu, Alfred O. Mueck
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Cerebrovascular changes occur in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The progesterone receptor membrane component-1 (PGRMC1) is a well identified hormone receptor with multiple functions in AD. This study aims to explore the involvement of PGRMC1 in the regulation of vascular endothelial function, providing new therapy options for AD. Single-cell sequencing revealed that the expression of PGRMC1 is lower in AD. By bioinformatics analysis, we found PGRMC1 was associated with regulation of cell proliferation, angiogenesis and etc. To understand the functional significance of PGRMC1, knockdown and overexpression were performed using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs), respectively. Cell proliferation assay, migration assay, tube formation assay were performed in experiments. We demonstrated that the overexpression of PGRMC1 promoted the cellular processes associated with endothelia cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, significantly. In conclusion, PGRMC1 may contribute to the modulation of HBMVECs function in AD. This finding may offer novel targets for AD treatment.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-06-22T08:29:20Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221109749
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
A Functional Assessment Tool to Distinguish Controls From
Alzheimer’s Disease in Lima, Peru
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  Authors: Nilton Custodio, Rosa Montesinos, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Eder Herrera-Perez, Maritza Pintado-Caipa, Wendy Seminario G, José Cuenca, Laura Mesía, Virgilio E Failoc-Rojas, Monica M Diaz
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  BackgroundThe Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) scale is a versatile functional assessment tool for patients with Alzheimer’s disease (ad). We evaluated its performance in controls, Peruvians with MCI or AD.MethodsA cross-sectional study of older adults attending a neurology institute in Lima (Peru) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), ad or cognitively healthy. Test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC; internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha) and validity were assessed.ResultsWe enrolled 276 individuals (ad: 113, MCI: 68, controls: 95) with no age, sex, educational level, and depressive symptom differences. Reliability was ideal (ICC: .996), and Cronbach’s alpha was adequate (.937). The ADCS-ADL could not differentiate MCI from controls but did differentiate ad severity. The ADCS-ADL correlated highly with nearly all tools.ConclusionsThe ADCS-ADL scale is reliable in a population with ad in Lima, Peru. Future work may validate a tool for Peruvians with lower educational levels.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-06-03T10:10:11Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221104354
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Bilingualism as a Contributor to Cognitive Reserve: What it Can do and
What it Cannot do
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  Authors: Matthias Berkes, Ellen Bialystok
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  In the absence of effective pharmacological interventions for the prevention of dementia, attention has turned to lifestyle factors that contribute to cognitive reserve. Although cognitive reserve cannot prevent the occurrence of disease, the trajectory is different for high reserve and low reserve patients, giving more time for independent living to high reserve individuals. We argue that lifelong bilingual experience meets the criteria for an experience that confers cognitive reserve, although neural reserve, a related concept, is more difficult to validate. Bilingual patients show symptoms at a later stage of disease and decline more rapidly than comparable monolingual patients. These patterns are considered in terms of evidence from behavioural, imaging and epidemiological studies. Finally, the role of bilingualism in protecting against symptoms of some forms of dementia are discussed in the context of other protective factors and the limits of this reserve approach in dealing with the consequences of dementia.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-04-26T11:58:02Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221091417
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Validation of Picture Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test for
Illiteracy in Lima, Peru
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  Authors: Rosa Montesinos, Jose F. Parodi, Monica M. Diaz, Eder Herrera-Perez, Elizabeth Valeriano-Lorenzo, Ambar Soto, Carolina Delgado, Andrea Slachevsky, Nilton Custodio
