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Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences
Number of Followers: 0  Open Access journalISSN (Online) 2617-6149 Published by Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv  [1 journal]
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- The sixth generation of three native chickens: expected response,
mortality, body weight, and productivity
Authors: Shakila Faruque, A. K. Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan, Md. Tareq Hossain, Md. Sazedul Karim Sarker, Md Hafizul Islam, Md Zulfekar Ali
Pages: 3 - 7
Abstract: The study aimed to assess the performance of three native chicken genotypes over six generations under intensive management. A total of 1488 day-old chicks (Naked Neck, NN-316; Hilly, HI-535; and Non-descript Deshi, ND-637) were used to produce the sixth generation (G6). Adult birds were individually housed with feeders and drinkers. Concentrate feed containing 20.06 % CP and 2908 Kcal ME/kg DM; 18.13 % CP and 2904 Kcal ME/kg DM and 16.33 % CP and 2845 Kcal ME/kg DM, were fed twice daily in the morning and evening to the birds during the brooding, growing and laying periods, respectively. Significant differences in body weight at 8th week was observed, with HI genotype having the highest weight (705.76g). NN genotype had slightly higher chick mortality (3.79 %) compared to ND (3.13 %) and HI (2.80 %) between 0–8 weeks. Age at first egg was affected by genotype, with ND, HI, and NN laying at 148.84, 152.39, and 153.24 days, respectively. Fertility was also influenced by genotype, with the highest hatchability in ND (88.98 %), intermediate in HI (83.72 %), and lowest in NN (79.99 %). In conclusion, HI genotype is recommended for meat production, while NN genotype is suitable for egg production. Continued selection of indigenous chicken lines is advised for further improvement.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.01
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Prevalence, genetic characteristics and economic losses of Foot-and-Mouth
Disease Virus (FMD) in global and Bangladesh context: A Review
Authors: Md Zulfekar Ali, Dolly Dewan, Md Mizanur Rahman Khan, Mirza Mienur Meher
Pages: 8 - 19
Abstract: Foot and Mouth disease virus (FMD) is a transboundary animal disease (TAD) affecting global cloven-hooved wild and domesticated animals. It is recognized as a significant economic infectious disease in the livestock business. Domesticated animals such as goats, sheep, cattle, pigs, and buffalo are vulnerable hosts for FMD. This RNA virus is classified as a member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. It encompasses around 60 subtypes and is divided into seven serotypes: C, O, A, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia1. There is no cross-protection across different serotypes, and occasionally, the effectiveness of vaccination may be restricted, even when targeting the same serotype. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and classify the viruses currently in circulation, mainly when vaccination is employed for disease management. Hence, it is necessary to administer multivalent vaccines with genetically matching vaccines in circulation to ensure adequate protection through immunization. Bangladesh has a high cattle population, and FMD leads to significant economic losses for farmers. Serotypes A, O, and Asia 1 are circulating in Bangladesh. The most common serotype is O, although Bangladesh has reported multiple serotype infections. Strategic vaccination, immunity screening, and outbreak surveillance are being examined for FMD management in Bangladesh. This review analyses FMD epidemiology, genetics, diagnostics, economic impacts, and prevention-control efforts worldwide, emphasizing Bangladesh. Finally, the study recommends FMD management advice for endemic settings.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.02
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Biochemical indicators, quality and safety of domestic and wild pig
slaughter products
Authors: S. V. Furman, I. M. Sokulskyi, D. V. Lisohurska, O. V. Lisohurska, B. V. Gutyj
Pages: 28 - 35
Abstract: Animal husbandry is one of the important branches of agricultural production, which plays an important role in the formation of food security of Ukraine and providing the population with important types of food. The correct methodical approach to the inspection of organs and tissues of slaughtered animals allows to avoid errors in the diagnosis of various diseases, in the sanitary assessment of slaughter products, to prevent meat losses and the release of food products that are dangerous for humans. Analyzing the requirements of the modern market and the priority directions for the development of trade relations between the countries of the European Union for our country, it should be noted that the responsibility for the export and import of products of animal origin and the control of the production of high-quality and safe products is entrusted to the specialist of the state veterinary service. Organoleptic analysis of slaughter products is an important component of inspection. In addition, it should be noted that determining the degree of freshness of meat for a long time was carried out only with the help of the organoleptic method. It has been proven that organoleptic indicators provide comprehensive information for determining the good