JournalTOCs

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.471

Citation Impact (citeScore): 1
Number of Followers: 12

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1935-7893 - ISSN (Online) 1938-744X
Published by Cambridge University Press

[353 journals]

Thermodynamic Assessment of the Causes of the Death of the People Under
the Debris in an Earthquake
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  Authors: Aslan; Gülnihal, Olgun, Hande, Yavuz, Yavuz, Yılmaz, Bayram, Özilgen, Mustafa
  First page: 1
  Abstract: Mortality rate of the crush victims in the Marmara earthquake of August 1999 was compared with the conclusions arrived after making thermodynamic assessment of the data acquired in the previous earthquakes. Entropic age concept was found very helpful while assessing the data. Mortality rate in the age group of 0-9 years old crush victims was 0 because the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of these children was low. The earthquake happened at 3:03 a.m. in the morning and it was probably at the coldest time of the day; therefore, the victims were losing sufficient heat to avoid hyperpraxia, where body temperature reaches to 40°C or above. As the population and the age of the victims increase more people died and the survival rate decreased. The highest mortality rate was in the 60+ age group. According to the entropic age concept, these group of victims had already accumulated a lot of entropy (e.g., heath problems) in their bodies in previous stages of their lives; therefore, they were more prone to death.
  PubDate: 2025-01-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.335
Temporal Trends in Treatment Interruption among the Victims of Heavy Rain
Disasters in Japan: Findings from Emergency Medical Team Data
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  Authors: Nakamura; Yuichi, Fukunaga, Ami, Nagata, Tatsuhiro, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Yumiya, Yui, Taji, Akihiro, Akahoshi, Kouki, Toyokuni, Yoshiki, Chishima, Kayako, Mimura, Seiji, Wakai, Akinori, Kondo, Hisayoshi, Koido, Yuichi, Kubo, Tatsuhiko
  First page: 2
  Abstract: ObjectivesTreatment interruptions in disaster victims are concerning, owing to an increase in natural disasters and the growing elderly population with chronic conditions. This study examined the temporal trends in treatment interruptions among victims of 2 recent major heavy rain disasters in Japan: West Japan heavy rain in 2018 and Kumamoto heavy rain in 2020.MethodsData for this study were derived from the national standardized medical data collection system called the “Japan Surveillance in Post-Extreme Emergencies and Disasters.” Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to examine the daily trends in treatment interruptions reported soon after each disaster onset.ResultsA total of 144 and 87 treatment interruption cases were observed in the heavily affected areas of the West Japan heavy rain in 2018 and Kumamoto heavy rain in 2020, respectively. In both disasters, a high number of treatment interruption cases were observed on the first day after the disaster. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that trends in the percentage of treatment interruptions differed between the 2 disasters at different disaster scales.ConclusionsThe findings suggest the importance of a prompt response to treatment interruptions in the immediate aftermath of a disaster and consideration of the specific characteristics of the disaster when planning for disaster preparedness and response.
  PubDate: 2025-01-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.332
Physician’s Perception About the Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine:
Correspondence
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  Authors: Sookaromdee; Pathum, Wiwanitkit, Viroj
  First page: 3
  PubDate: 2025-01-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.297
The Level of Trauma and Hopelessness of Survivor Nursing Students of the
February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes: The Case of Türkiye
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  Authors: Aytaç; Sema, Ovayolu, Özlem, Serçe, Sibel
  First page: 4
  Abstract: ObjectivesTo assess the post-earthquake trauma and hopelessness levels of nursing students due to the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023.MethodsThis study was conducted between April and May 2023 in the Nursing Department in a province located in Southeastern Türkiye using the face-to-face interview technique. The study was completed with 276 students in line with the power analysis. The data were collected using a questionnaire, the Scale that Determines the Level of Post-Earthquake Trauma (SDLPET), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS).ResultsThe mean SDLPET and BHS scores of the students were 55.45±13.58 and 9.38±4.53, respectively. Some 12.3% of the nursing students lost their friends due to the earthquake, 80.4% did not receive any earthquake training, 46% needed psychological support, 48.6% needed financial support, 49.6% needed social support, 37% had sleep problems, 72.8% experienced hopelessness, and the quality of life of 67.8% of the students was negatively affected due to the hopelessness they experienced.ConclusionsIt was found that the level of post-earthquake trauma and hopelessness of the students was moderate, and a positive and significant correlation was found between trauma and hopelessness scores.
  PubDate: 2025-01-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.345
Injury Spectrum and Radiology Department Response Assessment Following the
Beirut Blast
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  Authors: El-Haddad; Joya, Jardali, Ghina, Farah, Fadi, Hoyek, Nadine, Haddad, Antoine
  First page: 5
  Abstract: ObjectivesThe catastrophic Beirut blast on August 4, 2020 at 6:07 pm resulted in extensive damage. Our study aims to categorize the injuries of patients who were transferred to the radiology department in the first 12 hours following the blast and to evaluate the disaster preparedness of the radiology department at Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital in order to implement corrective action process.MethodsA total of 97 patients underwent imaging examinations, comprising 77 CT scans and 20 radiographs, which were retrospectively reviewed by 4 senior radiology residents. Patient injuries were classified according to blast injury categories. A full assessment of our disaster plan was done including staff shortage, examination time, patients triage and diagnostic performance of radiologists.ResultsTertiary injuries were the most prevalent (47.6%). Maxillofacial fractures and intracranial hemorrhage were the most common (54.3%). The radiology department encountered numerous challenges, including communication difficulties, staffing shortages and infrastructure damage. Nevertheless, the disaster management plan enabled the department to effectively navigate these obstacles despite many flaws and many lessons were learned.ConclusionsThis study underscores the importance of an efficient response of the radiology team during mass casualty incidents and can inform future disaster preparedness efforts in health care settings.
  PubDate: 2025-01-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.338
Psychological Associations of Multiple Disasters: A Longitudinal Study of
Adolescents in Puerto Rico
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  Authors: Chavez; Ligia M., García, Pedro A., Stimpson, Jim P., Vale Lassalle, Keilyn M., Saumell-Rivera, Janet T., Ortega, Alexander N.
  First page: 6
  Abstract: ObjectivesPsychological reactions in response to disasters have been associated with increased mental health (MH) symptomatology, decreased quality of life (QOL), and post-traumatic stress (PTSD). This study provides a rare opportunity to examine post disaster MH longitudinally in a sample of adolescents.MethodsFrom 2018-20, adolescents (12-18 years, N=228) were interviewed about disaster exposure, QOL using the Adolescent Quality of Life-Mental Health Scale (AQOL-MHS), psychological symptoms, and diagnoses.ResultsHaving an MH diagnosis and PTSD are clear indicators of worse Emotional Regulation (ER) (P ≤ 0.03, P ≤ 0.0001) and Self-Concept (SC) (P ≤ 0.006, P ≤ 0.002) QOL. Girls were disproportionately affected in all models for SC and Social Context domains (P ≤ 0.0001, P ≤ 0.01). Interaction models results for ER (P ≤ 0.05) and SC (P ≤ 0.01) indicate that those with PTSD are improving over time at a greater rate than those without PTSD.ConclusionsRecovery takes time and a clear sex disparity for girls was observed. Results for the different AQOL-MHS domains highlight how the challenges experienced by disasters are multifaceted. Knowing who is at greater risk can allow for better resource allocation and targeted population-based prevention strategies to promote and maintain MH and resolve risk factors for mental illnesses.
  PubDate: 2025-01-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.175
Unanticipated Behavioral Consequences of On-demand COVID-19 Testing Policy
in US States
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  Authors: Robertson; Leon S.
  First page: 7
  Abstract: ObjectivesDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, free on-demand testing was promoted in the US. This study was undertaken to support or refute the hypothesis that negative SARS-CoV-2 tests led to travel that exposed travelers to the virus in US states.MethodsData on daily trips outside households based on cell phone movement were matched by date to negative tests, positive tests, subsequent COVID-19 cases, and deaths lagged at various intervals in 49 US states during the first 16 months of the pandemic. Least-squares regression of weekly trips as a function of prior trips, negative tests, and cases was examined. Cases 10-14 days after negative tests and deaths 20-25 days later as a function of previous trips and positive tests were also assessed by least squares regression.ResultsIncreases in negative tests predicted increases in trips but trips declined as cases increased. Changes in trips predicted short-term changes in cases and deaths. The data closely fit the models.ConclusionsSurges in cases and deaths from COVID-19 were likely a partial result of on-demand testing, without sufficient contact tracing and quarantine, which misled those who tested negative into thinking that it was safe to travel.
  PubDate: 2025-01-08
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.344
Obesity after Natural disasters and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic
Review
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  Authors: Nour; Tahir Yousuf, Altintaş, Kerim Hakan
  First page: 8
  Abstract: BackgroundNatural disasters occur unexpectedly, leading to long-term consequences like obesity. That contributes to various noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. This review aimed to examine the link between natural disasters and obesity, along with related risk factors.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to examine the relationship between natural disasters and obesity, as well as the associated risk factors.MethodsA thorough search was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, HINARI, and Google Scholar. Additional articles were manually searched. Studies that reported weight gain and risk factors were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Data were collected from eligible articles and synthesized.ResultsThe participants in this research ranged from 3 months to 67 years old. Of the 17 articles, 11 focused on children, while the 5 focused on adults and 1 on adolescents. All studies followed a cohort design, with follow-up periods varying from 6 months to 15.5 years. Results indicated weight gain post-disaster, with risk factors including sedentary behavior, unhealthy eating habits, maternal high Body Mass Index (BMI), mixed feeding, stress, alcohol consumption, coastal residence, temporary housing, and timing from disaster onset.ConclusionsThis research emphasizes the significance of addressing post-disaster obesity as a pivotal aspect of public health, suggesting its integration with immediate priorities such as trauma management. Emphasizing its long-lasting effects across generations, the study offers policymakers valuable insights to develop effective approaches in tackling post-disaster obesity.
  PubDate: 2025-01-07
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.347
Social Media Memes and Early Public Opinion Formation Regarding Highly
Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) as a Public Health Threat in the United
States
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  Authors: Pascual-Ferrá; Paola, Alperstein, Neil, Barnett, Daniel J., Rimal, Rajiv N.
  First page: 9
  Abstract: Per Research Letter article type, we are not including an abstract.
  PubDate: 2025-01-07
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.340
Retrospective Evaluation of Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Surgery
after the February 6, 2023 Earthquake in Turkey
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  Authors: Erkilic; Ezgi, Kurtay, Mehlika, Yılmaz, Gülay, Demirörs, Ahmet, Baltacı, Esra Mahmut, Sözsahibi, Düşüm, Efe, Ali Furkan, Gümüş, Tülin, Kanbak, Orhan, Güleç, Handan, Özcan, Ayça Dumanlı, Öztürk, Levent
  First page: 10
  Abstract: Throughout human history, numerous natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, have caused significant destruction to civilizations. On February 6, 2023, 2 major earthquakes struck Turkey. The first occurred at 04:17 local time with a magnitude of 7.7 (37.288N-37.043E) centered in Pazarcık, and the second at 13:24 with a magnitude of 7.6 (38.089N-37.239E) centered in Elbistan. Both earthquakes affected a vast area encompassing 11 cities. These 2 devastating earthquakes resulted in the destruction and damage of many buildings, affecting over 14 million people. More than 40 000 people lost their lives, and thousands were injured and left homeless. Turkey, a country frequently affected by earthquakes due to its geographical location, experienced 2 consecutive major earthquakes on the same day, marking a tragic event in its history.
  PubDate: 2025-01-08
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.339
Mental Health Status and Related Factors of Citizens 6 Months after Mass
Death and Injury Due to Crowd Crush Incident: Focused on the Itaewon
Disaster in 2022
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  Authors: Choi; Yun-Jung, Song, Heewon, Namgung, Hae-In, Lee, Na rae
  First page: 11
  Abstract: ObjectiveCrowd crush disasters result in psychological risks such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This descriptive research study identified the mental health status of Koreans after the Itaewon crowd crush disaster and explored related factors.MethodsData were collected May 2-9, 2023 using an online survey. Participants included 205 adults aged 19-69 years recruited through South Korean local and online university communities. Their mental health and related factors were measured at 6 months post-disaster. Data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics 26.0. and R 3.4.2.ResultsSignificant differences in anxiety, depression, and PTSD among participants who experienced the disaster as victims; changes in drinking frequency and alcohol consumption; and differences in anxiety and PTSD according to family type were observed. Comparing the 3 and 6 month surveys, there were no significant changes in anxiety, depression, PTSD, general mental health, or mental well-being. When mental health severity was divided according to victimization, a significant difference in the severity of anxiety, depression, and PTSD was observed.ConclusionsParticipants’ levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD varied according to their direct and indirect experience of the disaster, with higher levels of PTSD even without direct experience with the disaster.
  PubDate: 2025-01-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.342
What Do Patients Seek Care for at a Health Facility in the Aftermath of an
Earthquake' Experiences From an Emergency Medical Team in Türkoğlu,
Türkiye 2023
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  Authors: Maddah; Diana, Vadi, Ramnath, Aloğlu, Nihal, Boz, Mustafa, Wightwick, David, Istanbouly, Gael, Tannous, Rosa Maria, Morelli, Alessandra, Tawfeeq, Dalzar Abdullah, von Schreeb, Johan
  First page: 12
  Abstract: On February 6, 2023, a strong earthquake (7.8 Richter scale) shook southwestern Türkiye, and also affected areas in northwest Syria, resulting in over 50 000 fatalities and more than 100 000 injured in Türkiye, in addition to the displacement of approximately 3 million people. In response to an international request for assistance from the Turkish government, the United Kingdom (UK) government deployed an Emergency Medical Team (EMT) Type 1 to provide outpatient care. This report describes the type of medical conditions treated at the facility from 1 week to 3 months post-earthquake. Consultations and diagnoses were recorded using standardized UK EMT patient records and reported through the WHO Minimum Data Set (MDS) format. A total of 7048 patient consultations were documented during the deployment.The majority of cases involved infectious conditions, primarily respiratory illnesses, rather than trauma. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, were also prevalent, particularly among adults and older patients. The report outlines some recommendations to better adapt data collection in order to improve EMT preparedness for future earthquake responses.
  PubDate: 2025-01-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.343
Undergraduate Students’ Onlooker Response Prior to Arrival of Emergency
Medical Services: An Assessment of Willingness to Respond
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  Authors: Hayanga; Heather K., Rosenblum, Andrew J., McGuire, Joseph A., Noor, Kinza, Thibault, Dylan, Woods, Kaitlin, Richardson, Matthew R., Carter-Bozman, Akeya, Thomas, Wesley, Smith, Steven, Hayanga, J.W. Awori, Barnett, Daniel J.
