JournalTOCs

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment
Number of Followers: 3

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2657-5450
Published by Sciendo

[389 journals]

Production Cost Calculation Approach Based on Data Collected During
Manufacturing Process
- Abstract: The aim of the article is to present a proposal and discuss the production cost calculation procedures based on data collected during manufacturing process, according to standard SPC control chart evaluation. It is applied as a tool to support the process of continuous improvement of the manufacturing process and improve profitability by reducing the cost of production.Research methodology - the study uses the results of a literature review on the issue of cost analysis and their modeling. Key elements are the main cost components, but also those that are considered less important and may be overall decisive. Application of Statistical Process Control - as a method of data collection for cost modeling to improve overall cost structure is proposed.Originality / value - the considerations presented in the study may be the basis for determining the key components of the cost of production. The proposed simulation model allows for the determination of the main quality cost factors. This, in turn, should allow to define the main directions of searching for the optimization of the product cost in order to achieve the expected level of cost and quality.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Prediction of the Influence of Printing Parameters on the Residual Stress
Using Numerical Simulation
- Abstract: Fused Deposition Modeling is an additive manufacturing technology that is used to create a wide range of parts and applications. Along with its benefits, there are some challenges regarding the printed parts’ mechanical properties, which are associated with printing parameters like layer thickness, printing speed, infill density, printing temperature, bed temperature, infill pattern, chamber temperature, and printing orientation. One of the most crucial challenges in additive manufacturing technology is the residual stress, which significantly affects the parts like fatigue life, cracks propagation, distortions, dimensional accuracy, and corrosion resistance. Residual stress is hard to detect in the components and sometimes is costly to investigate. Printing specimens with different parameters costs money and is time-consuming. In this work, numerical simulation using Digimat-AM software was employed to predict and minimize the residual stress in printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene material using Fused Deposition Modeling technology. The printing was done by choosing six different printing parameters with three values for each parameter. The results showed a significant positive correlation between residual stress and printing temperature and infill percentage and a negative correlation with layer thickness and printing speed. At the same time, we found no effect of the bed temperature on the residual stress. Finally, the minimum residual stress was obtained with a concentric infill pattern.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Smart District Heating Networks in the Era of Energy Transformation
- Abstract: District heating, which accounts for half of the EU’s energy consumption, still relies heavily on fossil fuels. This causes emissions of dust and greenhouse gases and into the atmosphere and leads to negative climate changes. For this reason, European Union countries have been implementing a climate and energy policy for many years, which in the area of heating is aimed at making it more efficient and sustainable. This requires the introduction of low-carbon technologies and the reduction of fossil fuel consumption by increasing the share of renewable energy sources. Modern, efficient and smart heating systems should guarantee reliable heat supply while reducing the environmental impact. The article discusses the direction of change and development of district heating systems through the introduction of innovative technologies. The new generations of 4GDH and 5 GDH district heating systems are described and the benefits of their use are indicated. The concept of smart district heating networks, their structure and the advantages of their implementation are discussed. The possibilities of creating smart energy systems using renewable energy sources and heat storage technologies were also indicated. The activities of Polish district heating companies in the introduction of smart heat networks are presented, based on research conducted.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Safety Management at the Design Stage of Rotation Node in Mobile Crane
- Abstract: The article analyzes the safety aspects related to the construction and operation of a mobile crane. The load-bearing capacity of the boom sub-assembly rotation node was tested in a mobile crane. When identifying the load, the uneven compliance of the supporting components was taken into account. The considerations are illustrated with an example of a mobile crane slewing bearing with a lifting capacity of 50 tons. The basic problems of building the computational model are discussed and the results of the load bearing capacity of the slewing ring bearing for different positions of the load-bearing component of the tested machine are presented. An analysis of the load of the rolling elements in a slewing ring bearing was carried out and the reasons for changes in the load capacity in relation to the methods of calculating the load capacity, assuming non-deformability of the bearing rings, were indicated. It has been shown that deformations of the supporting frames are so large that they significantly change the distribution of forces transmitted by individual bearing rollers.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Post-Covid Perspectives for the Automotive Industry, Opportunities, and
Threats
- Abstract: The subject of the study is to verify the impact of the SARS-COV2 virus pandemic on the functioning of the automotive industry in the context of the global economy. The conducted research is important due to the enormous change in the functioning of the automotive industry due to the covid pandemic as well as megatrends affecting the industry. The paper aims to verify the determinants influencing the functioning of the automotive industry. The conclusions resulting from the study will be used to better understand the current situation and to prepare the market’s strategy for the coming years. The selected research method includes literature and industry research and the Exact Systems company case study. The case study relates to a survey of car and car parts manufacturers in 12 European countries. The author’s contribution is an indication of many factors influencing the potential future of the automotive industry available in the literature. Then the author compares these data with the expectations and predictions of the car manufacturers’ market participants to draw consistent conclusions.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Characteristic of Upper-Tier and Lower-Tier Establishments of Major
Accidents in Poland in Comparison to the European Union