quality of meat. The quality of meat or its nutritional value refers to the chemical composition of the fleshy part, which includes muscle, fat and connective tissue. The chemical composition, energy value, digestibility, taste, culinary and other properties of meat depend on the ratio of these tissues. The quality of meat is influenced by the breed of animals, sex, age, fatness, the nature of fattening, conditions of transportation and pre-slaughter aging, methods of stunning, degree of exsanguination, etc. The article presents materials related to the inspection of animal slaughter products in the Zhytomyr region (agro-food market in the city of Olevsk). The study was carried out as part of the research work of the department of normal and pathological morphology, hygiene and expertise “Monitoring the content of toxic substances in drinking water, feed and their impact on the body of cattle and the quality and safety of products”, state registration number – 0120U101318. The purpose of the study is to inspect the slaughter products of domestic and wild pigs in the agro-food market of the Zhytomyr region. The task of the work was to determine the organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological indicators of slaughter products of domestic and wild pigs. The testing laboratory of veterinary and sanitary examination in the market carries out significant work on the inspection of animal slaughter products, which ensures the release of good-quality products for the population. As a result of the inspection of the slaughter products of domestic and wild pigs, it was established that all meat samples according to organoleptic parameters corresponded to the parameters of fresh high-quality meat, the reaction to peroxidase was positive, the pH of the meat ranged from 5.9 to 6.1. No trichinella was detected during trichinoscopy of pork samples. Veterinary and sanitary examination of livestock products on the markets is carried out only by veterinary medicine specialists of state laboratories or other state institutions of veterinary medicine. The laboratory carries out mandatory quality and safety control of all controlled products sold, including food products of animal origin intended for human consumption. In this regard, it is important to carry out inspection, sanitary evaluation of slaughter products of slaughter animals and determination of morphological characteristics of meat of domestic and wild pigs.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.04
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Iodine deficiency as an environmental risk factor for thyroid gland
diseases in animals
Authors: І. P. Ligomina, I. M. Sokulskyi, V. M. Sokolyuk, B. V. Gutyj, L. M. Soloviova
Pages: 36 - 42
Abstract: Among non-infectious diseases in humans and animals, iodine deficiency pathology is a significant problem worldwide due to its high prevalence and broad spectrum of clinical signs and consequences. Increasing anthropogenic pressure on the natural environment has led to an ecological crisis. The situation is complicated in the biogeochemical zones of Ukraine, where insufficient or excessive content of mobile forms of microelements in soils and water sources determines the biological reaction of local flora and fauna. In animals, this is manifested by endemic diseases, including hypothyroidism. Mineral elements, including iodine, are a structural material in the body of animals; they participate in the processes of digestion and absorption in the digestive tract, synthesis, splitting, and excretion of metabolic products, creating the necessary conditions for the normal functioning of enzymes, hormones, vitamins, stabilize acidic-alkaline balance and osmotic pressure. Of all the organs of the endocrine system, the thyroid gland is the most closely related to the environment since its structure and function largely depend on the supply of iodine from the outside. The authors describe in detail the role of synergists of iodine (selenium, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt) and antagonists, the imbalance of trace elements, the influence of ionizing radiation, and the nature of feeding. It is substantiated that the action of environmental elements and anthropogenic factors determines the appearance and risk of developing thyroid pathology in cows. The article presents materials from a complex study of the clinical course of iodine deficiency, as well as morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of cows. The object of research is clinically healthy and sick animals – cattle. Diagnosis of thyroid pathology was carried out with the help of clinical and laboratory tests. The clinical examination of cows was carried out according to the generally accepted scheme, taking into account the results of the general condition and studies of individual organs and systems. The research was conducted in three districts of the Zhytomyr region (Korostenskyi, Narodytskyi, and Popilnianskyi). During the external examination of the animals, swelling in the intermaxillary space (Myxedema) was observed, which was found only in 5 out of 90 dairy cows (5.6 %), mainly from Narodytsky district (8.9 %), compared to 2.2 % in Korosten district. It was observed that goiter was established in only three cows out of 90 (3.35%); all were in Narodytsky district (6.7 %). Enophthalmos was detected in 24 out of 90 dairy cows (26.7 %), including 16 out of 45 cows (35.4 %) in the Narodytsky District, while this symptom was not detected in the Popilnya District dairy cows. It was established that the content of thyroxine in dairy cows of Narodytskyi and Korostensky districts ranged from 2.2 to 4.25 μg/100 ml (28.3–54.7 nmol/l), respectively, and was on average 3.4 ± 0.21 μg/100 ml (43.8 ± 2.70 nmol/l, in cows from the conditionally clean territory (Popelnyan district) – 5.3 ± 0.65 nmol/l.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.05
