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Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering)
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2302-559X - ISSN (Online) 2549-0818
Published by Universitas Lampung

[7 journals]

Cover Vol 12 No 4, December 2023
- Authors: Agus Haryanto
  PubDate: 2023-12-02
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Determination of Suitable Plant Types in an Irrigation Command Area Using
IWQI Method
- Authors: Sri Wahyuningsih, Elida Novita, Reo Nurdiansyah Ramadhan
  Pages: 795 - 806
  Abstract: Irrigation water quality of has an essential roles in growing crops by farmers. Agricultural crops can produce superior products if they have good irrigation water quality. Irrigation water quality index (IWQI) is a method to evaluate the quality of irrigation water. This research aim at applying the IWQI in the Sukorejo Secondary Channal to determine suitable plants within the command area with the criteria of tolerance relative to salt. The research was performed by measuring some parameters including the content of Na+ (sodium), Cl– (chloride), HCO3– (bicarbonate), electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), as well as soil permeability. Results of this study showed that the Sukorejo Secondary Channal delivering irrigation water IWQI value of 61.54. Measurements also revealed the soil has a moderate to high level of permeability. Recommendation that can be given is the use plants with moderate amounts of water consumption with moderate tolerance to salt levels. Recommended plants according to IWQI value include corn, soybean, wheat, rice, tomato, cabbage, tobacco, mustard greens, celery, lettuce, papaya, pineapple, pumpkin, peanuts, cucumber, broccoli, tomato, cabbage, eggplant, spinach, potato, watermelon, radish. Keywords: Alkalinity, IWQI, Plants, Salinity, Water quality
  PubDate: 2023-09-29
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.795-806
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Addition of Essential Oil Bioadditives as a Mixture of Biodiesel B35 Fuel
on the Performance of Reducing Water content and Particulate Content
- Authors: Anggi Firdaus Agumsah, Meika Syahbana Rusli, Dwi Setyaningsih, Egi Agustian, Ade Kurniawan
  Pages: 807 - 817
  Abstract: The use of biodiesel is still experiencing problems due to large amount of water content which produce from the transesterification process, making it has unstable oxidizing properties. The large amount of water content in biodiesel causes the emergence of microorganisms which becoming sludge in the engine room, and can clog the fuel filter. In this study, we propose the application of oxygenate bio-additives to minimize water and particulate content by using turpentine essential oils, clove terpenes, rhodinol, camphor oil, and synthetic additive 2EHN. Based on the study's results, the water content of biodiesel B35 with the AC bio-additive mixture experienced the highest decrease in water content, which was 18% or 287.2 ppm and performs well in reducing particulate levels of 4, 6, and 14 microns. The completely randomized design (CRD) test results for non-factorial moisture content on days 0, 3, 5, 7, and 14 and particulate matter 4, 6, and 14 microns showed no significant difference because each P value was obtained greater than α (0.05). Keywords: Bio-Additives, Biodiesel, Oxidation, Oxygenate, Particulates.
