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Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2667-7733
Published by Mustafa Kemal University

[3 journals]

Reproductive performance and kid growth in Hair goats raised under farmer
conditions in Adana Province of Türkiye
- Authors: İbrahim Ethem ERDOĞAN; Recep KARAMAN, Hatice HIZLI, Sabri GÜL
  Abstract: This study was carried out to examine the growth and survival characteristics between birth and weaning (90th day) in kids born in 2020-2022, within the scope of the "National Sheep Breeding and Improvement Project under Farm Conditions" in the villages of the districts of Adana. A total of 15200 Hair goat kids’ data were used in the study. After birth, the kid’s birth weight, sex, and date of birth were recorded, and on the 90th day, weaning weights were determined. All kids sucked their mothers in the morning and evening and stayed in the pen rest of the day. From the age of about 2 weeks, the kids were fed with oak branches and straw pulp. The kids were fed with oak branches, cotton seed and wheat straw at around two weeks of age. The average birth weight of kids was 3.10 kg in males and 2.98 kg in females; The average weaning weights were found to be 16.05 kg for females and 17.50 kg for males. In terms of live weights at birth and weaning, differences across the birth year, sex, birth type, and maternal age groups were shown to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). The survivability of kids was 97.20%, significant by years (P < 0.05), but it was not significant in terms of sex, birth type and maternal age (P > 0.05). As a result, it has been determined that there is a significant variation among the herds in terms of the fertility of Hair goats and the developmental characteristics of kids, and it has been determined that developmental characteristics are affected by environmental factors.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Carrot production and the role of women in Hatay province
- Authors: Aybüke KAYA; Veysi ACIBUCA
  Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the carrot production in Hatay province. In addition, by examining the problems of farmers and women working in this field, it was to develop solutions for sectoral progress. The main material of the research was the carrot farmers, traders and women who are involved in carrot production in Hatay province. In the research, in-depth interviews were made with farmers, traders and a survey was also conducted with women in 2020/21. The data obtained by the survey were evaluated with the SPSS package program. The reliability of the data was interpreted by testing with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Of the 4.5 million people employed in agriculture, 40% are women in Turkey. Female labor is used intensively in carrot production. It has been determined that women working in grading and packaging activities are paid 0.05 ₺/kg of labor wage. It has been determined that women who take part in these activities have a daily income of approximately ₺50-60 (nearly $8). It was detected that both work and home responsibilities are wearing women out and they experience severe backache. As a result, it was determined that women work as informal family workers in rural areas. The inability to engage in social activities has negative consequences for women. Attention should be drawn to the necessity of supporting a carrot processing and packaging facility that can be established in the region. The activities to be carried out in this regard are important in terms of sustainability and development.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Improving disc blade cutting system for sesame harvest and determining its
cutting quality
- Authors: Selçuk UĞURLUAY; Gamze GENÇ
  Abstract: There are partial mechanization practices in the harvest of the sesame plant and it is removed from the field using the shear cutting unit. Shearing base mowers have many parts, require constant adjustment, need to be lubricated frequently and have vibration issues. The use of rotary blade cutting systems eliminates these negative circumstances. For this reason, it is important to determine the usage possibilities of disc blades. In the study, an experimental setup with disc blades operating on the cutting-shearing principle, which is one of the harvesting methods according to the sesame plant, was designed and produced. In the experimental setup, plant stems of different diameters (10, 15 and 20 mm) were cut (disc blade diameters 150, 180 and 210 mm) and the cutting qualities were tried to be determined. Different blade mouth types (cutting edges 30°-30°, 30°-Flat, 45°-45°, 45°-Flat) were used in the disc blades in the experimental setup. The 30° and 45° cutting edge blade pairs were best suited for cutting quality for cutting stems of all diameters. Disc blade cutting system was found acceptable as a new method that can be used in sesame harvest.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Detection and characterisation of phytoplasma diseases in tomato and
pepper fields in Elazığ province
- Authors: Deniz ÇAPLIK; Serhat KARA, Osman ÇİFTÇİ, Feyzullah YILMAZ
