Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles) ISSN (Print) 0360-7283 - ISSN (Online) 1545-6854 Published by Oxford University Press[415 journals]
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Authors:Rine C. Pages: 149 - 151 Abstract: The Grand Challenges for Social Work developed by the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare (AAS-WSW) offer opportunities for the profession to confront pervasive societal issues. Although these challenges outline varying large-scale aims for social work, each also advocates for innovative strategies that can be readily implemented throughout areas of practice. The challenge to “promote smart decarceration” is no exception with the overarching goal of reimagining the current criminal justice system through progressive evidence-based approaches that transcend discipline and professional divisions (AASWSW, 2017). The need is clear as the United States has the largest incarcerated population in the world by both number and ratio incapacitated. It is not surprising that these substantial figures are accompanied by immense social and economic costs. Direct cost estimations indicate that our country pays “nearly $300 billion annually to police communities and incarcerate 2.2 million people,” amounting to approximately $134,400 per imprisoned person (O’Neill Hayes, 2020, para. 1; also see Hyland, 2019). Social costs are more often indirect, accruing and conflating over time, and rippling out into families and communities. Although more difficult to calculate with accuracy, when the cost of lost wages, poor health, and long-term negative outcomes for families of those incarcerated are monetized, the sum expense of our criminal justice system rises to $1.2 trillion, which increases this burden threefold (O’Neill Hayes, 2020). Current direct and indirect costs reflect a significant economic and social problem that largely overlooks moral considerations for the worth of human life and ability to change (AASWSW, 2017; Pettus-Davis & Epperson, 2015). PubDate: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab019 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Evans E; Noureddine N, Curry S, et al. Pages: 152 - 157 Abstract: Social workers and nurses are experiencing acute levels of stress during the pandemic. This stress is due to the difficulty of providing services to clients who are in states of crisis, while simultaneously experiencing COVID-19-related trauma in their own lives. As current professionals report burnout and exhaustion, students training for these professions are also experiencing adverse impacts. For professions already seeing worker shortages before the pandemic, this complicates the path toward filling unmet needs in the workforce (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2020; Spurlock, 2020). Moreover, it could compromise progress toward the so-called triple aim in health care—enhancing patient experience, improving population health, and reducing costs—(Berwick, Nolan, & Whittington, 2008). Care team well-being is a prerequisite for the triple aim, thus calls for an expanded version—the quadruple aim—which would include provider well-being and prevention of burnout (Bachynsky, 2020; Batcheller, Zimmermann, Pappas, & Adams, 2017; Bodenheimer & Sinsky, 2014). In this column, we present recent research on the stress being felt among social workers and nurses on the existing workforce shortages and discuss the pressure experienced by students who hope to join these fields. We conclude with a preview of measures presented by the Biden–Harris administration to support colleges and universities and particular efforts to replenish the health care workforce as disruption caused by the pandemic evolves. PubDate: Mon, 12 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab020 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Lee H; Slack K, Berger L, et al. Pages: 159 - 170 Abstract: AbstractThis study aimed to consider childhood poverty in relation to a count measure of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as a predictor of adult health outcomes and to determine whether associations are sensitive to how childhood poverty is operationalized. A sample of 10,784 adult residents was derived using data 2014–2015 Wisconsin annual Behavioral Risk Factor Survey data, derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Adult health outcomes (health risk behaviors, general health problems, chronic health problems, and depression) were predicted using a more conservative and severe indicator of childhood poverty, and authors tested whether observed associations were attenuated by the inclusion of an ACE count variable. Findings showed that severe indicators of childhood poverty are associated with general and chronic health problems as well as adult depression. These associations are attenuated, but remain intact, when ACEs are included in regression models. Using the CDC BRFSS data for Wisconsin, the study showed that associations between childhood poverty and adult health are sensitive to the way in which childhood poverty is operationalized. The relationship between childhood poverty and other ACEs is complex and thus warrants treating the former as a distinct childhood adversity rather than an item in an ACE summary score. PubDate: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab018 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Aparicio E; Kachingwe O, Fleishman J, et al. Pages: 171 - 186 Abstract: AbstractYouths experiencing homelessness (YEH) become pregnant at five times the general population rate. Education, social, and health care systems struggle to adequately address this young community’s sexual and reproductive health needs, yet social workers are well positioned across sectors to address their sexual and reproductive health and well-being. A growing body of literature exists on the factors affecting YEH’s access and selection of birth control, prompting the present review that aimed to understand this process and inform better attuned sexual and reproductive health approaches. Using a systematic search and analytic approach, we retrieved 203 articles, of which 23 met inclusion criteria. Key findings emerged across socioecological levels, including barriers and facilitators to condom use; the differential impact on YEH of hormonal birth control side effects; and the devastating effects of economic insecurity leading to sexual exploitation, survival sex, and exposure to violence. Implications include the need for multilevel intervention that addresses youths’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior as well the need to improve social norms and system design to provide better attuned care for YEH. PubDate: Fri, 11 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab004 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Hruschak V; Yuan Y, Ringwald W, et al. Pages: 187 - 198 Abstract: AbstractPain is a complex construct contributing to significant impairment, particularly among physically injured patients seeking treatment in trauma and orthopedic surgery settings in which social workers are an integral component of care. The biopsychosocial theory, fear-avoidance, and cognitive mediation models of pain suggest that psychological factors (for example, depression) affect one’s ability to tolerate distress, leading to negative pain appraisals, such as catastrophizing. This study examined whether distress tolerance serves as a mechanism by which depression is associated with pain catastrophizing. We administered a health survey to outpatient trauma and orthopedic surgery clinic patients who were using opioid medications; 84 patients were included in the final analysis; 39.3 percent screened positive for depression. A multilevel mediation model