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Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
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ISSN (Print) 2087-4855 - ISSN (Online) 2614-2872
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Strategi Meningkatkan Hasil dan Kualitas Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza)
di Bawah Pohon Jati (Tectona grandis)
- Authors: Ellis Nihayati, Dellia Rezha Bayu Rizqullah, Eko Widaryanto
  Pages: 81 - 88
  Abstract: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) can grow on dry land that is planted with trees or perennials. Temulawak intensification can potentially use the lands planted with teak trees as there is wide space available to grow temulawak or other gingers between the trees. Planting distance of Temulawak under the teak trees will affect the growth, quality, and quantity of temulawak. The purpose of this research is to study and obtain the optimal planting distance of temulawak grown under the teak trees to obtain better growth and maximum yields. The study was carried out from December 2019 to June 2020 in the experimental field of Brawijaya University at Jatikerto Village, Malang Regency. The experiment was set up in a split-plot design consisted of 2 main plots, i.e. 3-year-old and 17-year-old teak trees, and planting distances as subplots, i.e. 50 cm × 50 cm (J1), 50 cm × 40 cm (J2), 50 cm × 30 cm (J3), 50 cm × 20 cm (J4). All treatments had 4 replications. From the results of the study, it was found that planting temulawak under the 3-year-old teak trees at a spacing of J1 resulted in the optimum weight of temulawak rhizomes per hectare. The optimum quality of temulawak in terms of the antioxidant activity level is found in temulawak planted under 17-year-old teak trees with the spacing of J4. The highest light intensity was found in temulawak planted underneath the 17-year-old teak trees. Keywords: antioxidants, curcumin, light intensity, plant spacing
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.81-88
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)
Perendaman dalam GA3 dan Penyimpanan pada Suhu Rendah untuk Pematahan
Dormansi Umbi Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.)
- Authors: Endah Retno Palupi, Chintya Dwi Septianingrum, Erianna Ayu Emkha Putri, Abdul Qadir
  Pages: 89 - 98
  Abstract: Garlic seed cloves is usually separated from previous cropping, and cannot be planted directly due to dormancy. This research was conducted at the Seed Storage and Testing Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture during November 2017 to April 2019. The research consisted of two experiments. The first experiment was aimed at determining the effective GA3 concentration for breaking the dormancy of garlic seed cloves (var Tawangmangu Baru). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with two factors, i.e. GA3 concentrations (0, 50, 100, dan 150 ppm) and storage conditions (ambient room/27±2 °C and refrigerator/9±1 °C), replicated 4 times. The second experiment was aimed at breaking the dormancy, and was arranged in completely randomized design with two factors, i.e. immersion solutions (water/control, 50 ppm GA3 and 1.5% KNO3) and storage conditions (ambient room/29±2 ˚C, RH 87±2%, air-conditioned room/19±1 ˚C, RH 60±1%, and refrigerator/7±1 ˚C, RH 77±3%). In both experiments the seed cloves were immersed in different solutions as treatments for 24 h prior to storage at various conditions. The immersion was repeated prior to germination test. The results showed that the dormancy period of garlic seed cloves was more than 22 weeks after harvest (WFH). GA3 at 50 ppm was effective for breaking the dormancy of garlic seed cloves. Immersion in 50 ppm GA3 for 24 h followed by storage in low temperature (6 – 10 ˚C) for 8 weeks was effective for breaking dormancy of garlic seed cloves aged 6 WFH. Keywords: germination, quiescence, refrigerator, vigor index
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.89-98
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)
Pemantapan Satuan Panas sebagai Kriteria Panen Pisang Raja Bulu
- Authors: Winarso Drajad Widodo, Ketty Suketi, Aidil Fitriansyah
  Pages: 99 - 107
  Abstract: The determination of the harvest time for Raja Bulu banana based on the age of the fruit causes the post-harvest ripe quality is not uniform between bunches. Determination of more precise harvest criteria has been carried out by converting the age of the flower anthesis to fruit harvest to the accumulated heat unit and obtaining the optimum heat unit accumulation of 1400 oC days in Raja Bulu banana plantations in the low lands (± 10 m asl). To confirm these results, an experiment was carried out with a complete randomized block design of 3 anthesis times with one week intervals with 4 replications at heat units of 1400 oC days. The anthesis flower tagging was carried out at Parakansalak Garden, PTPN VIII, Sukabumi (670 m asl) In July 2018. Postharvest observations were carried out at the Postharvest Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB. The heat unit accumulation of 1400 oC days was achieved at 88 – 91 days after anthesis. The postharvest ripeness (skin color scale 6) was reached at 11 – 14 days after harvest. At the similar ripe level, the difference in anthesis time did not affect the postharvest ripeness criteria for Raja Bulu banana fruit which included shelf life, weight loss, respiration rate, fruit hardness, total soluble solids, total titrated acid, and vitamin C contents. Keywords: anthesis, fruit age, postharvest ripeness, shelf-life
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.99-107
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)