  First page: 13
  Abstract: ObjectivesThis study sought to assess undergraduate students’ knowledge and attitudes surrounding perceived self-efficacy and threats in various common emergencies in communities of higher education.MethodsSelf-reported perceptions of knowledge and skills, as well as attitudes and beliefs regarding education and training, obligation to respond, safety, psychological readiness, efficacy, personal preparedness, and willingness to respond were investigated through 3 representative scenarios via a web-based survey.ResultsAmong 970 respondents, approximately 60% reported their university had adequately prepared them for various emergencies while 84% reported the university should provide such training. Respondents with high self-efficacy were significantly more likely than those with low self-efficacy to be willing to respond in whatever capacity needed across all scenarios.ConclusionsThere is a gap between perceived student preparedness for emergencies and training received. Students with high self-efficacy were the most likely to be willing to respond, which may be useful for future training initiatives.
  PubDate: 2025-01-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.308
The PANDEM-2 Simulation Exercise: Training the Coordinated Response to a
Large-Scale Pandemic in 2 European Public Health Emergency Operations
Centers
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  Authors: Houareau; Claudia, Spieker, Clara, Grote, Ulrike, Perseke, Knut, an der Heiden, Maria, Caglar, Robert, Wolter, Amrei, Connolly, Máire A., Hayes, Jessica S, Stein, Mart, Kaluza, Benjamin, Overmeyer, Maike, Rexroth, Ute
  First page: 14
  Abstract: ObjectiveIn the course of the EU funded Pandemic Preparedness and Response (PANDEM-2) project, a functional exercise (FX) was conducted to train the coordinated response to a large-scale pandemic event in Europe by using new IT solutions developed by the project. This report provides an overview of the steps involved in planning, conducting, and evaluating the FX.MethodsThe FX design was based on the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) simulation exercise cycle for public health settings and was carried out over 2 days in the German and Dutch national public health institutes (PHI), with support from other consortium PHIs. The planning team devised an inject list based on a scenario script describing the emergence of an influenza pandemic from a novel H5N1 pathogen.ResultsThe multi-disciplinary participant teams included 11 Dutch and 6 German participants. The FX was supported by 9 international project partners from 8 countries. Overall, participants and observers agreed that the FX goals were achieved.ConclusionsThe FX was a suitable format to test the PANDEM-2 solutions in 2 different country set-ups. It demonstrated the benefit of regular simulation exercises at member state level to test and practice public health emergency responses to be better prepared for real-life events.
  PubDate: 2025-01-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.298
Obesity after Natural disasters and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic
Review – ERRATUM
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  Authors: Nour; Tahir Yousuf, Altıntaş, Kerim Hakan
  First page: 15
  PubDate: 2025-01-17
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.2
Characterizing Household Perceived Evacuation Behaviors in the United
States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 2020-2021
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  Authors: Jiva; Sumera, Hanchey, Arianna, Kieszak, Stephanie, Schnall, Amy
  First page: 16
  Abstract: ObjectiveEvacuation can reduce morbidity and mortality by ensuring households are safely out of the path of, and ensuing impacts from, a disaster. Our goal was to characterize potential evacuation behaviors among a nationally representative sample.MethodsWe added 10 questions to the existing Porter Novelli’s (PN) ConsumerStyles surveys in Fall 2020, Spring 2021, and Fall 2021.We conducted a weighted analysis using SAS 9.4 to examine distributions and estimate associations of potential evacuation behaviors of each survey separately.ResultsWhen asked about barriers to evacuation if public authorities announced a mandatory evacuation because of a large-scale disaster, ~7% reported nothing would prevent them from evacuating. Over half of respondents across the 3 surveys (51.1%-52.4%) had no preparedness plans, and almost two-thirds of respondents (63.7%-66.2%) did not have an emergency supply kit.ConclusionsKnowing potential evacuation behaviors can help frame messages and provide a starting point for interventions to improve disaster preparedness and response. Overall, data show that there is much work to be done regarding evacuation behaviors and overall preparedness in the United States. These data can be used to tailor public messaging and work with partners to increase knowledge about evacuation.
  PubDate: 2025-01-17
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.269
Investigating the Post-Disaster Reproductive Health Challenges of Iranian
Women: A Systematic Review
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  Authors: Rajabi; Elham, Farrokhi, Mehrdad, Ramezani Tehrani, Fahimeh, Noroozi, Mehdi, Khankeh, Hamidreza
  First page: 17
  Abstract: ObjectivesDisasters pose serious threats to people’s health, including reproductive health (RH); therefore, we conducted this study to investigate Iranian women’s post-disaster RH challenges.MethodsThis study was conducted as a systematic review, and all published articles until the end of May 2022 were selected by searching in international and domestic scientific databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran. The quality assessment of the studies was done using the Strobe checklist. We conducted this research based on PRISMA guidelines and analyzed the content by qualitative content analysis method.ResultsTwelve related articles were included (8 high quality and 4 medium quality). Based on these articles, factors affecting post-disaster Iranian women’s RH were divided into 2 categories: individual factors (physical injuries, psychological disorders, cultural and religious issues) and management factors (not prioritizing RH services in disasters, lack of supplies, suitable facilities and professional human resources, access limitation to RH care and services).ConclusionsWe must enhance post disaster RH status by adopting suitable policies and decision-making in disaster risk management. We should prioritize RH services during the disaster response phase, providing facilities, equipment, and specialized and trained human resources.
  PubDate: 2025-01-21
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.92
Trajectories and Influencing Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress in
Disaster-Affected People According to Their Income Level: A Longitudinal
Study in South Korea
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  Authors: Lee; Yubin, You, Myoungsoon
  First page: 18
  Abstract: ObjectiveDisasters often have long-lasting effects on the mental health of people affected by them. This study aimed to examine the trajectories and predictors of mental health in people affected by disasters according to their income level.MethodThis study used data from the “Long-Term Survey on the Change of Life of Disaster Victim” conducted by the National Disaster Management Research Institute. Latent growth curve modeling and multigroup analysis were employed on 699 participants.ResultsIndividuals in the low-income class had a higher post-traumatic stress (PTS) intercept than those in the middle-high-income class. The PTS intercept was increased by unmet health care needs and financial hardship caused by disasters and was decreased by health care support. Social support, which was low in the low-income class, did not affect their PTS level; however, it lowered the PTS intercept in the middle-high-income class.ConclusionsThese results suggest that it is important to address the mental health of disaster survivors by providing sufficient disaster relief services and compensation to ensure that disasters do not further exacerbate social inequalities. It is also crucial to provide emotional, informational, and material support using local community resources for those who have less or no access to in-person social networks.
  PubDate: 2025-01-27
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.138
The Potential Impacts of Single-use Plastic During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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  Authors: Klein; Kelly R., Trumbo, Jennifer, Saber, Deborah, Kakkad, Astha
  First page: 19
  Abstract: ObjectivesPlastics in the environment have moved from an “eye-sore” to a public health threat. Hospitals are one of the biggest users of single-use plastics, and there is growing literature looking at not only plastics in the environment but health care’s overall contribution to its growth.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review at a 411-bed level II trauma hospital over 47 months pre and post the last wave of COVID-19 affecting this hospital. Deidentified data were gathered: daily census in the emergency department, hospital census, and corresponding number of admitted COVID-19 patients. Additionally, for the same time frame, personal protective equipment (PPE) supply purchases and gross tonnage of nonhazardous refuse were obtained.ResultsThere was a large increase in PPE purchased without a significant change in gross tonnage of weight of trash.ConclusionsPPE is incredibly important to protect health care workers. However, single-use plastic is not sustainable for the environment or public health. Understanding the full effect of the pandemic on hospital waste production is critically important as health care institutions focus on strategies to decrease their carbon footprint and increase positive impacts on public health and the environment.
  PubDate: 2025-01-31
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.334
The Perception of Disaster Preparedness and Disaster Repsonse
Self-Efficacy of Nurses Following the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake on
February 6, 2023: A Pathway Analysis
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  Authors: Soylu; Dilek, Soylu, Ayşe, Seven, Ahmet
  First page: 20
  Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the perception of disaster preparedness and response self-efficacy of nurses living and working in the region affected by the earthquakes in Turkey on February 6, 2023.MethodsThis cross-sectional, relationship-seeking research was conducted between March 10 and May 10, 2024 with 344 nurses in a hospital in the province of Kahramanmaraş, which was the epicentre of the February 2023 earthquake. A Personal Information Form, the Perception of Nurses of Disaster Preparedness Scale (PNDPS), and the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale (DRSES) were used in data collection. Pathway analysis and confirmatory factor analyis were used in the evaluation of the data.ResultsAge, gender, educational level, disaster training, and having lost someone close in a disaster were determined to have a significant effect on the perception of disaster preparedness, and response self-efficacy (P < 0.05). The perception of the stage of preparation was determined to be 0.136-fold greater in those with a disaster preparation plan (P < 0.05). Perception of the post-disaster stage was determined to be 0.130-fold greaater in those with a disaster preparation plan (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that nurses working in the earthquake region had high levels of disaster preparedness perception and response self-efficacy.
  PubDate: 2025-02-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.18
How Can We Improve the Government’s Research and Technology for
Disasters and Safety'
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  Authors: Yum; Seungil
  First page: 21
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study explores how we can improve the government’s research and technology for disasters and safety.MethodsThis study employs the Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on 268 experts’ perspectives.ResultsR&D performance exerts a directly significant impact on R&D achievement with the coefficient of 0.429. Second, while professionality and environment of R&D do not show a direct effect on achievement, they exhibit an indirect effect on it with the coefficient of 1.124 and 0.354, respectively. Third, R&D professionality exerts a significant impact on the R&D environment (0.964), and R&D environment has a positive effect on R&D performance (0.827).ConclusionGovernments and policymakers should develop disaster and safety policies by understanding direct and indirect effects and the relationship of factors related to R&D for improving R&D achievement.
  PubDate: 2025-02-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.17
Pre-disaster Health Vulnerabilities Predict Major Depressive Disorder
Symptoms Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Adults after Hurricanes Maria and
Irma
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  Authors: Musicaro; Regina M., Valdespino-Hayden, Zerbrina, Lozano, Marijulie Martinez, Ramos, Carlamarie Noboa, Joshipura, Kaumudi, Lowe, Sarah R.
  First page: 22
  Abstract: ObjectiveRobust research has established that preexisting physical and mental health conditions increase risk for adverse psychiatric outcomes after disasters. However, it is unclear if increased risk is independent of disaster exposure, and most studies have relied on retrospective reports of pre-disaster functioning.MethodsIn a pre-post sample of high-risk Puerto Rican adults (N = 361) who experienced Hurricanes Irma and Maria, we assessed: 1) whether indicators of pre-disaster depression and physical health conditions were associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms; and 2) whether the effects of pre-disaster depression and physical health conditions on PTSD and MDD symptoms were indirect via disaster exposure or had exacerbated the effects of disaster exposure on PTSD and MDD symptoms.ResultsPre-disaster depression and physical health problems were significantly associated with higher post-disaster MDD symptoms (B = 1.50, SE = 0.36, p < .001, and B = 0.21; SE = 0.09, P = 0.016), but not PTSD symptoms. Indirect effects of pre-disaster depression and physical health symptoms via disaster exposure were non-significant, and neither moderated the association of disaster exposure on PTSD and MDD symptoms.ConclusionsResearch is needed to understand other pathways through which pre-disaster health conditions predict post-disaster mental health.
  PubDate: 2025-02-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.169
The Necessity of a Health and Safety Officer in a Public Health Emergency
Operations Center
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  Authors: Villarroel; Lisa, Kenney, Alicia, Stegemeyer, Joshua, Eller, Brian
  First page: 23
  PubDate: 2025-02-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.314
Supporting Breastfeeding Women Amid Natural Disasters in the US: A Scoping
Review
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  Authors: Russell; Jennifer H., Haushalter, Alisa, Rhoads, Sarah J.
  First page: 24
  Abstract: ObjectivesMothers, particularly those who are breastfeeding, as well as their babies are often overlooked populations during natural disasters. Still, the ever-growing frequency and severity of natural disasters in the United States (US) have increased the likelihood that a breastfeeding family will experience a natural disaster. In 2019, 83% of all newborns received breastmilk, and 84% of Americans lived in an area that recently experienced a natural disaster. This scoping review aimed to identify ways to support breastfeeding women, infants, and young children during a natural disaster.MethodsA search was performed using Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and CINHAL databases to identify articles published in the English language from September 2005—September 2023 according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Each article was chosen based on noted inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted per the pre-prepared protocol.ResultsTen articles were selected for the scoping review, examining key characteristics and recommendations. The authors of the included articles used varying approaches to present the information, and differing approaches to supporting breastfeeding during disasters were observed. Only 3 of the 10 articles were research studies, 3 were editorials, 2 were program descriptions or evaluations, 1 was an education article, and 1 was a report. All articles addressed women, pregnant or postpartum women, infants, and/or young children. All articles addressed hurricanes, and 1 article addressed 2 disasters: a winter storm and a hurricane.ConclusionsRecommendations include the adoption of breastfeeding women, infants, and young children in disaster plans as a special population with unique needs, integration of breastfeeding support into disaster plans, and training disaster workers to support breastfeeding during disasters.
  PubDate: 2025-02-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.323
Additional Investigations of UV-C Irradiation Schemes for Viral
Decontamination of FFP2 Masks
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  Authors: Vaupel; Franziska, Kupke, Katja, Mutters, Nico T., Scheid, Patrick L., Weppler, Ruth, Döhla, Manuel
  First page: 25
  Abstract: The reprocessing of personal protective equipment that is only intended for single use has been brought into focus by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, especially regarding respiratory masks.1–4
  PubDate: 2025-02-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.26
Investigation of Avalanche Events Occurring in Palandöken Ski Resort
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  Authors: Torpuş; Kemal, Usta, Galip, Atalay, Ezgi, Gündüz, Fatma
  First page: 26
  Abstract: The aim of the study is to examine the avalanche events that occurred in Erzurum Palandöken Ski Resort. Palandöken’s topography makes it vulnerable to avalanches. Avalanches are the rapid and sudden flow of snow masses accumulated on slopes and are considered one of the natural disasters. Several avalanches have occurred on Palandöken Mountain, leading to tragic results. In 1974, six people were buried under an avalanche and rescue teams were injured in a secondary avalanche. In subsequent years, avalanches died four people in 1975, one person in 1976, and eight people on Dragon Peak in 1977. In 2006, one tourist died in an avalanche on Palandöken Mountain. The last avalanche disaster on Palandöken Mountain, which occurred on December 21, 2024, resulted in the death of an athlete from the Kocaeli Judo National Team of the Turkish Olympic Preparation Center. Palandöken, one of Türkiye’s leading winter tourism destinations, hosts international events but faces significant avalanche risks due to its topography. In order to reduce these risks, it is essential to establish avalanche early warning and monitoring systems, provide avalanche safety training for tourists and personnel, and implement infrastructure measures to reduce avalanche hazards.
