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Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
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ISSN (Online) 2278-2206
Published by STM Journals

[67 journals]

Spice Production and Marketing in Kaffa Biosphere Reserve, Ethiopia
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  Authors: Amanuel Afeto Chalito
  Abstract: Ethiopia has suitable climate condition for production of various spices, herbs, aromatic and medicinal plants useful for food seasoning, aroma, medicinal and income generation. Ethiopian is the largest consumers of spices in Africa, but the contribution of this sub-sector to national economy is very low. The study area are endowed with diversified spice types with different purpose but it is not well announced, attention is not given and still many spices are collected from wild. The aim of this study was to assess spice production and marketing in Kaffa biosphere reserve. This study was undertaken in four districts of Kaffa zone includes Tello, Gimbo, Shishoende and Decha districts by selecting one representative kebele from each district. Data for this study was collected through key informant interview, focus group discussion and household survey. Diversified types of spices are produced in the study area and 89% of the sample households participate in spice production. Korarima, red pepper, rue, ginger, turmeric, bush tea, holey basil, Machewolago (Foeniculum vulgare), Aemacho(Artemisia afra), Nechamacho, coriander, rosemary, onion, long pepper and lemon grass were identified at household survey.About 60.9% of the sample households provide spices product to market and the sample households generate a mean income of 1,611.14 ETB from spice product marketing. The majority of sampled households ranked themselves at low and very low knowledge level on spice production and marketing. Spices are majorly produced in the area in home garden for consumption purpose. The main challenges for spice production in the study area are unavailability of improved variety, low attention given by government and stackholders, unavailability market, lack of knowledge and skill on production and post-harvest handling, low value addition practice and unavailability of recommended practice. Creating market for spice product and promotion is needed on its importance and give attention to spice production. Training is needed to farming community on spice cultivation, management, post-harvest handling and processing.
  PubDate: 2023-11-17
  DOI: 10.37591/rrjoast.v12i2.3748
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2023)
Evaluate the Adaptability of Improved Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L)
Varieties in the Highlands of Southern Ethiopia
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  Authors: Asgelesh Fesseha, Muluneh Mekiso, Solomon Shibeshi
  Pages: 1 - 10
  Abstract: Food barley is a cool season crop that is suitable for high altitudes and cultivated in various agroclimatic regions under several production systems; however, the unavailability of barley varieties released to study areas was a major issue. Experiments were conducted to verify the suitability of improved food barley varieties and to select high-yielding varieties for the target area. Fifteen food barley varieties were conducted using randomized complete block design with four replications across four locations in Southern Ethiopia, from June to December 2021. The results of the combined analysis of variance was highly significant (p<0.05) differences among the locations and varieties for grain yield, different response of varieties across testing locations. Lemo (4.40t ha-1) and Gumer (3.97t ha1) were high yielding locations, while Alicho wuriro (2.46t ha-1) was low yielding; the poorest performance of varieties was observed at the main station (1.74t ha-1). Varieties HB1965, HB1307, Cross41/98 and HB1966 gave the highest mean grain yield of 3.88, 3.79, 3.61, 3.40t ha-1, respectively, and the lowest mean grain yield of 2.56t ha-1 was obtained from the variety Tiret. High yielding varieties HB1307, Cross41/98, and HB1965 were adapted to the most favorable location (Gumer), while check HB1307 was the winning variety in Gumer and main station, while HB1965 was adapted to Alicho wuriro, although it was one of the highest yielding varieties across locations. It is concluded that varieties HB1307, Cross 41/98, HB1965 and HB1966, together with other recommended management practices, should be promoted within similar study areas and agro ecologies
  PubDate: 2023-06-10
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2023)
Digital Farming: A Review on Agricultural Technologies and Data- Driven
methods
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  Authors: Tuba Iram
  Pages: 9 - 15
  Abstract: The article provides a comprehensive overview of the digitalization of farming and explores the technologies and data-driven approaches revolutionizing modern agriculture. The study examines the role of digital technologies such as precision agriculture, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics in transforming various aspects of farming practices, including crop management, livestock production, and farm operations. The article reviews the application of sensor technologies for real-time monitoring of environmental conditions, soil health, and crop growth. It discusses the integration of data collection systems, wireless networks, and cloud computing to enable seamless data transfer and storage. The use of AI algorithms for predictive modeling, disease detection, and yield forecasting is also explored. Furthermore, the article analyzes the benefits of digitalization in farming, including enhanced productivity, resource optimization, and improved decision-making. It discusses the challenges related to data security, interoperability, and the digital divide among farmers. Policy implications and the future prospects of digital technologies in agriculture are also addressed. By examining case studies and research findings, this review article offers insights into the successful implementation of digital technologies in farming and highlights the potential for sustainable and efficient agriculture through data-driven approaches.
