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Studies in American Indian Literatures
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.14  Number of Followers: 4  Subscription journalISSN (Print) 0730-3238 - ISSN (Online) 1548-9590 Published by U of Nebraska  [32 journals]
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- From the Guest Editors
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Abstract: "The camp-circle was on the move again." So begins Ella Deloria's novel, Waterlily: in a state of motion, its Dakota characters packing up for a deer hunt or "to gather the fruits in season," with their move ultimately leading to the birth of the novel's title character. It is a fitting opening, too, for this special issue of Studies in American Indian Literatures, as it honors and celebrates the Oceti Sakowin Oyate or "People of the Seven Council Fires" and our/their rich intellectual traditions.1 It is a celebration of dynamic movement not unlike breaking camp, as we look both forward to future generations of Oceti Sakowin writers and intellectuals and to the possibilities of future storytelling that is—that ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Origins
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Abstract: Oak Lake is about two miles west of the Minnesota border in eastern South Dakota. Approaching it from the west, there are rolling hills, mostly pasture land, but the area on the south side of the lake is heavily wooded, including a stand of old growth oak trees, hence the name of the lake. According to some oral tradition sources, the area may have been one of the places Dakota families fled to, from the U.S.–Dakota War of 1862. The native plants in the area have been preserved for biological study, and the vistas are beautiful, especially in the late summer and early fall, when the leaves are changing colors.On higher ground, in a clearing just south of the trees, is an old wooden structure that is a multi-use ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Očhéthi Šakówiŋ Literary Traditions: Nation Before Reservation, A
Conversation-
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Abstract: We began our conversation by introducing ourselves. Our conversations took place via Zoom on May 17 and 29, 2023, in Wakpá Ipáksaŋ and Pinehurst, North Carolina.By way of introduction, I am Edward Valandra. I am Síčáŋǧu Thitȟuŋwaŋ and the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ Oyáte are my people. I was born and raised in my settler-occupied homelands. Currently I am an editor for Living Justice Press. It's a small, independent, nonprofit press that does mostly restorative justice, restorative practice circle literature, and it does have an Indigenous part to it. So we do publish Indigenous literature as well. That's what I'm currently doing right now.I think Dr. Haladay gave me a really good segue at one time when she said, "I think in ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- A Memory of Oak Lake
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Abstract: We are the tellers of our Dakota-Lakota-Nakota stories. We hear others say the stories of our people were shared through an oral tradition. We maintain our oral tradition by storytelling. Many of us tell our children about family history and the accomplishment of ancestors, along with personal or cultural experiences surrounding the Lakota way of life.Our stories have always been shared visually. We have many contemporary artists telling our stories. The images of our past captured through the antique wasicu camera are even more graphic when interpreted through various mediums shared by contemporary artists. For instance, when I view a painting of an image from the Wounded Knee Massacre, I feel pain. Indigenous art ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Memory Songs by Lydia Whirlwind Soldier, and: Survival Songs by Lydia
Whirlwind Soldier (review)-
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Abstract: In reviewing these two books of poetry by Lydia Whirlwind Soldier, I found myself connecting Whirlwind Soldier's careful effort in her "Dedication" in Survival Songs to themes and resonances, indeed sensory evocations, from poems across both volumes, which span twenty-one years between their publication. As a boarding school survivor, Whirlwind Soldier explains in the "Dedication" that the stories she was told as child, during her summers spent away from school back home on the Rosebud Siċaŋġu Lakota reservation, imprinted within her "the memory of my relatives of Bad Nation" and "helped me retain my Lakota pride and not lose my sense of hope while at boarding school" (1). Because Whirlwind Soldier does not mince ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- A Child of the Indian Race: A Story of Return by Sandy White Hawk (review)
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Abstract: The continuous assault on families of the Oceti Sakowin or Seven Council Fires by American society is one of the most traumatic of human rights violations the Oyate or Nation has endured. Innocent wakaneja or children had bounties placed on them, were persecuted by citizen militia, incarcerated in prison of war camps, and massacred by the American military during colonization. Americans were allowed to assault children with impunity. The collective suffering from harms continues in to the modern era caused by the boarding school system, non-Oyate foster care, and the adoption of wakaneja outside their nation by misguided Americans. In her survivor account, Sandy White Hawk documents the destructive impact of ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Lakota Voices: Sharing Our Stories, Coloring the Lens Lakota