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Dementia in Latin America is a crucial public health problem. Identifying brief cognitive screening (BCS) tools for the primary care setting is crucial, particularly for illiterate individuals. We evaluated tool performance characteristics and validated the free and total recall sections of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test-Picture version (FCSRT-Picture) to discriminate between 63 patients with early Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD), 60 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 64 cognitively healthy Peruvian individuals with illiteracy from an urban area. Clinical, functional, and cognitive assessments were performed. FCSRT-Picture performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The mean ± standard deviation scores were 7.7 ± 1.0 in ADD, 11.8 ± 1.6 in aMCI, and 29.5 ± 1.8 in controls. The FCSRT-Picture had better performance characteristics for distinguishing controls from aMCI compared with several other BCS tools, but similar characteristics between controls and early ADD. The FCSRT-Picture is a reliable BCS tool for illiteracy in Peru.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-04-24T08:37:25Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221094396
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
The Involvement of lncRNA HOTAIR/miR-130a-3p Axis in the Regulation of
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  Authors: Jianxia Lu, Lihua Liu, Jin Chen, Juan Zhi, Jiabin Li, Le Li, Zhongli Jiang
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease and exercises might mitigate the progression of AD. This investigation aimed to manifest the potential mechanism of exercises in AD.MethodsMorris water maze (MWM) test was conducted to evaluate the cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of HOTAIR and miR-130a-3p. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to appraise the concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. A luciferase report experiment was implemented to substantiate the relationship between miR-130a-3p and HOTAIR.ResultsExercises contributed to the elevated expression of HOTAIR. The findings of MWM implied HOTAIR inhibited the impacts of voluntary exercises on escape latency, distance moved, percentage of time spent in the target quadrant, platform crossing times, and inflammation. MiR-130a-3p mediated the function of HOTAIR on cognitive ability and inflammation.ConclusionHOTAIR participated in the regulation of exercises on AD by sponging miR-130a-3p.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-04-20T05:51:32Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221091424
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Emotion Processing Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Overview of
Behavioral Findings, Systems Neural Correlates, and Underlying Neural
Biology
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  Authors: Shefali Chaudhary, Simon Zhornitsky, Herta H. Chao, Christopher H. van Dyck, Chiang-Shan R. Li
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  We described behavioral studies to highlight emotional processing deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The findings suggest prominent deficit in recognizing negative emotions, pronounced effect of positive emotion on enhancing memory, and a critical role of cognitive deficits in manifesting emotional processing dysfunction in AD. We reviewed imaging studies to highlight morphometric and functional markers of hippocampal circuit dysfunction in emotional processing deficits. Despite amygdala reactivity to emotional stimuli, hippocampal dysfunction conduces to deficits in emotional memory. Finally, the reviewed studies implicating major neurotransmitter systems in anxiety and depression in AD supported altered cholinergic and noradrenergic signaling in AD emotional disorders. Overall, the studies showed altered emotions early in the course of illness and suggest the need of multimodal imaging for further investigations. Particularly, longitudinal studies with multiple behavioral paradigms translatable between preclinical and clinical models would provide data to elucidate the time course and underlying neurobiology of emotion processing dysfunction in AD.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-03-31T03:12:22Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221082834
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Different Exercise Time on 5-HT and Anxiety-like Behavior in the Rat With
Vascular Dementia
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  Authors: Yongzhao Fan, Linlin Zhang, Xiaoyang Kong, Kun Liu, Hao Wu
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that pre-exercise suppresses anxiety-like behavior, but the effects of different exercise times on vascular dementia induced anxiety-like behavior have not been well investigated.ObjectiveThe present study aims to investigate the underlying neurochemical mechanism of different pre-vascular-dementia exercise times on 5-HT and anxiety-like behavior in rats with vascular dementia.Methods32 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group (S group, n = 8), vascular dementia group (VD group, n = 8), 1-week physical exercise and vascular dementia group (1WVD group, n = 8), and 4 weeks physical exercise and vascular dementia group (4WVD group, n = 8). 1 week and 4 weeks of voluntary wheel running were used as pre-exercise training. The vascular dementia model was established by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAo) for 1 week. But bilateral common carotid arteries were not ligated in the sham group. The level of hippocampal 5-HT was detected with in vivo microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (MD-HPLC). Elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and light/dark box test were used to test anxiety-like behavior.ResultsCompared with the C group, the hippocampal 5-HT was significantly decreased in the VD group after 1 week of ligated operation. The hippocampal 5-HT levels in 1WVD and 4WVD groups were substantially higher than the level in the VD group. The hippocampal 5-HT level has no significant difference among C, 1WVD, and 4WVD. Behavioral data suggested that the rats in the VD group developed obvious anxiety-like behavior after 1 week of ligation surgery. Still, the rats in 1WVD and 4WVD groups did not show significant anxiety-like behavior.ConclusionBoth 1 week and 4 weeks of voluntary running wheel exercise can inhibit the anxiety-like behavior in rats with vascular dementia by upregulating 5-HT levels in the hippocampus in the VD model.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-03-28T04:02:31Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221082743