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Body weight and morphological profile of blood of deer (Cervus elaphus) in
the conditions of Polissia Volyn
Authors: R. V. Hunchak, V. M. Hunchak, M. P. Soltys
Pages: 43 - 49
Abstract: The homeostasis of the whole organism and the analysis of hematological parameters in red deer (Cervus elaphus) play an essential role in comparative physiology for health assessment and disease diagnosis. The obtained blood results can be the basis for assessing the condition of wild deer populations with an existing clinical picture or characterize the nutritional status, habitat, or other stress factors, as the hematopoietic system is susceptible to any changes in the animal body. In the course of the research, it was found that the body weight of adult deer varied depending on the population. Female deer of the Latvian and Lithuanian crossbreeds and the Eastern European population had the highest weight. As for the males, the animals of the Hungarian population had a higher weight than the English population. A high level of growth intensity in the early postnatal period was characteristic of both young females (body weight gain was in the range of 44.8–45.8 kg) and males (42.6–44.12 kg). The analysis of hematological parameters confirmed that the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin content increased in the blood of animals of the English population under technological stress (by 5.6 and 4.4 %). Regarding individual populations, it was noted that under the same conditions of immobilization of animals (medication), the number of red blood cells in the blood of Latvian crossbred deer was 8.5 % higher than the English population. The hemoglobin content was 5.3 % lower, and the saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin was 12.9 % lower. It was found that the hematological parameters of 3–4 month-old fawns (females and males) of the English population were characterized by relative stability. Against the background of a tendency to a higher number of red blood cells in females (by 12.8 %), the hemoglobin content was 3.3 % lower than in males. The number of leukocytes in the blood of females was slightly higher than that of males, although no significant deviations were noted in some forms of white blood cells.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.06
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Some innovations in pig farming and their zootechnical assessment
Authors: V. I. Khalak, B. V. Gutyj, O. M. Bordun
Pages: 50 - 54
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to investigate the life expectancy, duration of breeding use, and reproductive qualities of sows of the large white breed of French selection, based on the obtained data to develop a new way of evaluating sows according to their operational value, as well as to calculate the economic efficiency of their use in the conditions of the industrial complex. The research was carried out in the conditions of the breeding plant for breeding large white pigs of Agroprime Holding LLC of the Odesa region and the animal husbandry laboratory of the Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Evaluation of sows by indicators characterizing the level of their adaptation and reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: life expectancy, months; duration of tribal use, months; received farts during the period of breeding use of all, received live piglets of all, head.; multifertility, goal; high fertility, kg; nest weight at the time of weaning at 28 days, kg; preservation of piglets until weaning, %. A comprehensive assessment of the sows of the general sample and different operational values was carried out according to the methodology of Berezovsky (2019) and biometric processing of research results – according to Kovalenko et al. (2010). It was established that the sows of the controlled population are characterized by high indicators of life expectancy, duration of breeding use, and reproductive qualities. Regarding fertility and litter weight at the time of weaning at 28 days, the sows of the controlled population belong to the elite class. A significant difference between sows of the category “high operational value” (I experimental group) and “low operational value” (II sub-experimental group) was established by the duration of life (7.9 months; td = 7.67), the duration of breeding use (8.3 months; td = 7.61), the number of farrowings obtained (1.7 farrowings; td = 9.44), the number of live piglets (24.9 goals; td = 10.50), multifertility (1.1 goals; td = 3.23), high fertility (0.03 kg; td = 0.67), the weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days (8.0 kilograms; td=3.07), survival of piglets before weaning (2.7 %; td = 1.52) and M. D. Berezovsky's index (3.43 points; td = 3.26). The number of reliable correlations between life expectancy, duration of breeding use, absolute indicators of reproductive qualities of sows, and the index “exploitation value of the sow” (EVS) is 75.0 %. The criterion for selecting sows of high operational value for the controlled population is the “EVS” index value at 220.90 or more points.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.07