  PubDate: 2025-02-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.7
Pediatric Mass Casualty Incident and a Critical Care Response
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  Authors: Snooks; Kellie C., Wehrenberg, Kelsey, Rajzer-Wakeham, Kari, Nelson, Heather, Rothschild, Charles, Rajapreyar, Prakadeshwari, Luetje, Maureen, Scanlon, Matthew C., Petersen, Tara L., Meyer, Michael T.
  First page: 27
  Abstract: The authors offer reflections and lessons learned in a single pediatric tertiary center’s experience during a pediatric mass casualty incident (MCI). The MCI occurred at a holiday parade and the patients were brought to multiple community emergency departments for initial resuscitation prior to transfer to the Pediatric level 1 trauma center. In total, 18 children presented with severe blunt force trauma after a motor vehicle entered the parade route. Following initial triage in emergency departments, 10 of 18 children injured during the incident were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, collectively representing a system-wide stressor of emergency medicine, critical care, and surgical services. Institutional characteristics, activation of personnel and supplies, and psychosocial support for families during an MCI are important to consider in children’s hospitals’ disaster preparedness planning.
  PubDate: 2025-02-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.25
Psychological and Physiological Effects of Sleeping Bag-shaped Aluminum
Sheets on Night-time Sleep in Winter: A Disaster Medicine Study
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  Authors: Nishimura; Kazuki, Tamari, Yutaro, Onodera, Sho, Nagasaki, Koji
  First page: 28
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study investigated the psychological and physiological effects of using sleeping bag-shaped aluminum sheets during night-time sleep in winter to reduce cold stimulation and improve the sleeping environment in disaster evacuation shelters.MethodsSixteen healthy male participants in Hiroshima City underwent 2 experimental conditions in January and December 2023: night-time sleep in winter with and without a sleeping bag-shaped aluminum sheets. Sleep–wake rhythm during night-time sleep (discriminant analysis method), subjective sleep soundness, mood state profile, heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac autonomic nervous system modulation were measured. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank sum test, Friedman’s test, and paired t-test were performed.ResultsThermal sensation of warmth and subjective sleep soundness were significantly greater with than without the aluminum sheets. Total sleep time and sleep efficiency were also significantly greater, whereas the frequency and duration of wakefulness after sleep onset were significantly less. Total mood disturbance, fatigue-inertia, and vivid-activity were significantly different between the control, aluminum sheets, and home conditions. Physiological parameters did not differ significantly.ConclusionsThese data suggest that using sleeping bag-shaped aluminum sheets in disaster evacuation shelters in winter could be effective in improving sleep–wake rhythms and subjective sleep soundness, although negative emotions were not improved.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.32
Bridging the Gap: Utilization of Data Trends to Understand Disaster
Preparedness and Emergency Management Training Enrollment Among Health
Care Professionals
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  Authors: Keenan; Kayla Marie, Gujral, Rashmeet, Harris, Matthew Isaac, Martinez, Corey, Mahoney, Mary
  First page: 29
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe frequency of disaster and emergency events continues to rise. Despite this, healthcare staff report a lack of emergency preparedness knowledge and training. Therefore, this study aims to understand the professional backgrounds of students enrolled in healthcare emergency management training, with the goal of highlighting enrollment trends to better utilize resources and expand training opportunities.MethodsOver two thousand data points were retrospectively collected from emergency management course registrations. Occupational backgrounds were categorized for ease of analysis. Test of associations between occupation and course enrollment were based on the chi-square test.ResultsNon-clinical professionals were significantly more likely to be enrolled in emergency management courses than clinical professionals. Of the clinical professionals, nurses represented the highest rates of enrollment, while physicians had the lowest enrollment rates, representing less than 2% of the data set.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that occupation is correlated to variances in emergency management course enrollment. Additionally, there is a lack of clinical professionals adequately trained in disaster response, especially physicians. Thoughtfully designed emergency management courses tailored to different professional roles could be a key strategy for improving enrollment.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.14
Individuals’ COVID-19 Awareness and Health Literacy Levels in Eastern
Turkey: A Descriptive Correlational Design
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  Authors: Okten; Merve Meral, Yalcinoz Baysal, Hasret
  First page: 30
  Abstract: ObjectiveIndividuals’ COVID-19 protection and awareness could be related to their health literacy levels. This study aims to determine individuals’ COVID-19 awareness and health literacy levels in eastern Turkey and the relationship between them.MethodsThis study utilized a descriptive and correlational design. The target population was individuals aged 18-65 years who sought treatment in the emergency department of a state hospital in Turkey. The sample consisted of 762 individuals who visited the health institution where data were collected between July 15, 2021-December 15, 2021 and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the COVID-19 Awareness Scale, and the Health Literacy Scale. Ethics committee approval and institutional permissions were obtained to conduct the study. Data analysis used arithmetic means, standard deviations, skewness and kurtosis coefficients, t test, ANOVA, Welch ANOVA, Bonferroni tests, and correlation analysis.ResultsThe participants’ COVID-19 Awareness Scale total mean score was 50.71 ± 14.93, and the Health Literacy Scale total mean score was 45.03 ± 10.57. A moderate positive correlation was detected between the participants’ health literacy levels and the COVID-19 awareness scale sub-scales and total scores (r = 0.350).ConclusionsThe participants’ health literacy level increased with their COVID-19 awareness level. It is recommended that health literacy levels be increased to help individuals increase their awareness of COVID-19 and to protect and improve their health.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.23
Integrating Disease Investigation Escape Room and Preparedness Simulation
into Nursing Education
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  Authors: Phan; Quyen To, Chance-Revels, Rebekah, Clark-Youngblood, Morgan, Baker, Helen, Kimble, Laura P.
  First page: 31
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis report describes the implementation and evaluation of a unique escape room game/unfolding public health preparedness simulation into nursing education. The innovative approach was designed to teach disease investigation, epidemiological principles, and technical skills such as the tuberculosis (TB) skin testing techniques.MethodsThe escape room/unfolding health preparedness simulation was implemented with 29 pre-licensure nursing students and involved game-like activities as well as a realistic disaster simulation scenario with standardized patients.ResultsThe project yielded positive outcomes, with students demonstrating increased knowledge and confidence. Students also recommended the simulation for teaching disaster preparedness, highlighting its effectiveness. Evaluation data also suggested refinement of the simulation around the nurses’ roles.ConclusionsWhile implementing this teaching innovation had challenges, the approach enhanced active learning, critical thinking, and teamwork in nursing education, preparing students for real-world health care challenges. The project underscores the importance of such simulations in training nursing students for public health emergencies. It also highlights the need for further research to assess long-term impacts on student outcomes, indicating the potential for continued improvement and development in the field.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.28
Adopting Technological Innovations to Enhance Disaster Event Response
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  Authors: Leone; Ryan Michael, Rainwater-Lovett, Kaitlin, Hanfling, Dan
  First page: 32
  Abstract: The convergence of medical and technological developments has continued to transform the delivery of medical care in disaster environments, incorporating advances from telecommunications to physiologic monitoring, artificial intelligence, and computer vision. However, unless the interconnected nature of these developments is conceptualized with a proper framework, there is a risk of overlooking applications, developing silos, and limiting interoperability between innovations. To develop such a framework, this piece integrated a review of current literature, expert insights, and global market trends to propose 4 categories of innovations: (1) Enabling Technologies, (2) Signal Acquisition, (3) Data Utilization, and (4) Applications. Applications can be further subdivided into 4 use cases: (1) Disease and Injury Surveillance and Detection, (2) Population Protection, (3) Responder Protection, and (4) Disease and Injury Management. Practitioners, policymakers, and private sector counterparts can utilize this framework to change their clinical practices, allocate funds in a stepwise fashion, or prioritize development projects, respectively.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.22
Mental Health Rehabilitation in Gaza: Addressing the Impact of Ongoing War
Conflict on Access and Challenges, a Systematic Review
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  Authors: Qutishat; Mohammed
  First page: 33
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe ongoing conflict in Gaza, intensified since October 2023, has critically disrupted mental health services, exacerbating issues such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression among the population. This systematic review aims to identify and assess the challenges faced in mental health rehabilitation during this period.MethodsUtilizing the Arksey & O’Malley framework and PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across 6 databases. Studies focusing on barriers to mental health services for Gazan residents were selected, and data were extracted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) for quality assessment.ResultsEight studies were included, revealing significant barriers to accessing mental health services, including extensive damage to health care infrastructure, a shortage of trained professionals, economic hardships, and a pervasive distrust in health care institutions.ConclusionsThe findings underscore the urgent need for tailored interventions and strategies to enhance access to mental health services and rebuild trust within the community. Addressing these barriers is essential for effective psychological rehabilitation and long-term recovery for the affected population in Gaza.
  PubDate: 2025-02-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.34
The New Health Educational Method of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience
from Wuhan, China
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  Authors: Wang; Wenjing, Ran, Li, Chen, Xuyu, Tan, Xiaodong
  First page: 34
  Abstract: The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) threatens people’s lives, and they pay more attention to health than ever before. Medical workers and other members of society need to have knowledge of responding to medical emergencies, as does the public. With the improvement of the public’s health literacy, we will have more chances to prevent the development of the pandemic. The fifth-generation Pavilion of Health Emergency Experience (Wuhan, China) provides a new health interactive platform. It introduces advanced technology to present how these events happen, how they evolve, and how they are handled. With a deep understanding of the construction and structure of pavilions in this field both at home and abroad, we will know our limitations and make efforts to innovate. Therefore, we should make full use of the advanced technology of public health to benefit the people. And the fifth-generation pavilion deserves to generalize in other areas.
  PubDate: 2025-02-18
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.15
Preparing for Inclusion of Agricultural Workers in Climate-Related and
Other Public Health Emergencies: A Quantitative Content Analysis of County
Emergency Preparedness Plans, Eastern North Carolina, 2022-2023
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  Authors: Iyore; Efosa V. E., Braswell, Quinton, Flores Rosas, Adrian, Lee, Joseph G. L., Sesay, Mahdi, Russell, Kelli, LePrevost, Catherine E., Garzón, Lariza, Dollar, Nathan T.
  First page: 35
  Abstract: ObjectiveAgricultural workers such as migrant and seasonal farmworkers are a population uniquely vulnerable to the negative effects of climate-related disasters. The primary aim of this study was to assess how counties in eastern North Carolina (NC) incorporated best practices related to agricultural workers in emergency preparedness planning.MethodsThe authors conducted a quantitative content analysis of 47 emergency preparedness plans from 41 eastern NC counties between November 2022 and March 2023. The research team developed a codebook based on recommended best practices from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Farmworker Advocacy Network, Federal Emergency Management Agency, and National Center for Farmworker Health. Best practices included having materials in Spanish language, mapping vulnerable populations, and garnering input from agricultural workers.ResultsOf the 47 plans evaluated, most lacked inclusion of agricultural workers in emergency preparedness planning. Furthermore, plans demonstrated few relevant best practices that address agricultural workers’ specific challenges in preparation for and recovery from climate-related disasters.ConclusionsPublic emergency preparedness plans in eastern NC rarely include mention of recommended best practices related to agricultural workers. Local emergency preparedness officials should consider collaboration with advocacy groups, community health workers, and federal emergency management agencies to build disaster resilience.
  PubDate: 2025-02-18
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.31
Adapting WHO Rapid Response Teams Advanced Training Program to Saudi
Arabia’s Public Health Needs: A Systematic Process
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  Authors: Alahmari; Asma, Tabche, Celine, Adawi, Abdu, Alanazi, Salma, Alfallaj, Lenah, Aljumah, Mohammed, Alkahtani, Haya, Atwan, Zeenah, Shami, Sahar, Sulaimani, Ghofran, Rawaf, Salman, Alkhorisi, Ahmad
  First page: 36
  Abstract: ObjectivesTo enhance the emergency response preparedness of public health professionals in Saudi Arabia, the World Health Organization Rapid Response Team Advanced Training Package (WHO RRT ATP) was adapted. It was designed to align with local cultural and operational contexts.MethodsA 2-day workshop was conducted involving experts who reviewed and modified the adapted WHO RRT ATP training materials. The process was structured into 7 phases: needs assessment, stakeholder analysis, cultural tailoring, content adaptation, module selection, implementation planning, and evaluation framework development.ResultsKey challenges revealed included inadequate hospital coordination, shortage of trained personnel and medical services, and insufficient knowledge of disease transmission. Core training modules were adapted, and supplementary materials were reviewed. Key considerations included addressing existing gaps, cultural sensitivity, and current outbreak trends in KSA. Participants’ feedback showed high satisfaction, with 86.7% of participants providing a mean rating of 4.77 on day 1 and 80% of participants giving an average rating of 4.67 on day 2 on a Likert scale of 1-5.ConclusionsCultural and country needs were key factors in the workshop’s successful outcomes. The adapted training program is anticipated to significantly enhance the preparedness of health care professionals in KSA to manage public health emergencies.
  PubDate: 2025-02-18
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.27
A Qualitative Analysis of Opportunities to Strengthen Coordination Between
Humanitarian Mine Action and Emergency Care for Civilian Casualties of
Explosive Injury
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  Authors: Wild; Hannah B., Trautwein, Micah, Fontanet, Constance, Hottentot, Elke, Kasack, Sebastian, Munyambabazi, Alex, Calvello-Hynes, Emilie, Kushner, Adam, Stewart, Barclay
  First page: 37
  Abstract: ObjectivesExplosive ordnance (EO) and explosive weapons (EW) inflict significant suffering on civilian populations in conflict and post-conflict settings. At present, there is limited coordination between humanitarian mine action (HMA) and emergency care for civilian victims of EO/EW. Key informant interviews with sector experts were conducted to evaluate strategies for enhanced engagement between HMA and emergency care capacity-building in EO/EW-affected settings.MethodsA cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted to interview HMA and health sector experts. Data were analyzed in Dedoose using deductive and inductive coding methods.ResultsNineteen key informants were interviewed representing sector experts in HMA, health, and policy domains intersecting with the care of EO/EW casualties. Recommendations included integration of layperson first responder trainings with EO risk education, development of prehospital casualty notification systems with standardized health facility capacity mapping, and refresher trainings for HMA medics at local health facilities.ConclusionsMedical capabilities within the HMA sector hold potential to strengthen emergency care for civilian EO/EW casualties yet in the absence of structured coordination strategies is underutilized for this purpose. Increased HMA engagement in emergency care may enhance implementation of evidence-based emergency care interventions to decrease preventable death and disability among civilian victims of EO/EW in low-resource settings.
