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Authors:Catherine Homer Pages: 202 - 202 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 202-202, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:34Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241269090 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Pages: 203 - 203 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 203-203, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:35Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241264953 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Pages: 204 - 204 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 204-204, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:27Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241264960 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:E Badu, G Crawford, J Hallett, D Vujcich, ME Bellringer Pages: 205 - 207 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 205-207, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:35Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241229886 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:Philip Weinstein, Peng Bi, Jessica Stanhope Pages: 208 - 209 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 208-209, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:32Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241231130 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:T Green Pages: 210 - 211 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 210-211, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:28Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241247367 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:M Barrett, S Shaw, S Jenner, P Hardy-Johnson, S Stanescu, K Woods-Townsend, S Strommer, M Barker Pages: 212 - 214 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 212-214, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:28Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241230852 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:AL Kurniawan, S Ostojic, S Shinde, M Laxy, C Neumann, H Berhane, Y Berhane, CH Hoe, S Liu, I Brandt, D Guwatudde, NB Mkwanazi, U Partap, A Tinkasimile Pages: 215 - 218 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 215-218, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:28Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241251636 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:N Araujo, L Smyth Pages: 219 - 221 Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Volume 144, Issue 4, Page 219-221, July 2024.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-07T06:38:29Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241264945 Issue No:Vol. 144, No. 4 (2024)
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Authors:J Zhang, I Bloom, LD Westbury, G Bevilacqua, KA Ward, M Barker, W Lawrence, C Cooper, EM Dennison Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aims:Physical activity (PA) and nutrition are important determinants of health in late adulthood. However, low levels of PA and poor nutrition are common in older adults and have become more prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesised that Healthy Conversation Skills could be used to support health behaviour changes beneficial for health in older adults and thus conducted a study nested within the UK Hertfordshire Cohort Study.Methods:Between November 2019 and March 2020, 176 participants were visited at home. A trained researcher administered a questionnaire and undertook anthropometric and physical performance tests. A total of 89 participants were randomised to the control group and received a healthy living leaflet; 87 participants in the intervention group were interviewed using Healthy Conversation Skills at the initial visit with follow-up telephone calls at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. Follow-up at 1 year by postal questionnaire assessed change in PA and diet. In total, 155 participants (79 control and 76 intervention) completed the baseline and 1-year follow-up.Results:At baseline, median (lower quartile, upper quartile) age (years) was 83.1 (81.5, 85.5) and median PA time (min/day) from walking, cycling and sports was 30.0 (15.0, 60.0). In total, 95% of participants completed the intervention; the total response rate for postal questionnaires was 94%. There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes between the trial arms. In women, there was a tendency for greater increases in diet quality in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.075), while among men, there was a tendency for reduced decline in self-reported physical function in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.081).Conclusion:We have shown that it is viable to utilise Healthy Conversation Skills via telephone to promote healthier lifestyles in older adults. Larger appropriately powered studies to determine the efficacy of such an intervention are now warranted. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-08-01T09:19:35Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241262657
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Authors:Alice Zelenka Martin, D Weston, J M Kesten, C E French Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aims:Rapid intervention development, implementation, and evaluation are required for emergency public health contexts, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. A novel Agile Co-production and Evaluation (ACE) framework has been developed to assist this endeavour in future public health emergencies. This scoping review aimed to map available behavioural science resources that can be used to develop and evaluate public health guidance, messaging, and interventions in emergency contexts onto components of ACE: rapid development and implementation, co-production with patients or the public including seldom heard voices from diverse communities, and inclusion of evaluation.Methods:A scoping review methodology was used. Searches were run on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Google, with search terms covering emergency response and behavioural science. Articles published since 2014 and which discussed a framework or guidance for using behavioural science in response to a public health emergency were included. A narrative synthesis was conducted.Results:Seventeen records were included in the synthesis. The records covered a range of emergency contexts, the most frequent of which were COVID-19 (n = 7) and non-specific emergencies (n = 4). One record evaluated existing approaches, 6 proposed new approaches, and 10 described existing approaches. Commonly used approaches included the Behavioural Change Wheel; Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behaviour model; and social identity theory. Three records discuss co-production with the target audience and consideration of diverse populations. Four records incorporate rapid testing, evaluation, or validation methods. Six records state that their approaches are designed to be implemented rapidly. No records cover all components of ACE.Conclusion:We recommend that future research explores how to create guidance involving rapid implementation, co-production with patients or the public including seldom heard voices from diverse communities, and evaluation. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-06-11T06:01:48Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241257102
