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Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1411-0067
Published by Universitas Bengkulu

[25 journals]

THE KINETICS OF NITRATE IN SOIL UNDER THE APPLICATION OF VERMICOMPOST
- Authors: Kartika Utami, Evi Intan R.S., Zainal Muktamar, Yudhy Harini Bertham, Kanang S. Hindarto
  Pages: 1 - 6
  Abstract: Nitrogen is the most often deficient in the soil and will be impacted by farmers associated with the economic issue. Nitrogen exists in soil systems in many forms and changes, such as mineralization and mobilization, nitrification, denitrification, volatilization, runoff and erosion, and leaching. The Inceptisol has a pH of 5,5 (acid), impacting soil nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, and organic-C; meanwhile, Ultisols have high acidity and Al exchangeability. This study aimed to determine the rate of nitrate availability on Ultisols and Inceptisols added dairy cattle waste vermicompost. The experiment was arranged by Randomized Completely Design with two factors. The first factor was vermicompost with three doses; there were 0 ton/h, 15 tosn/ha, and 30 tons/ha and the second factor was two types of soils, Inceptisol and Ultisol. The experiment was conducted by three times. The result is on the R2 value, the reaction order kinetics model, which best explains the relationship between vermicompost dosing and nitrate availability in Ultisols and Inceptisols, is a first-order equation. The constant nitrification rate was 0.04 to 0.06 daily with three dairy cattle waste vermicompost dose levels. The potential nitrification showed that a high-level dose increased high nitrate. In Ultisols, the nitrification potential has risen from 1.21 to 1.44 mg/kg NO3- in others, increasing from 1.36 to 1.41 mg/kg NO3-. Dairy cattle waste vermicompost can accelerate nitrification in acidic soil, especially Ultisols and Inceptisols. This biofertilizer can supply nitrate to the soil by enhancing microbial activity. Nitrate availability in the soil can be supported by 30 tons ha-1 dairy cattle waste vermicompost.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.1-6
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DARI CANGKANG TELUR DAN AMPAS TAHU UNTUK
MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL SELADA MERAH PADA SISTEM HIDROPONIK
RAKIT APUNG
- Authors: Yustika Yustika, Nugraheni Widyawati
  Pages: 7 - 11
  Abstract: [APPLICATION OF LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM EGGSHELL AND TOFU DREGS ON PROMOTING GROWTH AND YIELD OF LETTUCE UNDER FLOATING RAFT HYDROPONIC SYSTEM]. Eggshell waste and tofu pulp contain nutrients that have the potential as plant fertilizers. The use of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from eggshells, and tofu dregs can be a source of nutrition in hydroponic cultivation at a relatively low price. The optimal growth of red lettuce plants requires a proper concentration of nutrients. This study aimed to examine the effect of the concentration of LOF from eggshells and tofu dregs that are most effective in increasing the growth and yield of red lettuce in floating raft cultivation systems. This research was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021 at the Kartini Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design with liquid organic fertilizer made from egg shells and tofu dregs with different concentrations and AB mix as a comparison. The treatment consists of five levels, namely AB mix, LOF 10 mL/L, LOF 20 mL/L, LOF 30 mL/L, and LOF 40 mL/L. Observation parameters include plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, and fresh and dry weight of the plant. The results of the observations were analyzed using the analysis of variance (F test 5%). On average, the HSD Tukey test followed the treatment with a confidence interval of 5%. This study showed an influence on the treatment of eggshell LOF concentration and tofu dregs 20 mL/L resulting in the highest red lettuce with 9.15 leaves, root length 38.75 cm, header fresh weight 36.33 g and highest root fresh weight 16.22 g at LOF treatment 10 mL/L. These results have not matched the application of ABmix fertilizer, which reached the fresh weight of 74.79 g.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.7-11