  PubDate: 2025-02-20
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.30
Development of the Disaster Risk Perception Scale: Evaluation of Its
Impact on Disaster Preparedness
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  Authors: Kiymis; Ibrahim, Kaya, Afsin Ahmet
  First page: 38
  Abstract: ObjectivesDeveloping a disaster risk perception scale is a critical component of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), enabling the assessment and evaluation of the reactions, behaviors, and risk culture characteristics of individuals living under disaster risk. The objective of this study is to develop a disaster risk perception scale and to assess its effect on disaster preparedness.MethodsA pilot study was conducted with 359 participants, followed by a main study involving 786 participants. All participants resided in Giresun and Elazig, Turkey, the regions recently affected by earthquakes, floods, and landslides.ResultsA reliable and valid disaster risk perception scale with 25 items and 5 dimensions (exposure/impact, probability, uncontrollable, worry/fear, and vulnerability) was developed. The disaster risk perception of the participants differed significantly according to their educational level, income level, city of residence, and disaster education. As per the multiple regression analysis, the exposure/impact and worry/fear variables had positive and significant effects on disaster preparedness.ConclusionsFor future studies, it is recommended to implement the disaster risk perception scale across diverse disaster types to assess and evaluate the outcomes effectively.
  PubDate: 2025-02-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.38
Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire Short Version (WFRQ-9): Development
and Initial Validation for Disaster Scenarios
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  Authors: Guo; Chunlan, Sim, Timothy
  First page: 39
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe study aimed to develop and validate a short scale of family resilience for disaster scenarios. The Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ-32) was adopted as the foundation for short version development.MethodsThe reliability and validity were evaluated using a sample of 1015 participants collected from a population-based cross-sectional study in Hong Kong. A confirmatory factor analysis was employed to scrutinize the factor structure of the short scale. Multivariate regression modeling was adopted to investigate the key determinants that enable families to overcome adversities and disasters.ResultsThe Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire Short Version (WFRQ-9) with 9 items demonstrated satisfactory measurement properties, including good explanatory power, construct validity, and high internal reliability. The WFRQ-9 presented a robust factor structure, with a 2-layer 3-factor model yielding the best fit. Proactive disaster preparedness and emergency response behaviors, and ample living space increased WFRQ-9 score. Lower education level, residence in government-subsidized housing, and having disabled family members decreased WFRQ-9 score.ConclusionsThe validated WFRQ-9 can be used to measure family resilience in interventions aimed at improving disaster resilience. Moreover, it emphasizes the significance of fostering family resilience for improved adaptation in the face of escalating disaster risks to families and communities worldwide.
  PubDate: 2025-02-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.348
Individual Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies: Research on
Meskhetian Turks
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  Authors: Tercan; Bahadır
  First page: 40
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe main objective of this study is to investigate the level of disaster preparedness and associated socio-demographic characteristics of Meskhetian Turks as a marginalized population who migrated to Erzincan, Turkey due to war and conflict.MethodsA total of 426 individuals between the ages of 18-65 participated in this study. Data were collected through face-to-face interview technique by utilizing the General Disaster Preparedness Belief Scale. The t test and one-way ANOVA test and multiple regression analysis (Enter model) were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe total scale scores of the participants ranged between 80-138, with a mean score of 105.43±10.88. It was determined that the disaster preparedness levels of those who were between 32-38 years of age, who had bachelor’s degree, who had disaster experience, and who received disaster training were higher. It was determined that there was a significant positive relationship between the disaster preparedness levels of the participants and age, education level, and disaster training.ConclusionsDisaster preparedness levels of Meskhetian Turks were determined to be high. According to the results of the analyses, it was revealed that age, education level, and disaster training variables have a positive and significant effect on the level of disaster preparedness.
  PubDate: 2025-02-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.35
COVID-19 Risk and Crisis Communication Challenges and Opportunities:
Qualitative Insights from Rural Wastewater Surveillance Partners
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  Authors: Tucker; Savannah G., May, Beverly, Liversedge, Matthew, Berry, Scott, Keck, James W, Hoover, Anna Goodman
  First page: 41
  Abstract: ObjectivesUnderstand perceptions of COVID-19 messages and information sources among rural wastewater treatment plant operators to inform context-specific communication strategies for implementing wastewater surveillance methodologies locally.MethodsEight employees from 7 Eastern Kentucky facilities involved in SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance participated in semi-structured interviews. Respondents shared perceptions of traditional and social media COVID-19 information channels in their communities, as well as factors influencing trustworthiness of sources. Using the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) framework, 3 investigators conducted iterative, thematic coding of interview transcripts.ResultsRespondents’ statements most frequently related to “Be Credible,” “Be Right,” and “Promote Action” CERC constructs, while mixed messages, high volumes of information, and numerous sources undermined trust in COVID-19 information.ConclusionsUnderstanding the relative importance of CERC constructs and their distractors may improve future risk communication to advance infectious disease surveillance strategies in rural contexts.
  PubDate: 2025-02-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.36
The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response
Index: A Retrospective Study in an Italian Hospital
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  Authors: Rodi; Paolo, Weinstein, Eric S., Foti, Francesco, Somaschini, Roberta, Claus, Marco, von Schreeb, Johan
  First page: 42
  Abstract: ObjectiveTo quantitatively assess key performance indicator changes between selected pre-pandemic and pandemic periods at the Sant’Anna Hospital emergency department (ED) in Como, Italy through the retrospective use of Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response index (HSPRI).MethodsThis study collected the average length of stay (LOS), time-to-physician initial assessment (TPIA), and left-without-being seen (LWBS) rates for 2 pre-pandemic (control group) and 3 pandemic periods (study group) in the COVID ED (C-ED) dedicated to treat COVID-19 patients and the non-COVID ED (NC-ED) dedicated to non-COVID cases. Quantitative analysis was based on hypothesis testing. A retrospective qualitative theme and subtheme analysis based on the HSPRI was conducted on baseline strategies before each pandemic period and on the actions implemented thereafter.ResultsLOS increased across all pandemic periods. TPIA decreased in the first 2 pandemic periods in comparison to pre-pandemic. LWBS decreased between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Of the 22 action items listed in the HSPRI, 8 were implemented in the first pandemic period, 8 in the second and 1 in the third, for a total of 17 items.ConclusionsThe HSPRI demonstrated value as a tool for a hospital staff to actively utilize during a pandemic to identify KPI triggers to formulate actions to maintain pre-pandemic care or ameliorate the deterioration of care during the pandemic.
  PubDate: 2025-02-20
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.4
The Effects of Cultural Factors on Food Assistance After Disaster: A
Scoping Review
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  Authors: Koçak; Hüseyin, Karakuş, Esma, Çalışkan, Cüneyt, Dağ, Nihal, Kınık, Kerem, Güzel, Aysun
  First page: 43
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to identify the cultural factors that influence the acceptance of food aid by those affected by disasters.MethodsA literature review was conducted on articles published in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect databases until March 30, 2023, using keywords determined within the scope of the subject. This study follows the PICOS (participation, intervention, comparison, outcomes, study desings) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Twelve articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the findings.ResultsThe study comprised 12 articles, of which 3 were cross-sectional, 5 were qualitative, 1 was descriptive, and 3 were mixed method studies. Thematic analysis identified 7 themes that emerged from the cultural factors/codes affecting nutrition activities in disasters: local and traditional food, socio-economic status, faith/religion, traditional practices and habits, cultural food beliefs and taboos, food sharing, and social organization.ConclusionsA considerable body of research indicates that the selection of local and traditional foods is a key cultural factor influencing the efficacy of nutrition interventions and food assistance programs in the aftermath of disasters. It is therefore essential to take into account the identified cultural factors in order to ensure that the nutrition intervention is both accurate and efficient, and to enhance the acceptance of the population.
  PubDate: 2025-02-21
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.1
Navigating the (Post-) Pandemic Landscape: An Analysis of COVID-19’s
Current Status and Future Implications
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  Authors: Bistagnino; Filippo, Subramanian, Arunkumar, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto
  First page: 44
  Abstract: Although it is true that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation has improved significantly around the world, especially after the implementation of mass vaccination campaigns, there is still a lack of consensus both in the literature and among health authorities and other stakeholders about the current epidemiological situation. This, in turn, has been intensified after the World Health Organization declared the end of the public health emergency of international concern related to COVID-19. In this context, worrying questions have arisen, including a rampant dissemination of scientific misinformation coupled with increased resistance to the implementation and/or revocation of appropriate public health measures. In response to these challenges and hoping to contribute to their mitigation, this article addresses current aspects about the epidemiological situation of COVID-19, discusses long COVID and its controversies, the intensification of scientific misinformation as well as considerations on related health surveillance, and recommendations for improving the existing situation.
  PubDate: 2025-02-21
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.10
Improving Humanitarian Emergency Medical Team Operations in Conflict
Settings
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  Authors: Ryder; Jessica Ashley, Callaway, David, Nelson, Erica
  First page: 45
  Abstract: The number of conflict-affected individuals is climbing. Humanitarian organizations are increasingly needed to provide medical care when governments lack capacity to care for affected communities. While the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Emergency Medical Team (EMT) initiative provides a verification process for organizations seeking to provide health care in the setting of various disasters, it does not address the unique operational challenges of deployment into conflict-affected communities. One solution is the implementation of a supplemental process similar to current verification procedures, wherein the WHO adopts a policy encouraging teams to complete an additional conflict-oriented verification, based on WHO Red Book recommendations, if they plan to operate in conflict settings The EMT initiative possesses expertise and the convening authority to drive international standards for care provision during health emergencies and is the obvious platform to create a rigorous process to ensure that EMTs in conflict zones are appropriately trained, vetted, and accountable.
  PubDate: 2025-02-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.16
Evaluation Of the Readiness of Family Physicians In the Prevention of
Cyberchondria
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  Authors: Parlakkılıç; Alaattin
  First page: 46
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe purpose of this research is to determine the readiness of family physicians to prevent cyberchondria.MethodsThe Family Physicians’ Cyberchondria Levels Assessment Questionnaire was applied to 124 family physicians to determine readiness.ResultsFamily physicians mention that there can be accurate data on diagnosis and treatments on the internet (62%), but patients’ anxiety increases (88%); reach physicians and find answers on the websites of family physicians. Individuals with low health literacy research on the internet are concerned about family physicians (84.6%). Family physicians declare patients have medication with Internet information (84%), diagnose themselves with research on the internet (85.2%), and have high anxiety levels (83.2%). The family physicians use WhatsApp (90.3%) to answer patients’ questions and increase cyberchondria awareness. The family physicians have knowledge about cyberchondria, accept cyberchondria as a health problem, and have computer literacy.ConclusionsThe Internet provides individuals with a low-cost and easily accessible source of health information. The patients researching the internet have high anxiety and low health literacy. To prevent cyberchondria, direct communication with family physicians, development of health literacy, and facilitating access to communication and counseling services on the internet by central health authorities are essential.
  PubDate: 2025-02-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.37
Perceived Preparedness and Mental Health in Response to the COVID-19
Pandemic in the UK Population
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  Authors: Robinson; Sarita Jane, Brooks, Matthew, Fallon, Naomi, Campodonico, Carolina, Liyanage, Champika
  First page: 47
  Abstract: ObjectivePreparedness levels have been shown to improve the outcomes for people who find themselves in an emergency. However, uptake of preparedness behaviors by the public prior to a major disaster is limited. This 2-part study examined perceived preparedness in the UK during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 1), and 2 years later (Study 2).MethodsBoth studies investigated the effect of individual demographics (gender, age, perceived socioeconomic and health status) on perceived preparedness. Next, the studies examined the extent to which perceived preparedness was associated with mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms). Participants (Study 1, N = 409) completed an online survey in May to June 2020 during a national lockdown, with another sample (Study 2, N = 87) completing the same survey from March to July 2022.ResultsAcross both studies, participants completed 2 to 3 different preparedness activities. Greater subjective perceptions of socioeconomic status were associated with perceived preparedness. Preparedness levels were related with better mental health, and unrelated to age and gender.ConclusionsEncouraging the public to engage with preparedness behaviors may not only have practical benefits but also help to protect mental well-being during a disaster.
  PubDate: 2025-03-04
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.42
Temporal Trends in Acute Mental Health Problems during the Emergency
Medical Team Response to Cyclone Idai 2019 in Mozambique: Findings from
the WHO Emergency Medical Team Minimum Data Set
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  Authors: Fukunaga; Ami, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Yumiya, Yui, Cossa, Matchecane, Ussene, Isse, Toyokuni, Yoshiki, Kayano, Ryoma, Salio, Flavio, Kubo, Tatsuhiko
  First page: 48
  Abstract: ObjectiveIn 2017, the World Health Organization introduced an international standardized medical data collection tool for disasters, known as the Emergency Medical Team (EMT) Minimum Data Set (MDS). The EMT MDS was activated for the first time in 2019 in response to Cyclone Idai in Mozambique. The present study aimed to examine the daily and phase trends in acute mental health problems identified by international EMTs during their response to Cyclone Idai and reported using the EMT MDS.MethodsJoinpoint regression analysis was used to examine daily trends in acute mental health consultations. Trends were also examined by phases, which were identified using joinpoints.ResultsDuring the 90-day EMT response period following Cyclone Idai, 94 acute mental health consultations were reported. The daily trend analysis showed a significant increase in the daily number and percentage of acute mental health consultations from response onset until day 13, followed by a gradual decline (P
  PubDate: 2025-03-04
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.29
Public Health Emergency Response and Recovery in Limited Resource Setting:
Lesson learned from Hanang District Floods and Landslide in Tanzania
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  Authors: Kiremeji; Michael, Eliakimu, Eliudi, Sawe, Hendry, Sindato, Calvin, Samwel, Angela John, Heller, James, Kwesi, Elias Masau, Slyvanus, Erasto, Ubuguyu, Omary, Masuma, Janeth, Msemwa, Faraja, Kayera, Damas, Kodi, Mohamed, Hokororo, Joseph, Massa, Khalid, Kapologwe, Ntuli, Kilindimo, Saidi, Mfinanga, Juma, Magembe, Grace, Nagu, Tumaini, Kibusi, Stephen, Jingu, John
  First page: 49
  Abstract: ObjectiveIn December 2023, floods and landslides in Hanang District, Northern Tanzania, caused severe casualties, infrastructure damage, and community displacement. We describe the public health emergency response and lessons learnt during this disaster to guide future mitigations.MethodsRetrospective data collection during the disaster was made through quantitative (description of casualties) and qualitative (interviews and focus groups) approaches to provide insights into psychosocial support, coordination, and other response pillars. Microsoft Excel (2019) was used for quantitative data analysis, and MAX Qualitative Data Analysis was used to manage qualitative data.ResultsSoft tissue injuries, bruises, and lacerations were the most common (60.43%), with 87.77% of casualties recovering and a notable fatality rate of 12.23%. Mental health and psychosocial support reached over 3300 individuals, offering depression assessments and family reconnections. Establishing a dual-level public health response team and implementing the Incident Management System demonstrated the country’s response efficiency.ConclusionsThe public health emergency response to the 2023 floods and landslides in Hanang District was largely effective. This demonstrated strong coordination, capacity, and resilience of Tanzania health system; however, the fatality rate highlighted a need for further investment to improve future disaster prevention, preparedness, and response.