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Results of radiographic assessment of cardiac size in dogs with
progressing myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: R. M. Trofimiak, L. G. Slivinska
Pages: 55 - 59
Abstract: Chest radiography for mitral valve endocardiosis (MMVD) is both an independent and an additional method of investigation compared to echocardiography. It allows assessment of lung tissue condition, central airways, degree of vascularization, and changes in the mediastinum and pleural cavities. This study aimed to perform a radiographic examination of dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis at different stages under previously established and new indices and to determine their informativeness. The study was conducted in the private veterinary hospital “Eurovet” and at the Department of Internal Diseases of Animals and Clinical Diagnostics clinic of the Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies of Lviv. The subjects were 25 dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis. The diagnosis was established based on the American College of Veterinary Medicine criteria. During the study, three experimental groups of animals were formed according to their clinical-functional status and the characteristics of each stage of MMVD development: groups B1, B2, and C. In group B1, 57.1 % of the animals had a slight increase in the RLAD index. With the progression of the disease, we observed a further increase in RLAD (in 80 %), a significant increase in VLAS (P < 0.01) for the first time in 40 %, as well as a decrease in RLAD-spine (P < 0.05) in 40 % and Bronchus-spine (P < 0.01) in 60 % of dogs, which generally indicates both local enlargement of the left atrium and cardiomegaly. The informativeness of the VHS index was noted at stage C (group C), as in 66.7 % of the experimental animals, its value exceeded (P < 0.001) the reference values of the norm. At the same time, we observed an increase (P < 0.05) in the mean value of RLAD by 1.3 times compared to group B1 and VLAS (P < 0.001) by 1.6 times. Between the radiographic indicators, we confirmed the presence of a strong correlation. Thus, in group B2, it was positive (r = +0.779) for VHS and RLAD and negative (r = -0.831) for VHS and RLAD-spine. In group C, a further increase in the correlation (r = +0.885) was found only between VHS and RLAD. Based on the analysis of chest radiography data, it is advisable to use radiographic indices in cases of cardiomegaly, particularly with left atrial enlargement. However, this requires their group determination and mandatory comparison with echocardiographic examination results. In veterinary practice, this has diagnostic significance for establishing the stage of the disease, as well as in the selection or correction of the therapeutic support scheme for the patient.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.08
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
- Paravertebral block with lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture in goats
Authors: F. B. Bolaji-Alabi, H. I. Rasaq, B. N. Ogunro, O. O. Akinniyi
Pages: 2027 - 2027
Abstract: Loco-regional anaesthesia and sedation protocols are becoming more popular in ruminant. This research compared some effects of xylazine or acepromazine in combination with lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture for paravertebral nerve block in goats. Twenty adult, apparently healthy West African Dwarf goats were randomly allocated to two groups (five males and five females each). Each group received either xylazine (0.05 mg/kg) + 2 % lignocaine (2mg/kg) – 0.5 % bupivacaine (0.95 mg/kg) mixture (XLB) or acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) + lignocaine-bupivacaine mixture (ALB). Clinical parameters were recorded immediately (0 minutes) and at 10-minute intervals for an hour and 24 hours. Venipuncture was carried out via jugular vein for haematology before administration of drug (B0), 30 minutes (B30), 60 minutes (B60) and 24 hours (B24). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as mean and standard deviation at a significance level of 0.05. The onset of deep sedation following administration of acepromazine was 31.5 ± 0.97, while it was 2.90 ± 0.57 for xylazine. Acepromazine significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the rectal temperatures (RT) of the goats within the first 20 minutes and significantly reduced the respiratory rates of the goats when compared to xylazine. None of the drugs significantly altered the heart rate of the goats. None of the changes in haematological parameters was statistically significant across the sampling time frame. However, red cell parameters (Packed cell volume, red blood cell count, and haemoglobin concentration) and Lymphocyte count were significantly depressed after XLB administration. All the haematological changes were restored to pre-anaesthetic values after 24hours. This study demonstrates that xylazine can be a beneficial alternative and desirable for emergencies in minor ruminant sedation.
PubDate: 2024-08-01
DOI: 10.32718/ujvas7-2.03
Issue No: Vol. 7, No. 2 (2024)