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
KANDUNGAN NUTRISI KASGOT LARVA LALAT TENTARA HITAM (Hermetia illucensi)
SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK
- Authors: Heny Agustin, Warid Warid, Illa Muliani Musadik
  Pages: 12 - 18
  Abstract: [NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE (Hermetia illucensi) FRASS AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER]. Nowadays, maggots or Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae are widely used as organic waste decomposers. The use of maggot as a macro-organism waste decomposer is considered an innovation in processing waste. Maggot farming produces residue which is called Black Soldier Fly Larvae Frass (BSFF). BSFF is called organic solid fertilizer and can optimize growth because it contains various nutrient flows needed for plants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the nutritional content of BSF larvae reared in the waste of rice, fruits, vegetables, and their mixture. Within this aim, it was conducted a laboratory experiment using four treatments of BSFF (the waste of rice, fruits, vegetables, and their mixture) research was conducted from March to June 2022 at the Experimental Garden and Integrated Laboratory of Trilogi University, Jakarta, with the Seameo Biotrop Laboratory, Tajur-Bogor, West Java. BSFF nutrient content was measured by the organic fertilizer test kit (PUPO) and standard laboratory procedure. According to the result of the PUPO or laboratory test, it was found that BSFF from organic waste harvested two weeks has fulfilled the standard from Permentan 2019, especially on the treatment of giving waste of rice, vegetables, or fruits with pH criteria between 4-9, C organic more than 15%, ratio C/N less than 25, the total value NPK nutrient more than 2% and Fe was found to be less than 500 mg/kg.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.12-18
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
EFFECTIVENESS OF VERMICOMPOST IN SUBSTITUTING UREA FOR PROMOTING GROWTH
AND YIELDS OF MUNG BEAN (Vigna radiata L.) IN ULTISOLS
- Authors: Evendi Tri Mulyono, Hesti Pujiwati, Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi, Bambang Gonggo Murcitro, Supanjani Supanjani, Hasanudin Hasanudin
  Pages: 19 - 26
  Abstract: Vermicompost is one of increasingly applied organic fertilizer to many vegetable crops in order to reduce the dependency on synthetic fertilizer, including the use of urea as nitrogen source. This experiment aimed to determine the best dosage combination of vermicompost and synthetic urea on growth and yields of mung bean grown in Ultisols. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Treatments consisted of (1) control, no urea and no vermicompost, (2) 50 kg/ha urea + no vermicompost, (3) 40 kg/ha urea + 3 Mg/ha vermicompost, (4) 30 kg/ha urea + 6 Mg/ha vermicompost, (5) 20 kg/ha urea + 9 Mg/ha vermicompost, (6) 10 kg/ha urea + 12 Mg/ha vermicompost, and (7) 0 kg/ha urea + 15 Mg/ha vermicompost. Results indicated that the combination of urea and vermicompost increased plant height, leaf number, branch number, number of nodules/plant, shoot to root ratio, number of pods/plant, number of pods/plot, grain dry weight/plant, grain dry weight/plot, and total yield /ha, but not days to flowering and weight of 100 grains. The best combination to increased growth and yields of mung bean was 12 Mg/ha of vermicompost in combination with 10 kg/ha of urea. This combination produced the highest grain yields/ha (2.1 Mg/ha).
