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Savannah Journal of Research and Development
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2595-041X
Published by Universidade de Brasília

[53 journals]

Estimative of reference flows for water resources planning and control:
hydrologic regional indicators application
- Authors: Matheus Siqueira Piol , José Antonio Tosta dos Reis, Murilo Brazzali Rodrigues , Antônio Sergio Ferreira Mendonça , Fernando das Graças Braga da Silva, Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva
  Pages: 171 - 181
  Abstract: Due to limitations of hydrometeorological monitoring network related to spatial station distribution and extension of historical series, tools that aim to improve consistency and optimize available data analysis have become essential. In this context, regionalization techniques stand out, once the main focus is the delimitation of hydrologically homogeneous regions with the subsequent spatial transposition of hydrological variables of interest. Regional indicators, defined as the mean values of hydrological variables and characteristics of a homogeneous region, constitute an expeditious approach to hydrological regionalization. The main perspective of the study was to evaluate the use of regional indicators when quantifying reference flows associated with average flow, drought, or flood conditions. The study area selected was the Manhuaçu River basin, a major Doce River tributary, located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The results showed that the regional indicators allow estimates of diverse reference flows with mean errors lower than 30%, considered satisfactory for the study area. However, the conventional method of flow regionalization presented more consistent results, with mean errors usually lower than 20%, regardless of the reference flow analyzed. It was also observed that adopting historical flow series with varied extensions did not produce relevant differences when appropriating the diverse reference flows for the Manhuaçu River basin, with none exceeding 3%.
  PubDate: 2023-08-11
  DOI: 10.5327/Z2176-94781598
  Issue No: Vol. 58, No. 2 (2023)
Influence of different soil uses in the Pampa biome, southern Brazil, on
fungal communities
- Authors: Amanda Luisa Stroher, Thais Müller, Daiane Heidrich, Guilherme Liberato da Silva, Claudete Rempel, Mônica Jachetti Maciel
  Pages: 182 - 191
  Abstract: Anthropogenic activities in any natural ecosystem cause changes that affect the physical and biological environment, causing degradation. Likewise, these activities can cause significant changes in the chemical and physical factors of the soil, also impacting the microbiological community. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of soil biochemical and physicochemical characteristics on the development of fungal communities in three different soils of the Pampa biome. The soil types selected were: native forest, Eucalyptus plantation and pasture area, in two distinct periods: hot and cold. Microbiological, physicochemical and biochemical analyses of the soils were carried out. The following genera and species of fungi were identified:Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp., Geotrichum sp., Isaria sp., Penicillium sp., Scedosporium sp., Trichoderma sp., Verticilliumsp. The results showed that the fungal community is being affected by soil composition characteristics, regardless of the sampled areas. Aspergillus sp. is associated with higher amounts of manganese, boron and the Ca+Mg/K ratio in the soil, while A. niger and Trichodermasp. have a negative relationship with these variables. Aspergillus sp. showed a high ability to tolerate Mn. The most diverse area was pasture in the warm period, and the least diverse was Eucalyptus plantation in the cold period. The analyzed taxa had a reduction in the cold period compared to the warm one, except for Aspergillussp. in the Eucalyptus area, which presented a greater amount in the cold period compared to the hot period. It can be seen that the use of soil in the Pampa biome for planting monocultures or for generating pastures interferes with its characteristics and distinctly affects the fungal community.
  PubDate: 2023-08-21
  DOI: 10.5327/Z2176-94781550
  Issue No: Vol. 58, No. 2 (2023)
Socially-driven risk in a town of the Amazon coastal zone: the case of
Vigia de Nazaré, in Pará state, Brazil
- Authors: Cairo Eduardo Carvalho Barreto, Marcia Aparecida da Silva Pimentel
  Pages: 192 - 202
  Abstract: Vigia de Nazaré is a town located in the northeastern extreme of the Brazilian state of Pará, in the Pará Coastal Zone, a sub-region of the Amazon Coastal Zone. The town sits on the lower levels of the region’s terraces, and on fluviomarine plains. The different stages of its sociospatial evolution reflect the problem analyzed here, in particular, the occupation and urban development of the fluvial-marine plains, which was occupied spontaneously by large numbers of families, most of which are socially vulnerable. The present study investigated the physical and social processes that led this urban space’s vulnerability to hydrometeorological hazards, based on an integrated historical-geographic approach and the inherent precariousness of the environment. The data analysis revealed high levels of annual precipitation in the region, with a well-defined rainy season between January and May (mean monthly precipitation of over 300 mm), in an environment dominated by semidiurnal macro tides with amplitudes of up to 4.5 meters. In 2022, the high tide reached at least 4.2 meters in 60 occasions — the level of alert for possible rainfall-induced tidal surges. The recent occupation of the urban zone is concentrated on the low-lying areas of the fluviomarine plain, which recently account for one-third of the urban center. These areas are exposed to the hydrological dynamics of the local estuarine environment, which result in environmental degradation and hydro-morphodynamic processes alteration.
  PubDate: 2023-08-29
  DOI: 10.5327/Z2176-94781546
  Issue No: Vol. 58, No. 2 (2023)
Reuse of effluents from cattle slaughterhouses: multicriteria evaluation
- Authors: Thálison Dourado de Oliveira, Daniella Costa Faria Nepomuceno, Liliana Pena Naval
  Pages: 203 - 211
  Abstract: Cattle slaughterhouses generate a large amount of effluent with a high concentration of organic and inorganic compounds. However, the choice of appropriate technologies can produce effluents with sufficient quality for the practice of reuse as a strategy for saving water. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of effluent treatment systems from cattle slaughterhouses to promote the reuse of effluents, specifically for fertigation. The multicriteria analysis was employed, adopting the ELECTRE I method. The effluent treatment alternatives, the definition of the degree of importance, and the weights of each established criterion were considered. The estimated volume of effluents generated in slaughterhouses in Brazil was 85.374 million m³/year, with a high concentration of biochemical/chemical oxygen demand, nutrients, oils, and greases, solids, and E. coli. The treatment technologies that showed the best performance were UASB reactor + ultrafiltration and activated sludge + ultrafiltration, producing effluents with compatible quality for agricultural reuse under Brazilian legislation.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
  DOI: 10.5327/Z2176-94781624
  Issue No: Vol. 58, No. 2 (2023)