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Authors:J Woodall, C Homer, C Freeman, J South, J Cooke, J Holliday, A Hartley, S Mullen, B Stafford Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aims:Local authorities in England are responsible for public health and health promotion. This article sought to explore how research and decision-making co-exist in a local authority in England.Methods:An Embedded Researcher was based within the local authority and used qualitative methodology to address the research aim. Interviews and focus groups were employed to ascertain a range of stakeholder views in the local authority. All transcripts were coded on NVivo 12 by the Embedded Researcher and two members of the research team cross-checked a sample for coding accuracy. Data were analysed using framework analysis.Results:The data suggest several barriers to using research to inform decision-making in health promotion and public health. The study shows that research is valued in local authorities, but not always privileged – this is due to cultural factors and practical political reasons which often means that decisions need to be made expediently. Participants outlined a juxtaposition between academic credibility; timeliness to complete the research and the financial cost associated with it; against the independence and credibility that independent academics could bring.Conclusion:Policy formulation and delivery is an integral aspect of health promotion and critical to achieving improved population health and reductions in health inequalities. However, there exists tensions between gathering research evidence and making research-informed decisions. The article concludes by advocating the use of Embedded Researchers to fully understand how research is gathered and used to support public health and health promotion policymaking. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-06-11T05:59:49Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241256879
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Authors:A Abugamza, D Kaskirbayeva, A Charlwood, S Nikolova, A Martin Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aims:To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individual labour market outcomes and how these vary over time and between different groups of individuals.Methods:Searches were conducted using Medline, Scopus and EconLit. Grey literature searches used Google Scholar and Econpapers. Study quality was assessed using the risk of bias in non-randomised studies of exposure tool (ROBINS-E), accompanied by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to identify relevant mediators, moderators and confounders.Results:A total of 85 studies (77 peer-reviewed articles, 8 working papers) were included. The ROBINS-E showed that the overall risk of bias varied between studies from low (n = 14), moderate (n = 56) to serious (n = 15). Studies also varied in terms of outcome measures, study designs and the academic disciplines of researchers. Generally, studies using data collected before and during the pandemic showed large negative effects on employment, working hours and income. Studies that assessed moderators (e.g. by industry, occupation, age, gender, race and country of birth) indicated the pandemic has likely worsened pre-existing disparities in health and work. Generally, women, less educated, non-whites and young workers were affected the most, perhaps due to their jobs involving high levels of personal contact (e.g. hospitality, sales and entertainment) and being less amenable to remote working. The DAG highlighted methodological challenges in drawing robust inferences about COVID-19’s impact on employment, including the lack of an unexposed control group.Conclusions:The COVID-19 health crisis caused unanticipated and unprecedented changes to employment opportunities around the world, with potential long-term health consequences. Further research should investigate the longer-term impact of COVID-19, with greater attention given to low- and middle-income countries. Our study provides guidance on the design and critical appraisal of future studies. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-03-13T07:33:18Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241231910
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Authors:Nicky Knowles, Megan Elliott, Alice Cline, Helen Poole Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aims:The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing midwives’ conversations about smoking, and referral to specialist smoking cessation services, using an evidence-based theoretical framework.Methods:Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were undertaken with community midwives employed within one health board region of Wales. Deductive framework analysis was employed by coding data to the domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and then identifying themes within domains and across participants.Results:Seven midwives took part in the study. 13, out of a possible 14 domains, were mapped from the TDF. Key enablers to conversations and referrals include knowledge of the risks of smoking in pregnancy, congruence with the professional identity of a midwife, and the use of carbon monoxide monitors in initiating conversations and referrals. Limited knowledge of the specialist service, confusion about the opt-out pathway, varied skills in communicating and engaging with women, low confidence in ability to influence women’s decisions, limited appointment times, and competing priorities were identified as barriers.Conclusion:Midwives recognise the importance of their role within the provision of smoking cessation advice and referral to specialist services. While there are continued time pressures and competing priorities for midwives, enhancing skills and confidence in collaborative, empowering approaches to addressing smoking would further support in optimising the uptake of maternity smoking cessation support. This could also enhance conversations about other public health issues such diet, physical activity, and alcohol use. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-02-21T04:40:36Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139241231213
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Authors:SE Perrett, C Craddock, BJ Gray Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print. Aim:Data suggest mortality rates of those under community justice services such as probation or parole have been increasing year on year. Little is known about why and how these individuals are dying. This scoping review explores the causes and contributing factors of mortality in those under community justice supervision.Methods:Studies published between 2011 and 2021 were identified across CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Ovid Medline and PsycINFO. Articles were included if they presented original data on either mortality rates among those under community justice supervision or risk factors associated with the mortality of those under community justice supervision.Results:Searches identified 101 unique articles of which 13 were included in the review. Articles were representative of five countries. All articles were either retrospective reviews or retrospective cohort studies. The studies fell into the categories of all-cause mortality, self-inflicted deaths or drug-related deaths.Conclusion:Mortality rates of those under community justice supervision were found to be consistently higher than mortality rates for the general population regardless of cause of death. Factors identified as affecting mortality included history of drug use, history of self-harm and previous imprisonment including length of time in custody and experience of hospitalisation or solitary confinement while in custody. Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-01-31T03:07:01Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139231223714
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Authors:J Woodall, AJ Potts, SSJ Brown Abstract: Perspectives in Public Health, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Perspectives in Public Health PubDate: 2024-01-27T05:10:57Z DOI: 10.1177/17579139231223711
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