Pengaruh Praktik Budidaya Jeruk terhadap Intensitas Penyakit Huanglongbing
(HLB) di Kabupaten Sambas, Kalimantan Barat
- Authors: M. Zuhran, Gatot Mudjiono, Retno Dyah Puspitarini
  Pages: 108 - 116
  Abstract: Several farming practices have been reported to influence the agroecosystem suitability for the development of plant diseases. However, the effect of citrus farming practices on the development of huanglongbing (HLB) disease and its vector insect, namely Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri is not widely known. This research studied the effect of citrus farming practices on HLB disease severity through a two-week short survey at 37 citrus groves in Sambas Regency. Observation parameters were HLB disease severity, the abundance of ACP, and the applied farming practices. The effect of farming practices on HLB disease severity was analyzed through structural equation modeling based on partial least squares (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the level of pesticide application, quality of drainage ditches, and density of citrus plants had a positive effect on HLB disease severity, while the level of vegetation diversity and level of application of chemical fertilizers had a negative effect on HLB disease severity. Weed control, soil quality, and pruning did not affect HLB disease severity. Therefore, citrus planting should apply a polyculture system, using various varieties, and the spacing is not too tight. The provision of nutrients that can increase citrus resistance to ACP infestation should be increased. Plant pest and disease control are suggested carried out in an integrated manner so that insecticides are only used when the pest population reaches an economic threshold. Key words: asian citrus psyllid, citrus, farming practices, huanglongbing
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.108-116
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)
Studi Pendahuluan Metode Biohidrolisis Kulit Buah Durian untuk Pembentukan
Gula Reduksi dalam Produksi Bioetanol
- Authors: Eko Darma Husada, I Made Sudiana, Idris, Ni Luh Putu Indriyani, Panca Jarot Santoso
  Pages: 117 - 125
  Abstract: Biohydrolysis is an enzymatic process using microorganism as biological agent for lignoselulose biomass hydrolysis/delignification. Isolate collection of fungi Trametes polyzona and Aspergillus sp. has an ability as ligninolytic fungi for hydrolysis process on bioethanol production. This study analyzed the potential fungi isolate for biohydrolysis method for reducing sugar determination on durian rind. Optimization of biohydrolysis method were conducted by treatments namely direct biohydrolysis, combination of chemical pretreatment (1% NaOH) and biohydrolysis, the combination of heat pretreatment (microwave) and biohydrolysis, and alkali delignification using 5% NaOH as control. Fungi isolate of Trametes polyzona showed a better result as the best potential ligninolytic fungi than Aspergillus sp. Biohydrolysis process with Trametes polyzona both on 10 minutes heat pretreatment combination and direct biohydrolysis methods within 7 days of incubation resulted the best available reducing sugar on hyrolysate were 0.38% and 0.32% respectively. The direct hydrolysis method with Trametes polyzona result was not significantly different than control (0.32%). Both method of these biohydrolysis optimization can be conducted as an alternative for bioethanol production on durian rind. Trametes polyzona biohydrolisis method needs a further experiments with other influence parameters to get an effective method for more available reducing sugar on durian rind for bioetanol production. Keywords: delignification, lignocellulose, optimazitation, Trametes polyzona
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.117-125
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)
Marka SSR Polimorfik pada Tetua dan Galur-galur Hasil Persilangan Cabai
Tahan PYLCV
- Authors: Ifa Manzila, M. Syukur, Tri Puji Priyatno, Reflinur, Chotimatul Azmi, Astri Widia Wulandari, Neni Gunaeni, Nur Azizah
  Pages: 126 - 137
  Abstract: Chili genotype (IPBC12 accession) has been known to carry a dominant resistance gene against PYLCV. It could be used as a gene donor for the assembly of PYLCV resistant chili varieties. PYLCV is one of the important pathogenic viruses in chili cultivation in Indonesia. Identification of polymorphic SSR markers in crossing populations between IPBC12 and Yuni variety was performed to obtain the markers that can be used for progenies selection and linked with chili resistance to PYLCV. A total of 20 SSR markers were used for polymorphis analysis on two parents, then the polymorphic markers were tested on F1 and F2 populations. The research obtained four polymorphic markers in the two parentals, and among these four polymorphic markers, three markers ( (CaBR61, CaBR64, and CaBR98) showed consistently polymorphic on segregated populations. Based on polymorphic marker analysis, 14 of F1 progenies were confirmed as breeding lines between IPBC12 accessions and Yuni varieties. The marker that consistently detects allele inheritance from both parents in the F1 progenies is CaBR61 which is a potential selection marker for F1 progenies. Marker analysis of the F2 lines did not found linked-marker with PYLCV-resistance trait. Further analysis is needed using sufficient and evenly distributed markers in the chili genome to map PYLCV resistance genes in breeding populations of IPBC12-Yuni varieties. Keywords: Capsicum annuum, IPBC12 accession, marker-assisted selection, Yuni variety
  PubDate: 2021-08-31
  DOI: 10.29244/jhi.12.2.126-137
  Issue No: Vol. 12, No. 2 (2021)