  PubDate: 2023-06-30
  DOI: 10.37591/rrjoast.v12i1.3664
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2023)
Farmers’ Awareness of Bean Ascochyta Blight and Evaluation of
Constraints of Bean Production in Rwanda.
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  Authors: Clement Urinzwenimana, Rob Melis, Julia Sibiya
  Pages: 16 - 29
  Abstract: The awareness and perceptions of ascochyta blight by farmers is an important factor that affects the type of bean genotype adopted. Although farmers in Rwanda prefer large-seeded bean genotypes both for consumption and for market, these genotypes are susceptible to ascochyta blight. It was observed that farmers are abandoning large-seeded bean genotypes in preference for smaller seeded genotypes which seem to be more resistant. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess farmers’ awareness and perceptions of bean farmers on the influence of ascochyta on the type of bean genotypes being grown. A participatory study was conducted in the districts of Burera and Musanze in northern Rwanda, Kamonyi in southern and Rwamagana in eastern Rwanda, during February- November, 2021. In addition, ascochyta severity and incidence in beans was assessed over two seasons - 2020 & 2021. The study revealed that diseases were the most important bean production constraints. Based on the visual symptoms in the bean fields visited as a whole, and on the leave and pods of plants sampled per field, there were more ascochyta infection during season B than season A. Generally the incidence of ascochyta was highest in northern Rwanda where, in some villages, such as Busogo and Rwerere, all the bean fields visited had ascochyta symptoms. Bean growers were able to identify bean ascochyta, but control measures taken were insignificant, probably due to the lack of knowledge and resources. The disease was associated with excessive rainfall and many other environmental factors, as well as poor crop management practices. Varietal preferences were based on yielding ability, early maturity, marketability, diseases and drought tolerance. Other factors considered important included, taste, climbing growth habit, cooking time, large seed size and seed colour. Generally, large-seeded bean varieties were the most preferred in both regions. Farmers that preferred the small-seeded bean genotypes based their preferences on the ability to resist pests and diseases and ability to thrive under harsh environments such as excessive rainfall, drought and mist. However, the large-seeded climbing and red mottled kidney beans genotypes though susceptible to ascochyta, were the most popular bean varieties grown both for consumption and sale in the northern and eastern regions, respectively. This therefore indicated the need to develop bean genotypes that have the qualities of the large-seeded genotypes but are resistant or tolerant to disease such as ascochyta blight.
  PubDate: 2023-07-06
  DOI: 10.37591/rrjoast.v12i1.3665
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2023)
Large Scale Demonstration and Farmers Perception on Improved Maize Variety
in Worabe Town Administration, Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia
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  Authors: Getachw Dessalegn, Abdirazak Abdala
  Pages: 30 - 38
  Abstract: Large scale demonstration of improved maize (BH661) was carried out in Worabe Town Administration in Southern Ethiopia in 2022 main cropping season with the objectives of demonstrating improved maize technologies in wider scale. On the basis of the crop's technology gap, two potential kebeles from the district were chosen. On 30 hectares of clustered land from selected kebales, this technology helped 85 farmers. Farmers Research Group trained 115 members (102 farmers and 23 other stake holders) in advance of the demonstration. Improved seed used was by the center and fertilizer and agro-chemicals by the farmers. Planting was done with seed price of 25kg ha-1;spacing of 75cm between row and 40 cm between plant and fertilizer rate of NPS : 100 kg ha-1 and UREA: 125 kg ha-1. Weeding and different management practices were accomplished as required. The yield and farmers perception was analyzed through mean and percentage. According to the results, mean grain yield was 4,475 and 3,784 kg ha-1 recorded in Albazer and Garmama respectively. At each of the demonstration sites, a field day was held where various stakeholders participated and experiences were shared in order to demonstrate the performance of the maize. Based on feedback, the demonstration was nicely understood by participant farmers and stakeholders and the demand for the technology was created further. Therefore, the extension system of the respective districts suggested supplying the improved maize variety (BH661) with recommended applications and practices to the wider community.
  PubDate: 2023-07-06
  DOI: 10.37591/rrjoast.v12i1.3666
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2023)
Studies on solar chimney type agricultural crop dryer
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  Authors: Prabha Humberi, Shankar Badiger, Abhilasha Paschapur
  Pages: 39 - 44
  Abstract: A natural convection solar chimney type dryer is studied experimentally to investigate the drying temperature distribution and drying rate of the crop. The dryer has been built with black painted solar collector and the chimney attached to create the draft. The performance of the solar chimney type dryer was carried out for the varying the different air inlet gaps. The temperature study showed that the maximum temperature is seen at the base of the chimney and near the base. The solar chimney type dryer can be utilized effectively to dry the crop by keeping the crop near the base of the chimney where there is a maximum temperature is seen. The drying time of the crop were reduced by 50% for the air entrance gap of 5 mm as compared to the open sun drying.
  PubDate: 2023-08-14
  DOI: 10.37591/rrjoast.v12i1.3667
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 1 (2023)