  PubDate: 2025-03-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.39
Effect of Inactivated Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 on Immunogenicity
Outcome
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  Authors: Ma; Yuke, Du, Yukuan, Yang, Jingnan, Wang, Huichao, Lin, Xuhong
  First page: 50
  Abstract: ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to measure and examine the levels of IgG, IgM, and Spike antibody induced by inactivated vaccines, including CoronaVac and BBIBP-CorV.MethodsTwo groups of healthy adults over 18 years old (50 participants per group), who had previously received 1 dose of either BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac and receiving either a homologous booster of BBIBP-CorV or a heterologous booster of CoronaVac. Serum IgG, IgM, and Spike antibody levels against SARS-COV-2 were measured using magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay and the ELISA method.ResultsThe results showed that both spike antibody and IgG/IgM antibodies elicited by a CoronaVac booster following 1 dose of BBIBP-CorV were significantly higher than those elicited by either a homologous BBIBP-CorV booster or a heterologous BBIBP-CorV booster. The Spike antibody against SARS-COV-2 induced by the heterologous CoronaVac booster reached 200.3, which is substantially greater than that induced by the homologous BBIBP-CorV booster (127.5 pg/mL). Conversely, the Spike antibody against SARS-COV-2 induced by the heterologous BBIBP-CorV booster reached 53.93 pg/mL, which is substantially greater than that induced by the homologous CoronaVac booster (9.60 pg/mL).ConclusionsIn summary, CoronaVac is immunogenic as a booster dose following 1 dose of BBIBP-CorV and is immunogenically superior to both the homologous booster and the heterologous BBIBP-CorV booster.
  PubDate: 2025-03-04
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.331
The Relationship Between Disaster Literacy and Disaster Preparedness in
Community: After Earthquake Study
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  Authors: Kılınç İşleyen; Eda, Serpen, Esra, Boztoprak, Zeliha, Çınkır, Özge Nur, Çınar, Elif
  First page: 51
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study was conducted to examine the relationship between disaster literacy and disaster preparedness of the community.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on adult participants after a major earthquake that occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023 (n = 414). Convenience sample was used in sample selection. Data collection instruments are the Disaster Literacy Scale-DLS and Disaster Preparedness Scale-DPS. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t test, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsParticipants’ DLS score was 33.08 ± 6.72 (limited disaster literacy) and DPS score was 31.89 ± 5.15 (moderate level). A positive correlation was found between DLS and DPS scores (r = 0.242; P = 0.000). Disaster literacy scores are higher for those with higher education levels, those who have taken disaster-related training/courses, those who have a disaster plan at home, and those who have a disaster kit (P
  PubDate: 2025-03-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.48
Factors Associated with Resilience in Children During a Disaster: A
Scoping Review
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  Authors: Shabahang; Roxanna, Arena, Ana-Sofia, Navis, Irene, Kuhls, Deborah, Newton, Christopher, Burke, Rita V.
  First page: 52
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis scoping review maps and assesses the literature on resilience in children affected by disasters, identifying critical factors that contribute to resilience, including social support, mental health, family function, and socioeconomic status.MethodsA literature search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Scopus for studies published between 2002 and 2023, focusing on children and adolescents (ages 0-18) affected by natural or man-made disasters. Studies on adults, PTSD, or adverse childhood experiences were excluded. Data extraction was thematically synthesized to examine resilience factors.ResultsOf 244 articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria. Social support emerged as a key resilience factor in 8 studies, and 6 linked higher resilience to fewer mental health symptoms. Five studies during COVID-19 highlighted adaptive behaviors, while family dynamics and community support were critical in 5 studies. Socioeconomic status, explored in 4 studies, revealed complex influences.ConclusionsSocial and emotional support are crucial for resilience in children after disasters. Targeted interventions could significantly improve outcomes. Limitations include few child-focused studies and uncontrolled confounders. Future research should focus on resilience interventions, especially for lower socioeconomic populations.
  PubDate: 2025-03-11
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.341
The Next Pandemic' Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome on the Rise
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  Authors: Khan; Maimoona, Furrukh, Naqiyah, Naveed, Farwa
  First page: 53
  Abstract: The emergence of Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS) poses a global health challenge after the COVID-19 pandemic. As of June 2024, the number of STSS cases in Japan has risen to 977, surpassing the previous year’s total. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep) can cause superficial infections as well as more severe conditions, including necrotizing fasciitis and STSS. It mainly spreads through respiratory droplets and open wounds, with overcrowded living conditions and poor sanitation exacerbating transmission. With no definitive treatment currently available, good hygiene and effective clinical management is the key to prevention. Public education on risk factors and preventive measures, as well as disease monitoring and adherence to treatment guidelines is crucial in reducing transmission and preventing the development of complications. The potential for STSS to transform into a global pandemic necessitates international cooperation in taking actions to limit the disease. Improved healthcare infrastructure and proactive public health measures can help mitigate the risk of another global health crisis.
  PubDate: 2025-03-06
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.44
One Health Practice by Harmonizing and Adopting the International
Classification of Diseases-11
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  Authors: Asokan; Govindaraj Vaithinathan
  First page: 54
  Abstract: There are over 200 known zoonotic diseases. Over half of all recognized human pathogens are currently or originally zoonotic, as are 60%-76% of recent emerging pathogens, yet a few are coded in International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11). The practice of animal health estimates is fragmented. The numbers and categorization of animals are not consistent across different organizations or over time. The coding attributes of ICD-11 on morbidity, mortality, and zoonoses don’t exist in WAHIS. An innovation in methodology to adopt ICD-11 in World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) and code for zoonoses is required. To meet the key principles of One Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) and translate the One Health approach into actionable policies, there is a compelling need to estimate the magnitude of all human and animal diseases, particularly zoonoses, using the refined codes of ICD-11.
  PubDate: 2025-03-07
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.40
Providing Health Care in Humanitarian Crises: A Field Report from an
NGO’s Response to the 2022 Pakistan Flooding
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  Authors: Nazeer; Ali Hyder, Qadir, Mohammad Shahzaib, Khan, Fiza Adnan, Ibrahim, Muhammad, Abidi, Syed Muhammad Aqeel
  First page: 55
  Abstract: After Pakistan was hit with disastrous floods in 2022, health care needs and delivery were severely compromised. This prompted the Humanity Initiative, an organization of medical students from Karachi to conduct 15 medical camps, facilitating over 15 000 displaced individuals. The severity and extent of the natural disaster coupled with limited resources uncovered unique challenges. Assessment of interventions was based on objective evaluations and periodically conducted discussions, with essential findings focusing on flexibility, adaptability, active community involvement, and sustainable health goals. In conclusion, the response underscores the importance of coordinated action and emphasizes future disaster management strategies.
  PubDate: 2025-03-12
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.51
Effective Utilization of Medical Containers in Disaster Response: Insights
from the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake
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  Authors: Inaba; Mototaka, Hagihara, Akihito, Nagata, Takashi
  First page: 56
  PubDate: 2025-03-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.60
What is Disaster Readiness Among Health Care Professionals' A Systematic
Integrative Review Study
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  Authors: Hugelius; Karin, Harada, Nahoko
  First page: 57
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the meaning of disaster readiness among health care professionals.MethodsA systematic, integrative literature review was conducted on PubMed, Chinal plus with full text, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and Scopus. Quality appraisal was conducted using the CASP checklists.ResultsA total of 22 scientific articles were included. Disaster readiness, from the perspectives of health care professionals, was defined as having sufficient skills and confidence to respond, having access to the necessary equipment, being able to adapt to the changing environment and organizational structure, and being willing to serve in a disaster.ConclusionsDisaster readiness is more than being prepared. Disaster readiness means moving beyond technical skills and knowledges to include personal mental preparedness and a willingness to confront the risks and take necessary precautions to stay safe and resilient in the efforts to help others. To enhance disaster readiness, preparations should include introducing elements that touch the soul, providing moral and personal motivation to serve in a disaster, and initiating thoughts on what such deployments or situations could be like for those affected as well as for health care professionals. How to enhance such trainings and develop effective training methods must be a focus for future studies.
  PubDate: 2025-03-17
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.58
Energy and Nutrient Evaluation of Foods Served in Turkish Red Crescent
Field Kitchens after the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake
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  Authors: Çalışkan; Cüneyt, Tuğba Öğünç, Yasemin, Kınık, Kerem, Dağ, Nihal, Burkay Durak, Muhammed
  First page: 58
  Abstract: ObjectiveAfter the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the study aimed to assess the nutritional quality, energy, and macronutrient content of meals from field kitchens, evaluating their capacity to meet recommended daily intakes in the region.MethodsThe contents of morning, lunch, and evening meals prepared by the Turkish Red Crescent in field kitchens in 10 provinces were collected on the second day of the earthquake and 3 times at 1-month intervals: February 7, March 7, and April 7.ResultsDuring the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, 570 public institutions and/or non-governmental organizations provided food assistance at 2.342 assembly points in 10 provinces on February 7, March 7, and April 7. In the aftermath of the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the Turkish Red Crescent provided meals to over 4.8 million people at 10 different locations for a period of 3 days. Starting from the second day after the earthquake (February 7), when food services were regularly recorded at nutrition service points, the percentages of macronutrients covering total energy were found to be within the normal range.ConclusionsTo promote the health of disaster survivors, it is important to improve the balanced RDAs for energy and macronutrients and ensure compliance with national dietary guidelines.
  PubDate: 2025-03-17
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.57
Challenges and Adaptive Measures for the Potential Next Pandemic Caused by
Climate Change
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  Authors: Moslehi; Shandiz, Narimani, Sajjad, Soleimanpour, Samira
  First page: 59
  Abstract: Climate change is increasingly recognized as a significant driver of emerging infectious diseases, with the potential to catalyze the next global pandemic. This paper explores the complex interplay between climate change and the emergence of novel pathogens, emphasizing the environmental, ecological, and socio-economic factors that contribute to disease transmission. Rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and habitat destruction are reshaping ecosystems, bringing humans into closer contact with zoonotic reservoirs and vectors. These changes amplify the risk of spillover events, as seen in recent outbreaks. The study identifies key challenges, including inadequate surveillance systems, limited global cooperation, and the disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations. Furthermore, it proposes adaptive measures such as enhanced early warning systems, integrated One Health approaches, and climate-resilient public health infrastructure. By addressing these challenges and implementing proactive strategies, the global community can mitigate the risk of a climate-driven pandemic and strengthen preparedness for future health crises. This paper underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary collaboration and policy innovation to safeguard global health in the face of a changing climate
  PubDate: 2025-03-17
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.56
The Challenges of an Emergency Nurse Team Working in an Active Conflict
Area
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  Authors: Qtait; Mohammed, Elayan, Rana Mohammed, Alshaikh, Abdalruhman Zaher, Alshaikh, Layali Khalil, Awwad, Ream Majde, Rajabi, Rawheya Zoher, Salahat, Anas Ahmad, Karkour, Tareq Ibrahim
  First page: 60
  Abstract: ObjectiveNurses, as the largest group of frontline responders, play a crucial role in managing catastrophic incidents and addressing the health needs of affected populations. This study aims to identify and analyze the challenges faced by emergency nurses in Palestine who work in active conflict zones.MethodsA quantitative, descriptive study design was employed. The research was conducted across emergency departments in 7 hospitals located in the West Bank. Data were collected from 171 nurses using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a challenge-specific questionnaire, developed and validated through literature review and expert consultations.ResultsThe study revealed that 70% of the nurses were aged between 25-29 years, with 51% being male and 60% married. Most respondents (95%) held a bachelor’s degree, 72% had received advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) training, and 68% had advanced trauma life support (ATLS) training. Additionally, 76% of the nurses were informed about critical cases before the patients arrived at the hospital. The main challenge during emergencies, as the results mention, are inadequate numbers of nurses and physicians (60%). There was a significant concern regarding whether the number of nurses was sufficient to manage the demands and pressures specific to active conflict environments, with 62% of those in nursing feeling unsafe.ConclusionsThe scope of emergency nurses’ challenges in managing several hospitals in areas of armed conflict was examined in this study. The resulting overview of their duties, difficulties, and experiences serves as a useful tool and presents crucial details for future emergency nursing workforce readiness. To perform effectively in armed conflict situations, emergency nurses complete a variety of preparatory courses; however, the necessary education and training should be carefully designed in accordance with their actual roles and responsibilities in these circumstances.
  PubDate: 2025-03-18
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.53
A Computer Vision and AI-based Approach to Remote Monitoring of Vital
Signs Under Rubble
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  Authors: Sahin; Abdul Samet
  First page: 61
  PubDate: 2025-03-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.64
Reframing Disaster Planning with Quality Improvement Methodology Using
Family Reunification as a Case Study
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  Authors: Pintea; Michelle, Lin, Anna, Shelton, Julie, Charney, Rachel, Chung, Sarita
  First page: 62
  Abstract: Comprehensive planning for family reunification following a disaster is complex and often underdeveloped, especially in hospitals. The 2013 and subsequent 2021 National Pediatric Readiness Project revealed less than half of hospitals had disaster plans that addressed the needs of children. Leveraging quality improvement (QI) language and methodology allows for alignment and engagement of hospital leaders and personnel unaccustomed to disaster planning. We aimed to create a family reunification plan which would enable child-safe reunification within 4 hours of an event using quality improvement methodology. QI tools such as the fishbone diagram, key driver diagram, and process maps enhanced the planning process. We then utilized the Plan-Do-Study-Act model to test and revise our plan. Active involvement of key stakeholders was crucial. By using quality improvement methodology, hospital personnel unfamiliar with disaster management helped develop and improve our hospital’s family reunification plan.