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Abstract: At nineteen years of age, as I prepared to leave the protection of my grandparent's home for the first time, my grandparents shared this advice with me. My grandfather, Tatanka Maza Francis Bordeaux, counseled: "Go, learn how the white man lives; always remember where you come from and never forget who you are." My grandmother, Zizi Win Carrie Roubideaux Bordeaux, gave me this guidance: "Know that you are not better than anyone else and know you are not beneath anyone." Only now have I come to recognize how their advice has defined my path. I was raised by my grandparents in the tiospaye of Swift Bear and Horse Creek in Mellette County, near the settler town of White River, South Dakota. When I was four years old ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Wicoun by Larissa FastHorse (review)
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Abstract: At the end of May 2023, Sicangu Lakota playwright Larissa FastHorse premiered her play Wicoun, directed by Michael John Garcés and produced by Cornerstone Theater Company (Los Angeles, CA). Wicoun, which loosely translates to "a way of life," was created with, for, and about Očéti Šakówiŋ communities in the Northern Plains. The play focuses on tribal communities of local reservations in the Dakotas. Through inside tribal jokes and powerful topics of rural life, the script evokes a clever, entertaining, and thought-provoking narrative that touches on kinship, Native superheroes, and the complicated dynamic of balancing white American heteronormative expectations and Očéti Šakówiŋ cultural values. The ensemble cast ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- It Ain't Over Until We're Smoking Cigars on the Drill Pad: Poems From
Standing Rock and the Frontlines by Mark Tilsen (review)-
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Abstract: The poems and stories in Mark K. Tilsen's debut collection, It Ain't Over Until We're Smoking Cigars on the Drill Pad, reflect both the vitality and the mundanity of what day-to-day life was like for those in the thick of 2016's Dakota Access Pipeline protests at Standing Rock. So much of what drove this movement into worldwide fame and history is due to the no-bullshit efforts of relatives like Tilsen, who documented on-the-ground energies through these writings, which are funny, heartbreaking, frustrating, contemplative, sexy, depressing, and excruciatingly real. This book pulls you right back to Backwater Bridge and forces you to experience the wonderful community-building and fucked-up-ness of camp life ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- I Remember Turtle Woman
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Abstract: Driving along Interstate 90, familiar saw-toothed buttes materialize on the southside, massive fortresses sculpted from limestone, sandstone, claystone, and volcanic ash. The ramparts rise skyward, smudged with brilliant bands of bronze and red hematite, a glorious juxtaposition of beauty in a barren land. It took millions of years of deposition and erosion to create Mako Siča, the Badlands, my father's childhood home. He told stories of summers spent in the isolated terrain, of cowboys on horseback visible upon the horizon for a mile before their arrival, always surprised to find the modest two-room house where his parents had coffee ready, eager for conversation with an outsider. The summers spent with his family ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Trickster Riots by Taté Walker (review)
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Abstract: The Trickster Riots is the stunning debut of Two Spirit Lakota storyteller Taté Walker (Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe). In this poetry collection, Walker plays the role of trickster and social commentator, shattering many of the myths and misconceptions that have long dehumanized the Lakota Oyate. They do so with tremendous heart, humor, and thoughtful reflection. In addition to deconstructing common Native American stereotypes, Walker also critically interrogates the long-term effects these colonized representations have had on tribal communities and celebrates the strength and resilience of our ancestors whose knowledge and wisdom still guides us today. The Trickster Riots captures the beauty and complexity inherent ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Seed Keeper: A Novel by Diane Wilson (review)
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Abstract: The Seed Keeper by Diane Wilson was released in 2021. The book primarily focuses on a Dakhóta woman, Rosalie Iron Wing, and primarily spans from the 1970s to the early 2000s. In the book, Rosalie navigates through challenges in her life and works to care for the land and her family, both of which have been damaged by centuries of colonial genocide. The challenges Rosalie faces show how deeply the influences of colonial powers have affected Dakhóta life and land, while her successes are meant to symbolize Dakhóta resiliency and the power to enact change. The Seed Keeper's biggest strength lies in its ability to display Dakhóta successes and struggles on a personal level.The history of the land most Americans live on ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Blue Beaded Dress in the Works of Susan Power
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Abstract: When I first visited The Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago in the summer of 2016, I went to see if it had within its holdings a Dakota-made dress with a blue beaded yoke as Susan Power describes in her novel, The Grass Dancer, and her nonfiction essay, "Museum Indians." The journey through the museum led to my encounter with a number of Dakota dresses, and in particular, one dress that captured my imagination as the dress most likely aligned with the one described in Power's works. The path I took unfolded over the course of a long afternoon. I entered the intimidating edifice of the Field Museum and, with only a passing glimpse of Sue (the T-Rex), the "Fighting African Elephants," and the towering totem ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- A Council of Dolls: A Novel by Mona Susan Power (review)