  PubDate: 2023-09-29
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.807-817
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Physicochemical Quality of Oyster Mushroom for Functional Food
- Authors: Helmi Haris, Ridwan Rachmat, Tiana Fitrilia, Ahmad Syarbaini, Amar Ma’ruf, Dede Djuanda, Dian Histifarina, Bagem Sembiring
  Pages: 818 - 830
  Abstract: This article presents studies on the physicochemical quality of oyster mushrooms grown within a housing and controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT). The goals of this study were to assess (1) the impact of indoor air quality on the growth and quality of mushrooms and (2) the antioxidant content of oyster mushrooms. In this study, the air temperature and humidity of oyster mushroom house per unit time was recorded and controlled automatically by an IoT system. Additionally, their physicochemical and microbiological quality were evaluated using physico-analytical instruments, and the potency of their ergothioneine (EGT) content was investigated using the HPLC method. The temperature of the air inside was between 29 and 35 °C, and the relative humidity was between 60% and 90%. The average texture of mushroom is soft. The average length, width, and height of the fresh mushroom were 41.5 mm, 60.0 mm, and 29.5 mm, respectively. The microbiological test confirmed that there was no salmonella infection in the collected mushrooms. The button-stage mushrooms have less total fungus than the bloom-stage mushrooms. The extraction standard method employs an EGT content of 0.674 mg/g as determined by chromatography data analysis. The oyster mushrooms can be consumed as a healthy meal, and the study of EGT showed also very prospective as one of immunotherapeutic food. Keywords: Ergothioneine, Fibre-reinforced plastic house, Internet of think, Oyster mushrooms
  PubDate: 2023-12-01
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.818-830
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Detection of Formalin Content in Chicken Meat Using Portable Near Infrared
Spectrometer
- Authors: Agita Rakhmawati, Yohanes Aris Purwanto, Slamet Widodo, Dewi Apri Astuti
  Pages: 831 - 839
  Abstract: Food safety is essential for consumers. One of the compound that are prohibited from being used to preserve chicken meat is formalin. It demands a fast classification and sorting process for chicken meat, whether it is processed further or not. The main objective of this research is to develop a model that can predict the formalin content of chicken meat at room temperature using a portable NIR spectrometer. The NIRS method utilizes electromagnetic waves in infrared radiation with wavelengths ranging from 740-1070 nm. The method used to process the data is partial least square discriminative analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the presence of formalin in chicken meat. The results showed that the best pre-treatment was using the 1st derivative which had calibration results with an accuracy value of 92.86%, sensitivity 94.05%, specificity 91.67%, and FPR 8.33%. While the validation results obtained an accuracy value of 92.86%, sensitivity 92.86%, specificity 92.86%, and FPR 7.14%. Keywords: Chicken meat, formalin, NIRS, non-destructive method, PLS-DA.
  PubDate: 2023-12-01
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.831-839
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Application of Time-of-Flight (ToF) Laser Sensor for Real-Time Cutting
Width Monitoring System on Mini Combine Harvester
- Authors: Renny Eka Putri, J P Geraldo, Andasuryani Andasuryani
  Pages: 840 - 851
  Abstract: Yield monitoring is a precision farming technology that monitors crop yields in real-time. The cutting width is one of the variables gathered by yield monitoring. The cutting width is measured using the sensor by subtracting the width of the header from a distance reading from the sensor to the rice installed on the left and right sides of the mini combine harvester header. This research aims to design a cutting width measurement system using the VL53L1X ToF sensor on a mini combine harvester. The VL53L1X ToF Sensor is used as a distance sensor, followed by an ESP-32 microcontroller and a WiFi module. These are linked to the database and interpreted into digital form using an I 2 C LCD so that the user may see the results afterward. The accuracy of the two sensors (left and right) is evaluated by comparing distance measurement results on an object with an R 2 value of 1. For static testing on rice plants (Oryza sativa L), ten data collecting variations with three repetitions were conducted, with an average R2 of 0.9975 throughout the three repetitions. The dynamic test system includes an Ublox GPS tracker used to read coordinates for variability mapping of cutting width on ArcGIS application using the kriging method. The kriging result shows five different cutting width classes and the difference in variability in harvesting on the field. Keywords: Sensor, Mini Combine Harvester, Accuracy, Cutting Width
  PubDate: 2023-12-01
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.840-851
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Prediction of Caffeine and Protein of Arabica Coffee Beans Using Near
Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
- Authors: Fitri Yuwita, Ifmalinda Ifmalinda, Muhammad Makky
  Pages: 852 - 862
  Abstract: Testing the chemical components of coffee beans has so far been carried out conventionally with laboratory analysis which requires a long time and is expensive. Technological advances allow testing of chemical components to be carried out quickly and accurately using the NIRS (Near Infra Red Spectroscopy) method. This research aims to develop a prediction model for caffeine and protein in Solok Radjo coffee beans using the NIRS method. Solok Radjo coffee is a type of Arabica with specialty grade because of its very strong character, aroma and taste. A total of 30 samples with a weight of 6 g per sample were used in this study. This research uses NIRS Type FT-IR IPTEK T-1516 with a wavelength of 1000 - 2500 nm. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used to process the data with several SNV, MN, and MSC pretreatments to improve the model. The research results show that caffeine is found at wavelengths of 1456 - 1475 nm, 1937 - 1974 nm. Proteins 1455 - 1475 nm, and 1935 - 1974 nm. MSC pretreatment is able to improve PLS performance results. Caffeine calibration values are R2 = 0.996 and SEC = 0.002%, validation values R2 = 0.989, SEP = 0.002%, and RPD 11.869 while protein calibration R2 = 0.999 and SEC = 0.004%, Validation values R2 = 0.999, SEP = 0.010%, and RPD 19,943. NIRS can be used to predict the chemical components of Solok Radjo coffee non-destructively using the PLS method. Key work: Caffeine, NIRS, PLS, predict, protein
  PubDate: 2023-12-01
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.852-862
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Application of Pb-Resistant Bacteria to Reduce Pb-Accumulation in Brassica
sp. on Pb-Contaminated Soil
- Authors: Beauty Laras Setia Pertiwi, Yulia Nuraini, Sugeng Prijono, Reni Ustiatik
  Pages: 863 - 874
  Abstract: Brassica sp. is a horticultural crop with high demand for consumption. To meet the demand, farmers apply intensive farming to increase yields and prevent plant pests and diseases that cause yield loss. Agrochemical applications in the form of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides contribute to lead (Pb) contamination in agricultural soils and increase lead (Pb) content in the cultivated plants. Nowadays, using bacteria for remediation (bioremediation) is environmentally friendly and effective in cleaning pollutants by converting organic Pb into inorganic Pb which is less toxic. This study aims to explore Pb-resistant bacteria that can reduce Pb-accumulation on food crops such as Brassica sp. grown in Pb-contaminated soil. This study isolated 15 isolates that survived on nutrient agar containing 1,000 mg/L Pb(NO3)2. The study showed 2 potential Pb-resistant bacteria that reduced Pb accumulation in Brassica sp. up to 30.5%. The bacteria are gram-positive bacilli and non-human pathogens (PT-3 and PT-5). DNA barcode identification results showed the isolates identified as Bacillus altitudinis (PT-3) and Bacillus wiedmannii (PT-5). Aplication of the bacteria increases the shoot length and fresh weight of Brassica sp. Application of the bacteria improves food crops quality by reducing heavy metals accumulation, such as Pb. Thus, the bacteria are potential as biofertilizers for reducing agrochemicals use in intensive agriculture areas and preventing environmental destruction and food contamination. Keywords: Bioremediation, Brassica sp., Inorganic Fertilizers, Lead-Resistant Bacteria, Pesticides.
  PubDate: 2023-12-02
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.863-874
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Use of Portable Fluorescence Spectroscopy and SIMCA Method to Test The
Authenticity of Apis mellifera Honey From Coffee Flower Nectar Mixed With
Two Artificial Sweeteners
- Authors: Sapto Kuncoro, Diding Suhandy, Warji Warji, Dicky Ervandi
  Pages: 875 - 885
  Abstract: Honey with coffee flowers nectar is native honey formed from flower nectar. In this investigation, corn syrup and rice syrup, two artificial sweeteners, were utilized as an adulterant. Portable fluorescence spectroscopy and the SIMCA method are the tools and techniques employed. There were up to 20 samples of pure Apis mellifera honey and up to 120 samples of mixed honey (MC), each used twice. Data on the emission spectra, which are excited at a wavelength of 365 nm, were measured over the wavelength range of 300-800 nm. To improve accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, the original spectral data was altered using a number of pre-treatments. Pretreatment with the original data with smoothing moving average may accurately identify samples and provides 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. One of the steps of the SIMCA approach, the cumulative PC, has a value of 92%, which indicates that it well explains the variation of the data. The x-loading plot's values are near the peak of the waves at 378 and 460 nm, indicating the existence of phenolic and flavonoid chemicals at those wavelengths. Keywords: Apis mellifera honey, Corn syrup, Rice syrup, Portable Spectroscopy, SIMCA.
  PubDate: 2023-12-02
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.875-885
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
Analysis of Fuel Consumption Rate of A Rotary Power Tiller on Various
Tillage Patterns
- Authors: Purwoko Hari Kuncoro, Halimah Setia Budi Lestari, Krissandi Wijaya, Ropiudin Ropiudin, Arief Sudarmaji, Susanto Budi Sulistyo
  Pages: 886 - 898
  Abstract: Data about the relationship between various tillage patterns and fuel consumption rate remains scarce. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of five tillage patterns on fuel consumption rate. The five tillage patterns applied were 1) gathering pattern, 2) casting pattern, 3) one way pattern, 4) spiral pattern, and 5) alpha pattern. While, rotary power tiller operation was set for a) with-no implement and b) with implement. During the rotary power tiller operation, total time consumed (t) and fuel consumption rate (FCR) were measured. As the result, different tillage pattern gave different t and FCR values for the both conditions of rotary power tiller operation namely with-no implement and with implement conditions. The alpha pattern gave the highest values, for which t values were 11.77 and 13.67 minutes, respectively, and FCR values were 10.77 and 14.87 liters/ha, respectively. On the other hand, the one way pattern was found to be the most efficient after giving the lowest values, for which t values were 5.86 and 8.60 minutes, respectively, and FCR values were 4.27 and 5.04 liters/ha, respectively. The data further confirmed a positive correlation between t and FCR. This result suggested that tillage patterns affect t, by which FCR could be altered. In this case, the number of turning passage was thought as the property of tillage pattern that affects t. The higher values of t and FCR for the rotary power tiller operation with implement than those of the tractor operation with-no implement were probably due to the greater engine power required for dealing with the operated implement and tillage draft. Keywords: Fuel consumption, Rotary power tiller, Tillage pattern, Time consumption
  PubDate: 2023-12-02
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.886-898
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)
The Shelf-life, Microbiology Quality, and Characteristic Changes of
Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 Milk Jelly Candy during Storage
- Authors: Rafli Zulfa Kamil, Fida Hasna Fadhila, Angela Dea, Endang Sutriswati Rahayu, Subekti Hartiningsih
  Pages: 899 - 908
  Abstract: Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when consumed in sufficient amounts, can provide health benefits to their host. L. plantarum Dad-13 milk jelly candies are non-fermented probiotic products. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the characteristics of probiotic milk jelly candies during storage and their microbiological quality. Characteristics such as pH, water activity (aw), hardness, chewiness, gumminess, brightness, and viability of lactic acid bacteria were analyzed over a period of 4 weeks at two temperatures, namely 4 and 30°C. Sub-lethal injury analysis was conducted to estimate the survival of probiotic cells during the jelly candy manufacturing process. Microbiological quality was assessed through Total Plate Count (TPC), Coliform, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Mold, and Yeast analyses. The research results showed that the number of probiotic cells experiencing injury was less than 5%. Furthermore, changes in physical characteristics were observed during the 4-week storage period, but the temperature difference only affected pH and aw. The viability of lactic acid bacteria was more stable at a storage temperature of 4°C, and the microbiological quality met the jelly candy standards, except for TPC. Based on the research findings, milk jelly candies can be used as a carrier for probiotic cells as a non-fermented probiotic product innovation, with a recommended storage temperature of 4°C and best consumed within 47 days. Additionally, probiotic milk jelly candies are free from other microbial contamination. Keywords: Jelly candy, L. plantarum Dad-13, Microbiological quality, Probiotic, Storage
  PubDate: 2023-12-02
  DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.899-908
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 4 (2023)