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Journal of Plant Stress Physiology
Number of Followers: 1

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2455-0477
Published by TathQeef Scientific Publishing

[17 journals]

Oxidative defense mechanisms of proline on growth, nutritional
compositions and antioxidant activities in water-stressed Solanum
aethiopicum L.
- Authors: A. W. Ojewumi, M. O. Keshinro, L. F. Mabinuori, S. C. O. Makinde
  Pages: 1 - 9
  Abstract: The growth performance of vegetables is influenced by water availability. This study explored the use of proline as an osmoregulator on growth, nutritional compositions and oxidative enzyme activities in water-stressed Solanum aethiopicum. Seedlings of the vegetable were subjected to 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% proline against droughted and well-watered. Morphological and physiological characters, nutritional compositions and oxidative activities were determined in the vegetable. Plant height (20.37 cm), number of leaves (35.75 cm), Leaf area (347.55 m2), specific leaf area (72.02 m2 g-1), leaf area index (0.71 m2 m-2) relative growth rate (0.21 mg g-1 day-1), net assimilation rate (0.058 mg g-1 day-1) and leaf area ratio (0.19 m2 g-1) were higher in S. aethiopicum seedlings sprayed with 100% proline. Crude fat (0.11%), ash (1.57%), crude fibre (1.49%), crude protein (2.44%) and carbohydrate (3.50%) were higher in the leaves of the vegetable sprayed with 100% proline. Higher vitamin A (84.21 mg/100 g), vitamin B3 (0.56 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (10.97 mg/100 g) were observed in the leaves of the vegetable under 100% proline. Furthermore, sodium (8.93 mg/100 g), potassium (402.20 mg/100 g), calcium (121.55 mg/100 g) and magnesium (58.80 mg/100 g) were recorded in the leaves of well-watered. Higher SOD (0.88 mg g-1), APX (0.95 mg g-1), CAT (0.98 mg g-1), GR (0.96 ug g-1) and GST (14.52 mg g-1) were observed in the roots of S. aethiopicum droughted. Although all the proline levels sustained growth components, nutritional compositions and oxidative enzymes of S. aethiopicum under water stress, however, 100% proline produced better ameliorative effects.
  PubDate: 2023-07-26
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2023.v9.8391
Comparative study between biological and chemical agents for control
sheath blight disease of rice
- Authors: Mohammad Abul Monsur, Sharmaine C. Biñas, Shashika Neranjan Herath, Israel Dave V. Ambita, Zarin Tasnim, Ireneo B. Pangga, Christian Joseph R. Cumagun
  Pages: 10 - 17
  Abstract: Biological control measures are indispensable to sustain global food security, due to it being economically profitable and environmentally sound. A comparative study was conducted to know the effectiveness of biological control measures compared with contact fungicide. Trichoderma spp. based bio fungicides Bioquick and Biospark were applied as preventive measures and contact fungicide as a curative measure for controlling sheath blight disease in rice varieties BR 71 and IR 24. Biospark and Bioquick were applied before disease development while, contact fungicide was used after the initiation of sheath blight disease. At the early stage of disease development, the effect of Bioquick, Biospark, and fungicide in terms of reducing percent relative lesion height and percent tiller infection are comparable. At 14 DAI and 18 DAI, contact fungicide performed best among the three control measures based on the two parameters. The genotypes of the rice accessions used in the study also appeared to be a factor in disease development, as evidenced by higher horizontal and vertical disease severity in BR71 than in IR24. Between comparison of Bioquick and Biospark in terms of reducing percent relative lesion height, percent tiller infection, and percent disease control, appeared to be higher in Biospark in both varieties. From this study, we can conclude that farmers can use Biospark as a biofungicide to get maximum benefit considering rice yield and ecology. However, its efficacy is slightly lower than chemical fungicides for controlling sheath blight disease of rice.
  PubDate: 2023-09-05
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2023.v9.8459
Morphological responses of three contrasting Soybean (Glycine max (L.)
Merrill) genotypes under different levels of salinity stress in the
coastal region of Bangladesh
- Authors: Rayhan Ahmed, Md. Morshedul Islam, H. M. Moin Uddin Sarker, Mehedi Hasan, Md. Rakib Hossain, Akhinur Shila, Rayhan Ahammed
  Pages: 18 - 26
