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Abstract: Abstract This study examined differential item functioning (DIF) in the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) between Chinese and White adolescents (aged 13 to 17 years) living in Canada. A series of ordinal logistic regressions were used to test for uniform and non-uniform DIF on items in the CES-D. The DIF analyses identified non-uniform DIF for Item 7 (“I felt that everything I did was an effort”). Controlling for gender and strength of ethnic identity in the DIF analyses did not alter the DIF results. The results of this study suggest that CES-D Item 7 does not appear to discriminate at higher levels of depression in Chinese adolescents. The results of this study hold notable implications for the use of the CES-D given that Chinese adolescents demonstrated a systematic difference in expression/experience of depression. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Research on Hispanic sleep (1) remains far behind research on non-Hispanic White sleep, and (2) seldom focuses solely on Hispanic women. A convergent parallel mixed-methods study design was used to examine (1) sleep quantity, quality, and habits; (2) the association of sleep and health; and (3) perceived barriers to healthy sleep in middle-aged Hispanic women living in [a large Midwest city]. A total of 78 Hispanic women were surveyed, and 27 of these Hispanic women participated in focus groups. Participants had: poor sleep quantity, quality, and sleep hygiene. In focus groups, participants identified three barriers to healthy sleep: poor sleep hygiene, responsibilities and related stress, and additional mental health concerns. While poor sleep quantity and quality have serious health consequences for Hispanic women, sleep disorders in Hispanic women have been understudied. This study underscores barriers to healthy sleep and the associations between sleep and health in Hispanic women. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Research on the association between migration and health among nonmigrant family in Jamaica is limited. Data from the 2012 Jamaica Return(ed) Migrants Study (N = 621) and weighted regression models were used to investigate the association between migration and health among left-behind women (n = 323) and men (n = 298) in Jamaica. Compared to women whose children lived in Jamaica, women who had a child abroad reported lower odds of good mental health (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.21, 0.97). Men in this situation were less satisfied with their lives (b = − 2.370, p = 0.031). Women reported better physical (b = − 2.113, p = 0.010) and mental (b = − 3.119, p = 0.039) health scores when a parent, but not a grandparent, lived abroad. Men with a migrant spouse/partner reported significantly more physical illness symptoms than men whose spouse/partner lived in Jamaica (b = 3.215, p = 0.013). Migration exerts disparate health impacts on left-behind family and may disrupt social relationships. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract This cross-sectional study explores the willingness to donate biospecimens for research purposes among six refugee communities in North Texas (spanning Myanmar, Central Africa, Somalia, Nepal, Arabic speaking countries, and others). Participants were asked four questions about biospecimen donation: (1) previously asked to donate, (2) ever agreed to donate, (3) willingness to donate for future research, and (4) what samples they would be willing to donate. Most participants (77%) were willing to donate biosamples for medical research; 58% were willing to donate samples. Fewer refugees from Somalia were willing to donate compared to immigrants from Myanmar, Central Africa, and Nepal (p < 0.01). Participants in the older age group (40 + years) were 3.2 times more likely to be willing for donation of biospecimens than the younger ones (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.22, 8.55). Findings suggest refugees’ willingness to participate in biospecimen donation which support intentional inclusion of multicultural populations into medical research. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract We examined the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and non-suicidal intentional self-harm among pregnant women in the United States stratified by race/ethnicity. Data on hospital admissions among pregnant women 15–49 years during 2016–2017 compiled in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were used for this study. We assessed the prevalence and factors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and non-suicidal intentional self-harm among different race/ethnicities. The prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and non-suicidal intentional self-harm was greatest among hospitalized Non-Hispanic (NH) Black pregnant women. As compared to pregnant women who were routinely discharged, those who died during the course of hospitalization had about eight times the odds for NH-Whites, four times the odds for NH-Blacks and five times the odds for Hispanics of suicidal ideation or attempt. Appropriate measures are needed for prompt diagnosis and management of mental health issues in pregnant women belonging to vulnerable sub-groups. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract The mortality rate of breast cancer has increased in worldwide and reported first rank of women cancer in Thailand. One an urgent concern of prevention and education on early detection is Breast Self-examination (BSE). This study aims to report the percentage of BSE and examine the associated factors with BSE among Akha women, the largest ethnic group in northern part of Thailand. A study was conducted with 296 Akha women by survey quantitative data. Descriptive statistic and Binary regression were used for analysis. The majority of the participants were 45–59 years old (51.70%), and illiterate (68.90%). The percentage of good BSE founded 19.60%. The participants who received breast information showed zero-point one three time more likely to report good BSE compared to those non receiving (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.03–0.53). Factor of susceptibility, benefit of BSE, barrier of BSE, and BSE confident were association with BSE practice. Based on findings, we recommend implementing a new practical program such as BSE media in Akha Language to promote BSE in this ethnic group. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract While Asian Indians (AIs) are the third fastest-growing Asian minority population in the United States, they fall short of the Healthy People cervical cancer screening target goals, with rates averaging 70% compared to 83% among non-Hispanic Whites. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine factors influencing cervical cancer screening behaviors among AIs in the US. Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, PsychINFO, and ProQuest databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies conducted between 1990 and 2017 that focused on cervical cancer screening behaviors among AIs in the US. The seven selected quantitative cross-sectional descriptive studies show that acculturation, length of stay in the US, age, education level, employment, cultural beliefs, and language influence cervical cancer screening behaviors among AIs in the US. Results from this systematic review inform development of culturally sensitive interventions to raise awareness and engagement in cervical cancer screening among AIs. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract We examined the effect of waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index (BMI), diet, and physical activity on cognitive functioning among Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors in a cross-sectional design study. Participants were 54 Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors and completed the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. Linear Regression Models tested if statistically significant correlations held with covariates. After controlling for covariates, moderate and hard physical activity were not associated with cognition. However, very hard physical activity was positively associated with faster processing speed (β = 0.56, p < 0.001) and composite cognition score (β = 0.36, p < 0.05). Total time (minutes) of moderate to very hard physical activity was positively associated with cognitive flexibility (β = 0.52, p < 0.001). Total caloric intake was positively associated with episodic memory (β = 0.35 p < 0.05). BMI and WHR were not associated with cognition. These findings showed positive association with engagement in more MVPA and harder intensity physical activity to better cognitive functioning among Hispanic/Latina breast cancer survivors. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02780271 PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Sexual, reproductive, and maternal health (SRMH) care in the US is highly politicized, with restrictions that impede immigrant women’s health. This review describes SRMH outcomes among immigrant women accessing publicly-funded services. We examined articles published from December 2007 to August 2020 in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Included articles (n = 9) consisted of predominantly Latina immigrant samples. The majority included a subsample of women classified as vulnerable due to low income, low educational attainment, and/or documentation status. Our search strategy included a range of SRMH outcomes; however, the majority of articles focused on prenatal care (PNC). Over half of the articles revealed that underserved immigrant women with access to Medicaid/CHIP during expansion had higher rates of PNC adequacy compared to those without access. There is a need for more research on the impact of publicly-funded services other than Medicaid on outcomes beyond PNC. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Latinxs are vulnerable to experiencing housing insecurity and less likely to receive public benefits, such as health insurance, which can impact a household’s economic resources. We inform homelessness prevention by examining the association of social risks and healthcare access with housing insecurity for Latinxs. Our sample consisted of 120,362 participants under the age of 65, of which 17.3% were Latinx. Weighted chi-squared tests and logistic regression were used to examine predictors of housing insecurity. Housing insecurity was measured as worry about paying for housing. Latinxs were almost twice as likely as non-Latinxs to worry about paying for housing. Excellent/fair health status, health service use, and having health insurance decreased the likelihood of housing insecurity for Latinxs. Access to health insurance, regardless of citizenship status, and use of preventative healthcare to maintain good health can be protective against housing insecurity. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Prior investigations have examined risk factors associated to postpartum depression in immigrant women, but depression during pregnancy has received less attention. This study describes the prevalence and early determinants of antenatal depression among recent (≤ 5 years) and long-term immigrants (> 5 years), compared to Canadian-born women. 503 women completed standardized self-report questionnaires measuring sociodemographics and psychosocial factors. Multivariate logistic regressions identified first trimester risk factors for depression in each immigrant group. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was highest for recent immigrant (25.3–30.8%) compared to long-term immigrant (16.9–19.2%) and Canadian-born women (11.7–13.8%). Among recent immigrants, multiparity, higher stress and pregnancy-specific anxiety in early pregnancy increased the risk of antenatal depression. Among long-term immigrants, stress in the first trimester was significantly associated with antenatal depressive symptoms. Knowledge of modifiable risk factors (pregnancy-specific anxiety and stress) may help improve antenatal screening and inform the development of tailored interventions to meet the mental health needs of immigrant women during the perinatal period. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract African Americans with obesity have high rates of hypertension. Exercise has been shown to significantly reduce high blood pressure; however, effects through associated reductions in anxiety and depression are unclear. African American adults with either class 2 or 3 obesity (n = 86; Mage = 43.4 years) and either elevated blood pressure (n = 16) or stage 1 (n = 33) or stage 2 (n = 37) hypertension participated in a theoretically driven community-based weight-management program. There were significant increases in exercise outputs; while systolic and diastolic blood pressure, anxiety, and depression significantly decreased from baseline–month 6. Increased exercise significantly predicted reduced anxiety, depression, and diastolic blood pressure. Change in anxiety significantly mediated the relationship between exercise and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes. Increasing exercise from the equivalent of 1.5 to 4.5 moderate bouts/week reduced elevated blood pressure/hypertension in African American adults with severe obesity largely through their exercise-associated improvement in anxiety. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Worldwide migration leads to people bringing beliefs and practices from one country into another, including those related to self-medication. This study explores the self-medication practices of Pakistani mothers for their children and their reasons for self-medication. We interviewed 23 immigrants. Each interview lasted 60–80 min and was conducted in Urdu. Participants had been living in New Zealand on average 3.25 years. They talked about their prior knowledge and experiences regarding self-medication behaviour for their children. The majority of the mothers treat their children at home before visiting a general practitioner (GP) due to previous unsatisfactory experiences. There was a significant relationship between participants who had family members in healthcare professions, their experiences of healthcare services and self-medication. Bringing medicines from Pakistan is a key source for self-medication practices. Self-medication awareness programs could help mothers to practice safe and responsible use of medicines for the benefit of their children. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Little is known of how intergenerational acculturation discrepancy relates to communication skills differences that may influence relationship quality among parents and adult children. Mexican–American mother–daughter dyads (n = 59) were studied using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model to examine dyadic associations of acculturation and communication competence with family functioning and mediation analysis to determine the indirect effect of acculturation discrepancy on family functioning through communication competence differences. Communication competence of mothers exerted significant actor and partner effects on daughter-perceived cohesion and closeness. Higher acculturation discrepancy predicted greater communication competence difference which in turn was associated with lower cohesion and closeness. There was a significant indirect effect of acculturation discrepancy on daughter-perceived cohesion through communication competence difference. Communication competence of mothers impacts their own as well as their daughters’ perceptions of dyad cohesion and closeness. Intergenerational discrepant acculturation contributes to discordant communication skills that impair family functioning, which has implications for psychological well-being. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Our goal was to examine the role of race, ethnicity, and immigration status on prenatal perceived stress and depressive symptomatology trends across pregnancy in a low-income, minority population of pregnant women in urban Los Angeles. Longitudinal data on 442 Hispanic and Black women were analyzed using mixed effects models with a random intercept for participant were employed to evaluate predictors of higher perceived stress levels and probable depression across pregnancy. Compared to U.S. born Hispanic women, Black women had higher perceived stress (β 2.24; 95% CI 0.41, 4.07) and higher odds of probable depression (OR 2.38; 95% CI 0.95, 5.95) while Hispanic immigrants with greater than 20 years of residency in the U.S. had higher odds of probable depression (OR 2.93; 95% CI 1.10, 7.79). Maternal mental health among Hispanic immigrants with longer U.S. residency and Black race warrants increased attention from public health and clinical agencies. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Foreign-born populations in the United States suffer multiple disparities related to human papillomavirus, including higher cervical cancer mortality and lower HPV vaccination. No nationally based studies have examined the relationship between nativity with HPV and HPV vaccination awareness and knowledge, especially examining acculturation, an immigration-specific process affecting health-related behaviors. We assessed nativity differences in HPV awareness and knowledge, and awareness of HPV vaccination using data from a population-based sample of adults in the U.S. (n = 2415). Among foreign-born respondents, we also assessed the association of acculturation with outcomes. Awareness of HPV and HPV vaccination were lower among foreign-born respondents compared to U.S.