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Abstract: One of the most egregious harms American society has inflicted on vulnerable children is the trauma caused by the ill-advised federal boarding school system. The devastating impact of these educational institutions has left generations to recover from racist harms that were deliberately inflicted to cause the cultural, spiritual and total annihilation of the original people of this continent by targeting helpless wakaneja or children. American society purposefully directed these inhumane policies toward the first people of this continent in order to take possession of the ancestral territories of tribal nations.It is the important creative work of Oceti Sakowin or Seven Council Fires writers like Susan Mona Power ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Becoming Mary Sully, Toward an American Abstract by Philip J. Deloria
(review)-
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Abstract: Philip J. Deloria, author and descendant of Susan Mabel Deloria (1896–1963), examines the itinerant life and works of this self-taught emergent artist, who in 1927 took her mother's name and worked as Mary Sully. Deloria states that before his great aunt's colored-pencil drawings ended up stored away in a small but heavy paperboard box in his mother's basement, the box, like its owner, traveled about with the artist's sister and Dakota anthropologist, Ella Cara Deloria.Philip J. Deloria's exploration into his great aunt's drawings takes him on a quest for meaning that proves to be a convergence of influences:First there is the mixed-blood familial lineage, starting with Alfred Sully, son of English portraiture ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- In Defense of Loose Translations: An Indian Life in an Academic World by
Elizabeth Cook-Lynn (review)-
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Abstract: Dakota scholar Elizabeth Cook-Lynn (Crow Creek Sioux) struggled to write In Defense of Loose Translations, a memoir about her many decades in the academy. In western society, the memoir is often an individualistic, self-centered, and self-serving exercise. However, in tribal society, Cook-Lynn observes: "Dakota stories seldom say 'I am a great man. Look at me.' More often, they say, 'We are a great people" (6). For this reason, Cook-Lynn has long shunned this genre, and harshly condemned Native American writers who indulge in "look at me" culture. Always the sharp tongued literary critic, Cook-Lynn even uses her memoir to rebuke Sherman Alexie one last time with a scathing critique of his 2017 book, You Don't Have ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- What's in the Shadow of a Name' Cook-Lynn's Invocations of Greek and Roman
Classics in the Aurelia Trilogy-
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Abstract: Some studies of classical reception in colonial contexts may focus on articulating the histories of classics as a tool for establishing or assimilating colonized people to a Western colonial cultural hegemony.1 Other studies may show people who use classics to challenge such hegemony or who find inspiration from Greek or Roman writings in their struggles against and under colonial oppression.2 Others still describe the roles of classics in postcolonial literary hybrids that may affirm or center ideas of Western classical tradition, even while challenging, adapting, and recontextualizing them.3 In Aurelia: A Crow Creek Trilogy, Elizabeth Cook-Lynn plays with classics in a different key. Working in a continuing ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- A Separate Country and the Illegal Architecture of He Sapa by Elizabeth
Cook-Lynn (review)-
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Abstract: We are NOT postcolonial. The overarching position taken by Elizabeth Cook-Lynn in her 2012 book A Separate Country: Postcoloniality and American Indian Nations threads through a self-curated selection of essays and reviews that critically examine the political applications of colonialism and nation building. Cook-Lynn's words have bite; her thoughts carefully expand the singularity of postcolonial positions present in academia by unpacking the complex connections between Indigenous theory, United States policy and colonial power. The "we" she addresses includes these multiple locations, but she also warns "to suggest, then, that the North American continent, and particularly its relationship with its Indigenous ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- "Leaves on the Trees": Ecological Placemaking and Dakota Identity in
Zitkala-Ša and Elizabeth Cook-Lynn-
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Abstract: Western canonizations of literature have suppressed the Dakota literary tradition, both within and outside the printed word. Many scholars have worked to resist the problematic rejection of Native literatures and reconsider Indigenous narratives in a literary context, and scholars must continue this work. Oftentimes, proponents of decolonization face the impositions of what P. Jane Hafen (Taos Pueblo) terms "paternalistic sentimentalism," a kind of sympathetic, yet appropriative and often fetishized embrace of Native culture by settler colonial culture wherein "the voice of the sentimentalist is louder than the voice of the Native."1 Both this paternalistic treatment and the aforementioned dismissive treatment by ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Not Without Our Consent: Lakota Resistance to Termination, 1950–59 by
Edward C Valandra (review)-