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Using a Non-Wearable Actigraphy in Nursing Care for Dementia With Lewy
Bodies
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  Authors: Chiaki Fukuda, Yoko Higami, Kazue Shigenobu, Hideki Kanemoto, Miyae Yamakawa
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  People who have dementia with Lewy bodies often have sleep disorders. We used non-wearable devices to record and categorize the sleep patterns of patients with Lewy body dementia. Individual sleep data at a dementia–care unit in Japan were recorded using non-wearables. One week’s worth of data from 18 patients was analyzed. Median metrics for all participants were the following: sleep efficiency, 68% (23-89); sleep duration at night, 6.8 hours (1.6-11.1); times getting out of bed at night, 3.5 (0-13). We identified three types of abnormal sleep: extremely short sleep duration, excessive sleep duration at night, and excessive number of times getting out of bed at night. Sleep disturbances in Lewy body dementia patients are treated using various practices; staff must choose the most effective plan for each patient’s situation. Monitoring patient sleep using non-wearable provides more objective data that can help staff better personalize nursing care.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-03-28T01:27:47Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221082747
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Regulation of the Late Onset alzheimer’s Disease Associated
HLA-DQA1/DRB1 Expression
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  Authors: Xiaoyu Zhang, Meijaun Zou, Yuwei Wu, Danli Jiang, Ting Wu, Yihan Zhao, Di Wu, Jing Cui, Gang Li
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  (Genome-wide Association Studies) GWAS have identified ∼42 late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD)-associated loci, each of which contains multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in linkage disequilibrium (LD) and most of these SNPs are in the non-coding region of human genome. However, how these SNPs regulate risk gene expression remains unknown. In this work, by using a set of novel techniques, we identified 6 functional SNPs (fSNPs) rs9271198, rs9271200, rs9281945, rs9271243, and rs9271247 on the LOAD-associated HLA-DRB1/DQA1 locus and 42 proteins specifically binding to five of these 6 fSNPs. As a proof of evidence, we verified the allele-specific binding of GATA2 and GATA3, ELAVL1 and HNRNPA0, ILF2 and ILF3, NFIB and NFIC, as well as CUX1 to these five fSNPs, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrate that all these nine proteins regulate the expression of both HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DRB1 in human microglial cells. The contribution of HLA class II to the susceptibility of LOAD is discussed.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-03-27T03:11:10Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221085066
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Adverse Outcomes Associated With Off-Label Agents Used to Treat Dementia
Patients With Psychosis: A Case-Control Medicare Database Study
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  Authors: Nazia Rashid, James B. Wetmore, Muna Irfan, Victor Abler
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  IntroductionCurrently, there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies to treat dementia-related psychosis (DRP). This study investigated the association between using antipsychotics and the anticonvulsant divalproex (sodium valproate) to manage DRP and adverse outcomes.MethodsA retrospective case/control matching study evaluated the risk of mortality, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), ischemic stroke, and cardiac arrest/ventricular arrhythmia (CA/VA) with ever-use of antipsychotics/divalproex in patients with DRP vs never-use.Results49 509 patients were included; 76.8% used an antipsychotic/divalproex. Treatment ever-use was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.10-1.18) and a smaller increase in the risk of EPS (1.10; 1.00-1.19) relative to never-use (adjusted for matching demographic variables, comorbid conditions, and disability).ConclusionsCurrent agents used for DRP were associated with increased risk of death and adverse outcomes. An increased risk of death was evident within 3 months of antipsychotic/divalproex initiation and persisted with long-term use.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-03-25T07:58:10Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221081374
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Improving Prediction of Amyloid Deposition in Mild Cognitive Impairment
With a Timed Motor Task
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  Authors: Sydney Y. Schaefer, Kevin Duff, Andrew Hooyman, John M. Hoffman