using structural equation modeling revealed a significant direct effect from depression to pain catastrophizing (ß = .31, z = 3.96, p < .001) and a significant indirect effect by distress tolerance (Δß = .27, z = 3.84, p < .001). These results, which suggest that distress tolerance partially mediated the path from depression to pain catastrophizing, can inform social workers and other members of the multidisciplinary team about both the critical role of psychosocial factors after injury and interventions to improve postinjury recovery. PubDate: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab021 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Koh E; Choi G, Choi S, et al. Pages: 199 - 209 Abstract: This article describes a study that investigated Korean immigrants’ perception of mental well-being and help-seeking behaviors with particular focus on those with mental illness. Participants with probable diagnoses of anxiety or depression were more likely to recognize their mental health problems and their impact than those without such diagnoses. However, many of them did not acknowledge experiencing mental health problems and did not show high likelihood of seeking professional mental health services. The cultural beliefs and the lack of culturally competent mental health services appeared to contribute to the low levels of recognition of mental health problems and also the low rates of mental health service utilization. The participants listed mental health professionals’ ability to communicate in the language of their preference, confidentiality, and affordability as significant factors in their decision to seek professional help. The study findings emphasize the great need of mental health educational programs within the Korean immigrant community. The findings also suggest that resources and infrastructures be secured for the provision of culturally competent mental health services for this population. PubDate: Sat, 29 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab009 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Ow Yong L; Goh S, Chew J. Pages: 210 - 217 Abstract: In 2014, the Singapore Health Services (SingHealth), an academic medical center, implemented a dual-level competency framework for medical social workers; it comprises 23 behavioral descriptors and six competency clusters at the general level and 30 behavioral descriptors and six competency clusters at the advanced level. This study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the experience among medical social workers with supervisory roles in the implementation of this competency framework. Findings showed that implementation of the competency framework lifted professional standards and image of the profession. The competency framework also helped foster stronger networks, trust, and partnerships among SingHealth organizations. Contextual features that influenced its implementation were as follows: workforce capacity and capability, management support, opportunities, training road maps, and staff’s personal life stage. Operationalizing terms used in the competency framework and specifying the validity period of each competency domain within the framework were found to be crucial to its implementation. PubDate: Fri, 30 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab016 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Kusmaul N; Wladkowski S. Pages: 218 - 226 Abstract: Direct care workers (DCWs) provide personal care, emotional support, and companionship, helping older adults maintain quality lives. DCWs earn low wages, have little training, and experience high turnover rates. While the demand for DCWs grows, real wages continue to fall. Undervaluing DCWs threatens the continuity and quality of care that older adults receive. Through the social work grand challenges lens, this article discusses two qualitative studies, in home care (n = 24) and nursing homes (n = 23), that demonstrate that while DCWs help advance long and productive lives, they experience extreme economic inequality and lack equal opportunity and justice. The article concludes with a discussion of social work’s role in advancing opportunity and justice. PubDate: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab017 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Lun M; Gorton M. Pages: 227 - 230 Abstract: According to the International Alliance of Carer Organizations (2018), as the older adult population has increased, unpaid and family caregiving has become more common across all racial and ethnic groups in the United States and globally. Chinese American family caregivers who are influenced by the value of a familial piety might have a more complex experience on family caregiving (Cheng, Lam, Kwok, Ng, & Fung, 2013; Chien, Chan, & Morrissey, 2007; Tang, 2011; Wang, Shyu, Chen, & Yang, 2011). The call for social workers’ using culturally sensitive approaches to better assist Chinese American family caregivers has been long-standing (Chan & Chui, 2011; Lai, 2010). In my previous study, the culturally sensitive life story approach was examined and found effective in reducing Chinese American caregivers’ stress (Lun, 2019). During the research study, I collaborated with an elder Chinese American family caregiver using an interview process to help her narrate and construct meaning of her caregiving life story. Her life story provides insights on social role change and adaption. These insights help social workers obtain an in-depth understanding on the complexity of family caregiving. PubDate: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab014 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Cabin S; Jardin E. Pages: 231 - 235 Abstract: The public discourse surrounding the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has misrepresented and devalued older adults (Fraser et al., 2020). Blatantly ageist attitudes have perpetrated social media as evidenced by trending hashtags, such as “#BoomerRemover” and “#OkBoomer,” which frequently have been accompanied by disparaging and devaluing memes (Sparks, 2020). Ageism is nothing new in Western culture (Butler, 1995); yet in a time of increased susceptibility to a potentially fatal virus and chronic loneliness, the cost of institutional and individual ageism may be far greater than previously thought. Negative stereotypes of older individuals permeate facets of society including, but not limited to, health care, mental health care, and social media, the effects of which have been heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical research suggests that reframing the negative stereotypes held about older adults into positive ideals heeds potential clinical benefit to older adults’ self-esteem, physical health, and overall well-being (Levy, Ashman, & Dror, 2000). In this column, we seek to provide background on the dangers and prevalence of ageism in the era of COVID-19. Furthermore, we suggest potential ways in which each of us can disseminate knowledge on the positive aspects of growing older to further improve the lives of older adults. PubDate: Thu, 06 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab008 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Authors:Diez S. Pages: 236 - 238 Abstract: Youth and Their Families: A Guide to Treating Adolescent Substance Use through Family Systems Therapy.Laser-MairaJulie Anne, BlairDavid, EchevarriaJamie Blair, WallisDarin, CastroOrion, and CongerJason. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019, 240 pages. ISBN: 978-0190079406. $35.00 paperback. PubDate: Mon, 31 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlab013 Issue No:Vol. 46, No. 3 (2021)
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Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
[415 journals]