-born respondents. Knowledge of HPV was similar between populations. Acculturation was not associated with any of the assessed outcomes. Findings suggest HPV-related awareness deficits among foreign-born U.S. residents, highlighting a need for culturally-appropriate HPV prevention efforts. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Filipino American women experience breast cancer disparities including being diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger age and at a later stage. More Filipino women have breast cancer tumors that are ER-negative or overexpress Her2-neu. These disparities could be effectively minimized with screening mammograms. This study aims to determine factors that influence mammogram adherence in Filipino American women using Andersen’s Behavioral Health Model of Services for Vulnerable Populations as the conceptual framework. Logistic regression models determined the influence of predisposing, enabling and need variables with mammogram adherence. Among all variables—breast cancer literacy, mammogram reminder, sociocultural deterrents, cultural beliefs, and years of residence in the United States—only a mammogram reminder from a healthcare provider was significantly associated with mammogram adherence. Convenience and snowballing sampling generated a group of women who were highly-educated Filipinas limiting the generalizability of the study’s findings. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract Asylum-seeking and refugee women currently residing in Europe face unique challenges in the perinatal period. A range of social support interventions have been developed to address these challenges. However, little is known about which women value and why. A critical interpretive synthesis was undertaken using peer reviewed and grey literature to explore the nature, context and impact of these perinatal social support interventions on the wellbeing of asylum-seeking and refugee women. Four types of interventions were identified which had varying impacts on women’s experiences. The impacts of the interventions were synthesised into five themes: Alleviation of being alone, Safety and trust, Practical knowledge and learning, being cared for and emotional support, and increased confidence in and beyond the intervention. The interventions which were most valued by women were those using a community-based befriending/peer support approach as these provided the most holistic approach to addressing women’s needs. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract To assess the feasibility and early efficacy of a combined lifestyle and acceptance-based therapy (ABT) intervention on weight loss at 16 weeks among Black breast cancer (BC) survivors with obesity. Thirty black breast cancer survivors with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 at least 6 months post-treatment were enrolled. Outcomes included feasibility process measures, physical well-being assessed using the subscale of QOL-Breast Cancer (QOL-BC), physical activity assessed by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and weight. Fisher’s Exact/Chi-Squared tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to explore differences between responders and non-responders, as well as within-group changes during the intervention. Within the first 4 weeks, responders (participants who lost any weight) lost a median of 2.6 lbs. compared to non-responders (no weight loss) who gained a median of 2.6 lbs. At 16 weeks, participants reported greater physical well-being (p < 0.0001), increased time in recreational activities (p = 0.03), and a median weight loss of 5.6 pounds in responders vs. 0.7 pounds in non-responders (p ≤ 0.001). Non-responders were more likely to have developed a new health condition compared to responders (44% vs. 0%; p = 0.014). In this study, weight loss at 4 weeks and new-onset health conditions were significant factors associated with non-response to the combined intervention. Black BC with obesity are at high risk for recurrent cancer and secondary health conditions. ABT may be a suitable adjunct therapeutic option to lifestyle interventions implemented soon after a cancer diagnosis to improve physical well-being, increase physical activity, and promote weight loss. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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Abstract: Abstract There is ample evidence that exposure to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) activities could widen Latinas’ health disparities. Whether or not residing near an ICE detention center (IDC) further impacts their health is unknown. During nationwide increased ICE activities Latinas (N=45) attended an intervention at two separate sites: one near and another one far from an IDC. A focus group discussion and an interview were conducted using a grounded theory approach. Quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Participants residing near an IDC benefited less from the intervention and reported changes in anxiety levels and in mobility, and a sense of powerlessness. They also requested resources to respond to ICE overreach and broadcasting of their reality. Our results suggest that proximity to IDCs impacts immigrant communities and public health programming, which is inevitably embedded in political realities. These need to be addressed when providing much needed interventions. PubDate: 2022-06-01
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