  PubDate: 2025-03-19
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.52
Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy at Montefiore Medical Center: Implications
for Public Health Preparedness
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  Authors: Shapiro; Jared, Block, Adam, Markenson, David
  First page: 63
  Abstract: ObjectiveVaccine hesitancy among health care workers poses significant challenges to public health, particularly during times of crisis. This study investigates the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among health care workers at Montefiore Medical Center, NY, with the aim of providing valuable insights to help shape and enhance future public health vaccination campaigns.MethodsUtilizing Montefiore’s HER (Epic system) data from 2021–2023, linear logistic and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess correlations between demographic variables—such as age, race/ethnicity, job category, and county of residence—and vaccine uptake for both influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. Data were sourced from EPIC and Cority employee datasets. Missing demographic data were imputed where possible. The study population comprises a diverse workforce of 21 331 health care workers, encompassing a wide range of clinical and non-clinical roles.ResultsKey predictors of vaccine hesitancy included prior influenza vaccination status, age, race/ethnicity, job title, and county of residence. Workers vaccinated against influenza were 6.2% more likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Younger health care workers and racial groups like Black and biracial employees demonstrated higher levels of hesitancy, while Asian workers exhibited higher rates of vaccine acceptance.ConclusionsTailored communication strategies and educational programs are critical for addressing vaccine hesitancy, particularly among younger health care workers and specific racial groups. Building trust and improving transparency will be essential to increasing vaccine uptake and achieving broader public health objectives.
  PubDate: 2025-03-20
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.55
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Decision-Making in Current and Future
Complex Humanitarian Emergencies
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  Authors: Burkle; Frederick M., Khorram-Manesh, Amir, Goniewicz, Krzysztof
  First page: 64
  PubDate: 2025-03-20
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.63
Facilitating the Reverse Triage Selection Process: A European Delphi
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  Authors: Pollaris; Gwen, De Bondt, Frieda, Hoogmartens, Olivier, Stiers, Michiel, Sabbe, Marc
  First page: 65
  Abstract: ObjectiveTo reach a European consensus about terminology, criteria, and cutoffs regarding the reverse triage selection process in Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) and crowding.MethodsAn e-Delphi study with a 2-part design was set up. Part 1a aimed to develop a theoretical framework of a Patient Disposition Classification Model (PDCM). Part 1b facilitated a European expert panel review of the original critical interventions and a consensus regarding their definitions and terminology. In part 2, the final critical interventions needed to be ranked on a 10-point linear numeric scale to what extent withholding or withdrawing them would lead to a Consequential Medical Event (CME). Finally, an upper limit of risk tolerance needed to be assigned to each PDCM category.ResultsA 5-category PDCM and a universal list of 18 critical interventions, applicable for both MCI and daily crowding situations. Furthermore, an upper limit of acceptable CME risk was assigned to each PDCM category and a 10-point linear numeric scale ranking of the 18 critical interventions was achieved.ConclusionsThe Delphi study achieved its objectives with a European consensus on terminology, criteria, and cutoffs regarding the reverse triage selection process in MCI and crowding.
  PubDate: 2025-03-20
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.62
Power Outages: Implications for California’s Medically Vulnerable
Population
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  Authors: Bedi; Neil Singh, Jia, Shenyue, Buckee, Caroline, Schroeder, Andrew, Balsari, Satchit
  First page: 66
  PubDate: 2025-03-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.46
The Effect of COVID-19 on Quality of Life: A Community-Based Study in
Türkiye
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  Authors: Kızılkaya; Selman, Şenel Tekin, Perihan
  First page: 67
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of individuals who received psychological treatment compared to those who did not.MethodsThe survey method was used to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of questions that elicit the personal characteristics of the participants and the COVID-19–Impact on Quality of Life Scale (COV19-QoL). A total of 480 individuals aged 18 years or older were administered the questionnaires in Türkiye. The data obtained from the survey was analyzed using the SPSS 26 software package.ResultsThe results showed that the effect of COVID-19 on quality of life differed significantly depending on whether the participants received psychological treatment or not.ConclusionsIt was concluded that individuals who received psychological treatment had a higher impact of COVID-19 on their quality of life. The findings are discussed concerning the relevant literature on theoretical and practical implications.
  PubDate: 2025-03-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.75
Evaluation of the Opinions of Volunteers Involved in Disaster on the Use
of Social Media
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  Authors: Torpuş; Kemal, Usta, Galip, Berkircan, Esra
  First page: 68
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe aim was to deeply examine the opinions of volunteers who took part in the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023, regarding the use of social media during the disaster period.MethodsThe study was designed as qualitative research. Because it was planned to examine the participant experiences in depth, the phenomenological design was employed in the study. Study data were collected from individuals who had earthquake experience through a semi-structured interview form between May 2023 and July 2023.ResultsIn line with the data obtained, 2 themes were created: “social media content and communication analysis” and “social media impact analysis and results.” It was found that for information seeking, information sharing, or interaction during disasters, Twitter (X), Instagram, and WhatsApp were the most preferred social media platforms, respectively. Participants mentioned that posts related to disaster during times of disasters have an impact on their emotions. It was determined that the proper use and correct management of social media tools in times of earthquakes affect coordination and relief efforts.ConclusionsIt was concluded that the type of content shared during earthquake times affects both disaster victims and other individuals of the society positively or negatively.
  PubDate: 2025-03-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.65
Cultural Dynamics in Disaster Management: Exploring Sociocultural
Influences on Disaster Response in Malaysia
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  Authors: Abid; Sheikh Kamran, Sulaiman, Noralfishah, Samman, Bushra, Al-Wathinani, Ahmed M., Goniewicz, Krzysztof
  First page: 69
  Abstract: ObjectiveDisaster management strategies often emphasize technical and structural solutions, overlooking the sociocultural factors that shape community resilience and disaster response. In Malaysia, a multiethnic and multireligious country frequently affected by floods and monsoon storms, cultural beliefs, social networks, and traditional practices play a pivotal role in shaping disaster preparedness and recovery. This study examines how religious beliefs, community cohesion, gender roles, and traditional knowledge influence disaster management in Malaysia.MethodsA qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 15 stakeholders from diverse ethnic, religious, and social backgrounds. Participants, represented various religious groups and geographic areas. Their roles included local leaders, government officials, NGO workers, and community members, providing insights into how sociocultural factors influence disaster response and policy.ResultsReligious beliefs serve as both a source of resilience and a potential barrier, shaping community attitudes toward disaster preparedness. Community cohesion, particularly through gotong-royong (mutual aid), plays a crucial role in mobilizing resources and support, though it often excludes marginalized groups. Gender roles significantly influence disaster response, with women taking on caregiving responsibilities yet remaining underrepresented in decision-making processes. Traditional knowledge remains valuable, particularly in rural communities, but faces challenges as younger generations increasingly rely on modern technologies.ConclusionsThis study highlights the need for culturally sensitive, gender-inclusive, and community-driven disaster management policies in Malaysia.Integrating sociocultural dimensions into formal frameworks can foster more adaptive and inclusive strategies. Enhancing community participation and gender inclusivity will be key to improving disaster resilience in Malaysia.
  PubDate: 2025-03-24
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.68
The Willingness of Health Care Workers to Respond to a Pandemic in an LMIC
Setting: Implications for Public Health Emergency Preparedness
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  Authors: Asad; Nargis, Afzal, Badar, Chhipa, Ume-e-Aiman, Kang, Bee-Ah, Barnett, Daniel J, Mehmood, Amber, Ahuja, Akash, Dars, Jawed, Razzak, Junaid
  First page: 70
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study examined the association between willingness-to-respond (WTR) and behavioral factors among emergency department health care workers (HCWs) during a pandemic situation in Pakistan.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2022, involving health care workers from 2 hospitals located in Karachi, Pakistan. Participants were recruited using a non-probability purposive sampling method. The survey instrument was designed based on Witte’s Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between WTR and HCWs’ attitudes, beliefs, and EPPM profiles.ResultsHealth workers’ overall willingness to respond was 52.57% if required and 52.26% if asked. Female health workers showed 1.78 greater odds of WTR if required, compared to male health workers. Health workers who reported high efficacy were 21 times more likely to report to work during pandemics when required and 6 times more likely to report if asked compared to those with low efficacy.ConclusionThis study explored health care workers’ willingness to respond during a pandemic. Female health care workers and those in clinical roles were more likely to be willing to respond during an influenza pandemic. Enhancing self-efficacy, knowledge, and addressing perceived risks can significantly improve workforce preparedness for future pandemics.
  PubDate: 2025-03-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.47
Efficacy of Healthcare Student-Led Stop the Bleed Training for Middle
School Students
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  Authors: Canseco; Lorenzo, Johnson, Abigail, Mathews, Jonathan, Carlson, Travis J., Humpert, Shelby, Bhakta, Kajal, Torrez, Sorina B., Evoy, Kirk E.
  First page: 71
  Abstract: ObjectiveIncrease bleeding control knowledge and self-efficacy among middle school students and determine efficacy of health care student-led Stop the Bleed (STB) training.MethodsAn interprofessional group of health care students led STB trainings at 6 Texas middle schools. Trainings included a presentation plus hands-on skills training and were evaluated using pre- and post-training surveys focused on bleeding control knowledge, self-efficacy, and willingness to assist in emergencies. Paired pre- and post-training survey responses were compared using McNemar’s test for knowledge-based questions and paired t tests for Likert scale responses.ResultsHealth care students (N = 103) trained 805 middle school students, aged 10-16 years, of which 447 (55.5%) completed pre- and post-surveys. There was significant improvement in all 7 knowledge-based questions from pre- to post-training. There were significant improvements in comfort using tourniquets (median [interquartile range]: 3 [2-4] vs. 4 [3-5]; P < 0.0001), confidence applying direct pressure (3 [2-4] vs. 4 [3-5]; P < 0.0001), and likeliness to assist someone bleeding (4 [3-5] vs. 4 [4-5]; P = 0.0096). Eighty-four percent of students found this training “useful.”ConclusionsWhile previous studies have demonstrated STB training efficacy, this is among the first to provide evidence that health care student-led STB training significantly increased bleeding control knowledge and self-efficacy among middle school students.
  PubDate: 2025-03-27
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.78
Unveiling a Growing Concern: Naegleria fowleri’s Emergence as a
Brain-Eating Threat
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  Authors: Hameed; Sadaf, Akram, Farah, Niaz, Iram, Munawar, Muqaddas, Abid, Amina
  First page: 72
  PubDate: 2025-03-27
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.73
Deadly Heat: Failures in Effective Media Engagement Cost Lives
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  Authors: Nunes; Ana Raquel
  First page: 73
  Abstract: The devastating effects of heatwaves and the deficiencies in current response strategies disproportionately affect specific individuals and populations,1,2 underscoring the urgent need for effective solutions. Lessons from past heat events emphasise the importance of preparedness and effective response strategies.2 Understanding the dangers of heatwaves involves recognizing not only individual health impacts but also broader environmental and societal consequences.3 Heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, can be fatal but are preventable.2
  PubDate: 2025-03-27
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.76
What Do 32 COVID-19 Deployments of Emergency Medical Teams Tell Us about
Challenges and Lessons Learned'
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  Authors: Vadi; Ramnath, Wilk, Wojtek, Radecka, Anna, Maddah, Diana
  First page: 74
  Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic showed the vital role of Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) in international surge responses. The EMTs with their internationally skilled team members were able to meaningfully support countries facing the pandemic, especially those who were suffering from scarcity in the quality and quantity of workforce and financial resources within their health systems. This report summarizes the main operational challenges faced by UK-Med and The Polish Center for International Aid (PCPM) Emergency Medical Teams, based on experiences from their 32 COVID-19 deployments. In particular, the paper discusses the hindrances related to Ministries of Health expectations and the changing roles of EMTs during deployments.
  PubDate: 2025-03-28
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.70
Geographical Variation in COVID-19 Transmission Potential and Case Burden,
West Virginia, 2020-2023
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  Authors: Buesseler; Abigail A., Hua, Xinyi, Adom, Dorcas Ama, Das, Shobhan, Kutten, Wendy S., Olatunde, Olawumi, Sheppard, Olivia A., Soo, Jhy-Charm, Kersey, Jing, Kwok, Kin On, Chowell, Gerardo, Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai
  First page: 75
  Abstract: ObjectiveSubstate-level analysis reveals geographical variation in COVID-19 epidemiology and facilitates improvement of prevention efforts with greater granularity.MethodsWe analyzed daily confirmed COVID-19 case count in West Virginia and its 9 regions (March 19, 2020-March 9, 2023). Nonparametric bootstrapping and a Poisson-distributed multiplier of 4 were applied to account for irregular and under-reporting. We used the R package EpiEstim to estimate the time-varying reproduction number Rt with 7-day-sliding-windows (2020-2023) and non-overlapping-time-windows between 5 policy changes (2020 only). Poisson regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) between each region and West Virginia (2020, 2021, and 2022).ResultsStatewide Rt fluctuated over the study period, with the highest in March 2020 (close to 2) and the lowest Rt (
  PubDate: 2025-04-15
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.49
A Mixed-methods Systematic Review of Just-in-time Training Interventions
During Health Emergencies: Types of Interventions and Development
Processes
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  Authors: Miller; Ann Neville, Todd, Andrew, Duvuuri, Venkata Naga Sreelalitapriya, Soltani, Kian, Freihaut, Rebecca, Boutemen, Laura, Sellnow, Deanna, Vishanagra, Kishan, Hoffman, Jessica, Sellnow, Timothy, Patel, Om, Sheng, Xin, Babatayo, Shalewa, Willard, Olga, Utunen, Heini, Noyes, Jane, Balanciano, Giselle
  First page: 76
  Abstract: AimsThe World Health Organization (WHO) Health Emergency Programme funded three systematic reviews to inform development of guidance for emergency preparedness in health emergencies. The current review investigated the type of learning interventions that have been developed and used during health emergencies, and how they were developed.MethodsWe searched PubMed, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media Complete (EBSCO), and Web of Science. Study quality was appraised by WHO-recommended method-specific checklists. Findings were extracted using a narrative summary approach.Results187 studies were included. Studies were split between online, in-person, and hybrid modalities, conducted mostly by hospitals and universities, and most frequently training nurses and doctors. Studies emphasized experiential learning to develop and reinforce skills; online learning for knowledge dissemination; multi-sectoral partnerships, institutional support and carefully constructed planning task forces, rapid training development and dissemination, and use of training models.ConclusionIt Most studies evaluated only knowledge or self-confidence of trainees. Relatively few assessed skills; evaluations of long-term outcomes were rare. Little evidence is available about comparative effectiveness of different approaches, or optimum frequency and length of training programming. Based on principles induced, six recommendations for future JIT training are presented.