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.19-26
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA TIPE PENGGUNAAN LAHAN YANG BERBEDA DI KECAMATAN
PUJON, JAWA TIMUR, INDONESIA
- Authors: Devina Ristanti Putri, Purnomo Edi Sasongko
  Pages: 27 - 33
  Abstract: [SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE TYPES IN PUJON DISTRICT, EAST JAWA, INDONESIA ]. Soil quality may be affected by land use types because these may cause alterations in soil physical properties determining, in turn, a reduction in land productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact on soil physics of different land use types in an area of Pujon, East Jawa, Indonesia by determining several soil physical indicators.The changes in these indicators were assayed on top soil samples (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm) in three replicates collected with purposive sampling method in Pujon Region under three different landuse types (dry land, garden, and forest). Moreover, assessing field conditions of the three landuse was carried out by survey method and ArcGIS software. Results showed that the three types of land use have a texture of loam, sandy loam, clay loam, and granular structure. Moisture content varied from 17.84% - 22.18%. The range of bulk density was from 0.71 – 1.06 g/cm3 for dry land with slope class 3 and classified as poor status. Specific gravity ranged from 2.58 – 2.65 g/cm3. The total pore space ranged from 59.23% – 72.80%. The permeability ranged from 3.92 – 14.55 cm/hour and categorized as a bad to good status.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.27-33
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR PATOGEN BUAH STROBERI SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
- Authors: Paisal Ansiska, Selviana Anggraini, Indriati Meilina Sari, Ela Hasri Windari, Hefri Oktoyoki
  Pages: 34 - 39
  Abstract: [ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF STRAWBERRY FRUIT PATHOGENIC FUNGI DURING STORAGE]. Storing strawberry fruit is one way to extend its shelf life and maintain its quality during storage. However, during storage, there is still a risk of pathogenic fungi attack that can cause damage to the strawberry fruit. Pathogenic fungi attack on fruits can cause various types of damage, such as physical damage, color changes, loss of taste and aroma, as well as a decrease in nutritional quality. In addition, pathogenic fungi can also cause significant economic losses for farmers and producers. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of pathogenic fungi commonly found on strawberry fruit and analyze the severity of damage caused by pathogenic fungi. Identification of fungal species is carried out using microscopic methods and through examination of spore morphology. The pathogenic fungi that attack strawberry fruit are Penicillium spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Botrytis cinerea. Strawberry fruit stored at a cool temperature can suppress post-harvest disease symptoms compared to those stored at room temperature.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.34-39
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
INCIDENCE OF LEAF AND FRUIT EATER, Diaphania indica (Saunders) IN MELON AT
SRI KUNCORO VILLAGE, PONDOK KELAPA SUBDISTRICT, BENGKULU TENGAH REGENCY
- Authors: Nadrawati Nadrawati, Agustin Zarkani, Priyatiningsih Priyatiningsih, Aprilian Pitoyo
  Pages: 40 - 44
  Abstract: Melon is a fruit plant that has the potential to be developed and can become a superior horticultural product. The demand for melons continuously increases yearly, requiring a large and continuous supply. Fruit must be available at any time in sufficient quantity and quality to be used as an agricultural commodity with high economic value. Diaphania indica (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a significant pest that attacks the leaves and fruit of the Cucurbitaceae family, including economically important crops such as melon. Studies on Diaphania pests that attack melon leaves and fruit have not been widely studied in Indonesia. Also, due to the cases happening of leaf and fruit-eating attacks in Bengkulu, proper pest control efforts are needed. One of the basics for determining how to control is to know the population density and the level of damage caused by these pests. This research was conducted on the farmers' land in Sri Kuncoro Village, Pondok Kelapa Sub-District, Bengkulu Tengah Regency, November 2021-January 2022. The variables observed were the population density of D. indica, the percentage of leaf damage, and the percentage of parasitic larvae. The results showed variations in the density of D. indica larvae and the percentage of leaf damage. The mean population density of larvae was 1.47 per plant, and the percentage of infected leaves was 29.49%. Parasitoids associated with D. indica larvae were found in Apanteles spp, with a percentage of parasitized D. indica larvae of 46.67%.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.40-44
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
EKSPLORASI KERAGAMAN PLASMA NUTFAH JENGKOL DI KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG
BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
- Authors: Nike Karjunita, Yeni Permata Sari, Kuswandi, Ananto
  Pages: 45 - 50
  Abstract: [EXPLORATION OF JENGKOL GERMPLASM’S DIVERSITY IN SIJUNJUNG REGENCY BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS]. Jengkol is one of the leading commodities in Sijunjung Regency. This research aims to determine the genetic diversity of jengkol accession in Sijunjung Regency based on morphological characters. The exploratory research was conducted in three sub-districts in Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra from January to May 2021. The observed characters included vegetative and generative characters, which refer to the description of the registered jengkol variety. Data were analyzed using software R.3.5.2 for cluster analysis, and SPSS 17.0 for principal component analysis. The 60 accessions of jengkol from exploration in Sijunjung Regency were grouped into two main groups, namely Group 1 which consisted of two accessions, UGB 2A, and ARS 2B, while the rests belonged to Group 2. The coefficient of dissimilarity between the two groups of jengkol accessions from Sijunjung Regency about 45%, or with a similarity of 55%. The results of PCA analysis of 19 characters in 60 accessions of jengkol indicated a contribution of 79.17% of the total diversity, which was divided into seven main components. This study recommended a necessity to establish further selection from the diversity of jengkol germplasm in Sijunjung. Selected accessions can be registered by the Sijunjung Regency Government in order to increase the number of high-yielding jengkol varieties in West Sumatra, as well as be beneficial for seed breeders and farmers in this area
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.45-50
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT SEBAGAI PENGENDALI BIOLOGIS CENDAWAN
Pestalotiopsis sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR DAUN PADA TANAMAN KARET (Hevea
brasiliensis Muell. Arg.)