- Abstract: The purpose of this publication is to present the characteristics of upper-tier and lower-tier establishments of a major accident, which operate under the provisions of the Seveso III Directive. The article will also present information about the number of these establishments in the EU and Poland. Analysis of the data on the operation of upper-tier and lower-tier establishments of a major accident comparison with the number of major accidents which took place will allow for assessment of the effects of the implementation of the provisions of the Seveso III Directive by EU countries.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Selected Commodity Characteristics of Essential Oils Used for Healing
Purposes
- Abstract: The use of an essential oil with a therapeutic purpose depends on many conditions. First of all, only substances whose quality meets the guidelines of the modern, current Polish standard PN-EN ISO 9235: 2021-12 (ICS 71.100.60 - Essential oils) and which are classified as essential oils can be used in aromatherapy, i.e. for therapeutic purposes. A very important role in obtaining essential oils of high therapeutic quality is played by the place and method of cultivation of the plant from which the oil is extracted, safety in maintaining the purity of the essential oil during its extraction, and compliance with the special requirement to label the essential oil package. Fragrance, synthetic and natural oils do not meet these requirements and cannot be used for therapeutic purposes.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Occupational Hazards Counteraction in Industrial Work Environment –
Selected Management Problems
- Abstract: The aim of the article is to present the basic strategies for counteracting threats that are used in an industrial work environment, with particular emphasis on strategies based on the concept of safety barriers. The article presents the main categories of safety barriers and the basic safety functions implemented within the key barrier systems. In addition, the most commonly used criteria for assessing safety barrier systems as well as safety functions are presented. The most characteristic examples in this regard are given. The analysis was carried out in terms of the implementation of barrier management towards reducing the risk of adverse events in the industrial work environment.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Customer’s Reviews on the Internet - Possibility of Promotion or a
Threat for Enterprises
- Abstract: Nowadays, many customers start looking for their dream product or service by reading reviews published about them on the Internet. The universal process of digitization and easy access to the Internet allowed for the development of this type of information source. The problem is how to classify this phenomenon, whether the reviews published on the Internet are free advertising for a given enterprise or rather a threat related to the negative attitude of customers. The aim of this paper is to analyze the respondents’ approach to publishing reviews on the products and services they purchased. The author wanted to check whether the respondents had will to share their reviews with other Internet users, why they wrote such reviews, if they wrote more often positive or negative reviews. A short online survey, which was published in the period January 2021 - June 2021, was used as a source of information. The respondents were people using both traditional shops and e-shops who wanted to share their experience in writing reviews on the Internet.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Prediction of Vehicle Ownership Growth Using Gompertz Model, Case Study of
Hungary
- Abstract: Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are expected to introduce numerous benefits for future mobility. These potential benefits and many others vary substantially by the market share of AVs. Therefore, this research empirically estimates, using the Gompertz function, the projected growth rates of passenger vehicles in Hungary using historical patterns of human-driven vehicle ownership data based on projected per capita GDP. This study’s contribution to the literature is through a mathematical approach that predicts passenger cars market penetration rate, in which the assumptions and the used parameters of the model can be easily modified based on different case studies, or they can be updated due to the advancement in technology and progress in knowledge of the studied market.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
The Identification of Factors Describing the Concept of Company
Development – Case Study
- Abstract: The paper presents research results in a scope of evaluation importance of factors in enterprise from automotive industry. These paper presents a case study of the practical use of BOST surveys (first Toyota’s management principle). Analysis of the research results was presented in the form of tables, histograms, radar chart and some statistical tools. Some production workers of the company with the help of BOST questionnaire survey showed, which factors are the most important. The aim of the analysis is to present which factors are the most important by building the significance sequences of obtained results. The results obtained for the type of small and medium-sized enterprises overlap with the results of tests verified in other enterprises.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Automating Pro-Health Behaviors Among Workers a Large Corporations Using
the Services of Diet Catering
- Abstract: Proper nutrition along with physical activity promote health and well-being, affect the mental balance of a person, his perception of reality and interpersonal relationships. Automating pro-health behaviors affects behaviors that do not require large amounts of psychoenergetic resources, thus accumulating energy for other life processes. The aim of this article is to analyze the eating behavior and physical activity among employees of corporations with diet based on an externally supplied box diet which is make on their own nutritional choices (they use diet catering meals). The empirical study covered clients of enterprises offering dietary catering. An individual in-depth interview was used as a qualitative research technique. The conclusion to be drawn from the conducted empirical study is that people using externally supplied box diets do not develop healthy eating habits. In the periods when they eat independently, in most cases they do not pay attention to the health, regularity and caloric content of the consumed meals.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Properties of Coating System for Rail Vehicles
- Abstract: The article presents the results of laboratory tests of a new anti-graffiti coating system, which includes BO100-AGR. The tests were carried out in accordance with the current standards and the established internal laboratory procedures, the purpose of which was to broaden the determination of the functional properties of the tested system. The coatings were applied to the sample with S355 steel using guns SATA. Because of its properties, anti-graffiti coating system can be successfully used on rail vehicles.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Occupational Risk Management in the Transport Company