  PubDate: 2025-03-28
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.59
Health Care Workers’ Perceptions of Hospital Disaster Planning and
Preparedness for Building Resilient Healthcare Systems
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  Authors: Mohtady Ali; Heba, Ranse, Jamie, Roiko, Anne, Desha, Cheryl
  First page: 77
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine health care workers’ (HCWs) perceptions of hospital disaster planning and preparedness within the context of building resilient health care systems. It also evaluated HCWs’ involvement in the planning process.MethodsThirteen HCWs from 2 Queensland hospitals participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. These interviews were audio-recorded with participant consent and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts, recordings, and participant details were coded for confidentiality. Thematic analysis was used to identify essential patterns in the data and make sense of them.ResultsHCWs’ perspectives on disaster planning underscored the importance of comprehensive planning, business continuity, proactive approaches emphasizing anticipation and risk mitigation, and implementation of established plans through training, resource management, and operational readiness. HCWs’ participation in planning ranged from high engagement through collaboration and continuous improvement to moderate or lower levels focusing on regulatory compliance and resource allocation.ConclusionsThis study highlights HCWs’ views regarding disaster planning and preparedness for building resilient health care systems. HCWs emphasised comprehensive planning and proactive preparedness, aligning with global priorities for disaster risk reduction. They stress the importance of education, training, operational readiness, and continuous improvement. This study underlines the vital role of HCWs’ participation in disaster planning and the need for comprehensive training initiatives.
  PubDate: 2025-03-31
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.3
Hazard Vulnerabilities Analysis in the Low-Resourced Global Setting
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  Authors: Dinberu; Muluwork Tefera, Kebede, Senait, Berkowitz, Tal, Greenky, David
  First page: 78
  Abstract: A hazard vulnerabilities analysis (HVA) is an exercise used by institutions to identify potential threats and is required for credentialing hospitals in the US. To date, there is no documentation of HVA completion in low/middle income countries (LMIC) in the literature. American physicians working together with local physicians and staff from a major referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia conducted an HVA in the LMIC setting. Using the Kaiser HVA template, the tool and exercise were tailored to the needs and resources of the LMIC setting. The exercise prompted rich discussion and facilitated the development of a framework to address local hospital threats. Many threats were considered sub-acute or chronic problems that had potential to acutely worsen, putting hospital operations and patient care in jeopardy and impacting staff. Ongoing threats were addressed creatively by the hospital administration, caregivers, and staff, a testament to the resiliency of the system and those working in it. Nonetheless, the hospital benefited from the HVA framework to improve future preparedness. Conducting an HVA in the LMIC setting is feasible, and this example can serve as a basis for HVA completion by other hospitals in similar settings.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.81
Trauma Level of Midwifery Students After the Catastrophe of the Century
Turkey Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
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  Authors: Yılmaz; Sakine, Ordu, Yadigar, Aktaş, Demet
  First page: 79
  Abstract: ObjectiveEarthquakes deeply affect people’s lives and cause significant psychological damage. This study was conducted to determine the trauma level of midwifery students after the devastating earthquake in Turkey.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 252 students enrolled in the midwifery department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university in Turkey. Data were collected using the participant information form and the Scale for Determining the Level of Post-Earthquake Trauma. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis.ResultsThis study found that post-earthquake, students had trauma levels and sub-dimension scores related to behavioral problems, excitement limitation, affective and cognitive structuring, and sleep problems that were above average. The research revealed that students who were present in one of the earthquake-affected provinces, experienced house destruction, suffered the loss of relatives, had previous traumatic events, or received disaster management training had significantly higher levels of trauma.ConclusionsIn this direction, it is of utmost importance for university students in midwifery departments to be prepared for natural disasters like earthquakes. This preparedness will enable them to effectively cope with the physical and psychological issues caused by such disasters, benefiting both their own health and public health.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.77
How Many Goats Does a Mannequin Cost' Community-engaged Design of
Layperson First Responder Training Materials in Low-resource Settings
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  Authors: Wild; Hannah B., Niaone, Moumini, Cheran, Aparna, Ross, Madeline, Stewart, Barclay T., Meda, Nicolas
  First page: 80
  Abstract: ObjectivesSimulation materials for layperson first responder (LFR) trainings used in high-resource settings are prohibitively expensive for use in low- and low-middle income countries. To date, no structured approach to community-engaged design in identifying accessible and acceptable simulation materials for LFR trainings has been developed.MethodsWe conducted 2 workshops with male (18) and female participants (10) in a rural village in the Centre-Est region of Burkina Faso using principles of community-engaged research to define solutions for improvised LFR training materials.ResultsParticipants reported a range of reactions to the use of live trainees and animal models for LFR training including considerations around gender sensitivity, use of animals for training purposes in regions of food insecurity, and religious and cultural barriers to consumption of meat after use for training purposes. A range of locally available options for training materials was identified by participants.ConclusionsSignificant sociocultural variability exists across low-resource environments with implications for the acceptability and availability of improvised materials for LFR training. Affected communities should be engaged in the selection and design of improvisation strategies to ensure context-appropriate adaptation.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.69
Smallpox Vaccines for Monkeypox: Is Emergency Vaccination Imminent'
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  Authors: Mukareem Ali; Syed, Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Khabab, Ahsan, Areeba, E. Mustafa Ahmed, Ghassan, Fatima, Irtebaat, Tariq Ahmed, Samiuddin, Niaz, Faizan, Ullah, Irfan, Waris, Abdul
  First page: 81
  Abstract: Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a contagious disease that has been endemic in central and west Africa since 1970, characterized by symptoms such as fever, headache, and skin rash. While there is no approved treatment for MPXV infections, vaccination has proven effective in limiting its transmission, and previous smallpox vaccinations may also provide protection against monkeypox. However, the dependence of monkeypox on animal hosts makes eradication more complicated than with smallpox. Research should focus on assessing the safety of the vaccines, their duration of immunity, and their efficacy against the prevalent strains of monkeypox. The virus’s accelerated rate of mutation poses additional challenges, as does the fact that it can be transmitted through animals, making eradication more complex than with smallpox. A comprehensive global immunization strategy is needed to address these complexities and draw on lessons learned from past eradication efforts.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.66
Diabetes Self-Management and Health Care Demand Procrastination Behavior
Among Earthquake Victims with Type 2 Diabetes in Earthquake Zone
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  Authors: Ceylan; Erdal
  First page: 82
  Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this descriptive study was to assess diabetes self-management and health care demand procrastination behaviors among earthquake victims with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThe population of the study consisted of earthquake victims with Type 2 diabetes in Hatay, Türkiye. The sample included 202 people with type 2 diabetes who lived in 7 distinct container cities. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Diabetes Self-Management Scale, and Healthcare Demand Procrastination Scale via face-to-face interviews.ResultsParticipants’ average score on the diabetes self-management scale was 58.34 ± 9.11. Being under the age of 60, employed, visiting a medical center on their own, having received diabetes education, and owning a glucometer were associated with better diabetes self-management, whereas being illiterate and having difficulty covering diabetes-related expenses were associated with poor diabetes management (P < 0.05). Participants’ average score on the Healthcare Demand Procrastination Scale was 2.35 ± 0.72. Respondents who didn’t have a nearby health care institution, whose diabetes diagnosis duration was between 1-5 years, and who didn’t have a glucometer had significantly higher scores on the Healthcare Demand Procrastination Scale (P < 0.05).ConclusionsDiabetes self-management among earthquake victims with Type 2 diabetes was low. It was also determined that participants’ health care demand procrastination behaviors were at a moderate level.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.79
Improving Mass Casualty Incident Preparedness of Pediatric Emergency
Medicine Fellows: A Quality Improvement Initiative
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  Authors: Wright; Christopher, Clark, Cullen, Jeong, Hazel, Gillespie, Jessica, Stanley, Rachel, Melvin, Jennifer
  First page: 83
  Abstract: ObjectiveMass casualty incidents (MCI) overwhelm health care systems; however, MCIs are infrequent and require ongoing preparatory efforts. Although there is dedicated disaster medicine education in emergency medicine, most pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows complete pediatric residencies. Pediatric residents have variable exposure to disaster training as part of their curriculum. To improve this, a quality improvement (QI) initiative was implemented to increase MCI comfort and knowledge amongst PEM fellows.MethodsThis study took place in a single-center tertiary pediatric hospital, amongst 1 cohort of PEM fellows. Following a baseline survey, a key driver diagram was developed to guide Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. A focused disaster curriculum was provided to fellows and specific quick references were developed. Knowledge application interventions included mock triage, response scavenger hunt, and tabletop MCI exercise.ResultsPEM fellow comfort and knowledge of MCI response improved from an average of 2.93 to 6.56 on a 10-point Likert scale, and 3.71 to 6.58 on 10-point Likert scale respectively following the active intervention cycle and showed sustained results over a 6-month period without further interventions.ConclusionsUtilizing QI methodology, PEM fellow comfort with MCI response, and knowledge of MCI response increased. As MCIs are a rare occurrence, ongoing assessment is necessary to evaluate the need for further interventions to maintain knowledge and comfort levels.
  PubDate: 2025-04-02
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.74
Dengue Crisis Escalates in Peru in 2024: A Call for Immediate Action
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  Authors: Ashfaq; Haider, Ashraf, Hamza, Butt, Mahad, Ashfaq, Aiman
  First page: 84
  Abstract: The escalating dengue crisis in Peru demands immediate action from global health organizations, health care authorities, and government officials. Endemic to Peru, dengue has seen a drastic increase in cases, with the largest outbreak on record occurring in the first half of 2023, resulting in 139 366 confirmed cases and 381 deaths. Despite efforts to contain the outbreak through integrated surveillance and response strategies, the crisis worsened in 2024 due to drastic climate changes, exacerbating conditions for dengue transmission. Heavy rains since December 2023 have caused flooding and landslides, creating ideal breeding grounds for dengue vectors. Overwhelmed local authorities, especially in areas with limited access to public services due to floods and landslides, struggle to manage the crisis. With more than half the population at risk of dengue infection, urgent measures are required to control the spread of dengue and mitigate increasing mortality rates. Targeted interventions in areas with limited health care access are crucial, considering underreporting and limitations of health systems, to accurately assess the true burden of the disease and prevent further escalation of the crisis.
  PubDate: 2025-04-08
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.50
Factors Related to Current Level of Knowledge and Skills of Psychological
First Aid Among Health Care Providers for Africa and the Global South: A
Systematic Review
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  Authors: Adewunmi; Oluwaseun Adebayo, Fujiwara, Takeo, Nawa, Nobutoshi, Khin, Yu Par, Lawal, Eyitayo Adedamola
  First page: 85
  Abstract: Introduction and ObjectivePsychological First Aid (PFA) is a crucial intervention designed to mitigate the psychological impact of acute crises among individuals. PFA aims to equip health care providers with the necessary skills and knowledge to offer immediate psychosocial support, thereby reducing the potential for long-term mental health issues. This study assesses health care practitioners’ existing knowledge and skills in PFA.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Psych INFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases from April 1, 2023 to August 7, 2023, for studies published within 10 years that reported knowledge and skills of health care workers on PFA. A qualitative synthesis was performed on the selected studies.ResultsOut of the 626 resulting studies, 12 were eligible. Self-efficacy was used to determine the effectiveness of psychological first-aid training. Passage of time had a significant impact on health care workers’ understanding of proper psychosocial responses. PFA training is effective in providing psychological assistance to health personnel. The longer-term effects of the PFA training program are unknown.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the effectiveness of PFA training in improving health care providers’ knowledge and skills, calling for ongoing efforts to address challenges, adapt training approaches, and ensure the continued improvement of psychosocial support in acute crises.
  PubDate: 2025-04-07
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.91
Investigation of the Effect of Death Anxiety on the Life Satisfaction of
Individuals Living in the Earthquake Zone in Türkiye: The Disaster of the
Century
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  Authors: Türk Delibalta; Rukiye, Karabağ Aydın, Arzu, Sönmez, Tuğçe, Çoktay, Zehra
  First page: 86
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the effect of death anxiety on the life satisfaction of individuals living in 11 provinces declared as earthquake zones in Turkey.MethodsThis cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with 435 participants in earthquake zones in Turkey. Data were collected online through Google Forms using a sociodemographic form, the Revised Death Anxiety Scale (RDAS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).ResultsIn this study, it was determined that 48.5% of the participants exhibited moderate levels of death anxiety. The participants’ average score on the RDAS was 53.97 (SD = 16.21), and their mean score on the SWLS was 12.30 (SD = 4.33).ConclusionsThis study showed that death anxiety adversely affects life satisfaction. Higher death anxiety among participants was associated with lower satisfaction with life. Consequently, health care professionals should offer increased psychological and communication support to individuals who have experienced significant disasters like earthquakes.
  PubDate: 2025-04-10
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.90
The Effect of Health Workers’ Earthquake Anxiety Levels on Perceived
Stress and Work-Family Conflict: A Study of the February 2023
Kahramanmaraş Earthquake in Turkey
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  Authors: Yağar; Fedayi, Tunç, Ahmet, Dökme Yağar, Sema, Gerçek, Emine
  First page: 87
  Abstract: ObjectiveHealth workers are one of the work groups that have the biggest role in overcoming the crises that occur with disasters. It is very critical for health care workers to be healthy, happy and productive both for overcoming crises with minimal damage and for a healthy society. This study aimed to examine the anxiety levels of health care workers after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake and to evaluate the effect of earthquake anxiety on the level of perceived stress and work-family conflict.MethodsIt is a cross-sectional study. The sample of this study, which was conducted approximately 9 months after the earthquake, consisted of 150 health care workers working in a private hospital in Gaziantep.ResultsIt was observed that the post-earthquake anxiety levels of health care workers were above average. It has been found that earthquake anxiety significantly affects both perceived stress and the level of work-family conflict. Additionally, it was determined that the explanatory nature of the model increased by 4.5% with the inclusion of perceived stress and educational level on the effect of earthquake anxiety on work-family conflict.ConclusionsMore research is needed to evaluate the mental state of health care workers after the earthquake, to ensure positive development and to put forward appropriate strategies.
  PubDate: 2025-04-11
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.92
Pandemic Triggered Emergency Supply Chain Management Innovations: A
Scientometric Analysis Based on Bibliometrics and Dynamic Topic Models
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  Authors: Xie; Tian, Dai, Gui-Ye, Chen, Wei-Fan, Yang, Chen-Peng, Huang, Yong-Jian, Wei, Yao-Yao
  First page: 88
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe outbreak of major epidemics, such as COVID-19, has had a significant impact on supply chains. This study aimed to explore knowledge innovation in the field of emergency supply chain during pandemics with a systematic quantitative analysis.MethodsBased on the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection, proposing a 3-stage systematic analysis framework, and utilizing bibliometrics, Dynamic Topic Models (DTM), and regression analysis to comprehensively examine supply chain innovations triggered by pandemics.ResultsA total of 888 literature were obtained from the WOS database. There was a surge in the number of publications in recent years, indicating a new field of research on Pandemic Triggered Emergency Supply Chain (PTESC) is gradually forming. Through a 3-stage analysis, this study identifies the literature knowledge base and distribution of research hotspots in this field and predicts future research hotspots and trends mainly boil down to 3 aspects: pandemic-triggered emergency supply chain innovations in key industries, management, and technologies.ConclusionsCOVID-19 strengthened academic exchange and cooperation and promoted knowledge output in this field. This study provides an in-depth perspective on emergency supply chain research and helps researchers understand the overall landscape of the field, identifying future research directions.