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Cortical amyloid deposition is one of the hallmark biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, given how cost- and time-intensive amyloid imaging can be, there is a continued need for a low-cost, non-invasive, and accessible enrichment strategy to pre-screen individuals for their likelihood of amyloid prior to imaging. Previous work supports the use of coordinated limb movement as a potential screening tool, even after controlling for cognitive and daily function. Thirty-six patients diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment over the age of 65 underwent 18F-Flutemetamol amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and then completed a timed motor task involving upper limb coordination. This task takes ∼5 minutes to administer and score. Multivariate linear regression and receiver operator characteristic analyses showed that including motor task performance improved model prediction of amyloid burden. Results support the rationale for including functional upper extremity motor assessment as a cost- and time-effective means to screen participants for amyloid deposition.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-02-24T04:11:16Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211048262
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Associations Between Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Psychiatric Symptoms
in Dementia With Lewy Bodies Without Parkinsonism
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  Authors: Tomonori Murayama, Seiju Kobayashi, Tomotaka Ishida, Kumiko Utsumi, Chiaki Kawanishi
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Because dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has various psychiatric symptoms, early diagnosis in patients without parkinsonism is difficult. To reveal associations between regional brain perfusion and psychiatric symptoms in DLB patients without parkinsonism, we quantified brain perfusion using an automated brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography analysis program, FineSRT. We statistically analyzed the differences in brain perfusion between groups, divided by the presence or absence of psychiatric symptoms. In DLB patients with depression, there were significant brain perfusion increases in the left angular gyrus and right upper precuneus. In DLB patients with visual hallucinations, there were significant decreases in the left inferior parietal lobule, left superior temporal gyrus, and right primary visual cortex. In DLB patients with auditory hallucinations, there were significant increases in the right middle occipital and right inferior occipital gyri. Our findings provide clues about the pathomechanisms of psychiatric symptoms and may enable early diagnosis of DLB in the future.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-02-16T05:40:06Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221075109
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Neuropathogenesis, Deterioration of Hippocampal
Neurogenesis and Dementia
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  Authors: Risna K. Radhakrishnan, Mahesh Kandasamy
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  A significant portion of COVID-19 patients and survivors display marked clinical signs of neurocognitive impairments. SARS-CoV-2-mediated peripheral cytokine storm and its neurotropism appear to elicit the activation of glial cells in the brain proceeding to neuroinflammation. While adult neurogenesis has been identified as a key cellular basis of cognitive functions, neuroinflammation-induced aberrant neuroregenerative plasticity in the hippocampus has been implicated in progressive memory loss in ageing and brain disorders. Notably, recent histological studies of post-mortem human and experimental animal brains indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs neurogenic process in the hippocampus of the brain due to neuroinflammation. Considering the facts, this article describes the prominent neuropathogenic characteristics and neurocognitive impairments in COVID-19 and emphasizes a viewpoint that neuroinflammation-mediated deterioration of hippocampal neurogenesis could contribute to the onset and progression of dementia in COVID-19. Thus, it necessitates the unmet need for regenerative medicine for the effective management of neurocognitive deficits in COVID-19.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-02-08T08:07:19Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175221078418
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Association Between Dementia Development and COVID-19 among Individuals
Who Tested Negative for COVID-19 in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study
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  Authors: Namwoo Kim, Sungtaek Son, Saemina Kim, Jieun Lee, Yong Min Ahn, Dong Keon Yon, Bong-Jin Hahm