  Abstract: The surveys in this study were carried out to determine the status of phytoplasma disease agents in tomato and pepper production areas in the Central and Maden districts of Elazig province. Molecular analysis were performed with both qPCR using Phytoplasma F, Phytoplasma R and Nested qPCR using R16mF2/R16mR1 and R162Fn/R16R2 universal primers. Following molecular analysis, 4 samples were determined to be infected by phytoplasma. BLAST and RFLP analysis were performed to the 1.25 kb amplification products obtained from the 16S rDNA region of the phytoplasma samples. Following this analysis, it was established that the tomato fields 2 samples were Candidatus phytoplasma solani (ELZ 5, Acc. No:ON171767; ELZ 17, Acc. No:ON171769) and 1 sample was Candidatus phytoplasma trifolii (ELZ 25, Acc. No:ON171770). Also it was determined that 1 sample detected in pepper production areas was Candidatus phytoplasma trifolii (ELZ 14, Acc. No:ON171768). The BLAST comparison of 16S rDNA sequences of phytoplasma isolates were showed a similarity between 99-100% with other phytoplasma isolates around the world. As a result of the phylogenetic analysis of the phytoplasma isolates with 16S rDNA sequences, it was determined that the isolates were in the same group as the reference isolates.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
A bibliometric analysis of global publications on flax (Linum
usitatissimum L.) disease during 2001-2021
- Authors: Sıtora KARİMOVA; Erkin KHOLMURADOV, Mukhiddin JULİEV, Farangiz BOYTORAYEVA, Hamro NURALİYEV
  Abstract: Researchers around the world have published articles on flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and its diseases. However, there is no bibliometric analysis of flax and its diseases in the Scopus database. The purpose of this work is to analyze the scientific results in the field of flax and its diseases and follow its evolution worldwide based on the data collected from the Scopus database. In the article, global scientific publications related to flax and its diseases were analyzed by a bibliometrician. In this study, a total of 243 articles published during 2001-2021 years were evaluated. The results show that the number of articles in the database has increased year by year, with Canada, Australia and the United States occupying the core positions, accounting for 64.6% of the total published articles worldwide. P.N. Dodds is the author with the most published articles. This paper summarizes several possible research ideas and the systematic bibliometric analysis will help research groups and researchers to understand global research trends in flax and its diseases and to focus future research. Also, results obtained in this systematic review of flax-related articles by using statistical and visual bibliometric analysis can provide important and detailed information to scientists involved in research on it.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Determination of the frequency, density and possible damage level of the
broomrape species in the agricultural areas of Hatay province
- Authors: İlhan ÜREMİŞ; Soner SOYLU, Merve KARA, Aysun UYSAL, Şener KURT, Erdal SERTKAYA
  Abstract: Broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are obligate plant-parasitic plants that cause significant product losses in dicotyledon plants. The production of many important cultivated plants, such as tomatoes, tobacco, potatoes, carrots, parsley, sunflowers and lentils, is seriously threatened by broomrapes (Orobanche spp./Phelipanche spp.) in Mediterranean countries including Turkiye. In this study, the prevalence and density of the broomrape species were determined by conducting surveys in two different periods in host crops (tomato, potato, carrot, parsley, tobacco, sunflower, pea, etc.) which are grown in different districts of Hatay province. While the common species was Orobanche ramosa L. in the surveys carried out in both periods, O. crenata was also determined in carrot and pea fields. In the first surveys carried out in December 2020-March 2021, broomrape was detected in 29 of 69 fields with an area of 31 ha, and the incidence rate was determined as 42.02% throughout the province. In the second surveys carried out in April 2021-September 2021, broomrape was detected in 29 of 148 fields with an area of 73.7 ha, and the frequency of occurrence in the province was calculated as 19.59%. It was calculated that O. crenata caused a 58.8% decrease in root length, 91.9% in root diameter and 88.6% in root weight in naturally contaminated carrot root.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Level of utilization of agricultural extension and advisory services and
ınformation sources of farmers in Amasya province, Turkey
- Authors: Eren ŞENYÜZ; Nermin BAHSİ
  Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the benefit and satisfaction levels of farmers for agricultural extension and consultancy services in the province of Amasya, Türkiye. In this context, data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 395 people determined according to the Simple Random Sampling Method. While 6.3% of the farmers in Amasya benefit from consultancy services, 93.7% state that they do not. While 47.8% of the farmers find agricultural extension and consultancy services insufficient, 51.4% find the financial support provided for agricultural extension and consultancy services insufficient. Although the majority of farmers state that they always need consultancy on many issues, only 11.1% work with a private agricultural consultant. The most important problems encountered while carrying out agricultural activities are listed as marketing problem (43.4%), shortage of agricultural tools (18.5%). In order to ensure the continuity of agricultural production, which is of strategic importance for all countries, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry should take the necessary measures and develop appropriate policy and incentive tools for the solution of the problems of the farmers and the regulations for the improvement of agricultural production and productivity.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