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Abstract: This appeal goes out to all Lakota people of this Nation. Our Tribal sovereignty is being threatened by the State of South Dakota. Now is the time to make a stand as Lakota People. There is no tomorrow. We must stand as one on this issue of Lakota sovereignty. … A great majority of us have volunteered to fight for our Country the United States and all that it stands for. Now, we must fight again; against the same country we fought for—to enjoy our right to be Indian and live in peace amongst ourselves. … In closing, once again as Lakota People, let's fight the good fight as one people. Lay everything aside and let's stand together as our forefathers the Lakota of Little Big Horn fame and we will win.We Lakota know ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Voices From Pejuhutazizi: Dakota Stories and Storytellers by Teresa
Peterson and Walter Labatte Jr. (review)-
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Abstract: Voices from Pejuhutazizi: Dakota Stories and Storytellers is a beautiful compilation of family stories gathered by multiple generations with final publication by thakoža (granddaughter), Teresa Peterson. Peterson's thuŋwiŋ (auntie) collected the stories, and dekši (uncle) Walter Labatte Jr.1 provided fuller context and direct connection to their ate (father) and uŋkaŋna (grandfather) written stories. By describing and articulating stories, lands, and language from a grandfather and other relatives, this book brings together information about the Dakota way of life. It fills empty pieces of Dakota history, traditional foods, kinship relationships, language, and ways of thinking. Readers will find rich familial oral ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- The Challenges of the Literary Tradition of the Oceti Sakowin
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Abstract: The Oceti Sakowin or Seven Council Fires include four Isanyanti bands or the Dakota dialect speakers, the Ihanktuwan and Ihanktuwanna or the Nakota speakers, and the Titunwan or the Lakota. The language of the Oyate or Nation is originally an oral language. There are pictographs, petroglyphs, and waniyetu wowapi or winter counts that were used to visually communicate important information from the ancestors to future generations. The development of a contemporary orthography began with the early Presbyterian missionaries who worked with Dakota language speakers. This created challenges in translation and spelling system development, since the primary interest of the missionaries was acculturation and the ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Winter Counts by David Heska Wanbli Weiden (review)
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Abstract: Make no mistake, David Heska Wanbli Weiden's Winter Counts is not a historical review of traditional Lakota winter counts of the pre-reservation era as the title suggests. It is the story of Virgil Wounded Horse, fictional vigilante-for-hire Indian of the Rosebud tribal nation, an unrealistic character portrayal of the Oyate, the people. He doesn't espouse the traditional Lakota values of Crazy Horse, the man who was made popular by non-Native novelists of innumerable American Westerns.From birth Jiji Kin, or "Light Hair," was not only physically different, but also demonstrated a memorable rightful character. His parents taught him how to live in an honorable way. As a young man he earned the good name of his ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Winter Counts by David Heska Wanbli Weiden (review)
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Abstract: It is customary for a Lakota to introduce themselves by stating who their people are. This way of introducing oneself immediately makes a deeper connection, as a relative, that is important to Sicangu Oyate. As an enrolled Sicangu elder writing this review, I wanted to know which tiospaye the author of Winter Counts was from. Weiden states he is a citizen of the Sicangu Lakota Nation; however, his deeper relative connections are not made clear. This customary manner of introducing oneself is important. It is about taking responsibility as a Lakota to be a thoughtful and honorable relative. Without this sense of responsibility of being a Lakota relative, there is a disconnect from one's own people. Colonization ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Toháŋl kiŋháŋ uŋglápi kta he'
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Abstract: I often refer to my grandfather, Joseph Pretends Eagle Jr., when I talk about the beginning of my language-learning journey. My grandfather, in western American, colonial frameworks of kinship, was technically my great-uncle, as he was the younger brother of my maternal grandmother, Josephine Pretends Eagle. But in our Oceti Sakowin way of life and being, he was my grandpa, lala, grandfather in our Sihasapa and Húŋkpapȟa Lakota dialect, and he loved me and spoke to me often in Lakota. He would use parenting language with me. He used phrases such as "asaŋpi yachiŋ he'," which means, "Do you want milk'" He would care for my needs often in Lakota, such as: Do you want some water' Do you want candy' It is time to eat. ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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- Oceti Sakowin Writers' Reflections on Storytelling
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Abstract: Welcome. I'm so glad that all of you can join us for this discussion about storytelling. Over the past few weeks—no, past few months—we've had some really great discussions about our storytelling tradition. I'm glad that we could come together today and record [some of those discussions] for this special issue of SAIL.So, Lanniko was kind enough to work with me and help me develop some of these questions. I'll start with our first question. As Oceti Sakowin citizens, how do we know who we are' How do we know our origins' What stories shaped your identity'[Long pause]I can go first. Honestly, I didn't grow up with the oral tradition. I grew up in Denver, Colorado, and so I never heard any of our oral stories growing ... Read More
PubDate: 2024-06-03T00:00:00-05:00
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