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  We aim to assess whether the number of newly diagnosed dementia increases and whether comorbid psychiatric symptoms of patients with dementia worsen, in people who were tested for COVID-19. We used electronic medical records from a nationwide cohort consisting of people who tested positive (positive group), tested negative (negative group), and those who did not receive the test (control group) for COVID-19. For people with neither a history of dementia nor mild cognitive disorder (MCI), the negative group was more likely to develop dementia than the control group, and less likely to develop MCI than the positive group. For people who already had dementia, the negative group was more likely to develop comorbid psychiatric disorders than the control group, but less likely than the positive group. These findings suggest the necessity of managing mental health not only for patients with COVID-19 but also for people who tested negative for COVID-19.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-01-20T07:36:17Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211072387
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Reassessing Diabetes and APOE Genotype as Potential Interacting Risk
Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease
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  Authors: Kaushik Ravipati, Yunxiao Chen, Joseph R. Manns
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Objective: To assess whether diabetes alone or in association with Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype increases the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 33,456 participants from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database. Results: Participants with one or two APOE ε4 alleles had 2.71 (CI:2.55–2.88) and 9.37 (CI:8.14–10.78) times higher odds of AD diagnosis, respectively, relative to those with zero ε4 alleles. In contrast, diabetic participants showed 1.07 (CI:0.96–1.18) times higher odds of AD relative to nondiabetics. Diabetes did not exacerbate the odds of AD in APOE ε4 carriers. APOE ε4 carriage was correlated with declines in long-term memory and verbal fluency, which were strongly correlated with conversion to AD. However, diabetes was correlated with working memory decline, which had a relatively weak correlation with AD. Conclusions: Unlike APOE ε4, there was little evidence that diabetes was a risk factor for AD.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-01-18T07:34:14Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211070912
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
The Auditory P50 Gating in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Case-Control Study
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  Authors: Weidong Song, Xiaohui Hu, Guohua Xie, Wentao Lai, Yang Wang, Donghui Wu
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Objective: Auditory P50 gating changed might be a neurophysiological biomarker of the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We aimed to determine the impact of MCI in auditory P50 gating. Methods: All recruited participants completed structured questionnaires and finished auditory P50 gating measure. Results: A total of 20 MCI patients and 17 controls had been recruited. MCI patients had a significant higher reduction of P50 gating at Fz site, when compared to controls (1.21 ± .68 vs .66 ± .37, P = .00). Zero point five was the best cut off point to distinguish MCI and control of auditory P50 gating S2/S1 at Fz site. The P50 average amplitude at Pz site in MCI patients was significantly higher than controls (2.62 ± 1.20 vs 1.70 ± .74, P = .01). Conclusion: MCI patients might have impaired the ability of inhibiting the repeated stimulus.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-01-13T06:10:44Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211068966
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Perceived Stress in Older Dementia Caregivers: Mediation by Loneliness and
Depression
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  Authors: Guerry Peavy, Ann M. Mayo, Cynthia Avalos, Amanda Rodriguez, Benjamin Shifflett, Steven D. Edland
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  Coupled with aging, chronic stress experienced by dementia caregivers often leads to deteriorating health. Comparing caregivers and non-caregivers, we tested whether depression and loneliness mediate the relationship between caregiver status and a measure of chronic stress, the Perceived Stress Scale. Seventy-six cognitively normal older adults (mean age 72.7) were identified as caregivers or non-caregivers based on the functional independence of a paired family member. Caregivers reported more perceived stress, depression, and loneliness than non-caregivers. Using multiple mediation analyses, we found that loneliness and depression mediated the relationship of caregiver status with perceived stress. The loneliness effect on perceived stress was both direct and via its relationship with depressive symptoms. The findings suggest loneliness as a likely point of intervention to reduce caregiver stress. Initiatives to enable caregivers to maintain or develop social relationships apart from caregiver responsibilities may mitigate stress and its negative impact on mental and physical health.
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-01-06T05:17:37Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211064756
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)
Cohort Profile: The Dementia Registry in Macao
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  Authors: Sio Mui Wong, Wen Zeng, Iek Long Lo
  Abstract: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 37, Issue , January-December 2022.
  
  Citation: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®
  PubDate: 2022-01-06T05:02:28Z
  DOI: 10.1177/15333175211067124
  Issue No: Vol. 37 (2022)