  Abstract: Soil salinity, a global environmental issue, inhibits plant development and production. Soybean is an economically important legume crop whose yield and quality are highly affected by excessive levels of salt in the root zone. A factorial experiment was conducted in a net house from October 2019 to January 2020 to evaluate the performance of three distinct soybean genotypes under varying levels of salinity stress. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Three soybean cultivars, namely BINA Soybean 1, BINA Soybean 2, and BINA Soybean 4 were used in this experiment. The soil salinity treatments were 0 mM NaCl, 50 mM NaCl, 100 mM NaCl, 150 mM NaCl, and 200 mM NaCl. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil sample was 0.91dS/m. Six seeds were sown 3 cm deep in each pot. A total of 45 pots were used in this experiment. The performance of each variety was evaluated based on its germination percentage, time of germination, no. of branches/plant, no. of leaves/plant, no. of flowers/plant, plant height (cm), no. of pods/plant, pod length (cm), seeds/pod, and root length (cm). Based on the results obtained from this research trial, it can be inferred that the BINA Soybean 2 variety along with 0 mM NaCl, 50 mM NaCl, and 100 mM NaCl treatments exhibited superior performance in all parameters compared to the other varieties. This study provides clear evidence that the soybean, particularly the BINA Soybean 2 variety, holds significant promise as a crop suitable for coastal regions. Furthermore, it suggests that the cultivation of soybeans in such areas could potentially enhance agricultural productivity, particularly in the presence of mild saline conditions. Nevertheless, it exhibits limited growth potential in environments with elevated salinity levels.
  PubDate: 2023-10-10
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2023.v9.8595
Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for low phosphorus stress
tolerance
- Authors: Maitry Roy, Sheikh Mahfuja Khatun, Lutful Hassan, Mohammad Anwar Hossain
  Pages: 27 - 35
  Abstract: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a prime factor limiting rice growth and yield around the globe. Understanding how plants respond to P starvation is very important for breeding varieties with enhanced P uptake and use efficiency. To assess the effect of low P stress on yield and yield contributing traits, an experiment was conducted using six rice genotypes applying two treatments (optimum and deficient P conditions). Data on yield and yield attributing traits viz., days to first flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), number of total tillers/plant (NTTP), number of effective tillers/plant (NETP), panicle length (PL), 100-seed weight (100-SW) and yield per plant (YPP) were recorded. Analysis of variance showed highly significant variation among the genotypes (G), treatments (T) and G × T interaction. When compared with control, a significant reduction in yield and yield attributing traits was observed in most of the studied genotypes in response to low P stress. The highest reduction in YPP was recorded in BRRI dhan78 whereas the lowest reduction was observed in Binadhan-17. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components explained 85.2% of the total variation. Yield per plant (g) showed significant positive correlation with PH, PL, NTTP and NETP whereas it showed significant negative correlation with DFF, DM and 100-SW. Based on stress tolerance indices Binadhan-17, BRRI dhan71 and BRRI dhan79 were categorized as tolerant genotypes and selected for cultivation in P deficient areas and are recommended for the genetic improvement of low P stress tolerance in rice.
  PubDate: 2023-10-26
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2023.v9.8598
Exploring the tolerance of Iraqi wheat varieties: Evaluating seed
germination and early growth of six Iraqi wheat varieties under salinity
stress
- Authors: Rawad Khalaf Hameed, Ayman Adwan Abd, Noor Maath Ahmed
  Pages: 36 - 39
  Abstract: Abiotic stresses reduce the production of crops by 50% which significantly affects the food security globally. Plant growth and development are affected by salinity stress, Salt stress affects about 19.5% of irrigated lands and 2.1% of drylands which is expected to rise in the future. Wheat Triticum aestivum is classified as one of the most significant crop globally besides maize and rice which significantly contribute as a part of daily calories and proteins and it ranked first for its values in domestication and staple food. The purpose of the study was to assess how well various wheat genotypes tolerated salinity under various salinity concentrations, and the varieties were (Iba99, Hadbaa, Hashmiaa, Al-Rasheed, Sham, and Rabiaa). Different NaCl concentrations were used (50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) and Measurements were made on germination %, shoot length, fresh weight, and dried weight. Iba99, Sham and Rabiaa were the best varieties where the seed germination was 100% and other varieties differed slightly (Hadbaa 40, Hashmiaa 80 and Al-Rasheed 60%). The growth parameters results demonstrated that all the shoot lengths and fresh and dry weights were affected by the salinity stress and the correlation was inverse. It was decreased with the NaCl concentration increase. Rabiaa and Iba99 were the more tolerant and demonstrated high growth under salinity whereas Sham showed lowest growth under salinity.
  PubDate: 2023-10-28
  DOI: 10.25081/jpsp.2023.v9.8606