- Abstract: The purpose of risk analysis is to provide a concrete basis for risk decisions that can be made as part of the risk management process in comparing the risk outcomes with risk acceptability criteria. The main objective of the occupational risk assessment presented in the paper is to provide employees with effective protection of the health and life of employees against hazards occurring in the work environment, as best as possible under specific conditions.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Transport Safety in Road Traffic - The Condition and Preventive Measures
as Assessed by the Respondents
- Abstract: The article presents basic definitions related to road accidents and types of tests carried out in the field of road accidents. The effects of road accidents on participants, drivers as well as social and direct costs of road accidents were discussed. The correct conduct of people involved in a road accident (incident) was presented. In the research part, the most common causes of accidents in Poland were analysed. Particular attention was paid to the participation in accidents of participants under the influence of alcohol. The article ends with a discussion on the presented research results and the resulting conclusions as well as a proposal for preventive actions to reduce the number of road accidents.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Statistical Analysis and Prediction of the Product Complaints
- Abstract: The article presents the results of the analysis of cardboard packaging complaints based on selected quality tools and statistical tools for the purpose of a rough assessment of the effectiveness of corrective and preventive actions taken by the surveyed company and for predictive purposes. The analysis was performed in terms of two research periods - 1 year and quarters, and from the point of view of total complaints and external - customer complaints. Data on the number of products complained of as well as financial losses incurred by the company on this account were analysed. The article presents the potential of both classic quality tools and statistical tools for the purposes of in-depth analysis of complaints data and for predictive purposes and subsequent risk analysis. The critical complaint was indicated - complaint code 403 - overprint. The number of complained products to be expected in the next quarter of the new year was determined. The article shows that the corrective and preventive actions taken by the company have not yet brought the expected result in the form of reducing the number of products complained by customers during the quarters surveyed.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
The Management of the Technological Process of a Product on the Example a
Shrink Film in the Aspect Life Cycle Assessment
- Abstract: Nowadays Life Cycle Assessment is the most popular tool that can be used to see environmental load of a machine, a product or a process. LCA defines the impact throughout the life of a product, from the extraction or production of raw material from natural resources, through production, use and final disposal. This method focuses on the assessment of the impact of the tested object on the area of the ecosystem, human health and the resources use. LCA is a very helpful tool in the environmental assessment that is required and results from the current policy of the European Union, which requires the member states to minimize the harmful impact on the environment of every aspect of human life. The publication discusses the LCA life cycle assessment method as one of the methods allowing to estimate the environmental impact of a technological process or some product. The article shows also the history of LCA, the individual stages, advantages and disadvantage this method. This paper it is also an introduction to carry out LCA analysis on the example of a process with the use of the shrink film.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Recycling of Asbestos-Cement Waste – An Opportunity or a Threat'
- Abstract: Asbestos-cement waste from roof coverings and facades are classified as hazardous materials and should be successively removed from buildings. The current management of these wastes is limited to their controlled depositing in landfills, which does not ultimately solve the problem of their impact on the environment in the future. The article presents the current state of disposal of asbestos in Poland, with particular emphasis on the Silesian Voivodeship. The literature reports on the methods of neutralizing this type of waste and the possibility of their recycling were analyzed. It was found that the most popular way of recycling asbestos waste is thermal treatment, and the least effective - chemical treatment. Unfortunately, legal barriers prevent the spread of these solutions in the country in practice, despite the fact that safe methods of recycling asbestos-cement products are known.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Use of Toyota Principles in Questions to Assess the Importance of Work
Safety in the Heavy Industry
- Abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the importance of the factor related with work safety in enterprises from the heavy industry sector. To achieve this aim, a method was used that is based on the principles of the Toyota Production System - the BOST survey. The survey was conducted in 8 heavy industry enterprises located in the Silesian Voivodeship. The paper presents part of the research, including the analysis of one of the questions that relates to the roof of the Toyota house - elements of the enterprise mission. This question includes the concept of work safety. Additionally, the work includes an analysis of the respondents’ personal characteristics. The result of the work is the determination of the place of work safety in the analyzed enterprises according to the respondents, which may serve as a guideline in activities improving processes with an emphasis on work safety.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT
Applying Elvie - Tool for Psychosocial Risk Assessment: Results of a Case
Study
- Abstract: About half of European workers believe that stress is common in their workplace and that it is the cause of about half of all lost working days. In Europe, 25% of workers report suffering from work stress all the time or most of their working time, with a similar percentage reporting that stress adversely affects their health. Estimates of costs borne by employers and society are considerable, amounting to tens of billions of euros at European level. Considering the exponential increase in the last decade of the impact of occupational stress and the direct implications on the health and well-being of workers, coupled with the low level of attention paid to this risk by employers and labor inspectorates in Romania, this paper aimed at developing a company-level research to validate the applicability of a specific psychosocial risk assessment tool. The preliminary results obtained confirmed the need to increase the real attention paid to this component of the health status of workers - and implicitly of enterprises - allowing the substantiation of a plan of measures designed to minimize psychosocial risks in the investigated company.
  PubDate: Sat, 31 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT