Authors:Oluwagbenga Oluwasola Adeogun, Abosede Margaret Ebabhi, Erute Magdalene Adongbede, Omoteso Karfeel Oluwa, Adedotun Adeyinka Adekunle Pages: 85 - 98 Abstract: Fresh Talinum triangulare and Telfairia occidentalis leaves have a short shelf life; therefore, there is a need to enhance their shelf life using natural antimicrobials to maintain their freshness. The effect of an ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaf (10% w/v) integrated with a maize-based edible coating on fresh T. triangulare and T. occidentalis leaves was studied. Fresh T. triangulare and T. occidentalis leaves were evaluated for quality (pH, total carotenoid content, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content, fungal load, antioxidant activity, total soluble solids and browning potential) using a centered second-order polynomial (quadratic) model over a 9-day period. The pH values, browning potential, total soluble solids, and fungal loads of T. triangulare and T. occidentalis treated with the ethanolic leaf extract of L. camara integrated with maize-based coating had higher values than those of T. triangulare and T. occidentalis without treatment. Meanwhile, the total carotenoid content, ascorbic acid, total phenolic acid, and total antioxidant capacity of T. triangulare and T. occidentalis treated with the ethanolic leaf extract of L. camara integrated with maize-based coating had reduced values compared to T. triangulare and T. occidentalis without treatment. The disparity in the quality parameter values indicates bioactivity in L. camara integrated with a maize-based coating. This study shows that the integration of the ethanolic extract of the leaf of L. camara with the maize-based coating could be used as a biopreservation agent to improve the shelf life of T. triangulare and T. occidentalis. PubDate: 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.57446 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Jauhari Syamsiyah, Slamet Minardi, Ganjar Herdiansyah, Ongko Cahyono, Fegi Cahya Mentari Pages: 99 - 112 Abstract: The nutrients of plants and the physical condition of the soil must both be considered to increase corn productivity. The continuous use of inorganic fertilizer without manures will cause a decrease in the physical properties of the soil. Therefore, this study aims to obtain doses of organic fertilizer from cow manure and inorganic fertilizers namely urea, KCl and SP-36 that will give the best effect on the physical properties of Alfisols, growth and yield of hybrid corn. The experiment was carried out using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors namely organic and inorganic fertilizers. Each factor was given at four dosages: 1, ¾, ½ and ¼ of the standard dose each with three replications. Observation parameters include bulk and particle density, soil porosity, aggregate stability, root volume and fresh weight, plant height, as well as the weight of corn with and without husks. The results showed that organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly affected bulk density, soil porosity, aggregate stability, root fresh weight, root volume, as well as the weight of corn with and without husks. Additionally, treatment with 7.5 to 10 tons of organic fertilizer as well as ¼, ¾ and 1 dose of inorganic fertilizers produced the best effect on soil physical properties of Alfisols, growth and yield of hybrid corn, while the lowest results were obtained in the control treatment. This indicates that organic treatment can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers between ¼ to ¾ of the standard dose. PubDate: 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.65014 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Jennifer Adelia Latif, Ramadhani Eka Putra, Rika Alfianny Pages: 113 - 124 Abstract: Azolla (Azolla microphylla) is a potential livestock feed due to its fast-growing and relevant nutrient content. Quail farming generates manure as a by-product that can be used as fertilizer to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the dose effect of fermented quail manure on the growth rate of Azolla, as well as the nutritional content of the resulting Azolla biomass. The data were obtained through observation in 20 Azolla culture ponds according to the design method throughout the research for the Azolla growth rate parameters and laboratory tests to analyze manure and Azolla proximate content at the end of the study. The results showed that treatment of 50, 100 and 150 g m-2 of quail manure gave similarly good effects on the Azolla growth parameters, indicating that the application of quail manure can significantly increase the production of Azolla biomass in culture ponds. The resulting Azolla biomass from all treatments gave a value of 93% to 95% moisture content, 18% to 19% ash content, 36% to 42% protein, 20% to 37% fiber, 2.8% to 4% fat and 5% to 6% carbohydrates. Looking at the big picture, therefore, 100 g m-2 manure treatment is considered the most optimal among the rest. Based on the result obtained, this study can provide an overview of the dose of quail manure that can be used to support the growth of Azolla. PubDate: 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.56805 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Ruly Eko Kusuma Kurniawan, Ruth Feti Rahayuniati, Nurtiati Nurtiati Pages: 125 - 136 Abstract: The banana bunchy top is one of the important diseases on bananas, presumably coupled with the influence of soil properties, despite no fixed information regarding their relationship. Therefore, this study aims to map the soil nutrient contents at some banana plantation center and determine the effect of nutrient availability on the incidence of banana bunchy top disease (BBTD). This study set a purposive sampling according to the banana cultivation distribution to gain soil samples and data on BBTD incidence. Soil samples were analyzed for macronutrient content, including N capacity using the Kjeldahl method, Bray method for P analysis, and CH4OAc methods for K analysis. According to the investigation, the range of total N was 0.2% to 0.75%, showing BBTD incidence from 5.8% to 9.47%, respectively. In line with the total P, BBTD incidence increased from 8.03% to 9.62% in the P content of 15 to 35 ppm. In contrast, in the total K of 0.5 to 1 cmol(+) kg-1, the BBTD incidence tended to decline from 9.68% to 9%. It was concluded that BBTD incidence would increase with the higher levels of N and P but decrease with the higher K. In Banyumas Regency, BBTD incidence increased in the altitude range of 100 to 300 m above sea level, then decreased at a higher altitude. BBTD incidence also exhibited an unstable response to pH changes. Bunchy top disease incidence was the highest between pH 5 and 8. This could be a guide to soil management to reduce BBTD incidences. PubDate: 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.67120 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Andi Amran Sulaiman, Muhammad Arsyad, Rio Akbar Rahmatullah, Muhammad Ridwan Pages: 137 - 151 Abstract: The decline in the productivity of the national sugarcane commodity has become an issue in the last ten years. When domestic demand for sugar is increasing, the decline in productivity indicates a crisis in sugarcane production. At the same time, the involved institutions and strategic programs to encourage sugarcane production have not been well identified. The research aims to determine the institutions that are expected to play a role and the strategic programs that are prioritized in increasing sugarcane production in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study uses Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to formulate complexity, hierarchy (levels) and classification among elements. The results showed that of the 14 sub-elements of the acting institutions studied, five institutions were key actors for increasing production, namely banking institutions; universities; agricultural, plantation and fisheries offices; industry, trade, cooperatives, & Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs') offices; and private companies. Then, from the 13 sub-elements of the strategic programs, there are five strategic programs that also serve as the key programs, namely extension/assisting farmers; addition of plantation labor; providing access to capital; variations of profit-sharing and buying systems of sugarcane; and accuracy of time and adequacy of the supply of raw materials to the mills. This means that these institutions must play an important role, as well as strategic programs that must be carried out effectively to address the issue of sugarcane production in the country. Thus, researchers recommend involving all stakeholders in conducting strategic programs with the key actors as the leading driving institutions. PubDate: 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.69869 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Anirup Sengupta, Mohanasundari Thangavel Pages: 152 - 162 Abstract: Cotton is a prominent cash crop cultivated for fiber, edible oil and oil cake. A global environmental issue, like climate change, alters weather parameters necessary for the healthy growth and development of cotton plants, affecting fiber quality and economic yield. The study aims to illustrate the evidence of climate change in Maharashtra and assess its impact on the production of cotton in this region. The study was conducted in the state of Maharashtra, India. Geographic information system (GIS)-based models were created based on the vector data (geopolitical boundaries of the state of Maharashtra and its districts) and the corresponding raster attributes (meteorological data) to examine the changes in the patterns of distribution of temperature, rainfall and severity of drought (Standardized Precipitation Index-SPI) over the study period (1990 to 2015). Further, a statistical multiple linear regression model was developed using district-wise data on yield and climatic parameters obtained from International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) to estimate the relationship between the dependent variable (yield of cotton) and the independent variables (annual rainfall and annual mean temperature). GIS modeling and mapping provide evidence of changes in the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature. Although the regression analysis seems weak, it is acceptable for natural systems because natural systems are complex and often highly variable, making it difficult to create a perfect model. The multiple linear regression model shows that such changes in climatic parameters have a significant negative impact on the economic yield of cotton. PubDate: 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.64377 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Ulfiana Mahira Rahma Utama, Ani Kurniawati, Didah Nur Faridah Pages: 163 - 175 Abstract: Sintrong is an Indonesian indigenous vegetable with leaves used for vegetables, digestive disorders, and burns. Changes in the environment due to an increase in temperature affect the growth and quality of sitrong, and its existence in the nature is threatened. This study aims to obtain information about the effect of exposure to high temperatures on the physiological character and flavonoid content of indigenous sintrong vegetables and obtain accession of sintrong, which can be developed as a functional vegetable. The Nested randomized group design was applied with two factors, temperature differences as the main plot and accession as a second plot. Four replications were conducted for each accession in the Cikabayan experimental garden of IPB. The results showed that exposure to high temperatures up to 32 °C increased the speed of flowering age, which was 4.76% and 7.14% faster and showed a high wilting rate of 36.66%, but decreased leaf area index up to 30.30% and 42.42% at the conditions above ambient temperature exposure (control). Flavonoid content did not show any effect due to exposure to high temperatures. The flavonoid content reached 1695.38 and 1834.83 mg QE 100 g-1. Bogor 1 accession showed the best performance so that the plants can be developed for functional vegetables. Based on the research findings, sintrong should be harvested earlier before flowering to obtain high leaf production and good-quality vegetables. PubDate: 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.67163 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Ashiq Hussain, Tusneem Kauser, Jawed Aslam, Muhammad Yousaf Quddoos, Atif Ali, Samina Kauser, Khurram Kabir, Ayesha Rafique, Saima Noreen, Khansa Iftikhar, Tahira Siddique, Faiza Iftikhar Gorsi Pages: 176 - 192 Abstract: Lemon is one among the fruits of a highly respectable class known as citrus, well known for its nutritious juice and beverage products, rich with a range of micro and macro elements, and functional bioactives. After extraction of juice, the pomace left has great potential as a sustainable agricultural processing by-product, due to its vast application in the food, feed and pharma industries. Lemon pomace powder was prepared from the by-product obtained after the extraction of juice from the lemon. Dried lemon pomace powder contained fiber (60.12 g 100 g-1), moisture (10.67 g 100 g-1), protein (4.89 g 100 g-1), fat (2.17 g 100 g-1), sugar (4.81 g 100 g-1) and ash (3.21 g 100 g-1), indicating higher amounts of ash, fat and fiber contents than wheat flour. The water-holding and oil-holding capacities of lemon pomace powder were noticed 5.9 and 3.2 g, respectively. Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of powder were decreased while redness (a*) was increased in powder as compared to raw pomace. Water activity was decreased, while dry matter and pH of pomace powder were significantly increased as compared to raw pomace. Microbiological analyses revealed lower mold, yeast and total viable counts in lemon pomace powder as compared to raw lemon pomace. Dried lemon pomace powder was replaced with wheat flour at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% in biscuits. The biscuits were evaluated for chemical and sensory properties. Data revealed that the incorporation of lemon pomace powder improved the chemical and sensory properties of biscuits significantly. Highly acceptable biscuits with good sensory properties were obtained by incorporating 10% lemon pomace powder, with the potential use of promoting health. PubDate: 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.67769 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Marlin Sefrila, Munif Ghulamahdi, Purwono Purwono, Maya Melati, Irdika Mansur Pages: 193 - 203 Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are mycorrhizal from the endomycorrhizal group. The fungi live on higher plants' roots by performing symbiotic mutualism. This study aimed to identify AMF spores after trapping in corn roots and the degree of root infection by AMF in several host plants. The study was conducted using tidal swamps soil samples taken from Mulyasari Tanjung Lago Village, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The experiment used a randomized block design and three replicates with four host plants as a treatment: corn, soybean, sugarcane (monoculture) and sugarcane-soybean (combination). The results showed that AMF spores found on corn roots after trapping were from the Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp. groups. Hyphae, vesicles, arbuscules and spores are AMF structures found in the roots of host plants infected by AMF. The percentage of AMF infection in host plant roots ranged from 1.11% to 77.44% where the highest was in maize host plant roots at 77.44% in the form of internal hyphae. The maize host plant has a high potential to be colonized by AMF compared to a mixture of soybean, sugarcane and sugarcane-soybean. PubDate: 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.70180 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Mujtahidah Anggriani Ummul Muzayyanah, Agung Triatmojo, Nguyen Hoang Qui Hoang Qui Pages: 204 - 214 Abstract: Involvement is crucial in explaining emerging consumer behavior, such as purchasing and consumption decisions. Consumer involvement and purchase decisions are influenced by product attributes, resulting in differences in segmentation. Therefore, this study aims to examine consumer involvement in various beef segmentation categories and their product attributes. This would enable the profiling of consumer segmentation based on their level and type of involvement. The data were collected through an unrestricted self-selected survey run among 303 consumer and 4 consumer segments were identified. Furthermore, the One-way ANOVA F-tests with post-hoc Tukey multiple comparison test of mean scores and Pearson's chi-squared were used to achieve the second objective. The results showed concerned-consumer and cautious-consumer segment place emphasis on the economic value of the product when making purchasing decisions. In contrast, there was no distinction between functional and symbolic values of involvement in each consumer segment. This indicates that concerned-consumer, cautious-consumer, indifferent-consumer and straightforward-consumer segment perceive the advantages of purchasing beef. Furthermore, the concerned-consumer segment scored high on all product attributes. This study found that consumer with high involvement may consider a variety of factors before purchasing a product. Nevertheless, a low level of consumer involvement has less information to be apprehensive about, and improved consumer service can assist the cautious-consumer and concerned-consumer segment by simplifying the various information considered. Also, the identification of consumer segment based on balancing their attitudes towards meat consumption is of fundamental importance for the development of strategies in the red meat sector. The formulation of the market orientation has implications for product differentiation and marketing communication strategies. PubDate: 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.67843 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2023)
Authors:Arif Anshori, Eko Srihartanto, Fibrianty Fibrianty, Tri Endar Suswatiningsih, Sri Wahyuni Budiarti, Damasus Riyanto, Hermawati Cahyaningrum, Suradal Suradal Pages: 1 - 13 Abstract: Dryland has the potential to increase agricultural production, by increasing the cropping index. The main problem of dryland is the availability of water which depends on rainfall. Groundwater can be an alternative option to meet the availability of water in the dryland. This study aimed to determine the cropping pattern and increase of cropping index supported by groundwater irrigation in the dryland. The research was conducted in the dryland of Playen, Gunungkidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, supported by groundwater irrigation. This research used a combination of survey, interview and plot demonstration methods. Surveys and interviews were conducted to determine the condition of cultivation and profit in the first and third growing seasons. The plot demonstration, to increase the rice cropping index from 1 to 2, was applied in the second growing season. The results showed that rice productivity in the first growing season was 5.215 ton ha-1, with a profit of 12,288,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.28. In the second growing season, Sidenuk productivity was 8.025 ton ha-1, with the dry straw of 8.049 ton ha-1, grain carbon of 3.471 ton ha-1 and straw carbon of 3.723 ton ha-1, higher than those of Situbagendit, but comparable those of Inpari-42, with a profit of 20,700,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.54. Rice contributed to higher biomass, carbon and profit than groundnut. In the third growing season, groundnut productivity was 2.026 ton ha-1, with a profit of 15,572,000 IDR ha-1 and B/C of 1.78. Groundwater irrigation can support the increase in the cropping index on dryland and intensify agricultural production as well. PubDate: 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.58029 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Wa Ode Al