The effects of location and harvest period interaction on yield and some
quality traits in Arapgir purple basil
- Authors: Cem TÜFEKÇİ; Kazim GUNDUZ, Yılmaz UĞUR
  Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of growing locations and harvesting periods on yield and some quality characteristics of purple basil plant. The research was carried out in three different locations during the vegetation period of 2019; Yield and some vegetative properties of Arapgir Purple Basil, which received Geographical Indication at two different altitudes (Kozluk location; 914 m, Boğazlı location; 1470 m) in Malatya province Arapgir District and Malatya Turgut Özal University Faculty of Agriculture (Battalgazi; 750 m) in Battalgazi district of Malatya province. According to the findings, the highest plant height (55.8 cm), leaf area (7.8 cm2 / main leaf), leaf length (7.8 cm), leaf width (4.7 cm), fresh herb yield among the locations. (2707.2 kg da-1) and dry herb yield (370.7 kg da-1) were obtained from Kozluk location. The highest plant height (58.6 cm), leaf area (8.1 cm2/main leaf), leaf length (8.1 cm), leaf width (4.9 cm), fresh herb yield (3461 kg) by harvest time da-1), dry herb yield (469.4 kg da-1) and total phenolic content (4479.6), were obtained at the third harvest time. When the location and harvest times are evaluated together, it is seen that Kozluk and 3rd Harvest periods come to the fore in terms of vegetative characteristics. Considering the yield and quality factors in terms of purple basil cultivation areas and harvest times, it has been determined that areas with relatively cool altitudes come to the fore.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Determination and sustainable management of weeds affecting the production
of container-grown outdoor ornamental plants: the case of Sakarya province
nurseries
- Authors: Özlem ÇEVİK KÜÇÜK; Zübeyde Filiz ARSLAN, Necmi AKSOY
  Abstract: This study was carried out in the province in 2017 and 2018 in order to determine the weed species, the prevalence and density values of these species and the dominant species in potted outdoor ornamental plant nurseries. Identified weed species were classified according to the prevalence (%) and density (number/m2) values. As a result of study, of the 122 weed species recorded in the production areas, 18 are monocotiledon, 103 are dicotyledon and one is seedless. It has been revealed that weed species richness is high, and recorded species are generally wide spread and dense in production areas. Twelve predominant species were recorded in all nurseries, of these the density of 10 species was higher than 50 per m2. Among the dominant weed species Erigeron canadensis, Melilotus officinalis, Alopecurus myosuroides, Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa crus-galli and Portulaca oleracea are accepted as invasive species due to their biological characteristics. During the production season, hand weeding is applied against to weeds, problem in the potted production areas in the region. As an alternative to this impractical and uneconomical method, research on the effectiveness of methods such as mulching, flaming and pre-emergence herbicide applications should be conducted and successful applications should be disseminated. In addition, some measures should be taken at regional and national scale for effective management of weeds.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Effects of exposure to 2G/3G cell phone radiation on in vitro
fertilization, subsequent development and sex distribution of bovine
embryos
- Authors: Ali Galip ÖNAL; Yusuf Ziya GÜZEY
  Abstract: During the thousand years of human evolution, the male to female ratio was practically equal, but it has recently changed in some way. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phones on in vitro fertilization, embryo growth, and sex differentiation in cattle embryos. MII oocytes obtained from ovaries taken from slaughterhouse were used as research material. Gametes were exposed to electromagnetic fields by having a mobile phone inside the incubator that would periodically ring. On days 7 and 8, blastocyst development stages and embryo cleavage rates were evaluated. Additionally, the rates of cleavage for different time intervals after in vitro fertilization were noted. The sex determination of the embryos produced in vitro was determined by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). As a result, it was found that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields could mainly reduce blastomere count, embryo diameter, and embryo quality rather than a having major adverse effect on the development of cattle embryos. Additionally, it was shown that exposure to electromagnetic fields appears to drastically reduce the chances of male survival.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
The response of vegetative and generative properties of cotton to water
stress and foliar sulfur fertilization
- Authors: Berkant ÖDEMİŞ; Yaşar AKIŞCAN, Batuhan AKGÖL, Deniz CAN