- Authors: Vazza Navtra Tylova, Syamsul Bahri, Boy Riza Juanda, Alchemi Putri Juliantika Kusdiana
  Pages: 51 - 58
  Abstract: [The Potential of Endophytic Bacteria as a Biological Controller of Leaf Fall Disease Caused by Pestalotiopsis sp. IN Rubber Plants (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.]. This study aims to explore endophytic bacteria and determine their effectiveness against the fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. which causes leaf fall on rubber plants. Pestalotiopsis sp. can attack all rubber clones resulting in decreased latex production. The presence of pathogen attacks can result in enormous economic losses. Therefore, it is very important to find an effective and efficient controlling method, one of which is through biological control of plant diseases, namely by using antagonistic microorganisms. The presence of endophytic bacteria as biological controllers has become an alternative method to reduce the practices of chemical control. This study used a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, so that 24 experimental units were obtained, using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media for the in vitro antagonist test using the dual culture method. Namely P₀ = Control, P₁ = Pestalotiopsis sp. 1 vs Bacteria P, P₂ = Pestalotiopsis sp. 2 vs Bacteria B, P₃ = Pestalotiopsis sp. 3 vs Bacteria C, P₄ = Pestalotiopsis sp. 4 vs Bacteria E, P₅ = Pestalotiopsis sp. 5 vs Bacteria F. The results indicated that antagonistic treatment of endophytic bacteria in vitro affected the percentage of inhibitory power of the mycelium of the fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. by endophytic bacteria at 1 - 6 Days After Incubation (DAI). The 3% KOH method and gram staining showed that samples P₁, P₂, P₅ did not produce mucus and were purple in colour (positive), but samples P₃, P₄, showed mucus and were pink in colour (negative). Hypersensitivity reactions to tobacco plants samples P₁, P₂, P₃, P₄, P₅ did not show negative characteristics or did not cause changes in coloration and symptoms on leaves of tobacco plant.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.51-58
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)
EFFECT OF PLASTIC MULCHING AND PESTICIDE APPLICATION ON ACTIVE AND STABLE
CARBON IN VOLCANIC SOILS, WEST SUMATRA
- Authors: Maulana Kamil, Annisa Rachim, Irwin Mirza Umami, Khairun Nisa Kamarudin, Hermansah Hermansah
  Pages: 59 - 65
  Abstract: Agricultural intensification plays an important role in sustaining productivity. Plastic mulching and the application of pesticides in crop cultivation have become inevitable to achieve high yield production. This study was aimed to determine the effect of plastic mulching and pesticide applications on carbon (C) fractions. The field experiment was designed using a completely randomized design with two factors consisting of plastic mulching and the application of pesticide at two levels (with and without) at each treatment. All the treatments were prepared for three replications. The soil carbon fractions data collected includes active C and humic acid as stable C fractions. The findings of this research showed that both active and stable C fractions were not significantly influenced by plastic
  mulching and pesticide applications. The active and stable C fractions were ranging from 1.40 to 1.42 g/kg and from 193.3 to 220 g/kg, respectively. These results might be attributed to the period of the study. The duration of this study might be not sufficient to capture any potential long-term changes in soil C fractions induced by the treatments. Thus, further research should consider extending the experiment duration to assess the long-term effects of the agricultural practices to C fractions.
  PubDate: 2023-06-28
  DOI: 10.31186/jipi.25.1.59-65
  Issue No: Vol. 25, No. 1 (2023)