Zarliani, Muzuna Muzuna, Sigit Sugianto Pages: 14 - 25 Abstract: Inefficient marketing and low production are the main obstacles in the selling of pepper and they also cause a low bargaining position for farmers in the market. Therefore, this study aims to determine the market behavior activities carried out to determine prices, as well as analyze marketing channels, profits received by participants and efficiency. Samples used in this study were 27 farmers, 4 trading districts, and 3 respondent retailers. The qualitative analysis was used to analyze the pattern of channels, the functions performed by associated agencies and the market behavior of the pepper commodity. Quantitative analysis was also carried out to evaluate the marketing margins, costs incurred by traders, profits received and efficiency. The results show that the selling price of pepper was determined by the merchant, with different payment systems including cash, initial deposit, and balance through oral cooperation in the form of an agreement on a place of sales, followed by the provision of capital to farmers. In the marketing process, 4 patterns of channels were formed, which include local markets and others outside the regency, and their efficiencies were above 50%. These results show that government need to provide pepper markets outside the province to improve the welfare of farmers and ensure they don't depend only on the local marketplace during harvest. PubDate: 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.59193 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Erwin Najamuddin, Ernawati Djaya, Nurasiah Djaenuddin, Amran Muis, Ria Fauriah, Salim Salim Pages: 26 - 39 Abstract: Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii is a pathogen that causes Stewart wilt on maize. This disease is important in maize. Infection early in growth can cause yield losses of up to 100%. This review examines the history, recent developments, economic impacts and developments of detection technology of Stewart wilt diseases. This paper was created by reviewing several articles relevant to the purpose of the topic. The article's results revealed that the pathogen underwent many changes, including its name, taxonomy, physiological abilities, status as an important pathogen in many countries and the development of detection technology. Currently, P. stewartii subsp. stewartii belongs to the Erwiniaceae family and has physiological abilities that can be distinguished from bacteria of the same genus and species. This pathogen has been reported to spread to more than 82 countries, including Indonesia, with 18 host plants. Some areas have reported pathogens in Indonesia, but no vector has been written. The biggest economic threat caused by this disease is the industrial production of corn seeds which require strict phytosanitary requirements and are free from pathogens. To anticipate its spread, there are four methods of detection of pathogenic bacteria that are commonly used, but serological and molecular detection technologies are the main recommendations. PubDate: 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.60688 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Herni Shintiavira, Ardian Elonard Purba, Suskandari Kartikaningrum, Atsushi Koseki Pages: 40 - 52 Abstract: The drought-tolerant Impatiens genotypes are known for their resistance to limited or stressed water. The study aimed to identify drought-tolerance of Impatiens clones. The experiment used a split-plot design replicated three times, with the water stress treatment as the main plot and Impatiens clones as subplots. The main plot consists of 100% and 60% of field capacity. The subplots consist of five Impatiens clones, 17.12; 12; 33.3; 40 B and Impatiens cv of Impala Agrihorti as a control. The results showed that 60% field capacity decreased morphological and physiological traits. Still, the drought-tolerant clones were less affected by the stress and produced more flowers than the others. The most drought-tolerant Impatiens was clone 12. The mechanism of drought tolerance Impatiens was by stomatal closure when the humidity in the growing medium was decreasing. The stomata closure did not significantly reduce the fresh and dry weight in drought-tolerant plants, but it affected the delay in flower initiation. The plant accumulated assimilate for plant height and diameter growth but is not sufficient for generative initiation. They assimilate in the vegetative phase and can be used as sources for flower formation, which show no significant decrease in the number of flowers. The study implies that the drought-tolerant Impatiens clones can be used as genotype sources for drought-tolerant or can be released as new varieties of Impatiens for landscape plants with the superiority in having drought tolerant. PubDate: 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.62652 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Ratna Umi Nurlila, Jumarddin La Fua, Muhammad Sainal Abidin, Sulaeha Sulaeha, Lodes Hadju Pages: 53 - 64 Abstract: Fusarium wilt is a plant disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum that generates significant economic loss to crops. A method to sustainably control F. oxysporum is utilizing biological agents, such as endophytic bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria from tomato plant tissue, which could inhibit the pathogen of wilt disease (F. oxysporum). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from local tomato plants in Muna Regency, Indonesia. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and height of bacterial colonies were then determined by Gram staining using potassium hydroxide (KOH). Endophytic bacterial isolates were evaluated for their ability to inhibit F. oxysporum through inhibition and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production tests. Subsequently, analysis of variance was used to determine whether endophytic bacteria inhibited F. oxysporum growth, and if there was a significant effect, Duncan's test was conducted at 95% significance. HCN production was observed through qualitative methods. The results showed that four endophytic bacteria isolates, namely LBR I A03, SWR II B04, SDM II B05 and SWR I A02 inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum by more than 50%. It also revealed that four endophytic bacterial isolates were strong HCN producers and two were weak producers. Therefore, isolates showing antifungal activity in this study can be used as biopesticide agents to induce plant resistance to F. oxysporum. PubDate: 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.64667 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Nandariyah Nandariyah, Sukaya Sukaya, Djoko Purnomo, Sutarno Sutarno, Endang Yuniastuti, Catalina Dara Ayu Az-Zahra Pages: 65 - 74 Abstract: Black rice generally has problems in cultivation such as relatively long plant life, high habitus and low productivity. Plant breeders use several methods in hybridization activities, such as backcross method that can lead to the development towards emphasizing the superiority of each parent. This research aimed to study and determined the success rate of the black rice lines F1 backcross and the parents’ performance. This research was conducted using F1 of promising lines, parental lines and the Jeliteng variety with 9 sets of crosses. Each line and variety were repeated 3 times, in total there were 57 experimental units. The observation parameters of this research were plant height, crossing success, weight of seeds, length and width of grain, flowering age, harvesting age also number of grains and unfilled spikelet. The results of this study showed that parents plant height was positively correlated with the number of productive tillers. The taller the plant, the more productive tillers and the more flowers can be crossed. The success of the cross can increase with the number of flowers crossed. The success of crosses between F1 black rice promising lines and their parents has a success rate range of 10.82% to 33.75%. The findings imply that F1 crossbreeding of black rice promising lines with their parents can be carried out to produce backcross offspring. PubDate: 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.60245 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Natania Kam, Mikaela Joanina, Hardoko Hardoko, Dela Rosa, Jeremia Manuel Halim Pages: 75 - 84 Abstract: Although minimally processed food contains more beneficial nutrients, it is one of the largest sources of food-borne diseases. Therefore, this research aims to develop the efficiency of food sanitizer, targeted toward fresh food products using a green chemistry approach. The cinnamon and clove were extracted using water distillation and ethanol extraction with the green technique. The extracts were characterized for antimicrobial activity and incorporated into basic food sanitizer formulation. The solution's color and stability were evaluated and the sanitizer was applied to decontaminate fresh strawberries. The total microbial load before and after the application was also compared to determine the effectiveness of the food sanitizer. Based on the results, all the extracts showed high effectiveness in inhibiting various spoilage microorganisms that exist in food produced with water distillation. The extracts also showed better ability when incorporated into a water-based sanitizer. All the developed food sanitizers can reduce the microbial load of the fresh produce by 4 log per 5 minutes of contact time. Meanwhile, the water-distilled clove extract showed the most effectiveness, decreasing microbial log by 3.93±0.07 log CFU g-1 of bacteria load and 4.37±0.14 log CFU g-1 of mold load, respectively which performed good dispersion stability for approximately 10 days of observation. This indicated that food sanitizer using water-distilled clove extract could be applied as a good alternative to chemical-based sanitizer. PubDate: 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.61864 Issue No:Vol. 38, No. 1 (2022)
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