  Abstract: This study was carried out to determine the effects of different water stress levels on the vegetative and generative properties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and the effects of foliar sulfur applications on the elimination of the effect of water stress. In the experiment, the effects of foliar applied sulphur [non sulphur (S0) together with 150 ml da-1(S1), 250 ml da-1 (S2) and 350 ml da-1(S3)] under three different irrigation levels (I100, I66, I33, I0) of available soil water capacity was investigated. Evapotranspiration (Et) decreased slightly in the first year and increased in the second year as the sulfur doses increased. Sulfur doses caused a polynomial increase in biomass in the first year and in LAI in the second year. The redness length on the main branch increased linearly as water stress increased. When compared to control treatment, increasing irrigation water resulted increase in total dry matter, plant length and leaf area index by 112-49%, 46-64 %, 56-360%. The same values for the first and second year were found to be 14-4%, 0.80-28% and 10-12% when compared to those of S0. The period from combing to the period when the first flower is seen is the most important development period affecting the yield parameter. It has been observed that the most sensitive period to drought is the flowering period. Although the foliar application of sulfur increased the chlorophyll content, it did not have a significant effect on vegetative and generative properties.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Determination of soil samples and fertility status of pistachio orchards
in Adıyaman province
- Authors: Ceren Ayşe BAYRAM; Gökhan BÜYÜK, Nurettin KIYAS, Ahmet UÇAR
  Abstract: Soil samples were taken from 77 different villages in Adıyaman and analyzed in order to determine the fertility status of Pistachio orchards. The soils have clayey loam texture, slightly alkaline reaction, unsalted content, and the lime content varies between 0.10 % and 56 %, with an average of 18.7 %. Total N (nitrogen) concentration ranged between 0.04-0.65 %. P2O5 (phosphorus) content ranged between 0.02-30.3 kg da-1 and average 2.76 kg da-1, available K2O (potassium) content was 15.5-281.2 kg K2O da-1, on average 114.6 kg K2O da-1, available Ca (calcium) content ) amount varies between 605-1866.9 kg da-1, and their Mg (magnesium) content varies between 70.2-558.3 kg da-1 on average, as 1242.1 kg da-1; on average, it was determined as 217.4 kg da-1. Average Fe (iron), Zn (Zinc), Mn (manganese and Cu (copper) values in the samples were 6.4 mg kg-1, 0.72 mg kg-1, 11.5 mg kg-1 and 3.24 mg kg-1, respectively. has been determined. Plant nutrition problems were determined in the analyzed orchards, and the idea of conducting studies on farmer's orchards emerged. It has been determined that the new and current fertilization program should be created by using organic and chemical fertilizers, taking into account traditional practices, and that irrigation projects should definitely be included, taking into account climate change.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
The effect of different seeding rates on yield and quality characteristics
of rapeseed varieties
- Authors: Cenk Burak ŞAHİN; Dilan DURMUŞ, Necmi İŞLER
  Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different seeding rates on yield and yield components of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera) cultivars grown under Hatay-Türkiye conditions. The study was conducted in 2020-2021 season at Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Agriculture Research Field. The study was conducted over split-plot design with three replications. Varieties (PT264, PT275, Süzer, Samibey, DK Exception) were placed in main plots and seeding rates (6, 9, 12 kg ha-1) were placed in split plots. Seed yield were found to be significant statistically for seeding rate but not for cultivars. The highest seed yield were observed in PT275 and 12 kg ha-1 with the value of 374.22 kg da-1 and 402.67 kg da-1,respectively. DK Exception and 9 kg ha-1 treatment came forefront with 43.43% and 40.10%, respectively for oil content. Although it is not possible to reach a definite judgment due to the fact that the study is only one-year, it was concluded that winter rapeseed may be grown in Hatay conditions, and contribute to future research. DK Exception and 12 kg ha-1 treatment may be the optimum selection when all these investigated parameters are taken into consideration.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Preference study of Trichogramma pintoi (Voegele)
(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) on host eggs of different ages and species
- Authors: Esra TAYAT; Nihal ÖZDER
  Abstract: Eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller), Cadra cautella (Walker) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) are host of parasitoid Trichogramma pintoi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) which is used in biological control of pests. In this study, the host species and egg age preferences were determined in the parasitization performance of the adult female of T. pinto. For host species and egg age preference, 1, 2, 3 and 4 days old eggs from three different hosts were given to the parasitoid which were kept in controlled conditions until they hatched and then counted. Adult T. pintoi species were also stored at 4±1 °C up to 4 days. It was determined that the fecundity and life span of female parasitoids decreased as the storage period increased. T. pintoi was found to prefer up to 1 day eggs old in all three hosts. Parasitoid preferred 2, 3, and 4 days old eggs of all host species at the similar rates. Eggs of E. kuehniella and C. cautella were determined as the most preferred host, followed by eggs of P. interpunctella. Adult T. pintoi females stored for 1 day were found as the most surviving female individuals. The highest parasitization rate was also determined in females stored for 1 day. Host species, egg age preference and storage time of adult parasitoid are thought to be very important in mass production and release studies of T. pintoi.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Acaricidal effects of some plant essential oils on the adult females of