  PubDate: 2025-04-11
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.88
Determination of Health Needs of Earthquake Victims with Non-Communicable
Diseases
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  Authors: Bilgehan; Tuğba, Akca, Ayşegül, Karşıgil, Perver, Dünder, Emre, Ayaz-Alkaya, Sultan
  First page: 89
  Abstract: ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the health needs of individuals with non-communicable diseases affected by earthquakes.MethodsThe study employed a descriptive and cross-sectional design and was conducted in 3 of the 11 provinces affected by the February 6, 2023 earthquakes. Data were obtained using an introductory information form and a health needs information form. Percentages, averages, McNemar’s test, and classification and regression tree algorithm for decision tree analysis were used to evaluate the data.ResultsAmong the participants, 34.87% had hypertension, 27.95% had diabetes, and 14.12% had asthma. Compared to the pre-earthquake period, the participants’ needs for medication, transportation to hospital, disease-specific nutrition, and social support significantly increased after the earthquake (P
  PubDate: 2025-04-16
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.95
Using Internet of Things to Deal with Pandemic: A Use Case Based Framework
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  Authors: Parlakkılıç; Alaattin
  First page: 90
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to develop a conceptual framework for use cases applicable to the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) system, designed for intelligent environments capable of managing the pandemic.MethodsTo achieve this objective, a comprehensive content analysis of scholarly articles from MDPI, PubMed, and Google Scholar was conducted. Best practices were identified, and various application examples were synthesized to establish an IoT-based framework.ResultsThe study proposes measures for the implementation of technologically advanced environments and services while ensuring public compliance with these developments. Based on the identified use cases and enabled applications, a conceptual framework was formulated. The key use cases for IoT applications include traffic management, patient health monitoring, early virus detection, remote work facilitation, smart hygiene solutions, tracking infected individuals, monitoring social distancing, enhancing health care facilities, and ensuring quarantine compliance. To ensure rapid and effective implementation of policies, regulations, and government orders, robust architecture, applications, and technological infrastructures must be developed.ConclusionsThis study explores new architectural frameworks, potential use cases, and avenues for future advancements in IoT-based applications. The use cases are categorized as near-field measures, hybrid measures, centralized control mechanisms, and their integration in the defense against COVID-19.
  PubDate: 2025-04-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.80
Review of the Emergency Preparedness, Resilience, and Response Exercise
Frequency of NHS Acute Trusts in England
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  Authors: Wetherell; William
  First page: 91
  Abstract: ObjectiveIn England, the Civil Contingencies Act (Contingency Planning) Regulations 2005 require National Health Service (NHS) Trusts which provide hospital accommodation and services in relation to accidents or emergencies to conduct Emergency Preparedness, Resilience and Response (EPRR) exercises. The NHS England EPRR Framework specifies the minimum frequencies of these exercises. This review assessed the number of Trusts conducting exercises in accordance with these frequencies one year after the national NHS COVID-19 response was stepped down.MethodsThe outcome of interest was the number of Trusts having a record of conducting their most recent exercises in accordance with the minimum frequencies required by the NHS England EPRR Framework.ResultsOf the applicable 122 Trusts, 95 had a record of conducting a communication systems exercise, 115 had a record of conducting a table-top exercise, 106 had a record of conducting a live play exercise and 90 had a record of conducting a command post exercise in accordance with the minimum frequencies.ConclusionOver one fifth of Trusts did not have a record of conducting an EPRR communications systems exercise as required. This review may also be of interest to other state-level bodies which specify high level EPRR requirements to healthcare providers.
  PubDate: 2025-04-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.99
Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for
Earthquake-Related Tissue Injuries
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  Authors: Öztürk; Mustafa, Demir, Levent
  First page: 92
  Abstract: ObjectiveTissue injuries that occur after earthquakes are usually traumatic and cause various anatomical damages. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is an increasingly popular treatment modality for such tissue injuries because it has the potential to accelerate the healing process of tissues by providing effective oxygen.This study aimed to present a retrospective evaluation of the effects and outcomes of HBOT in patients with tissue damage after earthquakes, thus contributing to the development of medical intervention strategies following natural disasters.MethodsThis study included 51 patients treated as earthquake victims in the Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Unit. Information regarding the earthquake victims was obtained retrospectively and relevant analyses were conducted. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) and related variables.ResultsSensory and functional recovery rates were 64.7% and 62.7%, respectively, after HBOT. After treatment, 10 (19.6%) patients had a minor amputation, and 5 (9.8%) patients had a major amputation. As patients’ MESS Scores increased, the rate of amputation did not increase (P < 0.05), but the rate of recovery of sensation and function in the recovered extremities decreased (P < 0.05). No patient died during treatment.ConclusionsThese results suggest that HBOT can protect life and limb in earthquake injuries, but also save numb and non-functioning limbs in severe cases.
  PubDate: 2025-04-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.93
Investigation of the Relationship Between Disaster Risk Perception and
Sustainable Earthquake Awareness of Nursing Students
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  Authors: Torpuş; Kemal, Işık Demirarslan, Elif
  First page: 93
  Abstract: This study aimed to assess the perception of disaster risk and the level of earthquake awareness among students enrolled in the Department of Nursing at Artvin Çoruh University, Faculty of Health Sciences. The study sample comprised 274 students enrolled in the Department of Nursing at Artvin Çoruh University, Faculty of Health Sciences. The data were gathered utilizing the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, Disaster Risk Perception Scale, and Sustainable Earthquake Awareness Scale. The data was obtained using the SPSS 24.0 program and analyzed using t tests, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analyses. The study’s findings indicate that most students have yet to undergo disaster training, yet most are interested in such training. Furthermore, it was ascertained that most students had not encountered any calamity. However, they wanted to participate actively and voluntarily in disaster scenarios. A statistically significant difference was observed between the students’ class and the average total scores of disaster risk perception scale and sustainable earthquake awareness scale. Courses on disaster management should be added to nursing education curricula. In order to provide disaster risk perception and sustainable earthquake awareness to nursing students, they need to take part in different activities in the field of disaster management.
  PubDate: 2025-04-14
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.94
Evacuation Decision-Making Post-COVID-19 Vaccine Availability:
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  Authors: Hartnett; Justin J., Dunn, Elizabeth A., Collins, Jennifer M., Maas Cortes, Leslie, Jones, Rashida
  First page: 94
  Abstract: ObjectiveThe threat of novel pathogens and natural hazards is increasing as global temperatures warm, leading to more frequent and severe occurrences of infectious disease outbreaks and major hurricanes. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified the need to examine how risk perceptions related to hurricane evacuations shift when vaccines become available. This study explores individuals’ expected evacuation plans during the early stages of COVID-19 vaccine availability.MethodsIn March 2021, an online survey was disseminated in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands.ResultsAn overwhelming majority (72.6%) of respondents said that their vaccination status would not affect their hurricane evacuation intentions. The unvaccinated were significantly more likely to consider evacuating during a hurricane than the vaccinated. Even with vaccines available, respondents suggested they were less likely to evacuate to a shelter during the 2021 season than prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents generally believed that the risk of contracting COVID-19 at a shelter was greater than the risk of sheltering-in-place during a hurricane.ConclusionsGovernment officials need to develop and communicate clear information regarding evacuation orders for municipalities that may be more impacted than others based on the trajectory of the storm, social determinants of health, and other factors like living in a flood zone.
  PubDate: 2025-04-15
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.85
Building While Responding: Moldova’s Experience in Developing Clinical
Surge Capacity for Radiation Emergency Response
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  Authors: Stetsyk; Vitalii, Apostol, Ion, Belamarić, Nera, Panico, Cornelia, Grbic, Miljana, Kenbaeva, Zhanat, Tereshchenko, Hanna, Chumak, Anatolii A.
  First page: 95
  Abstract: To enhance radiological and nuclear emergency preparedness of hospitals while responding to the refugee crisis, the Government of the Republic of Moldova implemented an innovative approach supported by the World Health Organization (WHO). This initiative featured a comprehensive package that integrated health system assessment, analysis of existing plans and procedures, and novel medical training component. The training, based on relevant WHO and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) guidance, combined theory with contemporary adult learning solutions, such as practical skill stations, case reviews, and clinical simulation exercises.This method allowed participants to identify and address gaps in their emergency response capacities, enhancing their ability to ensure medical management of radiological and nuclear events. This course is both innovative and adaptable, offering a potential model for other countries seeking to strengthen radiological and nuclear emergency response capabilities of the acute care clinical providers.
  PubDate: 2025-04-15
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.72
Pediatric Nurses’ Experiences in Refugee Children Care: A
Qualitative Research
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  Authors: Güney; Aslihan, Sonmez Düzkaya, Duygu, Uysal, Gülzade
  First page: 96
  Abstract: ObjectiveCommunication is one of the main foundations for providing nursing care. Due to intercountry mobility, nurses encounter communication barriers with patients and their families, such as language and sociocultural differences.MethodsThis study was conducted to investigate the experiences of pediatric nurses in caring for refugee children. The phenomenological study was conducted between November 2023 and February 2024 with 16 pediatric nurses working in the inpatient wards of Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital Pediatrics Clinic who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and voice recordings. After the interviews were transcribed, the MAXQDA 2022 program was used for coding, creating themes, and analyzing the relationship between codes and sub-codes.ResultsThe nurses revealed themes of the care process, difficulties related to the patient, communication methods, risks in patient safety, feelings experienced about the ineffective communication, and suggestions. The main codes obtained from the themes were loss of time, difficulties in communication and training, difficulties arising from cultural practices, using body language, wrong practices regarding patient safety, sadness and fatigue experienced when there is no communication, and the need for learning Turkish.ConclusionsThe pediatric nurses had problems with communication and felt sadness about caring for refugee children. The problem of loss of time in giving care due to language and sociocultural differences, and the suggestion of learning Turkish as the solution come to the fore. It is necessary to carry out comprehensive research on this subject.
  PubDate: 2025-04-15
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.87
The Role of Mindfulness in Reducing Depression During COVID-19 At-home
Treatment
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  Authors: Go; Geurim, Lee, Su Young, Kim, Chan-Hyung, Chang, Jhin Goo
  First page: 97
  Abstract: ObjectiveMindfulness is a promising psychological resource that can alleviate dysfunctional fear responses and promote mental health. We investigated how mindfulness affects fear and depression in isolated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and whether it acts as a mediator.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of COVID-19 patients undergoing at-home treatment from February to April 2022. The survey included a questionnaire on fear of COVID-19 (measured by the Fear of COVID-19 Scale), mindfulness (measured by the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale), and depression (measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire). A total of 380 participants completed the questionnaire. We analyzed the correlation between each variable and performed a mediation analysis using hierarchical regression and bootstrapping to verify the statistical significance of the mediating effects.ResultsEach variable was significantly correlated. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the association between the fear of COVID-19 and depression decreased from 0.377-0.255, suggesting that mindfulness partially mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and depression. Bootstrapping analysis showed that the indirect effect of the mediating variable (mindfulness) is 0.121, which accounts for 32.3% of the total effect.ConclusionsInterventions that promote mindfulness in patients with acute COVID-19 may be beneficial for their mental health.
  PubDate: 2025-04-16
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.82
Association of Texas Nursing Home Non-COVID-19 Mortality Following Winter
Storm Uri: A Mixed-Effects Spline Analysis
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  Authors: Frochen; Stephen, Saliba, Debra, Dobalian, Aram
  First page: 98
  Abstract: ObjectivesNursing Home residents are among the most at-risk populations during disasters. This study aimed to examine changes in nursing home non-COVID-19 mortality in Texas during Winter Storm Uri.MethodsPublicly available datasets were examined to determine whether nursing homes in Texas were associated with a change in non-COVID-19 nursing home mortality and a change in non-COVID-19 mortality differences compared to all other states in the 4 weeks following Winter Storm Uri. This study conducted a mixed-effects negative binomial spline analysis of non-COVID-19 mortality during the timeframe.ResultsAlthough Texas suffered fewer deaths overall compared to the rest of the country, Texas experienced a 20% increase in non-COVID-19 deaths in the first 7 days of Winter Storm Uri, and a reduction in the change of deaths compared to all other states, indicating a 19% decrease in the difference between the 2 directly following the storm.ConclusionsTexas suffered a significant increase in non-COVID-19 nursing home mortality during Winter Storm Uri, but overall lower levels of mortality compared to the rest of the nation. Future research should examine other states or counties that experienced significant energy outages for a more comprehensive understanding of the storm’s effects.
  PubDate: 2025-04-16
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.86
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Decision-Making in Current and Future
Complex Humanitarian Emergencies – CORRIGENDUM
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  Authors: Burkle; Frederick M., Khorram-Manesh, Amir, Goniewicz, Krzysztof
  First page: 99
  PubDate: 2025-04-21
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.107
Adaptive Health Systems: Innovations in Crisis Management During Armed
Conflicts
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  Authors: Sameri; Maryam Jafar, Alizadeh, Majid, Baghlani, Fouad, Mahdavi, Samireh
  First page: 100
  Abstract: ObjectiveArmed conflicts cause substantial disruptions to health care systems, necessitating innovative approaches to crisis management. Systematic reviews play a critical role in evaluating adaptive health innovations implemented during such conflicts, shedding light on their impact on crisis management and health outcomes within affected communities.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science resulted in 5432 articles. The review covered studies published since 2000 that addressed crisis management innovations. A rigorous selection process based on PICO criteria was employed to include relevant high-quality studies.ResultsFollowing screening, 21 studies were identified, demonstrating considerable innovation in health systems in conflict-affected regions. The key innovations were decentralized management structures, community health worker programs, and mobile health units, all aimed at enhancing service delivery under difficult circumstances. In spite of this, persistent challenges like infrastructure destruction, limited resources, and security risks remain substantial obstacles to the availability of health care.DiscussionFindings highlight the critical role played by resilient health systems in mitigating the negative effects related to armed conflicts. While some innovations are promising, problems like resource constraints, infrastructure destruction, and data collection challenges remain unresolved. The review’s strengths lie in its systematic nature and extensive coverage of the literature, while potential publication bias and language restrictions should be acknowledged as limitations.ConclusionsThe present review highlights the key role of adaptive health responses in crisis management and demands more research on their long-term effects and scalability. Future research must examine comparisons across a number of nations and utilize technology, including telemedicine and digital platforms, to strengthen health care resilience in areas impacted by conflict.
  PubDate: 2025-04-22
  DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2025.100

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