two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
- Authors: Asiye UZUN YİĞİT; Fatma Zehra OK, Ozan DEMİRÖZER, Arif ŞANLI
  Abstract: In this study, the effects of five essential oils [mint (Mentha arvensis L.), thyme (Origanum onites L.), lemon grass (Cymbopogan citratus), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and clove (Syzgium aromaticum L.)] were determined on female adults of two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acari:Tetranychidae). Four different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04%) of essential oils were applied to adult females on bean leaves prepared according to the leaf-disc method (4 cm) in plastic petri dishes by spraying. At the 24th and 72nd hours following the applications, the mortality rates at the lowest dose of 0.04% of all essential oils ranged between 6±1.87%-11±1.00% and 25±3.53%-41±1.87% (P= 0.000, F=11.711), respectively. The highest mortality rate was in lemongrass treatment (41±1.87% in 0.04% dose) at the 72nd hour. On the 5th day of the observations, the highest mortality rate was in thyme application (77±5.14% in 0.04% dose) and there was no significant difference in lemongrass and clove treatments. On the 7th day, lemongrass oil caused 99±1.00% death, followed by clove (98±1.22%), thyme (96±1.87%) and eucalyptus (85±2.73) and peppermint (82±2.00) treatments in 0.04% concentration. Five of the seven tested essential oils had a toxic effect on the T. urticae females at the highest concentration seven days after application. It can be concluded that the essential oils of lemongrass, clove, and thyme can have a significant acaricidal effect on T. urticae females.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Contribution of African indigenous plants to human and animal nutrition
security: Insight from the use of baobab in Northwestern Nigeria
- Authors: Mercy SALAMİ; Raphael BABATUNDE, Grace AKİNSOLA
  Abstract: In this study, we looked into how the baobab, an indigenous plant of Africa, affected households of Hausa-Fulani in Northwestern Nigeria's nutrition security. The study employed a mixed data set from 239 households. Specifically, we looked at how baobab contributed to the nutritional security of children under the age of five and how baobab was used to manage livestock. We also described the features of Hausa-Fulani families in Northwestern Nigeria. The data were analyzed using multinomial regression models and descriptive statistics. The Focus Group Discussion showed that baobab enhances a child's nutritional status. The multinomial regression analysis supported this since baobab consumption was found to positively influence weight gain. Numerous ethnoveterinary functions of baobab were also reported. It was concluded that baobab contributes significantly to the nutritional security of households in the study area. We thus urge the use of baobab for food bio-fortification and the necessity for research to boost the indigenous food systems of Africa. The result of this study will help encourage the utilization of baobab plant parts in the fortification of diets and strengthen the value chain system of the plant.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Bibliometric analysis of quantitative genetics research in animal science
in the last decade
- Authors: Adile TATLIYER TUNAZ
  Abstract: This study aimed to analyse the articles published with Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science (WoS) in quantitative genetics in animal science with the bibliometric method, which can be used in all disciplines. The research data consists of a total of 1281 studies published between 2012-2021, title-based from WoS. A bibliometric approach was applied to the data with a comprehensive overview of thematic focus, citation analysis, country productivity, country collaboration, conceptual structure, historically direct citation network using the "bibliometrix" function in R software. Studies were categorized using K-means clustering and multiple concordance analysis (MCA). Clusters were created on the thematic map with KeyWord Plus. The results were as follows: the Journal of Dairy science was the most active journal. The most cited countries and hence the most productive countries were Brazil and the USA. The most preferred keyword in publications was “selection”. Two separate clusters were formed in the conceptual structure map, generally on "milk production" and "genetic parameters". With the KeyWord Plus analysis, the most preferred keyword in the publications was "selection". Researchers can gain a general sense of what's going on in the field based on the findings, and also the findings may even motivate researchers to collaborate in the field. It is thought that this study can present useful contributions to researchers by clearly presenting trend research hotspots and the future direction of the field with a comprehensive overview.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
The effects of somatic cell count (SHS) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) level
on milk production and composition in some dairy cattle breeds
- Authors: Ali KAYGISIZ; Onur ŞAHİN
  Abstract: In this study, the relationship between Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and Milk Urea Nitrogen (MUN) levels and their effects on milk composition were investigated some cows. In Red Danish, Simmental and Holstein cattles, average SCC’s were found to be 201.6±13.11x103 (Log10 SCC: 4.90±0622), 178.22±14.532 x103 (Log10 SCC: 4.90±0.567) and 305.7±94.37x103 cell ml-1 (Log10 SCC: 4.95±0.619), respectively. The average milk urea nitrogen (MUN) levels were measured as 8.07±0.221, 17.81±0.353, and 7.53±0.667 mg dl-1, respectively. Besides, 305 days milk yields were 7603.3±79.57, 8125.0±85.037 and 7995.9±216.51 kg; lactation lengths were 348.9±3.82, 380.0±14.26, 466.4±32.45 days; milk fat ratios were 3.60, 3.68 and 3.72%; milk protein ratios were 3.40, 3.55 and 3.33%; milk lactose ratios were 4.69, 4.73 and 4.67% and milk dry matter amounts were 12.41, 12.72 and 12.26% for Simmental, Red Danis and Holstein cattles, respectively. While the effect of urea classes on SCC was insignificant in the Simmental breed, it was significant (P<0.05) in the Red Danish and Holstein breeds. The effect of metabolic disease classes, however, was insignificant in the Simmental and Holstein breeds, and significant (P<0.05) in the Red Danish breed. The effect of SCC classes on MUN was found to be very significant (P<0.01) in Simmental and Red Danish breeds while it was determined as insignificant in Holstein breed andthe effect of metabolic disease classes was significant in all breeds (P<0.05). Additionally, differences between breeds were significant (P<0.05) in terms of metabolic disease such that ketosis rate was higher in Holstein breed compared to the other two breeds.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Determination of nutrition status of leaf and soil samples of citrus
(Citrus sinensis) orchards in Tarsus district of Mersin
- Authors: Rıdvan OYA; Kerim Mesut ÇİMRİN
  Abstract: The study was carried out to determine the nutritional status of orange (Citrus sinensis) orchards selected from representing Tarsus district of Mersin. For this purpose texture CaCO3, pH, EC, organic matter and macro-micro nutrients analysis were performed in 30 soil samples (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths) and 15 plant samples taken from 15 different orchards. According to the results obtained from the research, it was determined that the average clay, silt and sand amounts of the local soils were 34.3%, 36.5% and 29.2%, respectively, and they were generally medium and heavy textured. Most of these soils with slightly alkaline reaction, unsalted, slightly moderately salty and high-salt properties contain low and moderate organic matter and are determined to be high and very calcareous. In terms of nutrients, the soils were found to be insufficient in terms of approximately 36% N, 20% P, 6.6% K, 70% Zn, 56% B and all Mn contents. Although the orange leaf samples taken from the orchards are deficient in terms of N content in 6.67%, P in 40%, K in 46.67%, Mg in 66.67%, Fe in 20%, Mn in 93.3% and Zn in 90%. It was determined that 93% of them were sufficient in terms of B. When the soil and leaf analysis results were evaluated together, it was observed that P, K, Mg and Fe were insufficient in the plant, and there was an excess in the plant in terms of B.As it can be understood from here, there are some problems in the nutrition of the orchards. As a result, the importance of a fertilization program has emerged as a result of plant and soil analyzes in this study.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease outbreak in Nigeria and its economic impacts
on rabbit farmers in Kwara state
- Authors: Muhammad BELLO; Matthew AYENI, Matthew ADEWUMI, Ismail AHMED
  Abstract: A fatal and rapidly spreading viral disease known as "Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD)" ravaged the rabbit industry recently in Nigeria and had devastating effects. This posed a new threat to the Nigerian rabbit farming business and resulted in significant economic losses. The economic effect of this lethal rabbit disease on Nigerian rabbit farmers is yet to be examined by any study hence, the present study examined the economic impact of RHD on farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria, was examined. The study involved 120 rabbit farmers sampled using a snowballing technique. The description of the farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics and the analysis of the economic loss to rabbit farmers were done using descriptive statistics, while Garrettˈs ranking technique was used to determine the extent of damage to the rabbit farmers by the outbreak. The economic loss analysis revealed that an affected rabbit farmer lost ₦383,600 as a result of the outbreak, and the high mortality rate was identified as the first significant damage experienced by the rabbit farmers and the precursor of other economic losses to the affected farmers. We recommended a continuous extension education on the need for practicing stringent biosecurity to be provided to the farmers.
  PubDate: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +030